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]; British Foreign Secretary ] signing the ]; The ] opens in ], ]; The trial of persons accused of participation and complicity in the ]; a damaged building after the ]; an Australian ] bomber dropping {{convert|500|lb|kg|abbr=on}} bombs in the ]; Pro-Communist demonstrations before the ]; West Berliners watch a ] land at ] in the ].|300x300px|thumb]]
]: ] ] ] ] ] - ''']''' - ] ] ] ] ]
{{Year nav|1948}}
Years: ] ] ] ] ] - '''1948''' - ] ] ] ] ]
{{C20 year in topic}}
{{Year article header|1948}}
{{TOC limit|2}}
==Events==
----
===January===
{{Main|January 1948}}
* ]
** The ] (GATT) is inaugurated.<ref>{{cite book|author=K.R. Gupta|title=World Trade Organisation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mSaz5tSI8dIC&pg=PA21|year=2006|publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist|isbn=978-81-7156-888-8|pages=21}}</ref>
** The ] (later subject to amendment) goes into effect.<ref>{{cite book|title=Florida Law Journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0AkOAQAAMAAJ|year=1948|publisher=Florida State Bar Association|page=6}}</ref>
** The railways of Britain are nationalized, to form ]ways.<ref>{{cite book|author=Russell Haywood|title=Railways, Urban Development and Town Planning in Britain: 1948–2008|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xgjPCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT79|date=23 March 2016|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-07164-8|pages=79}}</ref>
* ] – ] gains its independence from the United Kingdom, becoming an independent republic, named the '], with ] as its first President and ] its first Prime Minister.
* ] – In the United States:
** ] shows the first color ] ('']'' and the '']'').
** The first ], ''Sexual Behavior in the Human Male'', is published.
* ] – ]: ] pilot Thomas Mantell crashes while in pursuit of an ].
* ] – ] begins his fast-unto-death in ], to stop communal violence during the ].
* ] – A truce is declared between nationalist Indonesian and Dutch troops in ].
* ] – British foreign secretary ] proposes the formation of a Western Union between Britain, France and the ] countries to stand up against the Soviet Union. The ] is signed ] as a consequence, a predecessor to ].
* ] – Teigin poison case: a man masquerading as a doctor poisons 12 of 16 bank employees of the Tokyo branch of Imperial Bank and takes the money; artist ] is later sentenced to death for the crime, but is never executed.
* ] – ], near ], kills 4 US citizens and 28 deportees, commemorated in a protest song ("]") by ].
* ]
** ]: Indian pacifist and leader ] is shot by ] in ].
** The ] open in ], Switzerland.
* ] – The British ] of the ], ] and ] form the ].<ref>Cabinet Memorandum by the Secretary of State for the Colonies (UK). February 21, 1956. {{sourcetext|source=Federation of Malaya Agreement}}</ref>
===February===
'''Events:'''
{{Main|February 1948}}
*] - ] follows ] as premier of ].
* ]
*] ] established as an independent state.
** The ] begins to jam ] broadcasts.
* November - ] defeats ] in the ]
** The ] is proclaimed.
* ] - ] becomes ]'s twelfth ].
* ] – ] (later known as ]) becomes an independent country, within the ] continuing to adopt King ] as the ].
*], ] General Assembly adopts ].
* ] – General ] becomes ] of ].
*] is founded.
* ] – ], innermost of the large ], is discovered by ].<ref>{{cite book|last=Moore|first=Patrick|author-link=Patrick Moore|year=1995|title=The Guinness Book of Astronomy|edition=5th|location=Enfield, UK|publisher=Guinness Publishing|isbn=085112643X|page=110}}</ref>
*], the innermost ] of ], is discovered by ].
* ] – ], Irish head of government from 1918 to 1932, loses power to an opposition coalition. ] is appointed ] by President ], until ].
*] discovered by Dutch physicist ]
* ] – The ] convenes in ].
*Tunnel of Vielha is opened in ], Spanish ].
* ] – The United States ] organization ] is founded by ] with other drivers.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of NASCAR|url=http://hometracks.nascar.com/nascar_101/history_of_nascar|publisher=NASCAR|date=2010-08-17|access-date=2017-02-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150530103445/http://hometracks.nascar.com/nascar_101/history_of_nascar|archive-date=May 30, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* ] – The first of the ] in Jerusalem kills between 49 and 58 civilians and injures between 140 and 200.
* ] – ]: ], ], cedes control of the country to the ], a day celebrated by that regime as "]" ({{langx|cs|Vítězný únor|links=no}}; {{langx|sk|Víťazný Február}}) until ].
* ]
**]: Riots take place in ], capital of the British colony of ], when a peaceful protest march by ex-servicemen is broken up by police, leaving several members of the group dead, among them Sergeant Adjetey, one of the leaders.
**The ] convenes in ].
===March===
'''Births:'''
{{Main|March 1948}}
*] - ], ]'s playmate for ] ]
* ] – '']'': The ] rules that religious instruction in public schools violates the ].
*] - ] ("Bonzo") (drummer)
*] - ], singerandproducer
* ] – The ] begins.
* ]
*] - ], television writer and producer
** The ] is signed by Belgium, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, providing for economic, social and cultural collaboration and collective self-defence.
*] - ], actor
** The ] motorcycle gang is founded in ].
*] - ], ]
* ] – The Round Table Conference convenes in ], Netherlands, to prepare the decolonization process for the Caribbean island of ] and the other Dutch Colonies. Aruba presents the mandate of the Aruban People for Aruba to become an independent country, under the sovereignty of the House of Orange, based on Aruba's first state constitution presented officially since August 1947, and a (4th) member state of the future Dutch Commonwealth.
*] - ], Prince of Wales
* ]
*] - ], French actor
** ] holds its first elections.
** Renowned Italian conductor ] makes his television debut, conducting the ] in an all-] program in the United States.
** The ] Ceremony is held in Los Angeles. '']'' wins the ].
===April===
'''Deaths:'''
{{Main|April 1948}}
*] - ], Indian politician
* ] – Children's Bargain Town, a predecessor of ] and child-related ]er ], is founded in ], United States.<ref name=nytimes_lazarus>{{cite news|first=Michael|last=Corkery|title=Charles P. Lazarus, Toys 'R' Us Founder, Dies at 94|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/22/obituaries/charles-p-lazarus-toys-r-us-founder-dies-at-94.html|work=The New York Times|date=March 22, 2018|access-date=September 25, 2023}}</ref>
*] - ], film director.
* ] – Physicists ] and ] publish the ], about the ].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Alpher|first1=R. A.|first2=H.|last2=Bethe|author-link2=Hans Bethe|first3=G.|last3=Gamow|date=1948-04-01|title=The Origin of Chemical Elements|journal=]|location=United States|volume=73|issue=7|pages=803–804|doi=10.1103/PhysRev.73.803|bibcode=1948PhRv...73..803A|doi-access=free}}</ref>
*] - ], director.
* ]
** United States President ] signs the ], which authorizes $5 billion in aid for 16 countries.
** ]: Residents revolt on ], South Korea, eventually leading to the deaths of between 14,000 and 30,000.
** ] is played on television in its entirety for the first time, in a series of concerts featuring ] conducting the ] in the United States. The chorus is conducted by ].
* ] – ]: Haganah launches ], provoking the ].
* ]– The ] is established by the United Nations.
* ]
** Liberal politician ]'s assassination provokes a violent riot in ] (the '']'') and a further 10 years of violence ('']'') across Colombia.
** The ] takes place in British ].
* ] – The ] takes place, in British ].
* ] – The ] is founded, as the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC).
* ] – ]: The first democratic general election with ] is held in Italy. The ] party achieves a majority over the ] Communist-Socialist coalition.
* ]
** ] joins the United Nations.
** The ] (otherwise known as ABC) begins television services, on WFIL-TV in ] (later ]).
* ]
** Civil War in Mandatory Palestine: ] – Jewish paramilitary group ] captures ] from the ].
** ] begins television services. WTVR is the first TV station south of Washington D.C., giving it the nickname "The South's First Television station".
* ] – First ] held in ].
* ] – The ] ends.
* ]
** The ] (OAS) is founded.
** The English-built ] is unveiled at the Amsterdam Motor Show.
===May===
'''Sports:'''
{{Main|May 1948}}
*] in St. Moritz, ]
* ] – The ] is established, as an independent nonprofit policy research and analysis institution, in the United States.
*] in ], ]
* ] – ]: An annular solar eclipse is visible in Japan and South Korea, and is the 32nd solar eclipse of ]. This eclipse is very short, lasting just 0.3 seconds. The path width is just about 200 meters wide (approximately 218 yards).
*]: ] defeat the ]
* ] – ] becomes ].
], 1948]]
* ] – The ] is made. ] becomes the first prime minister, a provisional position that will become formalized on February 14, 1949.
* ]
** ]: The ] is officially terminated; expeditionary forces from ], ], ] and ] invade ] and clash with Israeli forces.
** The ] a 3-year-old girl in ], England. To solve the crime, officers took 46,253 sets of ]s before identifying her murderer.
** ]: The touring ]ns set an all-time ] record, by scoring 721 runs in a day against ].
* ]
** ] is elected as the first ]
** ] Rescue 5 is founded for ].
* ] – The first ] of the ] officially convenes in ].
* ] – The Soviets launch ], the largest Lithuanian deportation to Siberia.
* ] – The United Church of Christ in the Philippines (UCCP) is founded at Ellinwood Malate Church in Manila.
* ] – The ] passes Public Law 557 which permanently establishes the ] as the auxiliary of the ].
* ] – ] defeats ] and becomes Prime Minister of ], which starts the era of ] (which is finally dismantled by ] in ]).
* ] – The ] is predicted by Dutch physicist ].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Casimir|first=H. B. G.|date=1948|title=On the attraction between two perfectly conducting plates|url=https://www.dwc.knaw.nl/DL/publications/PU00018547.pdf|journal=Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wet.|volume=51|pages=793}}</ref>
* ] – A dike along the ] breaks, obliterating ], within minutes; 15 people die and tens of thousands are left homeless.
===June===
''']:'''
{{Main|June 1948}}
* ] - ]
* ] – ], a global ] brand, is founded in ], ], by ],<ref>{{cite web|title=Puma AG Rudolf Dassler Sport|publisher=Fundinguniverse.com|url=http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/Puma-AG-Rudolf-Dassler-Sport-Company-History.html|access-date=2020-11-25}}</ref> having split from his brother "]".
* ] - ]
* ] – The ] telescope is finished in California.
* ] - ]
* ] – ] forms the new government of Turkey. (17th government; Hasan Saka had served twice as a prime minister)
* ] - ]
* ] – The first ], Albert I, is launched into space from White Sands, New Mexico.
* ] - Not awarded.
* ] – Chinese newspaper ''Renmin Ribao'' ('']'') is first published in Beijing, China.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Renmin-Ribao|title=Renmin Ribao {{!}} Chinese newspaper|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=2019-11-21}}</ref>
* ] – ], a ], crashes near ], killing 43 and injuring 84 people on board.
* ]
** ]: A ] is declared in the ], due to a communist insurgency.
** Columbia Records introduces its {{frac|33|1|3}} rpm ] format.
* ] – The ] recesses for the remainder of 1948, after an overtime session closes at 7:00 a.m. (to be shortly interrupted by Truman's recall from Congressional recess for July 20, 1948).
* ]
** The ] becomes the official currency of the future ].
** The ] becomes the first ] to successfully execute a program.
* ]
**The ship {{HMT|Empire Windrush||6}} brings more than 800 Afro-Caribbean immigrants to ] near London, the start of a large wave of immigration to Britain.
**]'s '']'', based on ]'s famous novel, premieres in the UK. It is banned for 3 years in the U.S., because of alleged ] in depicting master criminal ], played by ].
] landing at ]]]
* ]
** ]: The ] begins.
** The first ] of the ] is held in Geneva.
* ]
** ] files the original patent for the ], the first ].
** The ] begins.
* ]
** The ] Resolution marks the beginning of the ] in ] and the ].
** The 6.8 {{M|w|link=y}} ] strikes ], Japan; 3,769 are killed, 22,203 injured.
** ], a global ] in ] (] and ]), is founded.{{citation needed|date=June 2020}}
===July===
'''Books'''
{{Main|July 1948}}
* ] – The ] in the United Kingdom begins functioning, giving the right to universal healthcare, free at point of use.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcfour/lostdecade/timeline_html.shtml|title=The Lost Decade Timeline|publisher=BBC|access-date=2007-09-25|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060821133044/http://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcfour/lostdecade/timeline_html.shtml|archive-date=2006-08-21}}</ref>
* ] – The world's first Air Car-ferry service is flown by a Bristol Freighter of Silver City Airways, from ] to ] across the ].
* ] – The ] and ]es reach an agreement, leading to the promotion of the Ethiopian church to the rank of an autocephalous ]ate. Five ]s are immediately consecrated by the ] and the successor to Abuna Qerellos IV is granted the power to consecrate new bishops, who are empowered to elect a new Patriarch for their church.
* ] – The attempted assassination of ], general secretary of the ], results in numerous strikes all over the country.
* ] – The first London chapter of ] is founded.
* ] – Three armed men hijack the ] passenger plane '']'' and shoot the pilot; the plane crashes, killing 26 of 27 people on board.
* ] – ]:
** President ] issues the second peacetime ] in the United States, amid increasing tensions with the ] (the first peacetime draft occurred in 1940 under President Roosevelt)
** ], ] and ten other ] leaders are arrested and charged under the ].
* ] – The ] votes to join Canada, after a ].
* ] – U.S. President Truman signs ], ending ] in the ].
* ] – Around 200 die in an explosion at a chemical plant in ], Germany.
* ] – The ] begin in London, the first since the ] in Berlin.
* ]
** At Idlewild Field in New York, New York International Airport (later renamed ]) is dedicated.
** American defector ], previously working on behalf of the Soviet Union, appears under subpoena before the ] (HUAC) of the ] regarding Communist espionage; she implicates ].
* July–October – ] publishes "]" in '']'' (US), regarded as a foundation of ]<ref>{{cite journal|last=James|first=Ioan|year=2009|title=Claude Elwood Shannon 30 April 1916 – 24 February 2001|journal=]|volume=55|pages=257–265|doi=10.1098/rsbm.2009.0015|doi-access=free}}</ref> and all modern digital communications and adopting the term '']''.
===August===
{{Main|August 1948}}
* ] – ] appears under subpoena before the ] and alleges that several former U.S. Federal officials were communists, including ] and ].
* ] – ] appears before the ], to deny the allegations of ].
* ]–] – The ] prepares the draft for the ].
* ] – ]: About 600 unarmed members of the ] movement are shot dead on the orders of the Chief Minister of the ], ] Kashmiri, on Babrra ground in the ] region of ], North-West Frontier Province (modern-day ]), ].
* ] – ] and ] refute allegations of ] by ], before the ].
* ] – ]: Australian ] ], playing his last ] match, against England at ], is bowled by ] for a ] (leaving his career Test ] at 99.94); however, ] win the match by an ] and 149 runs, and ] 4–0.
* ] – ], an ] program to relocate ] from Northwestern Idaho to the ] in Central Idaho. The program involved parachuting beavers into the Chamberlain Basin.<ref name="Ngeo">{{cite news |last1=Sherriff |first1=Lucy |date=September 16, 2021 |title=Why beavers were parachuted into the Idaho wilderness 73 years ago |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/why-beavers-were-parachuted-into-the-idaho-wilderness |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210916145417/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/why-beavers-were-parachuted-into-the-idaho-wilderness |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 16, 2021 |work=] |access-date=February 25, 2023 |quote=The traditional way of relocating 'nuisance' beavers in the 1940s wasn't working. To increase the survival rate, one conservation officer turned to—yes—parachutes.}}</ref>
* ] – The southern half of Korea is established as the ].
* ] – The ] holds a private session between ] and ].
* ] – The ] is created by the ] Convention (enters into force ] ]).
* ] – ]: A ] at ] film studio in ] ended after the studio was surrounded by 2,000 police and a platoon of ] soldiers.
* ] – ], ] and ], represented by ], plead the ], in response to allegations of Communism by ] before the ].
* ] – The ] is established in ], the Netherlands.
* ] – The first meeting of the charter members of the American Chamber of Commerce in Japan (ACCJ) is held.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.accj.or.jp/history |title=ACCJ Online History Timeline |access-date=2008-09-19 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080917092752/http://www.accj.or.jp/history/ |archive-date=September 17, 2008 }}</ref>
* ] – The ] holds its first-ever televised congressional hearing, featuring "Confrontation Day" between ] and ].
* ] – ] states that ] was a communist on '']'' radio.
===September===
{{Main|September 1948}}
* ] – Queen ] abdicates for health reasons.
* ] – ] becomes Prime Minister of France.
* ] – ] is formally ] to succeed her mother, as queen regnant of the Netherlands.
* ] – The northern half of Korea is formally declared the ], with ] as prime minister.
* ] – ], founder and first ], dies. Pakistan is in a state of shock as it mourns the departure of the father of the nation. The day is a ] nationwide.
* ]–] – ] ("Operation Polo"): The ] of ] is invaded by the ] in a "]", in the aftermath of Pakistani leader ]'s death. The ] surrenders his state, which is amalgamated into the newly independent ]; thousands are killed as a result of this event.
* ] – ] is elected United States Senator, becoming the first woman to serve in both the ] and the United States Senate.
* ] – ] members, also known as the Stern Gang, assassinate Swedish count ], United Nations Mediator in Palestine, in Jerusalem.
* ] – An inaugural motor race is held at ], West Sussex, England.
* ] – The city of ] is established in Pakistan.
* ] – ] files a slander suit against ], for his August 27 radio statement in the United States.
* ] – ]'s film of '']'' opens in the U.S.
===October===
{{Main|October 1948}}
* ] – The International Union for the Protection of Nature (later known as the ], IUCN) is established in ], France.
* ] – ]: A 7.3 {{M|s|link=y}} earthquake near ], ] kills 10,000–110,000.
* ] – The ] on test becomes the first ] launch to enter space.
* ] – The ] in Chicago, the oldest juried art fair in the American Midwest, is founded.
* ] – ] is formally founded in ].
* ] – ]: A killer smog settles into ].
* ] – ]: Massacres of Palestinian Arab villagers by the ]:
** ]: Between 30 and 145 are killed.
** ]: At least 52 are killed.
* ] – ]: A '']'' fishing boat overloaded with passengers capsizes and sinks in the ] off ], ], ], killing 23 of the 27 people on board.<ref>{{cite news |last=Attard |first=Eddie |title=The 1948 Ħondoq ir-Rummien tragedy |url=https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/the-1948-ondoq-ir-rummien-tragedy.443026 |access-date=25 January 2020 |work=] |date=28 October 2012}}</ref>
===November===
{{Main|November 1948}}
* ]
** The ] of ] and ten other ] leaders begins, in New York City.
** ] is elected the 268th ].
** A boiler and ammunition explosion aboard a merchant ship evacuating troops of the ] from ], China for ] causes thousands of deaths.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=nahjAAAAIBAJ&pg=6787,1361609|title=Loss of 6000 Chinese troops in explosion of ship disclosed|newspaper=]|date=6 December 1948|access-date=23 September 2018|archive-date=30 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030134929/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=nahjAAAAIBAJ&pg=6787%2C1361609|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|first=David L.|last=Williams|title=In Titanic's Shadow: The World's Worst Merchant Ship Disasters|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q8QTDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT187|year=2012|publisher=History Press|location=Stroud|isbn=978-0-7524-7713-8|page=187|access-date=26 August 2018|archive-date=30 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030134904/https://books.google.com/books?id=Q8QTDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT187|url-status=live}}</ref>
* ] headline of the ].]] ] – ]: Democratic incumbent ] defeats Republican ], "Dixiecrat" ] and Progressive party candidate ].
* ] – In Tokyo, an international ]s tribunal sentences seven Japanese military and government officials to death, including General ], for their roles in World War II.
* ] – ] becomes Canada's 12th ].
* ]
** '']'' to transport Jews from Yemen to Israel begins.
** The ] (Universidad de los Andes) is founded in ], Colombia.
* ]
** ] divorces his second wife, the former Princess ].
** ] produces secret government papers, handwritten and typewritten by ], during pretrial examination.
* ] – ] rediscovers the ], last seen 50 years previously, near ], New Zealand.
* ] – In Venezuela, president ] is ousted by a ].
* ] – The ] defeat the ] 12–7 before 20,013 fans at Toronto's ], to win their first ] and complete the only ] to date in ].
===December===
{{Main|December 1948}}
], 1948]]
* ] – ] abolishes the army in ], making it the first country in history to do so.
* ] – The United States ] subpoenas and retrieves the "]" from the farm of ].
*] – The Chinese Liner ] sinks after an explosion occurs at the stern, which is thought to be a Japanese naval from from ], killing up to 3920 people.
* ] – ] displays microfilm from the "Pumpkin Papers" to the press.
* ] – The ] adopts the ].
* ] – The United Nations General Assembly adopts the ].
* ] – The ] is established to remove ] from its predecessor, the ].
* ] – In the American ], the ] defeat the ] 7–0, to win the championship.
* ]
** ]: The Dutch military captures Yogyakarta, the temporary capital of the newly formed Republic of Indonesia.
** American economist and former State Department official ] falls to his death, from the 16th story window of his Manhattan office.
* ] – Seven Japanese military and political leaders, convicted of war crimes by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, are executed by Allied occupation authorities, at Sugamo Prison in Tokyo, Japan.
* ]
** The last Soviet troops withdraw from ].
** Cardinal ] is arrested in Hungary and accused of treason and conspiracy.
* ] – A ] member assassinates Egyptian Prime Minister ].
* ] – The musical '']'' opens for the first of 1,077 performances in New York City.
* ] – ]: Israeli troops drive Egyptians from the ].
===Date unknown===
* The ], the world's largest, opens on ].
* The Slovak city Gúta is renamed ].
* The ] is opened, giving access to the ] in the Spanish ]; at this time it is the longest road tunnel in the world.<ref>{{cite book|title=Guinness World Records|year=2015|publisher=The Jim Pattison Group|isbn=978-1-908843-62-3|page=184|edition=British}}</ref>
* The Oakridge Transit Centre opens in ], ].
* The last recorded sighting is made of the ], in ].
* A pack of wolves kills about 40 children in ], in Russia.<ref>{{cite book|title=]|year=2008|page=137}}</ref>
* The last edition of the '']'' is published in the ].
* Charles Warrell creates the first ] books in the United Kingdom.
* ]'s third book, '']'', is published in the United Kingdom.
* Inspired by World War II fighter planes, ] introduces the first automobile to sport ]s.
* The inaugural ] sports car endurance race is held in the United States.
==Births==
{{BDToC|births}}
===January===
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
* ] – ], American engineer
* ]
** ], American journalist
** ], American writer, memoirist
** ], English actress (d. ])
* ] – ], Paraguayan vedette, dancer and actress (d. ])
* ]
** ], Australian media icon (d. ])
** ], African-American actor, director ('']'')
* ]
** ], American astronaut
** ], Governor of West Virginia
* ]
** ], American rock singer ('']'')
** ], Japanese voice actor
* ]
** ], Finnish musician<ref>{{cite book| editor-last= Rantala|editor-first=Risto |title= Kuka kukin on: Henkilötietoja nykypolven suomalaisista 1998 | page = 18 | location = Helsinki | publisher = Otava | year = 1998 | isbn = 951-1-14344-1|language=fi}}</ref>
** ], American rock keyboardist ('']'')
** ], African-American actress and comedian ('']'') (d. ])
** ], Latvian cellist
* ]
** ], Japanese sumo wrestler (d. ])
** ], American writer (d. ])
** ], Swedish musician
* ]
** ], English footballer
** ], English actor
* ]
** ], Malaysian footballer (d. ])
** ], Canadian spokesperson
* ]
** ], American record producer, musician
** ], Yamtuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan
** ], African-American actor, football player ('']'', '']'') (d. ])
* ] – ], American rock musician ('']'') (d. ])
* ]
** ], American film director, producer, screenwriter and composer
** ], German politician
** ], Canadian snooker player
** ], Japanese baseball pitcher, manager
* ]
** ], New Zealand comedian, musician and actor (d. ])
** ], ]
* ] – ], American actor
* ]
** ], Canadian politician
* ]
** ], American science fiction writer
** ], American air engineer
* ]
** ], American writer
** ], Japanese politician
* ]
** ], Hungarian economist and politician, Prime Minister of Hungary from 1988 until 1990
* ]
**], Russian dancer
* ]
** ], Finnish politician (d. ])<ref>{{Cite news |date=14 April 2022 |title=Kansanedustaja Ilkka Kanerva on kuollut |url=https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-12406911 |access-date=14 April 2022 |website=Yle Uutiset |language=fi}}</ref>
** ], Liberian politician, 22nd ]
* ] – ], Canadian actor ('']'')
* ]
** ], Japanese chemist, ] laureate
** ], Provisional Irish Republican Army member
* ]
** ], American actor, singer and songwriter (d. ])
** ], Japanese politician
===February===
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
<!--]]]-->
<!--]]]-->
]]]
<!--]]]-->
* ] – ], African-American urban singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and record producer (d. ])
* ]
** ], American cooking author
** ], British race car driver (d. ])
* ]
** ], East Timorean Catholic bishop, recipient of the ]
** ], Swedish crime novelist (d. ])
* ]
** ], American hard rock singer and musician ('']'')
** ], ]
* ]
** ], Northern Irish obstetrician and gynecologist (d. ])
** ], Swedish football manager (d. ])
** ], American actor, screenwriter, director and composer ('']'', '']'')
** ], American actress ('']'')
** ], English actor (d. ])
* ] – ], American keyboardist, composer ('']'') (d. ])
* ] – ], American musician (d. ])
* ]
** ], Scottish film, television and stage actor, director
** ], American game designer, publisher (d. ])
* ]
** ], Greenlandic Inuit politician, human rights activist (d. ])
* ] – ], Mexican-American film actress (d. 2022)
* ]
** ], American comedian, radio personality
** ], Dutch musician (d. ])
** ], American illusionist and magician, one half of the duo ]
** ], Israeli physician, autoimmunity researcher
* ] – ], American film and TV series writer (d. ])
* ] – ], German-Canadian spiritual author
* ]
** ], Hungarian actor
** ], Mexican singer, actor (d. ])
* ] – ], Irish actress
* ]
** ], Dutch politician, author (d. ])
** ], English heavy metal guitarist
** ], American activist
* ] – ], American model, actress
* ] – ], French drummer, founder of progressive rock/Zeuhl group Magma
* ]
** ], American actor (d. ])
** ], American ] recipient (d. ])
* ]
** ], Indian politician, film actress (d. ])
** ], Scottish football manager (d. ])
* ] – ], Indian actor
* ]
** ], American physicist, ] laureate
** ], American director, screenwriter and composer
** ], Swedish pole vaulter
** ], American actress, singer
** ], American actress
** ], Leader of Malta Labour Party (1992–), Prime Minister of Malta (1996–1998)
* ]
** ], Malaysian actor, poet (d. ])
** ], American actor
** ], American-born Canadian singer
===March===
<!--]]]-->
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
* ] – ], Indian politician (d. ])
* ]
** ], American pioneer of electronic commerce
** ], Irish musician (d. ])
** ], Australian politician
* ]
** ], American computer scientist, developer of the ] image format at ] in 1987 (d. ])
* ]
** ], Australian author ('']'')
** ], American writer
** ], American baseball player
** ], American baseball player
** ], English bassist (]) (d. ])
** ], Welsh singer
** ], American voice actor
* ]
** ], Guyanese British singer, musician ("]")
** ], English singer, actress
* ] – ], African-American actress ('']'')
* ]
** ], 4th ], wife of ]
** ], British Orthodox rabbi, philosopher, theologian, author and politician (d. ])
* ]
** ], Hungarian mathematician
** ], American singer ("]")
* ] – ], American ] (d. ])
* ]
** ], French actress
* ] – ], American singer, songwriter ("]")
* ] – ], Austrian mathematician
* ] – ], American actor, comedian
* ] – ], Brazilian diplomat (d. ])
* ] – ], American science fiction writer
* ] – ], American/Canadian writer
* ]
** ], American historian and journalist
** ], American singer and songwriter
* ]
** ], American actor
** ], Canadian hockey player
** ], Estonian actress (d. ])
* ]
** ], Brazilian educator who claims to be Jesus Christ reincarnated
** ], American television journalist (])
** ], English composer ('']'')
* ] – ], American actress
* ]
** ] (b. James Jeffrey Plewman), Canadian musician (d. ])
** ], American rock singer, songwriter (])
* ]
**], American novelist
**], American actress
* ]
** ], American basketball coach (d. ])
** ], American actor ('']'')
* ] – ], Irish founder of ]
* ]
** ], American actress ('']'')
** ], American politician and environmentalist, 45th ]
===April===
]]]
]]]
]]]
* ] – ], Jamaican singer, actor
* ]
** ], American basketball player (d. ])
** ], Danish cartoonist
* ] – ], Mexican economist, politician and 53rd ] (1988–1994)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.buscabiografias.com/biografia/verDetalle/6092/Carlos%20Salinas%20de%20Gortari|title=Carlos Salinas de Gortari|publisher=Busca Biografias|access-date=May 30, 2019|language=es}}</ref>
* ]
** ], American gospel singer, songwriter
** ], American fantasy, science fiction author
** ], American musician (d. ])
* ] – ], American President of ] (NARAS)
* ]
** ], American Olympic Long jump champion (d. ])<ref>{{cite Sports-Reference |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200417174749/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ro/arnie-robinson-1.html |title=Arnie Robinson |archive-date=2020-04-17 |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ro/arnie-robinson-1.html |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/sports/sports-columnists/story/2020-12-01/arnie-robinson-olympics-long-jump-gold-montreal-died-san-diego-aztecs-mesa-college|title=Column: Arnie Robinson dies at 72; Olympic long jump gold medalist, San Diego mainstay|date=December 1, 2020|website=San Diego Union-Tribune}}</ref>
** ], American rock singer, guitarist ('']'')
** ], Italian football player (d. ])
* ] – ], Indian actress and politician
* ] – ], Indonesian politician and diplomat, governor of ]
* ]
** ], English TV presenter (d. ])
** ], American pornographic film actor, director
**], German politician
** ], Italian football player, manager
* ]
** ], 25th Chief of Naval Operations of the ]
** ], Soviet, Russian singer, actor and TV presenter
* ] – ], American composer (d. ])
* ]
** ], Egyptian music icon, celebrity (d. ])
** ], Japanese voice actor (d. ])
* ]
** ], Czechoslovakian composer, pianist and keyboardist
** ], Swiss experimental particle physicist
* ] – ], Israeli-American film producer
* ] – ], American economist, ] laureate
* ]
** ], American singer, songwriter ('']'') (d. ])
** ], Swiss ophthalmologist (after whom ] is named)
* ] – ], Hungarian water polo player (d. ])
* ]
** ], Nepalese politician
** ], American con man, imposter
** ], American reality star, preacher, hunter, outdoorsman and U.S. Army veteran
* ]
** ], English comic fantasy, science fiction author (d. ])
** ], American actress, singer ('']'') (d. ])
* ] – ], German musician (d. ])
* ] – ], Lebanese journalist, film director (d. ])
===May===
]]]
]]]
<!--]]]-->
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
* ]
** ], Russian opera singer
** ], American singer, songwriter
* ]
** ], American maritime historian
** ], American actor
* ]
** ], Czech translator (d. ])
** ], American singer
** King ] of Tonga (d. ])
* ]
** ], American singer, songwriter
** ], American pornographic actor
** ], English rock drummer
* ] – ], convicted murderer and ex-follower of ] (d. ])
* ]
** Dame ], English soprano
** ], Canadian television producer
* ]
** ], American social scientist, author
** ], American basketball player, analyst
* ] – ], American actress
* ]
** ], Welsh actress
** ], Japanese musician
* ]
** ], English rock singer ("]")
** ], American actress
* ] – ], Indian-born English cricket coach (d. ])
* ]
** ], Japanese professional baseball pitcher
** ], English musician, record producer
* ] – ], Danish actor
* ] – ], American country singer (d. ])
* ]
** ], American author and film producer
** ], Finnish composer
* ] – ], Jamaican singer, actress
* ] – ], Japanese voice actor
* ]
** ], American musical theatre actress
** ], English writer
** ], Australian-born English actor
** ], American actress
** ], English rock musician ("]")
* ] – ], American professional golfer
* ] – ], German singer (])
* ]
** ], Canadian model, actress (d. ])
** ], American rock singer, songwriter (])
* ] – ], Dutch civil servant
* ] – ], English composer
* ] – ], American astronomer and cosmologist
* ]
** ], Belarusian writer of literary reportage, ] laureate
** ], English actress, broadcaster and author (d. ])
** ], English rock drummer (]) (d. ])
===June===
<!--]]]-->
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
* ]
** ], American actor ('']'') (d. ])
** ], American race car driver, ] winner
* ] – ], American actor ('']'')
* ] – ], Argentine composer and arranger
* ]
** ], English jump jockey
** ], American actor (d. ])
* ] – ], English musician ('']'')
* ] – ], American business person, ('']'')
* ]
** ], German television presenter, actor and comedian
** ], Lebanese-American classical guitarist
* ]
** ], Swedish politician
** ], American play-by-play announcer
* ] – ], Indian businessman (d. ])
* ] – ], American baseball player
* ] – ], Iranian academic reformist
* ] – ], Canadian hockey player, scout (d. ])
* ] – ], American author
* ] – ], Belgian singer, songwriter
* ] – ], American basketball player
* ] – ], Venezuelan baseball player
* ] – ], American science/social studies professor
** ], Israeli wrestler (d. ])
* ]
** ], English musician (d. ])
** ], Finnish singer
** ], African-American actress ('']'')
* ]
** ], French politician
** ], American freelance photojournalist
** ], Scottish musician (d. ])
** ], ]
** ], American singer, actress, film producer and memoirist
* ]
** ], British musician
** ], Australian boxer (d. ])
** ], Serbian football player
** ], Italian prelate
** ], French film composer
** ], Polish writer
** ], German football player
** ], American professional basketball player
* ]
** ], Japanese actor
** ], Japanese Soto Zen
** ], Dutch swimmer
** ], American professional golfer
** ], American rock singer, record producer ('']'')
** ], American football cornerback
** ], Polish football coach
** ], Greek sports shoote
** ], English football defender
* ]
** ], American football player, coach
** ], American defensive coordinator
** ], American blues singer
* ]
** ], Australian politician, senior academic and rugby league referee
** ], Swiss keyboard player
** ], First Lady of Uganda
** ], South African cricketer
** ], Danish cyclist
** ], German footballer
** ], Zimbabwean swimmer
* ]
** ], American businessman
** ], American actor, television and film director
** ], Canadian politician
* ]
** ], Welsh professional golfer
** ], English professional footballer
** ], Mexican politician
* ]
** ], Tamil actress
** ], Guamanian politician
** ], American rock guitarist
* ]
** ], English writer
** ], American actress ('']'')
** ], Scottish professional footballer
** ], Scottish professional footballer
* ]
** ], Australian actor
** ], English cricketer
** ], Canadian professional wrestler
** ], American actor, politician ('']'')
** ], Norwegian football player
** ], English musician ('']'')
** ], crossbench member of the House of Lords
* ]
** ], Canadian politician
** ], Norwegian speed skater
** ], English rugby union international
** ], Australian Indigenous community leader (d. ])
** ], Russian official, head of state-run ] Company
** ], American cardinal, prelate
===July===
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
* ]
** ], Paraguayan footballer
** ], ].
** ], English-born rock musician ('']''), writer of '']''
** ], Northern Ireland politician
* ]
** ], Mexican politician
** ], German-Canadian character actor, director, producer and playwright
* ] – ], Finnish comics artist
* ]
** ], French racing driver
** ], Head of the Chaldean Catholic Church
** ], Bahamian Major League Baseball outfielder
** ], Indian first-class cricketer
** ], British musician
* ]
** ], American football coach, player
** ], American baseball player
** ], Mexican politician
** ], Slovenian politician
** ], American actor (d. ])
* ]
** ], French actress
** ], American professional basketball player
** ], Brazilian rock musician, composer
** ], Canadian NHL Defenseman
** ], American football offensive lineman
** ], Japanese female enka singer, actress
** ], Dutch professional association football player
* ]
** ], American football defensive tackle
** ], Québécois actor
** ], French journalist
** ], Singaporean jurist
** ], British-American economic consultant
** ], Mexican football league forward, Olympic athlete
** ], American television personality, fitness expert (d. ])
** ], American actor (d. ])
* ]
** ], Norwegian rower
** ], African-American actress
** ], Canadian star football kicker
** ], Guamanian politician, educator
* ] – ], Zulu king (d. ])
* ]
** ], Mexican track and field athlete (d. ])
** ], Australian film director (d. ])
** ], English singer, songwriter (d. ])
* ]
** ], Panamanian singer, actor and musician
** ], Spanish politician, Mayor of Valencia (d. ])
** ], Swedish football manager, player
** ], American professional golfer
** ], Israeli violinist
* ]
** ], American Canadian football coach
** ], Australian cricketer
* ] – ], German chemist, ] laureate
* ]
** ], American actor
** ], Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Tunis
* ]
** ], Italian activist, blogger, comedian and actor
** ], American sportswriter
** ] (b. Steven Georgiou, later known as Yusuf Islam), British singer, musician
** ], American cartoonist ('']'')
** ], Japanese music executive producer, attendant
** ], Russian stand-up comedian, writer
** ], male Florida manatee (d. ])
** ], Swedish arranger/composer, conductor and producer
* ]
** ], American author
** ], German comedian, actor
* ] – ], Northern Irish politician
* ]
** ], American ]-winning ] singer, songwriter (d. ])
** ], American football player (d. ])
* ] – ], American figure skater
* ]
** ], American director, singer ('']'')\
** ], American actress (d. ])
*]
**] Israeli writer and newspaper columnist for the daily Yedioth Ahronoth. Shalev's books have been translated into 26 languages (d.])
* ]
** ], French actor
** ], Bulgarian composer, musician (d. ])
* ] – ], English academic sociologist, cultural theorist
===August===
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
* ]
** ], American radio talk show host, author
** ], Canadian politician
* ] – ], Prime Minister of France
* ] – ], Italian theoretical physicist and Nobel Prize laureate
* ] – ], American immunologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
* ] – ], British broadcaster
* ] – ], 9th Prime Minister of Tanzania
* ] – ], African-American soprano
* ] – ], English actor
* ]
** ], Iranian cleric, politician (d. ])
** ], Singapore-born English Formula One engineer
* ]
** ], Scottish actor (d. ])
** ], Australian actor
** ], American singer and actress
* ]
** ], Australian actor
** ], English singer ('']'')
** ] (b. Barbara Ann Allen), American aviator, first female pilot in the U.S. armed forces (d. ])
* ]
** ], American children's book author ('']'')
** ], Australian rock guitarist (], ])
* ] – ], American guitarist (])
* ] – ], Soviet, Russian physicist
* ]
** ], French electronic musician
** ], Finnish politician, 12th ]
** ], Chief of Staff of the ] <!-- "Kim" is surname -->
** ], Filipino actor, host and politician
* ] – ], Brazilian actor
* ] – ], American professional wrestler
* ]
** ], American comedian
** ], American activist (d. ])
** ], Russian scientist, professor
* ]
** ], American musician
** ], German football manager
===September===
<!--]]]-->
<!--]]]-->
]]]
]]]
<!--]]]
]]]-->
<!--]]]-->
* ] – ], American actor (d. ])
* ]
** ], American basketball player
** ], American football player, sportscaster
** ], American teacher and astronaut (d. in ] ])
* ]
** ], American drummer ('']'')
** ], Zambian president (d. ])
* ] – ], American actor
* ] – ], Austrian diplomat, politician
* ] – ], Hong Kong singer
* ]
** ], American actress
** ], ruler of Abu Dhabi (d. ])
* ] – ], Japanese professional wrestler
* ]
** ], English actress
** ], American basketball player (d. ])
** ] (b. Margaret Sinclair), wife and mother of Prime Ministers of Canada
** ], American football player
* ] – ] (b. Iain McGeachy), British folk-rock guitarist (d. ])
* ] – ], Singaporean politician
* ]
** ], African-American singer, actress ('']'') (d. ])
** ], 3rd Prime Minister of Fiji
** ], American actress
* ] – ], American rock bassist ('']'')
* ]
** ], English Dominican priest and academic
** ], American actor ('']'') (d. ])
* ]
** ], English actor
** ], Soviet pentathlete
* ]
** ], Filipino journalist, radio host
** ], American ] author
* ]
** ], Australian politician
** ], American voice actor, blues musician and actor
** ], British army captain, equestrian and first husband of ]
* ] – ], Mexican voice actor (d. ])
* ] – ], Canadian actor, comedian ('']'') (d. ])
* ]
** ], German art historian, gender researcher
** ], Romanian musical composer and producer<ref>{{cite news|url=https://adevarul.ro/stil-de-viata/cultura/compozitorul-vasili-sirli-eu-am-facut-muzica-si-1876468.html|title=Compozitorul Vasili Șirli: "Eu am făcut muzică și am lucrat ca să-mi câștig pâinea. Și marii compozitori au lucrat ca să-și plătească chiria"|first=Simona|last=Chițan|newspaper=]|date=8 July 2017|language=ro}}</ref>
** ], Russian ]
* ]
** ], Italian businessman, murder victim (d. ])
** ], English-born Australian singer, actress (d. ])<ref>{{cite web |title=Obituary: Olivia Newton-John |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-40105353 |publisher=BBC News |access-date=8 August 2022 |date=8 August 2022}}</ref>
** ], Czech politician and cosmonaut
* ]
** ], English actress
** ], American actor, singer
* ]
** ], American rock guitarist, singer ('']'')
** ], African-American television broadcaster ('']'')
** ], German jazz clarinetist
===October===
]]]
<!--]]]-->]]]<!--]]]-->
]]]
]]]
]]]
* ]
** ], American actor (d. ])
** Sir ], New Zealand yachtsman (d. ])
* ]
** ], American actor, musician
** ], Indian actress, model ('']'') (d. ])
** ], American singer, rodeo star (d. ])
** ], American fashion designer
* ]
** ], American soap opera writer
** ], New Zealand-Australian chef, restaurateur, author and television personality
*] – ], American singer (])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7n515ucve20C&pg=PT17|title=Talent Is An Asset: The Story of Sparks|first=Daryl|last=Easlea|date=April 7, 2010|publisher=Omnibus Press|isbn=9780857122377 }}</ref>
*]
** ], American basketball player (d. ])
** ], Northern Irish politician
* ] – ], American poet, essayist
* ]
** ], American guitarist (]) (d. ])
** ], 3rd ]
* ]
** ], American rock musician ("]")
** ], Northern Irish poet, novelist
** ], English-born economist, ] laureate
* ]
** ], American gospel, soul singer (d. ])
** ], American gospel singer
* ]
** ], English musician (]) (d. ])
** ], American politician and former member of the ] in 1993 and 1994 (d. ])
* ]
** ], American rock musician ("]")
** ], Pakistani musician (d. ])
* ]
** ], ] ] (d. ])
** ], American actor, writer ('']'')
* ]
** ], Filipino jurist, lawyer (d. ])
** ], born Christopher Davison, Argentine-born Anglo-Irish singer, songwriter
* ]
** ], American baseball coach
** ], Indian actress, writer, director, producer, dancer and politician
* ]
** ], American novelist (d. ])
** ], Canadian actress ('']'') (d. ])
** ], Japanese singer
** ], Singaporean entrepreneur, previously army general (d. ])
** ], American actor ('']'')
* ]
** ], Austrian philosopher
** ], African-American playwright and poet (d. ])
* ] – ], American musician (])
* ]
** ], American actor
** ], ]
* ]
** ], American attempted assassin of ]
** ], American author
* ] – Sir ], Irish-born British businessman (d. ])
** ], Italian economist and university professor<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ricerca.economiaefinanza.luiss.it/centri-di-ricerca/CESARE|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120713202712/http://ricerca.economiaefinanza.luiss.it/centri-di-ricerca/CESARE|url-status=dead|title=Centro di Economia Sperimentale a Roma est (Cesare): Introduzione|archivedate=July 13, 2012}}</ref>
** ], Dutch primatologist. (d. ])
** ], American actress ('']'')
* ] – ], Australian actor, satirist and comedian
** ], U.S. Ambassador to the U.N., National Security Advisor
** ], American singer
** ], American actor, director and president of the Screen Actors Guild
* ]
** ], American jazz drummer (d. ])
** ], President of Lebanon
* ] – ], Indian dance choreographer (d. ])
* ]
** ] (aka Princess Fadila of Egypt), wife of King ] of Egypt and the Sudan
** ], American NASCAR driver (d. ])
** ], East German figure skater
**], Togolese politician and ] (d. ])
* ] – ], American actor
* ] – ], Franco-Lebanese journalist, professor (d. ])
* ]
** ], Australian-American biologist, winner of ]
** ], American singer ('']'') (d. ])
** ], American actress
* ] – ], Polish film, television director and screenwriter
===December===
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
]]]
<!--]]]-->
* ]
** ], American writer
** ], Indian-American businessman
** ], British Labour Party politician<ref>{{cite web|url=https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/ms-patricia-hewitt/index.html|title=Ms Patricia Hewitt (Hansard)|website=api.parliament.uk}}</ref>
** ], Brazilian singer, musician
** ], German television, radio host, journalist and author
* ]
** ], American singer, evangelist
** ], English singer ('']'')
* ],
** ], Japanese actor (])
* ]
** ], Finnish Formula One champion
** ], German actor, musician
** ], American actress, director
** ], ]
* ]
** ], American country singer, actor
** ], American television and film producer
** ], Danish bassist
* ] – ], Palestine Liberation Front founder (d. ])
* ]
** ], American rock drummer
** ], Japanese musician (d. ])
* ] – ], 20th ]
* ]
** ], South African-born English Olympic athlete (d. ])
** ], American rock guitarist, singer, conservative political commentator ('']'')
** ], English rock guitarist
* ]
** ], American music journalist (d. ])
** ], American actress
* ]
**], American actress and singer ('']'')
**], American basketball player
* ] – ], American serial killer
* ] – ], Canadian ice hockey player
* ]
** ], Italian actress
** ], Zanzibar-born novelist, Nobel Prize laureate
** ], English songwriter, musician and record producer
* ]
** ], American actor, film producer
** ], Austrian musician, cabaret artist
* ]
** ], English TV presenter, DJ
** ], American baseball player
** ], American child actor
** ], American actress ('']'') (d. ])
* ] – ], American guitarist, composer, educator, author and music journalist
* ]
** ], queen consort of Jordan (d. ])
** ], American country singer, musician and actress
* ]
**], American ], ] musician (d. ])
**], French actor
* ] – ], American pop singer (]) (d. ])
* ] – ], Northern Ireland First Minister
* ]
** ], English choral conductor (d. ])
** ], American model, actor
** ], Scottish professional footballer, playing for Rangers and Hearts and representing Scotland (d. ])
** ], African-American singer, actress ('']'') (d. ])
==Deaths==
===January===
]]]
]]]
]]]
* ] – ], American actress (b. ])
* ] – ], Chilean poet (b. ])<ref>{{cite book | last = Smith | first = Verity | title = Encyclopedia of Latin American literature | publisher = Fitzroy Dearborn | location = London | year = 1996 | isbn = 9781135314248 | page=429}}</ref>
* ] – ], Austrian actress (b. ])
* ] – ], wife of President ] (b. ])
* ]
** ], American actor (b. ])
** ], Spanish educator, feminist (b. ])
* ]
** ], 16th ] (b. ])
** ], Swedish producer, screenwriter (b. ])
** ], German artist (b. ])
** ], Austrian tenor (b. ])<ref></ref>
* ] – ], American criminal (b. ])
* ] – ], French architect (b. ])
* ]
** ], last person born into slavery in the United States (b. ])
**], Japanese admiral and war criminal (executed) (b. ])
** ], Italian composer (b. ])
* ]
** ], American actor (b. ])
** ], Austrian concentration camp guard and war criminal (executed) (b. ])
* ] – ], German artillery officer (b. ])
* ]
** ], German concentration camp guard and war criminal (executed) (b. ])
** ], American physician (b. ])
* ] – King ] (b. 1900)
* ]
** ], British air force air marshal (disappeared) (b. ])
** ], Leader of Indian independence movement, (assassinated) (b. ])
** ], American co-inventor of the airplane (b. ])
===February===
<!--]]]-->
]]]
<!--]]]-->
* ]
** ], American banker (b. ])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Thomas-William-Lamont|title=Thomas William Lamont | American banker | Britannica|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=January 29, 2024 }}</ref>
** ], South African athlete (b. ])
* ] – ], American postal official, implemented U.S. Airmail (b. ])
* ] – ], German general (b. ])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johannes-Blaskowitz|title=Johannes Blaskowitz | German military officer | Britannica|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=July 6, 2023 }}</ref>
* ] – ], American businessman, industrialist (b. ])
* ] – ], German actor (b. ])
* ]
** ], Soviet film director (b. ])
** ], 9th ] (b. ])
* ] – ], Indian poet (b. ])
* ] – ], Irish-born inventor of shorthand (b. ])
* ] – ] (b. ]).<ref>{{cite book|first=Adrian|last=Cioroianu|title=Focul ascuns în piatră|trans-title=The Fire Hidden in the Stone|location=Bucharest|publisher=Editura Polirom|year=2002|page=310|isbn=978-973-68-1076-3|language=RO}}</ref>
===March===
]]]
* ]
** ], French playwright, actor and director (b. ])<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Thévenin|first1=Paule|last2=Knapp|first2=Bettina|date=1965|title=A Letter on Artaud|journal=The Tulane Drama Review|volume=9|issue=3|pages=99–117|doi=10.2307/1125050|issn=0886-800X|jstor=1125050}}</ref>
** ], Swedish nurse (b. ])<ref></ref>
* ]
** ], American wife of ] (b. ])
** ], Czechoslovakian Foreign Minister (b. ])
* ] – ], Argentine physician and university professor (b. ])
* ] – ], British field marshal (b. ])
* ]
** ], Soviet religious leader, political philosopher (b. ])
** ], Italian admiral (b. ])
* ] – ], Austrian journalist, author (b. ])
===April===
]]]
]]]
]]]
* ]
** ], Italian painter (b. ])
** ], Indian saint known as "The Great Master" (b. ])
* ] – ], American political figure, ] (b. ])
* ] – ], Puerto Rican writer, educator, philanthropist and activist (b. ])<ref>{{cite book|author=F. Ribes Tovar|year=1973|title=A Chronological History of Puerto Rico|publisher=Plus Ultra Educational Publishers|page=345}}</ref>
* ] – ], Palestinian Arab nationalist (b. ])
* ] – ], Italian ] religious professed and blessed
* ]
** ], American criminal (b. ])
** ], Brazilian writer (b. ])
* ]
** ], French writer (b. ])<ref>{{cite book | last = Sollars | first = Michael | title = The Facts on File companion to the world novel : 1900 to the present | publisher = Facts on File | location = New York | year = 2008 | isbn = 9781438108360 | page=73}}</ref>
** ], American ] mystic (b. ])
** ], American actress (b. ])
* ] – ], Greek political figure (b. ])
* ]
** ], American actor (b. ])
** ], German anatomist, physical anthropologist (b. ])
* ] – ], American baseball player (]), ] member (b. ])
* ] – ], American playwright (b. ])
* ] – ], mistress of President ] (b. ])
===August===
]]]
]]]
* ] – ], American boxing champion (b. ])
* ] – ], Serbian physicist and mathematician, wife of ] (b. ])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://scientificwomen.net/women/maric-einstein-mileva-62|title=Mileva MARIC-EINSTEIN|website=scientificwomen.net}}</ref>
* ] – ], American actor (b. 1879)
* ] – ], Scottish soccer coach (b. ])
* ] – ], Japanese historian (b. ])
* ] – ], Irish actor (b. ])
* ] – ], American baseball player (]), ] member (b. ])
* ] – ], American actor (b. ])
* ]
** ], Irish trade union, feminist and suffragette (b. ])
** ], Chinese ] and general (b. ])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Feng-Yuxiang|title=Feng Yuxiang | Chinese warlord | Britannica|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=March 2024 }}</ref>
** ], ruler of Tunisia (1942–43) (b. ])
* ] – ], American scholar, World War I spy (b. ])
* ] – ], English educational psychologist and psychoanalyst (b. ])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/psychology/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/isaacs-sutherland-susan-1885-1948|title=Isaacs-Sutherland, Susan (1885-1948) | Encyclopedia.com|website=encyclopedia.com}}</ref>
* ] – ], American actor (b. ])
* ] – ], American actress (b. ])
* ] – ], American actress (b. ])
* ] – ], German general (b. ])<ref>{{Cite web |title=Friedrich Freiherr Kreß von Kressenstein |url=http://prussianmachine.com/aka/kress.htm |access-date=2022-05-30 |website=prussianmachine.com}}</ref>
* ] – ], German field marshal (b. ])
* ] – ], Italian actress (b. ])
* ] – ], Hungarian composer (b. ])
* ] – ], American actress (b. ])
===November===
]]]
]]]
* ]
** ], British-born American businessman (b. ])
** ], Italian ] prelate and missionary (b. ])
* ] – ], American actor (b. ])
* ] – ] (b. ])
* ] – ], American actor (b. ])
* ]
** ], German politician, diplomat (b. ])
** ], American actor, director (b. ])
* ] – ], American film director (b. ])
* ] – ], Italian composer (b. ])
* ] – ], Indonesian general (b. ])
* ] – ], African-American lynching victim (b. ])
* ] – ], Hungarian military officer, politician and 38th ] (b. ])
* ] – ], American baseball player (]), ] member (b. ])
* ] – ], Irish politician (b. ])
* ]
** ], German actress (b. ])
** ], Italian cinematographer, director (b. ])
* ] – ], Italian composer (b. ])
===December===
]]]
]]]
]]]
* ]
** ], South African politician (b. ])
** ], Chilean politician, lawyer, novelist and diplomat (b. ])
** ], Cuban percussionist (b. ])
* ] – ], Australian politician (b. ])
* ] – ], Portuguese military officer, politician and 69th ] (b. ])
* ] – ], British actor (b. ])
* ] – ], Polish psychologist, philosopher, translator, historian (of philosophy and art) and artist (b. ])
* ] – Japanese war leaders (]):
** ], general (b. ])
** ], diplomat and politician, 32nd ] (b. ])
** ], military officer (b. ])
** ], general (b. ])
** ], general (b. ])
** ], general (b. ])
** ], general, 40th ] (b. ])
* ] – ], American actor (b. ])
* ]
** ], Indian civil servant, politician (b. ])
** ], Egyptian political figure, 27th ] (assassinated) (b. ])
The railways of Britain are nationalized, to form British Railways.
January 4 – Burma gains its independence from the United Kingdom, becoming an independent republic, named the 'Union of Burma', with Sao Shwe Thaik as its first President and U Nu its first Prime Minister.
January 17 – A truce is declared between nationalist Indonesian and Dutch troops in Java.
January 22 – British foreign secretary Ernest Bevin proposes the formation of a Western Union between Britain, France and the Benelux countries to stand up against the Soviet Union. The Treaty of Brussels is signed March 17 as a consequence, a predecessor to NATO.
January 26 – Teigin poison case: a man masquerading as a doctor poisons 12 of 16 bank employees of the Tokyo branch of Imperial Bank and takes the money; artist Sadamichi Hirasawa is later sentenced to death for the crime, but is never executed.
Accra Riots: Riots take place in Accra, capital of the British colony of Gold Coast, when a peaceful protest march by ex-servicemen is broken up by police, leaving several members of the group dead, among them Sergeant Adjetey, one of the leaders.
The Treaty of Brussels is signed by Belgium, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, providing for economic, social and cultural collaboration and collective self-defence.
March 18 – The Round Table Conference convenes in The Hague, Netherlands, to prepare the decolonization process for the Caribbean island of Aruba and the other Dutch Colonies. Aruba presents the mandate of the Aruban People for Aruba to become an independent country, under the sovereignty of the House of Orange, based on Aruba's first state constitution presented officially since August 1947, and a (4th) member state of the future Dutch Commonwealth.
May – The RAND Corporation is established, as an independent nonprofit policy research and analysis institution, in the United States.
May 9 – Solar eclipse of May 9, 1948: An annular solar eclipse is visible in Japan and South Korea, and is the 32nd solar eclipse of Solar Saros 137. This eclipse is very short, lasting just 0.3 seconds. The path width is just about 200 meters wide (approximately 218 yards).
June 20 – The U.S. Congress recesses for the remainder of 1948, after an overtime session closes at 7:00 a.m. (to be shortly interrupted by Truman's recall from Congressional recess for July 20, 1948).
The ship HMT Empire Windrush brings more than 800 Afro-Caribbean immigrants to Tilbury near London, the start of a large wave of immigration to Britain.
July 5 – The National Health Service in the United Kingdom begins functioning, giving the right to universal healthcare, free at point of use.
July 6 – The world's first Air Car-ferry service is flown by a Bristol Freighter of Silver City Airways, from Lympne to Le Touquet across the English Channel.
July 16 – Three armed men hijack the Cathay Pacific passenger plane Miss Macao and shoot the pilot; the plane crashes, killing 26 of 27 people on board.
President Harry S. Truman issues the second peacetime military draft in the United States, amid increasing tensions with the Soviet Union (the first peacetime draft occurred in 1940 under President Roosevelt)
September 17 – Lehi members, also known as the Stern Gang, assassinate Swedish count Folke Bernadotte, United Nations Mediator in Palestine, in Jerusalem.
A boiler and ammunition explosion aboard a merchant ship evacuating troops of the Republic of China Army from Yingkou, China for Taiwan causes thousands of deaths.
November 12 – In Tokyo, an international war crimes tribunal sentences seven Japanese military and government officials to death, including General Hideki Tojo, for their roles in World War II.
December 4 – The Chinese Liner SS Kiangya sinks after an explosion occurs at the stern, which is thought to be a Japanese naval from from World War 2, killing up to 3920 people.
Indonesian National Revolution: The Dutch military captures Yogyakarta, the temporary capital of the newly formed Republic of Indonesia.
American economist and former State Department official Laurence Duggan falls to his death, from the 16th story window of his Manhattan office.
December 23 – Seven Japanese military and political leaders, convicted of war crimes by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, are executed by Allied occupation authorities, at Sugamo Prison in Tokyo, Japan.
Cioroianu, Adrian (2002). Focul ascuns în piatră [The Fire Hidden in the Stone] (in Romanian). Bucharest: Editura Polirom. p. 310. ISBN978-973-68-1076-3.
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