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{{Infobox Albanian settlement | {{Infobox Albanian settlement | ||
| name = Pogradec | | name = Pogradec | ||
⚫ | | |
||
| type = m | | type = m | ||
| flag = | | flag = Flag of Pogradec.jpg | ||
| emblem = Stema e Bashkisë Pogradec.svg | | emblem = Stema e Bashkisë Pogradec.svg | ||
| image_skyline = |
| image_skyline = {{multiple image | ||
| |
| border = infobox | ||
⚫ | | total_width = 300 | ||
| image_style = border:1; | |||
| perrow = 1/2/2 | |||
| image1 = Pogradec from Kalaja.jpg | |||
| image2 = Pogradec, Albania – Promenade 2018 19.jpg | |||
| image3 = Pogradec, Albania 2018 09 – Burime (Old Town).jpg | |||
| image4 = Church in Pogradec.jpg | |||
| image5 = Pogradec, Albania 2018 05.jpg}} | |||
| image_caption = '''Top to bottom, left to right''': View of Pogradec from ], Statue Playing Flute, Old town of Pogradec with St. Mary's Albanian Orthodox Church, Resurrection Orthodox Cathedral, Villa Sigal in Reshit Çollaku Street. | |||
| map = | | map = | ||
| location = | | location = | ||
Line 23: | Line 31: | ||
| area munic = 584.77 | | area munic = 584.77 | ||
| area rank = | | area rank = | ||
| population as of = 2023<ref name="2023pop">{{cite web |title=Census of Population and Housing|url=https://www.instat.gov.al/en/themes/censuses/census-of-population-and-housing/|publisher=Institute of Statistics Albania}}</ref> | |||
| population as of = 2011 | |||
| population munic = |
|area_unit=3.47| population munic = 46070 | ||
| population unit = |
| population unit = 17371 | ||
| population rank = | | population rank = | ||
| demonym = |
| demonym = {{langx|sq|Pogradecar (m), Pogradecare (f)}} | ||
| postal code = 7301–7303 | | postal code = 7301–7303 | ||
| area code = (0)83 | | area code = (0)83 | ||
| website = {{URL|https://bashkiapogradec.gov.al/ |
| website = {{URL|https://bashkiapogradec.gov.al/}} | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Pogradec''' ({{IPA-sq|pɔɡɾaˈdɛt͡s}}) is the ] |
'''Pogradec''' ({{IPA-sq|pɔɡɾaˈdɛt͡s}}, {{langx|mk|Поградец}}) is the ] in ] and the capital of the eponymous municipality. It is located on a ] between two mountain chains along the southwestern banks of the ]. Its climate is profoundly influenced by a seasonal ] and ]. The total municipal population is 46,070, of which 17,371 is in the municipal unit as of the 2023 census.<ref name="2023pop" />{{historical populations|1950|4275|1960|7764|1969|9800|1979|13000|1989|19272|2001|23762|2011|20848|2023|17371|align=right|cols=1|source=<ref>{{cite web |title=Cities of Albania|url=http://pop-stat.mashke.org/albania-cities.htm}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Albania: All places/communes|url=http://pop-stat.mashke.org/albania-census1989.htm}}</ref><ref name="2023pop" />}} | ||
Pogradec and its surroundings were listed by ] as a ] as part of the ] of the ].<ref>{{cite web |publisher=] (UNESCO) |title=Natural and Cultural Heritage of the Ohrid region |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/99 |access-date=10 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010195523/https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/99 |archive-date=10 October 2020}}</ref> Nevertheless, the ] in the adjacent unit of ] are on the ] for becoming a ].<ref>{{cite web |publisher=] (UNESCO) |title=Les tombes de la Basse Selca |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/909/ |access-date=10 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010201908/https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/909/ |archive-date=10 October 2020 |language=fr}}</ref> | Pogradec and its surroundings were listed by ] as a ] as part of the ] of the ].<ref>{{cite web |publisher=] (UNESCO) |title=Natural and Cultural Heritage of the Ohrid region |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/99 |access-date=10 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010195523/https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/99 |archive-date=10 October 2020}}</ref> Nevertheless, the ] in the adjacent unit of ] are on the ] for becoming a ].<ref>{{cite web |publisher=] (UNESCO) |title=Les tombes de la Basse Selca |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/909/ |access-date=10 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010201908/https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/909/ |archive-date=10 October 2020 |language=fr}}</ref> | ||
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] | ] | ||
From the 8th until the 14th century, Pogradec area was captured by various medieval states such as the ], Byzantine and ] Empires as well as by noble Albanian families such as ]. In the middle of 15th century the area became part of ] |
From the 8th until the 14th century, Pogradec area was captured by various medieval states such as the ], ] and ] Empires as well as by noble Albanian families such as ]. It was most likely during the Bulgarian empires rule in Pogradec is when it gained its modern name. In the middle of 15th century the area became part of the ] and after ] death in 1468, it was invaded by the ] who kept it until ]. During their occupation Pogradec was the center of the ] of Starova and was developed as a small town of craftsmen and fishermen. When the Turkish traveler ] visited the area in 1662 he wrote that "''Pogradec was a sweet city with red roofs, four neighborhoods, four mosques, two elementary schools, six hundred houses and one hundred and fifty shops''". | ||
During the second half of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century, Pogradec area played an important role in the ]. In 14 March 1887 the second Albanian language school was started here. | During the second half of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century, Pogradec area played an important role in the ]. In 14 March 1887 the second Albanian language school was started here. | ||
] | ] | ||
During ] Pogradec became a battlefield divided between the enemy fronts. From 1914 until 1920 Austro-Hungarian, Serbian, Greek, Bulgarian and French armies, captured the city replacing each-other from time to time. | During ] Pogradec became a battlefield divided between the enemy fronts. From 1914 until 1920 ], ], Greek, Bulgarian and French armies, captured the city replacing each-other from time to time. | ||
During ] the city was first invaded by the Italian army in 12 April 1939. Italian occupation of Pogradec was interrupted due to ] and Greek troops ] the city between 30 November 1940 and 14 April 1941. After Italy's ] in 1943 it was liberated by the Albanian partisans. | During ] the city was first invaded by the Italian army in 12 April 1939. Italian occupation of Pogradec was interrupted due to ] and Greek troops ] the city between 30 November 1940 and 14 April 1941. After Italy's ] in 1943 it was liberated by the ]. | ||
After the war the town was a favorite summer escape for many communist government officials and particularly ]. The summer residences and the area around them were sealed off from the public. | After the war the town was a favorite summer escape for many communist government officials and particularly ]. The summer residences and the area around them were sealed off from the public. | ||
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=== Climate === | === Climate === | ||
The climate of the Lake Ohrid is classified as a local-continental type because of a microclime that is created in that area influenced by ]. The average annual rainfall in the Lake basin amount to approximately 730 mm. |
The climate of the Lake Ohrid is classified as a local-continental type because of a microclime that is created in that area influenced by ]. The average annual rainfall in the Lake basin amount to approximately 730 mm. | ||
{{Weather box | {{Weather box | ||
|location =Pogradec | |location =Pogradec | ||
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The main characters of Luan Starova's cycle of novels, "The Balkan Saga", are the author's own parents and their family, who fled Pogradec for Macedonia during World War II. Separated from their old hometown and their relatives by the Albania-Yugoslavia border during the ]'s era, they would often look at Pogradec through a binocular from the vantage point of ] on the other side of the lake.<ref>The theme repeats e.g. throughout ''The Museum of Atheism''</ref> | The main characters of Luan Starova's cycle of novels, "The Balkan Saga", are the author's own parents and their family, who fled Pogradec for Macedonia during World War II. Separated from their old hometown and their relatives by the Albania-Yugoslavia border during the ]'s era, they would often look at Pogradec through a binocular from the vantage point of ] on the other side of the lake.<ref>The theme repeats e.g. throughout ''The Museum of Atheism''</ref> | ||
Pogradec is also the home of nationally acclaimed painters like Anastas Kostandini(Taso), Gjergji Lako, Gentian Zeka, Vangjo Vasili |
Pogradec is also the home of nationally and internationally acclaimed artist painters like Anastas Kostandini(Taso), Gjergji Lako, Gentian Zeka, Vangjo Vasili, Odhisea Dhima, Ilir Dhima, etc. All kinds of sports are practiced in town, especially by the youth. | ||
Pogradec has a professional |
Pogradec has a professional football team called ]. There are several varsity soccer teams mainly composed of high school students. Even ] and ] are played competitively. During the summer, beach volleyball draws the attention of all the residents. Many professional volleyball teams from ] and other Balkan countries participate in a championship which lasts about two weeks. Pogradeci team has been awarded the first prize several times. Other sports to mention are ] and ]. The boxing team, "Dragoi", is one of the top teams in the nation and has always trained champions. | ||
Pogradec also has a rich folklore. Many songs and dances have been created throughout the centuries. Their themes are based on the beauty of the lake and a love for nature. | Pogradec also has a rich folklore. Many songs and dances have been created throughout the centuries. Their themes are based on the beauty of the lake and a love for nature. | ||
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*] in ] | *] in ] | ||
*The karstic cave and small lake inside it above the village of ] | *The karstic cave and small lake inside it above the village of ] | ||
==Media== | |||
{{expand section|date=January 2023}} | |||
===Newspapers=== | |||
*''], founded 1998 | |||
==Twin towns – sister cities== | ==Twin towns – sister cities== |
Latest revision as of 16:07, 6 January 2025
City in southeastern Albania Municipality in Korçë, AlbaniaPogradec | |
---|---|
Municipality | |
Top to bottom, left to right: View of Pogradec from Pogradec Castle, Statue Playing Flute, Old town of Pogradec with St. Mary's Albanian Orthodox Church, Resurrection Orthodox Cathedral, Villa Sigal in Reshit Çollaku Street. | |
FlagEmblem | |
Pogradec | |
Coordinates: 40°54′N 20°39′E / 40.900°N 20.650°E / 40.900; 20.650 | |
Country | Albania |
County | Korçë |
Government | |
• Mayor | Ilir Xhakolli (PS) |
Area | |
• Municipality | 584.77 km (225.78 sq mi) |
• Municipal unit | 3.47 km (1.34 sq mi) |
Elevation | 735 m (2,411 ft) |
Population | |
• Municipality | 46,070 |
• Municipality density | 79/km (200/sq mi) |
• Municipal unit | 17,371 |
• Municipal unit density | 5,000/km (13,000/sq mi) |
Demonym(s) | Albanian: Pogradecar (m), Pogradecare (f) |
Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
Postal Code | 7301–7303 |
Area Code | (0)83 |
Website | bashkiapogradec |
Pogradec (Albanian pronunciation: [pɔɡɾaˈdɛt͡s], Macedonian: Поградец) is the eleventh most populous city in Albania and the capital of the eponymous municipality. It is located on a narrow plain between two mountain chains along the southwestern banks of the Lake of Ohrid. Its climate is profoundly influenced by a seasonal Mediterranean and continental climate. The total municipal population is 46,070, of which 17,371 is in the municipal unit as of the 2023 census.
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1950 | 4,275 | — |
1960 | 7,764 | +81.6% |
1969 | 9,800 | +26.2% |
1979 | 13,000 | +32.7% |
1989 | 19,272 | +48.2% |
2001 | 23,762 | +23.3% |
2011 | 20,848 | −12.3% |
2023 | 17,371 | −16.7% |
Source: |
Pogradec and its surroundings were listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site as part of the natural and cultural heritage of the region of Ohrid. Nevertheless, the Illyrian Royal Tombs in the adjacent unit of Proptisht are on the Albanian tentative list for becoming a World Heritage Site.
Etymology
The name of the town is Eastern South Slavic in origin. Pogradec comes from Po(d) (under/beneath) and Gradec (town, city, castle or fortified settlement) and means literally "under the city". This is a reference to the ancient Illyrian settlement, which was situated on a hill above the contemporary region of Pogradec. In the medieval period during the Ottoman occupation, the town was known as İstarova or İstarye during Ottoman rule and was bounded to as kaza center in Görice Sanjak of Manastır Vilayet before Balkan Wars.
History
From the 8th until the 14th century, Pogradec area was captured by various medieval states such as the Bulgarian, Byzantine and Serbian Empires as well as by noble Albanian families such as Gropa. It was most likely during the Bulgarian empires rule in Pogradec is when it gained its modern name. In the middle of 15th century the area became part of the League of Lezhë and after Skanderbeg's death in 1468, it was invaded by the Ottomans who kept it until Albania's Independence in 1912. During their occupation Pogradec was the center of the kaza of Starova and was developed as a small town of craftsmen and fishermen. When the Turkish traveler Evliya Celebi visited the area in 1662 he wrote that "Pogradec was a sweet city with red roofs, four neighborhoods, four mosques, two elementary schools, six hundred houses and one hundred and fifty shops".
During the second half of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century, Pogradec area played an important role in the Albanian National Renaissance. In 14 March 1887 the second Albanian language school was started here.
During WWI Pogradec became a battlefield divided between the enemy fronts. From 1914 until 1920 Austro-Hungarian, Serbian, Greek, Bulgarian and French armies, captured the city replacing each-other from time to time.
During WWII the city was first invaded by the Italian army in 12 April 1939. Italian occupation of Pogradec was interrupted due to Greco-Italian War and Greek troops occupied the city between 30 November 1940 and 14 April 1941. After Italy's capitulation in 1943 it was liberated by the Albanian partisans.
After the war the town was a favorite summer escape for many communist government officials and particularly Enver Hoxha. The summer residences and the area around them were sealed off from the public.
Geography
Further information: Albanian Ohrid Lake CoastPogradec is located at 40°54′N 20°39′E / 40.900°N 20.650°E / 40.900; 20.650, on the shore of the southwestern corner of the Lake of Ohrid between two mountain chains located in the north and east. The mountain chain of Mali i Thatë in the Prespa National Park rises in the east of the city and divides the region from the Lake of Prespa. Defined in an area of 584.77 km (226 sq mi), the municipality of Pogradec is encompassed in the county of Korçë within the Southern Region of Albania and consists of the adjacent administrative units of Buçimas, Çërravë, Dardhas, Proptisht, Trebinjë, Udenisht, Velçan and Pogradec as its seat.
Climate
The climate of the Lake Ohrid is classified as a local-continental type because of a microclime that is created in that area influenced by Mediterranean climate. The average annual rainfall in the Lake basin amount to approximately 730 mm.
Climate data for Pogradec | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 3 (37) |
8 (46) |
13 (55) |
17 (63) |
22 (72) |
27 (81) |
30 (86) |
30 (86) |
25 (77) |
19 (66) |
12 (54) |
5 (41) |
18 (64) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −5 (23) |
−3 (27) |
1 (34) |
5 (41) |
9 (48) |
12 (54) |
14 (57) |
14 (57) |
10 (50) |
7 (45) |
2 (36) |
−2 (28) |
5 (42) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 40.5 (1.59) |
38 (1.5) |
34.9 (1.37) |
53.1 (2.09) |
48.4 (1.91) |
29.2 (1.15) |
30.8 (1.21) |
29.2 (1.15) |
38.7 (1.52) |
53.4 (2.10) |
65.6 (2.58) |
73.5 (2.89) |
535.3 (21.06) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 12 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 103 |
Source: World Weather Online |
Economy
Pogradec is located about 139 km from Tirana, the capital city of Albania, 40 km from Korça, and 5 km from North Macedonia. Pogradec is the last railway station: Tirana - Durrës - Elbasan - Librazhd - Pogradec and located along SH3 road that passes through Devoll and continues to Greece. However, the train service now finishes at Elbasan, and parts of the line from there on are derelict. There are some proposals to revive the line and extend it to connect to the Greek railway network. Translake transport started on 15 June 2014 with a tourist ferry between Pogradec and Ohrid, but the service is sporadic and unreliable.
Culture
Pogradec is well known for its famous writers and poets such as Lasgush Poradeci and Mitrush Kuteli, and lately Luan Starova. Their works are a crucial part of Albanian literature.
The main characters of Luan Starova's cycle of novels, "The Balkan Saga", are the author's own parents and their family, who fled Pogradec for Macedonia during World War II. Separated from their old hometown and their relatives by the Albania-Yugoslavia border during the Enver Hoxha's era, they would often look at Pogradec through a binocular from the vantage point of Monastery of Saint Naum on the other side of the lake.
Pogradec is also the home of nationally and internationally acclaimed artist painters like Anastas Kostandini(Taso), Gjergji Lako, Gentian Zeka, Vangjo Vasili, Odhisea Dhima, Ilir Dhima, etc. All kinds of sports are practiced in town, especially by the youth.
Pogradec has a professional football team called KS Pogradeci. There are several varsity soccer teams mainly composed of high school students. Even volleyball and basketball are played competitively. During the summer, beach volleyball draws the attention of all the residents. Many professional volleyball teams from Albania and other Balkan countries participate in a championship which lasts about two weeks. Pogradeci team has been awarded the first prize several times. Other sports to mention are swimming and boxing. The boxing team, "Dragoi", is one of the top teams in the nation and has always trained champions.
Pogradec also has a rich folklore. Many songs and dances have been created throughout the centuries. Their themes are based on the beauty of the lake and a love for nature.
Some of the main recurring cultural events in the city are:
"Puppet Theater Festival" - Takes place every June. Participants vary from national to European level.
"Lake Day" - Takes place in 21 June. All the towns surrounding lake Ohrid (Pogradec, Ohrid and Struga) gather in a festival where local delicacies, including food and culture are showcased.
"Balkan Film Food Festival" - Takes place in September. Balkan movies, documentaries and culinary are showcased throughout the days of the festival.
"Wine Fest" - Takes place in December. Pogradec families compete together for the best homemade wine in the city. The days of the festival are accompanied by great food and live music.
Pogradec area is very rich in cultural and natural monuments among which can be mentioned
- Pogradec Castle
- 19th and 20th century historical center of the city of Pogradec
- Castle of Blace village
- Castle of Zemçë village
- Fortifications in the village of Slabinjë
- Prehistoric settlement of Zagradie in the village of Lin
- Bridge near the villages Jollë and Llëngë
- Bridge near the village of Golik
- Bridge near the village of Niçë
- Bridge near the village of Çezmë
- Bridge in the village of Zgallë
- Bridge in the village of Servatinë
- Terziu Bridge in the village of Proptisht
- Fortification in the village of Shpellë in Mokra
- St. Marina's Monastery in the village of Llëngë
- Paleo-Christian church and mosaics in the village of Lin
- Byzantine church in the village of Lin
- Mosaic in the village of Tushemisht
- Drilon water sources and swans park near Tushemisht
- Guri i Kamjes in Mokra
- The karstic cave and small lake inside it above the village of Hudenisht
Media
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (January 2023) |
Newspapers
- Nositi, founded 1998
Twin towns – sister cities
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in AlbaniaPogradec is twinned with:
References
- "Drejtuesit e Bashkise–Kryetari Bashkise" (in Albanian). Bashkia Pogradec. Archived from the original on 10 October 2020. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Institute of Statistics Albania.
- "Cities of Albania".
- "Albania: All places/communes".
- "Natural and Cultural Heritage of the Ohrid region". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Archived from the original on 10 October 2020. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
- "Les tombes de la Basse Selca" (in French). United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Archived from the original on 10 October 2020. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
- Slavistische Forschungen, Volume 24, Böhlau, 1978, p. 259, ISBN 3412012785.
- "Osmanli Tatarân Teşkilât'i (in Turkish)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-24. Retrieved 2011-05-23.
- Osman Vilayets (in Turkish)
- ^ Pillati, Arjola (15 January 2013). "E ardhmja e turizmit në qytetin e Pogradecit" (PDF) (in Albanian). Aleksandër Moisiu University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 October 2020. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
- "Bashkia Pogradec". Albanian Association of Municipalities (AAM). Archived from the original on 10 October 2020. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
- "A new Urban–Rural Classification of Albanian Population" (PDF). Instituti i Statistikës (INSTAT). May 2014. p. 15. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 November 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
- "Law nr. 115/2014" (PDF) (in Albanian). pp. 6372–6373. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
- World Weather Online
- The theme repeats e.g. throughout The Museum of Atheism
- "ПРИЈАТЕЛСКИ И ЗБРАТИМЕНИ ГРАДОВИ - Ohrid.gov.mk" (in Macedonian). Retrieved 2021-09-04.
- Wismar, Stadt. "Städtepartnerschaften". Hansestadt Wismar. Retrieved 2021-09-04.
External links
- bashkiapogradec.gov.al – Official Website (in Albanian)
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