| Revision as of 03:15, 8 August 2020 editMdw0 (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users5,985 edits How can gold have been discovered in 1925 when teh revious paragraph has discoveries in tehe 1890s?← Previous edit | Latest revision as of 17:46, 6 January 2025 edit undoIgorgerlovin3185 (talk | contribs)24 editsm →Climate | ||
| (39 intermediate revisions by 26 users not shown) | |||
| Line 23: | Line 23: | ||
| |map_caption = | |map_caption = | ||
| |pushpin_map = Canada Ontario | |pushpin_map = Canada Ontario | ||
| |pushpin_mapsize = |
|pushpin_mapsize = | ||
| |subdivision_type = Country | |subdivision_type = Country | ||
| |subdivision_name = Canada | |subdivision_name = Canada | ||
| Line 34: | Line 34: | ||
| |leader_name = Fred Mota | |leader_name = Fred Mota | ||
| |leader_title1 =] | |leader_title1 =] | ||
| |leader_name1 =] (]) | |leader_name1 =] (]) | ||
| |leader_title2 =] | |leader_title2 =] | ||
| |leader_name2 =] (]) | |leader_name2 =] (]) | ||
| |established_title = Settled | |established_title = Settled | ||
| |established_date = 1926 | |established_date = 1926 | ||
| Line 44: | Line 44: | ||
| |established_date3 = | |established_date3 = | ||
| |area_magnitude = | |area_magnitude = | ||
| |area_footnotes = <ref name=SCref21>{{SCref |year=2021 |unit=csd |code={{#property:P3012}} |access-date=2025-01-03}}</ref> | |||
| |area_footnotes = <ref name="census2016">{{cite web | url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=3560042&Geo2=CD&Code2=3560&Data=Count&SearchText=red%20lake&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1 | title=Census Profile | publisher=Statistics Canada |work=] | accessdate=20 January 2018}}</ref> | |||
| |area_total_km2 = | |area_total_km2 = | ||
| |area_land_km2 = |
|area_land_km2 = 602.93 | ||
| |area_water_km2 = | |area_water_km2 = | ||
| |area_water_percent = | |area_water_percent = | ||
| |population_as_of = |
|population_as_of = 2021 | ||
| |population_footnotes = <ref name= |
|population_footnotes = <ref name=SCref21/> | ||
| |population_note = | |population_note = | ||
| |population_total = |
|population_total = 4094 | ||
| |population_density_km2 = 6. |
|population_density_km2 = 6.8 | ||
| |timezone = ] | |timezone = ] | ||
| |utc_offset = −06:00 | |utc_offset = −06:00 | ||
| |timezone_DST = CDT | |timezone_DST = CDT | ||
| |utc_offset_DST = −05:00 | |utc_offset_DST = −05:00 | ||
| |coordinates = {{coord|51| |
|coordinates = {{coord|51|01|07|N|93|48|34|W|region:CA-ON|notes=<ref>{{Cite cgndb|FCKDP|Red Lake}}</ref>|display=inline,title}} | ||
| |elevation_footnotes = <ref name="climate"/> | |elevation_footnotes = <ref name="climate"/> | ||
| |elevation_m = 385.90 | |elevation_m = 385.90 | ||
| Line 64: | Line 64: | ||
| |postal_code = P0V | |postal_code = P0V | ||
| |area_code = ] | |area_code = ] | ||
| |website = |
|website = {{Official URL}} | ||
| |footnotes = | |footnotes = | ||
| }} | }} | ||
| '''Red Lake''' is a municipality with town status in the ] of ], located {{Convert|535|km|abbr=on}} northwest of ] and less than {{ |
'''Red Lake''' is a municipality with town status in the ] of ], located {{Convert|535|km|abbr=on}} northwest of ] and less than {{convert|100|km}} from the ] border. The municipality consists of six small communities (Balmertown, Cochenour, Madsen, McKenzie Island, Red Lake, and Starratt-Olsen)<ref name="CanEncyc">{{cite web |author1=Matt Bray |title=Red Lake |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/red-lake |website=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca |publisher=The Canadian Encyclopedia |access-date=3 January 2025 |language=en |date=28 June 2022}}</ref> and had a population of 4,094 people in the ]. | ||
| Red Lake is an enclave within ]. The municipality was formed on 1 July 1998, when the former incorporated townships of Golden and Red Lake were merged along with a small portion of Unorganized Kenora District. | Red Lake is an enclave within ]. The municipality was formed on 1 July 1998, when the former incorporated townships of Golden and Red Lake were merged along with a small portion of Unorganized Kenora District.<ref name="CanEncyc"/> | ||
| The name of the town comes from a local legend telling of two men from the ] tribe who stumbled across a large moose. The men proceeded to kill the moose, the blood of which drained into a nearby lake. The blood turned the lake's waters red in colour, ultimately giving the area its name.<ref name=":0" /> The name appears on the Bouchette map of 1875, and was officially approved on |
The name of the town comes from a local legend telling of two men from the ] tribe who stumbled across a large moose. The men proceeded to kill the moose, the blood of which drained into a nearby lake. The blood turned the lake's waters red in colour, ultimately giving the area its name.<ref name=":0" /> The name appears on the Bouchette map of 1875, and was officially approved on 7 December 1909.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Hamilton|first=William|title=The Macmillan Book of Canadian Place Names|publisher=Macmillan|year=1978|isbn=0-7715-9754-1|location=Toronto|pages=168}}</ref> | ||
| ==History== | ==History== | ||
| Line 79: | Line 79: | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| According to archeological surveys in the area, it is proposed that] people have inhabited the Red Lake area for 2,000 years. The first people to live on the land were members of the ] and ] tribes. ] people began to inhabit the area approximately |
According to archeological surveys in the area, it is proposed that ] people have inhabited the Red Lake area for 2,000 years. The first people to live on the land were members of the ] and ] tribes. ] people began to inhabit the area approximately 200–300 years ago, effectively becoming the predominant people at the time.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url = http://www.chukuni.com/article/red-lake-history-247.asp|title = Red Lake History}}</ref> | ||
| In 1790, the ] established a trading post at Red Lake as an outpost of ]. The post, also known as Lake Rouge, Red Paint Lake, or Asa-tena-a-sat, operated periodically until 1806. In 1815, it was reopened and became the seat of HBC's Red Lake District, but in 1822, it closed again.<ref name=HBC>{{cite web |title=Hudson's Bay Company: Red Lake |url=https://pam.minisisinc.com/scripts/mwimain.dll/144/PAM_AUTHORITY/AUTH_DESC_DET_REP/SISN%2016?sessionsearch |website=pam.minisisinc.com |publisher=Archives of Manitoba - Keystone Archives Descriptive Database |access-date=3 January 2025}}</ref> | |||
| ⚫ | In 1897, the R.J. Gilbert expedition discovered gold and staked eight claims. These claims were surveyed by |
||
| ⚫ | In 1897, the R.J. Gilbert expedition discovered gold and staked eight claims. These claims were surveyed by James Tyrrell, brother of ], as well as a rock sample from an {{Convert|8|m}} shaft ] 0.6 ounces gold per ton. However, the remoteness of the site precluded further exploration until 1922. A report by ] geologist and former head of geology at ] Dr. Everend Lester Bruce indicated gold-bearing ] was to be found in the ] around the lake. Fred Carroll then staked what would become the Cochenour-Willans Mine, and Herbert Tyrell staked what would become McMarmac Mine to the north of the Cochenour Willans mine. In 1925, Lorne and Ray Howey, along with brother-in-law George McNeely, plus W.F. Morgan staked claims which became the Howey and Hasaga Mines. Marius Madsen staked claims which became the Madsen Mine. The McDonough brothers staked the future Red Lake Gold Shore Mines.<ref name="Barnes1">{{cite book|last1=Barnes|first1=Michael|title=Gold in Ontario|date=1995|publisher=The Boston Mills Press|location=Erin|isbn=155046146X|pages=65–73}}</ref> | ||
| ⚫ | The town experienced a sudden surge of economic, industrial |
||
| ⚫ | The town experienced a sudden surge of economic, industrial and population growth with the development of the gold mines. By 1936, Red Lake's Howey Bay airport was the busiest in the world, with more flights landing and taking off per hour than any other.<ref name="richthammer" /> | ||
| ⚫ | By 1941, the Howey Mine had produced 421,592 ounces of gold. |
||
| ⚫ | By 1941, the Howey Mine had produced 421,592 ounces of gold. Hasaga Gold Mines produced 218,213 ounces over 14 years. McKenzie Red Lake Gold Mines produced 651,156 ounces by 1966, the Madsen Mine produced 2,416,609 ounces by 1976, and the Cochenour-Willans Mine produced 1,244,279 ounces by 1971. Jack Hammell developed Uchi Lake which produced 114,467 ounces by 1943. H. Dewitt Smith developed the Berens River, which produced 157,341 ounces by 1948. George Campbell started the second Red Lake gold rush in 1949 with the development of Campbell Red Lake Mines. It produced a peak of 300,472 ounces in 1993, the same year cumulative production reached 8,000,000 ounces. The Dickenson Red Lake Gold Mine had produced 3,000,000 ounces of gold by 1993.<ref name=Barnes1/> | ||
| ⚫ | In 1995 ], owners of the ], discovered that it contains the world's richest grade gold ore (two ]s of gold per ]). Shortly thereafter, the mine suffered through a four-year-long ]. |
||
| In 1960, the Township of Red Lake was incorporated, and in 1985, the nearby Township of Golden was established.<ref name="CanEncyc"/> | |||
| ⚫ | ==Demographics== | ||
| ⚫ | In 1995 ], the then owners of the ], discovered that it contains the world's richest grade gold ore (two ]s of gold per ]). Shortly thereafter, the mine suffered through a four-year-long ]. In 2004, the site was declared the richest gold mine in the world.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Joyce |first1=David |last2=McGibbon |first2=Stephen |date=2004 |title=Red Lake Mine: The Richest Gold Mine in the World |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00357529.2004.9925684?journalCode=vram20#:~:text=Based%20on%20the%20very%20high,a%20legacy%20of%20this%20orebody. |journal=Rocks & Minerals |volume=79 |pages=94–99|doi=10.1080/00357529.2004.9925684 |s2cid=129771092 }}</ref> | ||
| On July 1, 1998, the Townships of Red Lake and Golden, along with the unorganized territory governed by the Madsen local services board, were amalgamated and became the Municipality of Red Lake.<ref name="CanEncyc"/> | |||
| ⚫ | == Demographics == | ||
| In the ] conducted by ], Red Lake had a population of {{val|4094|fmt=commas}} living in {{val|1703|fmt=commas}} of its {{val|1899|fmt=commas}} total private dwellings, a change of {{percentage|{{#expr:4094-4107}}|4107|1}} from its 2016 population of {{val|4107|fmt=commas}}. With a land area of {{convert|602.93|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, it had a population density of {{Pop density|4094|602.93|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} in 2021.<ref name=SCref21/> | |||
| {{Canada census | {{Canada census | ||
| |location = Red Lake | |||
| ⚫ | |2016_population=4,107 | 2016_pop_delta= |
||
| |2021_population=4,094 | 2021_pop_delta=−0.3 | 2021_land_area=602.93 | 2021_pop_density=6.8 | |||
| |2021_median_age=38.4 | 2021_median_age_m=38.0 | 2021_median_age_f=38.8 | |||
| |2021_total_pvt_dwell=1,899 |2021_occ_pvt_dwell=1,703 |2021_mean_hh_income=111,000 |2021_geocode=2021A00053560042 | 2021_access_date=2022-04-27 | |||
| ⚫ | |2016_population=4,107 | 2016_pop_delta=−12.1 | 2016_land_area=610.06 | 2016_pop_density=6.7 | ||
| |2016_median_age=38.0 | 2016_median_age_m=37.7 | 2016_median_age_f=38.4 | |2016_median_age=38.0 | 2016_median_age_m=37.7 | 2016_median_age_f=38.4 | ||
| |2016_total_pvt_dwell=1,938 | 2016_mean_hh_income=106,411 | 2016_access_date=2019-06-06 | |2016_total_pvt_dwell=1,938 | 2016_mean_hh_income=106,411 | 2016_access_date=2019-06-06 | ||
| |2011_population=4,670<ref name=2011censuscorrection>{{cite web | url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/news-nouvelles/corr/cgen004-eng.cfm | title=Corrections and updates | publisher=Statistics Canada | date=19 September 2012 | |
|2011_population=4,670<ref name=2011censuscorrection>{{cite web | url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/news-nouvelles/corr/cgen004-eng.cfm | title=Corrections and updates | publisher=Statistics Canada | date=19 September 2012 | access-date=12 October 2012}}</ref> | 2011_pop_delta=+3.5 <!--(corrected population of 4,670–2006 population of 4526) / 2006 population of 4526--> | 2011_land_area=610.38 | 2011_pop_density=7.7 <!--corrected population of 4,670 / 610.38 km²--> | ||
| |2011_median_age=38.1 | 2011_median_age_m=38.3 | 2011_median_age_f=37.9 | |2011_median_age=38.1 | 2011_median_age_m=38.3 | 2011_median_age_f=37.9 | ||
| |2011_total_pvt_dwell=2,135<ref name=2011censuscorrection/> | 2011_mean_hh_income= | 2011_access_date=2012-04-03 | |2011_total_pvt_dwell=2,135<ref name=2011censuscorrection/> | 2011_mean_hh_income= | 2011_access_date=2012-04-03 | ||
| Line 106: | Line 117: | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| {{Historical populations | {{Historical populations | ||
| |title = {{Nowrap|Historical census populations –}} Red Lake, Ontario | |||
| |align= |
|align=none | ||
| |footnote=<ref>Statistics Canada: ], ], ] census</ref><ref name=2011censuscorrection/><ref name="census2016"/> | |||
| |cols = 2 | |||
| |]| 4778 | |||
| |footnote= Population counts prior to 1998 are for Red Lake Township. | |||
| ⚫ | |]| 4233 | ||
| |source = Statistics Canada<ref name=SCref21/><ref name=2011censuscorrection/><ref name=census1971>{{cite journal |title=1971 Census of Canada - Population Census Subdivisions (Historical) |journal=Catalogue 92-702 Vol I, part 1 (Bulletin 1.1-2) |date=July 1973 |pages=76, 139 |publisher=Statistics Canada}}</ref> | |||
| ⚫ | |]| 4526 | ||
| | 1956 |2042 | |||
| ⚫ | |]| 4670 | ||
| | 1961 |2419 | |||
| ⚫ | |]| 4107 | ||
| | 1966 |2476 | |||
| | 1971 |2170 | |||
| | 1976 |2264 | |||
| | 1981 |2120 | |||
| | 1986 |2166 | |||
| | 1991 |2268 | |||
| |]| 2277 | |||
| ⚫ | |]| 4233 | ||
| ⚫ | |]| 4526 | ||
| ⚫ | |]| 4670 | ||
| ⚫ | |]| 4107 | ||
| |]| 4094 | |||
| }} | }} | ||
| Populations prior to amalgamation (1998): | |||
| * Population total in 1996: 4,778 | |||
| ** Golden (township): 2,248 | |||
| ** Red Lake (township): 2,277 | |||
| * Population in 1991: | |||
| ** Golden (township): 2,355 | |||
| ** Red Lake (township): 2,268 | |||
| ==Climate== | ==Climate== | ||
| The climate of the area is ] (] ''Dfb''). Snow usually starts falling around late October or early November, and starts melting around March but is not normally fully melted until late April, whilst late-season snow in May is not rare. This long winter is ideal for the local snowmobilers and for ice fishing, although the wind is often very cold and temperatures may drop to below {{convert|−35|C}}. During winter, residents and visitors participate in snowmobiling, ice fishing, skiing, ice hockey, and downhill sliding. | The climate of the area is ] (] ''Dfb''), featuring short, warm summers and bitterly cold winters. Snow usually starts falling around late October or early November, and starts melting around March but is not normally fully melted until late April, whilst late-season snow in May is not rare. This long winter is ideal for the local snowmobilers and for ice fishing, although the wind is often very cold and temperatures may drop to below {{convert|−35|C}}. During winter, residents and visitors participate in snowmobiling, ice fishing, skiing, ice hockey, and downhill sliding. | ||
| During the summer, the area experiences a moderate climate with little humidity, which is ideal for fishing, camping, boating, canoeing, and hiking. | During the summer, the area experiences a moderate climate with little humidity, which is ideal for fishing, camping, boating, canoeing, and hiking. | ||
| Line 132: | Line 147: | ||
| |metric first = Y | |metric first = Y | ||
| |single line = Y | |single line = Y | ||
| |collapsed = N | |||
| |Jan maximum humidex = 5.8 | |Jan maximum humidex = 5.8 | ||
| |Feb maximum humidex = 8.8 | |Feb maximum humidex = 8.8 | ||
| Line 265: | Line 279: | ||
| |Nov snow cm = 42.9 | |Nov snow cm = 42.9 | ||
| |Dec snow cm = 39.4 | |Dec snow cm = 39.4 | ||
| |precip days colour = green | |||
| |unit precipitation days = 0.2 mm | |unit precipitation days = 0.2 mm | ||
| |Jan precipitation days = 13.8 | |Jan precipitation days = 13.8 | ||
| Line 335: | Line 348: | ||
| | title = Red Lake A | | title = Red Lake A | ||
| | work = Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 | | work = Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 | ||
| | |
| date=31 October 2011 | access-date = 9 April 2014}}</ref> | ||
| |date=August 2010 | |date=August 2010 | ||
| }} | }} | ||
| Line 350: | Line 363: | ||
| ==Attractions== | ==Attractions== | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| Red Lake has the Red Lake Regional Heritage Centre, a museum of local art and history, and is close to ] and ]. Some local restaurants are Antonio's, Spud&Dog, and The Howey. Red Lake is a prime location for summer sport fishing, as the lake contains several types of fish including ], ], ], ] and ]. Other popular recreational summer activities include golfing at the Red Lake Golf and Country Club, swimming at Rahill and Kinsmen Beach, and even exploring the many bays and arms of Red Lake by boat. | Red Lake has the Red Lake Regional Heritage Centre, a museum of local art and history, and is close to ] and ]. Some local restaurants are Antonio's, Spud&Dog, and The Howey. Red Lake is a prime location for summer sport fishing, as the lake contains several types of fish including ], ], ], ] and ]. Other popular recreational summer activities include golfing at the Red Lake Golf and Country Club, swimming at Rahill and Kinsmen Beach, and even exploring the many bays and arms of Red Lake by boat.{{citation needed|date=December 2021}} | ||
| Hunting is another activity in the region that attracts tourism, especially during the fall season. Red Lake is known for its abundance of game in the District, including ], ], ], ], and ]. Some citizens even participate in the fur industry with established trapping lines interspersed throughout the local forests. The ], ], ], ], and many bird species also inhabit the area. | Hunting is another activity in the region that attracts tourism, especially during the fall season. Red Lake is known for its abundance of game in the District, including ], ], ], ], and ]. Some citizens even participate in the fur industry with established trapping lines interspersed throughout the local forests. The ], ], ], ], and many bird species also inhabit the area.{{citation needed|date=December 2021}} | ||
| ==Notable people== | ==Notable people== | ||
| *] (born 1958 in Red Lake), biochemist | |||
| *], documentary filmmaker who profiled the community in his 2015 film '']''<ref>Ian Ross, . '']'', June 30, 2015.</ref> | |||
| *], television actress | *], television actress | ||
| *], mining engineer | *], mining engineer | ||
| *], clothing designer | *], clothing designer | ||
| *], renowned ] artist sometimes called the "Father of Woodland Art" | *], renowned ] artist sometimes called the "Father of Woodland Art" | ||
| *], pairs figure skater with ], 2-time World champion (2015, 2016), 2-time Olympian (2014, 2018), Olympic Team Silver |
*], pairs figure skater with ], 2-time World champion (2015, 2016), 2-time Olympian (2014, 2018), Olympic Team Silver medallist (2014), Olympic Team Gold medallist (2018), and individual pairs Olympic Bronze medallist (2018)<ref name="CBC201806">{{cite news |last1=Heroux |first1=Devin |title=Hometown Pride: Eric Radford is now a hero in the place where he was bullied as a kid |url=https://www.cbc.ca/sports/olympics/figureskating/eric-radford-hometown-pride-1.4716369 |access-date=23 June 2018 |work=CBC Sports: Figure Skating |publisher=CBC Sports |date=22 June 2018}}</ref> | ||
| *], poet and author | *], poet and author | ||
| ==Media== | ==Media== | ||
| ===Print=== | |||
| ⚫ | * ''The Northern Sun News'' was a weekly broadsheet newspaper serving Red Lake and the surrounding Northern Communities. It had a circulation of 1600. On 28 August 2015, it announced via ] that its last issue would be 2 September 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/thenorthernsunnews/posts/879424392139057|title=The Northern Sun News|website=www.facebook.com| |
||
| ⚫ | * ''The Northern Sun News'' was a weekly broadsheet newspaper serving Red Lake and the surrounding Northern Communities. It had a circulation of 1600. On 28 August 2015, it announced via ] that its last issue would be 2 September 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/thenorthernsunnews/posts/879424392139057|title=The Northern Sun News|website=www.facebook.com|access-date=17 April 2018}}</ref> | ||
| ===Radio stations=== | |||
| * FM 90.5 - ], ] | |||
| * FM 97.1 – ], ] radio | * FM 97.1 – ], ] radio | ||
| ===Defunct radio stations=== | |||
| * AM 1340 - CKRE was a former rebroadcaster of the now currently operating ] in ]. It originally applied for 99.5 FM in 1980. <ref>, ''CRTC'', page 746, January 15, 1980</ref> <ref> - ]</ref> | |||
| * FM 95.1 - CFRI-FM was a radio station in Red Lake that received approval in 2000 from the CRTC to operate a new FM community radio station on the frequency of 95.1 MHz <ref>, New FM radio programming undertaking, ''CRTC'', September 15, 2000</ref> with an extension of time limit to get the station on the air in 2001. <ref></ref> Its uncertain if the station had ever launched or when it left the air. No known license renewals were issued for CFRI-FM Red Lake. | |||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| *] | *] | ||
| ⚫ | *] | ||
| ⚫ | *] | ||
| ⚫ | *] | ||
| *] | *] | ||
| *] | *] | ||
| ⚫ | *] | ||
| ⚫ | *] | ||
| ⚫ | *] | ||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| Line 379: | Line 405: | ||
| ==External links== | ==External links== | ||
| {{Commons category|Red Lake, Ontario}} | {{Commons category|Red Lake, Ontario}} | ||
| *{{official|http://www.red-lake.com}} | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| {{Geographic location | {{Geographic location | ||
| Line 396: | Line 421: | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | |||
Latest revision as of 17:46, 6 January 2025
Municipality in Ontario, Canada
| Red Lake | |
|---|---|
| Municipality (single-tier) | |
| Municipality of Red Lake | |
 | |
  Red Lake | |
| Coordinates: 51°01′07″N 93°48′34″W / 51.01861°N 93.80944°W / 51.01861; -93.80944 | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Ontario |
| District | Kenora |
| Settled | 1926 |
| Formed | 1 July 1998 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Town |
| • Mayor | Fred Mota |
| • MP | Eric Melillo (CPC) |
| • MPP | Sol Mamakwa (ONDP) |
| Area | |
| • Land | 602.93 km (232.79 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 385.90 m (1,266.08 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 4,094 |
| • Density | 6.8/km (18/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC−06:00 (CST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−05:00 (CDT) |
| Postal code FSA | P0V |
| Area code | 807 |
| Website | www |
Red Lake is a municipality with town status in the Canadian province of Ontario, located 535 km (332 mi) northwest of Thunder Bay and less than 100 kilometres (62 mi) from the Manitoba border. The municipality consists of six small communities (Balmertown, Cochenour, Madsen, McKenzie Island, Red Lake, and Starratt-Olsen) and had a population of 4,094 people in the 2021 Canadian census.
Red Lake is an enclave within Unorganized Kenora District. The municipality was formed on 1 July 1998, when the former incorporated townships of Golden and Red Lake were merged along with a small portion of Unorganized Kenora District.
The name of the town comes from a local legend telling of two men from the Chippewa tribe who stumbled across a large moose. The men proceeded to kill the moose, the blood of which drained into a nearby lake. The blood turned the lake's waters red in colour, ultimately giving the area its name. The name appears on the Bouchette map of 1875, and was officially approved on 7 December 1909.
History
.jpg)
According to archeological surveys in the area, it is proposed that First Nations people have inhabited the Red Lake area for 2,000 years. The first people to live on the land were members of the Sioux and Cree tribes. Ojibwe people began to inhabit the area approximately 200–300 years ago, effectively becoming the predominant people at the time.
In 1790, the Hudson's Bay Company established a trading post at Red Lake as an outpost of Osnaburgh House. The post, also known as Lake Rouge, Red Paint Lake, or Asa-tena-a-sat, operated periodically until 1806. In 1815, it was reopened and became the seat of HBC's Red Lake District, but in 1822, it closed again.
In 1897, the R.J. Gilbert expedition discovered gold and staked eight claims. These claims were surveyed by James Tyrrell, brother of Joseph Tyrrell, as well as a rock sample from an 8 metres (26 ft) shaft assayed 0.6 ounces gold per ton. However, the remoteness of the site precluded further exploration until 1922. A report by Department of Mines geologist and former head of geology at Queen's University Dr. Everend Lester Bruce indicated gold-bearing quartz was to be found in the greenstone around the lake. Fred Carroll then staked what would become the Cochenour-Willans Mine, and Herbert Tyrell staked what would become McMarmac Mine to the north of the Cochenour Willans mine. In 1925, Lorne and Ray Howey, along with brother-in-law George McNeely, plus W.F. Morgan staked claims which became the Howey and Hasaga Mines. Marius Madsen staked claims which became the Madsen Mine. The McDonough brothers staked the future Red Lake Gold Shore Mines.
The town experienced a sudden surge of economic, industrial and population growth with the development of the gold mines. By 1936, Red Lake's Howey Bay airport was the busiest in the world, with more flights landing and taking off per hour than any other.
By 1941, the Howey Mine had produced 421,592 ounces of gold. Hasaga Gold Mines produced 218,213 ounces over 14 years. McKenzie Red Lake Gold Mines produced 651,156 ounces by 1966, the Madsen Mine produced 2,416,609 ounces by 1976, and the Cochenour-Willans Mine produced 1,244,279 ounces by 1971. Jack Hammell developed Uchi Lake which produced 114,467 ounces by 1943. H. Dewitt Smith developed the Berens River, which produced 157,341 ounces by 1948. George Campbell started the second Red Lake gold rush in 1949 with the development of Campbell Red Lake Mines. It produced a peak of 300,472 ounces in 1993, the same year cumulative production reached 8,000,000 ounces. The Dickenson Red Lake Gold Mine had produced 3,000,000 ounces of gold by 1993.
In 1960, the Township of Red Lake was incorporated, and in 1985, the nearby Township of Golden was established.
In 1995 Goldcorp, the then owners of the Red Lake Mine, discovered that it contains the world's richest grade gold ore (two troy ounces of gold per metric ton). Shortly thereafter, the mine suffered through a four-year-long miners' strike. In 2004, the site was declared the richest gold mine in the world.
On July 1, 1998, the Townships of Red Lake and Golden, along with the unorganized territory governed by the Madsen local services board, were amalgamated and became the Municipality of Red Lake.
Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Red Lake had a population of 4,094 living in 1,703 of its 1,899 total private dwellings, a change of -0.3% from its 2016 population of 4,107. With a land area of 602.93 km (232.79 sq mi), it had a population density of 6.8/km (17.6/sq mi) in 2021.
Canada census – Red Lake community profile| 2021 | 2016 | 2011 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 4,094 (−0.3% from 2016) | 4,107 (−12.1% from 2011) | 4,670 (+3.5% from 2006) |
| Land area | 602.93 km (232.79 sq mi) | 610.06 km (235.55 sq mi) | 610.38 km (235.67 sq mi) |
| Population density | 6.8/km (18/sq mi) | 6.7/km (17/sq mi) | 7.7/km (20/sq mi) |
| Median age | 38.4 (M: 38.0, F: 38.8) | 38.0 (M: 37.7, F: 38.4) | 38.1 (M: 38.3, F: 37.9) |
| Private dwellings | 1,899 (total) 1,703 (occupied) | 1,938 (total) | 2,135 (total) |
| Median household income | $111,000 | $106,411 |
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Population counts prior to 1998 are for Red Lake Township. Source: Statistics Canada | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Climate
The climate of the area is warm-summer humid continental (Köppen Dfb), featuring short, warm summers and bitterly cold winters. Snow usually starts falling around late October or early November, and starts melting around March but is not normally fully melted until late April, whilst late-season snow in May is not rare. This long winter is ideal for the local snowmobilers and for ice fishing, although the wind is often very cold and temperatures may drop to below −35 °C (−31 °F). During winter, residents and visitors participate in snowmobiling, ice fishing, skiing, ice hockey, and downhill sliding.
During the summer, the area experiences a moderate climate with little humidity, which is ideal for fishing, camping, boating, canoeing, and hiking.
| Climate data for Red Lake Airport (1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high humidex | 5.8 | 8.8 | 15.8 | 27.6 | 37.3 | 42.8 | 43.9 | 42.3 | 38.9 | 28.4 | 17.8 | 6.3 | 43.9 |
| Record high °C (°F) | 14.8 (58.6) |
9.5 (49.1) |
17.2 (63.0) |
30.6 (87.1) |
32.7 (90.9) |
37.2 (99.0) |
35.8 (96.4) |
36.1 (97.0) |
33.2 (91.8) |
27.2 (81.0) |
18.3 (64.9) |
8.9 (48.0) |
37.2 (99.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −12.7 (9.1) |
−8.6 (16.5) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
8.6 (47.5) |
16.0 (60.8) |
21.1 (70.0) |
23.8 (74.8) |
22.7 (72.9) |
16.0 (60.8) |
7.8 (46.0) |
−2 (28) |
−10.5 (13.1) |
6.8 (44.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −18.3 (−0.9) |
−15 (5) |
−7.4 (18.7) |
2.2 (36.0) |
9.6 (49.3) |
15.1 (59.2) |
18.1 (64.6) |
17.0 (62.6) |
11.0 (51.8) |
3.7 (38.7) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
−15.3 (4.5) |
1.3 (34.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −23.9 (−11.0) |
−21.3 (−6.3) |
−13.9 (7.0) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
3.1 (37.6) |
9.1 (48.4) |
12.4 (54.3) |
11.4 (52.5) |
5.9 (42.6) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
−9.4 (15.1) |
−20 (−4) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −45.6 (−50.1) |
−45.7 (−50.3) |
−39.6 (−39.3) |
−28.8 (−19.8) |
−12.2 (10.0) |
−3 (27) |
1.5 (34.7) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−15.8 (3.6) |
−38.7 (−37.7) |
−43.9 (−47.0) |
−45.7 (−50.3) |
| Record low wind chill | −55.5 | −54 | −44.3 | −32.2 | −22.2 | −4.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | −13.7 | −20.5 | −39.7 | −50.7 | −55.5 |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 26.8 (1.06) |
17.3 (0.68) |
28.4 (1.12) |
34.0 (1.34) |
73.4 (2.89) |
99.0 (3.90) |
103.4 (4.07) |
88.3 (3.48) |
83.0 (3.27) |
59.7 (2.35) |
42.9 (1.69) |
30.2 (1.19) |
686.4 (27.02) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 0.3 (0.01) |
1.3 (0.05) |
6.9 (0.27) |
17.7 (0.70) |
66.9 (2.63) |
98.8 (3.89) |
103.4 (4.07) |
88.3 (3.48) |
82.0 (3.23) |
40.9 (1.61) |
8.4 (0.33) |
0.7 (0.03) |
515.7 (20.30) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 35.5 (14.0) |
22.1 (8.7) |
26.0 (10.2) |
18.2 (7.2) |
7.0 (2.8) |
0.3 (0.1) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
1.1 (0.4) |
21.1 (8.3) |
42.9 (16.9) |
39.4 (15.5) |
213.6 (84.1) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 13.8 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 8.6 | 13.2 | 15.8 | 15.2 | 13.7 | 14.9 | 15.0 | 14.7 | 15.2 | 160.7 |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 0.60 | 0.80 | 2.5 | 5.3 | 12.4 | 15.8 | 15.2 | 13.7 | 14.6 | 10.7 | 3.0 | 0.83 | 95.43 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) | 15.1 | 11.3 | 9.8 | 4.9 | 1.7 | 0.10 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.97 | 6.7 | 14.3 | 16.4 | 81.27 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 103.6 | 125.0 | 178.9 | 224.8 | 253.8 | 246.9 | 269.5 | 254.3 | 168.3 | 110.0 | 65.1 | 82.1 | 2,082.3 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 39.5 | 44.4 | 48.7 | 54.3 | 52.7 | 50.0 | 54.1 | 56.7 | 44.3 | 33.0 | 24.2 | 33.1 | 44.5 |
| Source: Environment Canada | |||||||||||||
Economy
The three primary sources of employment in Red Lake are support services for the numerous mines surrounding the town, small scale logging and a tourism sector specializing in hunting and fishing. It is known as the "Norseman Capital of the World", referring to the Noorduyn Norseman aircraft which played a significant role in the development of the area.
Transportation
Red Lake is located at the northern terminus of Highway 105, and is the northernmost town in Ontario that is located on a primary King's Highway. A short spur route, Highway 125, extends northerly from Highway 105 to the communities of Balmertown, Cochenour and McKenzie Island, while Highway 618 extends westerly from Highway 105 to the communities of Madsen and Starratt-Olsen. Only one highway in the province, the secondary Highway 599, extends further north than the terminus of Highway 125.
The town acts as a cargo, passenger, and tourism hub for Northwestern Ontario. With Pickle Lake, Red Lake services over twenty northern fly-in communities. Today, Red Lake Airport is a "mini-hub" facilitating travel to and from all northern communities in Northwestern Ontario. Four airway companies take advantage of Red Lake's close proximity to the northern communities. North Star Air, Bearskin Airlines, Superior Airways, and Wasaya Airways all operate out of "YRL".
Attractions
Red Lake has the Red Lake Regional Heritage Centre, a museum of local art and history, and is close to Woodland Caribou Provincial Park and Pakwash Provincial Park. Some local restaurants are Antonio's, Spud&Dog, and The Howey. Red Lake is a prime location for summer sport fishing, as the lake contains several types of fish including walleye, northern pike, lake trout, whitefish and sauger. Other popular recreational summer activities include golfing at the Red Lake Golf and Country Club, swimming at Rahill and Kinsmen Beach, and even exploring the many bays and arms of Red Lake by boat.
Hunting is another activity in the region that attracts tourism, especially during the fall season. Red Lake is known for its abundance of game in the District, including moose, ruffed grouse, spruce grouse, duck, and bear. Some citizens even participate in the fur industry with established trapping lines interspersed throughout the local forests. The gray wolf, white-tailed deer, red fox, beaver, and many bird species also inhabit the area.
Notable people
- Philip Beachy (born 1958 in Red Lake), biochemist
- Cliff Caines, documentary filmmaker who profiled the community in his 2015 film A Rock and a Hard Place
- Kristen Hager, television actress
- Karl Brooks Heisey, mining engineer
- Linda Lundström, clothing designer
- Norval Morrisseau, renowned Anishinabe artist sometimes called the "Father of Woodland Art"
- Eric Radford, pairs figure skater with Meghan Duhamel, 2-time World champion (2015, 2016), 2-time Olympian (2014, 2018), Olympic Team Silver medallist (2014), Olympic Team Gold medallist (2018), and individual pairs Olympic Bronze medallist (2018)
- Eleonore Schönmaier, poet and author
Media
- The Northern Sun News was a weekly broadsheet newspaper serving Red Lake and the surrounding Northern Communities. It had a circulation of 1600. On 28 August 2015, it announced via Facebook that its last issue would be 2 September 2015.
Radio stations
- FM 90.5 - CBEA-FM, CBC Radio One
- FM 97.1 – CKDR-FM-5, adult contemporary radio
Defunct radio stations
- AM 1340 - CKRE was a former rebroadcaster of the now currently operating CKDR-FM in Dryden. It originally applied for 99.5 FM in 1980.
- FM 95.1 - CFRI-FM was a radio station in Red Lake that received approval in 2000 from the CRTC to operate a new FM community radio station on the frequency of 95.1 MHz with an extension of time limit to get the station on the air in 2001. Its uncertain if the station had ever launched or when it left the air. No known license renewals were issued for CFRI-FM Red Lake.
See also
- Cobalt silver rush
- Greenstone, Ontario
- Hemlo, Ontario
- Kirkland Lake, Ontario
- Matachewan, Ontario
- Porcupine Gold Rush
References
- "Red Lake". Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada.
- ^ "Red Lake, Ontario (Code 3560042) Census Profile". 2021 census. Government of Canada - Statistics Canada. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
- ^ "Red Lake A". Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010. Environment Canada. 31 October 2011. Retrieved 9 April 2014.
- ^ Matt Bray (28 June 2022). "Red Lake". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
- ^ "Red Lake History".
- Hamilton, William (1978). The Macmillan Book of Canadian Place Names. Toronto: Macmillan. p. 168. ISBN 0-7715-9754-1.
- "Hudson's Bay Company: Red Lake". pam.minisisinc.com. Archives of Manitoba - Keystone Archives Descriptive Database. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
- ^ Barnes, Michael (1995). Gold in Ontario. Erin: The Boston Mills Press. pp. 65–73. ISBN 155046146X.
- ^ Richthammer, John. The End of the Road: A History of the Red Lake District (1985)
- Joyce, David; McGibbon, Stephen (2004). "Red Lake Mine: The Richest Gold Mine in the World". Rocks & Minerals. 79: 94–99. doi:10.1080/00357529.2004.9925684. S2CID 129771092.
- ^ "Corrections and updates". Statistics Canada. 19 September 2012. Retrieved 12 October 2012.
- "2021 Community Profiles". 2021 Canadian census. Statistics Canada. 4 February 2022. Retrieved 27 April 2022.
- "2016 Community Profiles". 2016 Canadian census. Statistics Canada. 12 August 2021. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
- "2011 Community Profiles". 2011 Canadian census. Statistics Canada. 21 March 2019. Retrieved 3 April 2012.
- "2006 Community Profiles". 2006 Canadian census. Statistics Canada. 20 August 2019.
- "2001 Community Profiles". 2001 Canadian census. Statistics Canada. 18 July 2021.
- "1971 Census of Canada - Population Census Subdivisions (Historical)". Catalogue 92-702 Vol I, part 1 (Bulletin 1.1-2). Statistics Canada: 76, 139. July 1973.
- Ian Ross, "Filmmaker goes home to document Red Lake mining life". Northern Ontario Business, June 30, 2015.
- Heroux, Devin (22 June 2018). "Hometown Pride: Eric Radford is now a hero in the place where he was bullied as a kid". CBC Sports: Figure Skating. CBC Sports. Retrieved 23 June 2018.
- "The Northern Sun News". www.facebook.com. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
- Decision CRTC 80-23, CRTC, page 746, January 15, 1980
- CKDR-FM - Canadian Communications Foundation
- Decision CRTC 2000-388, New FM radio programming undertaking, CRTC, September 15, 2000
- Decision CRTC 2001-649
External links
| Places adjacent to Red Lake, Ontario | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||||||||||
Red Lake
