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| {{Infobox venue | {{Infobox venue | ||
| | stadium_name = Stadion Feijenoord | | stadium_name = Stadion Feijenoord | ||
| | image = Rotterdam |
| image = Feyenoord Rotterdam's De Kuip stadium in 2022 before a match against FC Emmen.jpg | ||
| | caption = ''']''' {{rating|4|4}} | | caption = ''']''' {{rating|4|4}} | ||
| | fullname = Stadion Feijenoord | | fullname = Stadion Feijenoord | ||
| | nickname = |
| nickname = De Kuip | ||
| | logo_image = De_Kuip_logo.png | | logo_image = De_Kuip_logo.png | ||
| | location = ], ] | | location = ], ] | ||
| Line 18: | Line 18: | ||
| | tenants = ] (1937–present)<br>] (selected matches) | | tenants = ] (1937–present)<br>] (selected matches) | ||
| | architect = Leendert van der Vlugt<br>Broekbakema (renovation) | | architect = Leendert van der Vlugt<br>Broekbakema (renovation) | ||
| | dimensions = | | dimensions = 105m x 68m | ||
| | website = {{URL|www.dekuip.nl}} | | website = {{URL|www.dekuip.nl}} | ||
| }} | }} | ||
| '''Stadion Feijenoord''' ({{IPA |
'''Stadion Feijenoord''' ({{IPA|nl|ˌstaːdijɔɱ ˈfɛiənoːrt|pron}}), more commonly known by its nickname '''De Kuip''' ({{IPA|nl|də ˈkœyp|pron}}, the Tub),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcthree/article/5957cb44-65fe-43d2-bbf5-48e336f48b23 |title=Some of the world's scariest places to play or watch football |work=BBC News |date=9 November 2018 |access-date=11 November 2018}}</ref> is a ] in ], ]. It was completed in 1937. The name is derived from the ] in Rotterdam, and from ] (although the club's name was internationalised to Feyenoord in 1973). | ||
| The stadium's original capacity was 64,000. In 1949, it was expanded to 69,000, and in 1994 it was converted to a 51,117-seat ]. In 1999, a significant amount of restoration and interior work took place at the stadium |
The stadium's original capacity was 64,000. In 1949, it was expanded to 69,000, and in 1994 it was converted to a 51,117-seat ]. In 1999, a significant amount of restoration and interior work took place at the stadium before its use as a venue in the ] tournament, although capacity was largely unaffected. | ||
| ==History== | ==History== | ||
| ⚫ | Leen van Zandvliet, Feyenoord's president in the 1930s, came up with the idea of building an entirely new stadium, unlike any other on the continent, with two free hanging tiers and no obstacles blocking the view. Contemporary examples were ], where the West and East stands had been recently built as a double deck, and ] in ]. ] and ], the famous designers of the ] in Rotterdam were asked to design a stadium out of glass, concrete and steel, cheap materials at that time. The stadium was co-financed by the billionaire ], who made his fortune in ], exporting ] from Germany to Britain through neutral Netherlands. | ||
| {{Panorama | |||
| ⚫ | In ], the stadium was nearly torn down for scrap by German occupiers. After the war, the stadium's capacity was expanded in 1949; stadium lights were added in 1958. On 29 October 1991, De Kuip was named as being one of Rotterdam's monuments.<ref name="kuiphist" /> In 1994 the stadium was extensively renovated to its present form:<ref name="kuiphist" /> It became all-seater, and the roof was extended to cover all the seats. An extra building was constructed for commercial use by Feyenoord, it also houses a restaurant and a museum, The Home of History.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stadionfeijenoord.nl/pagecongres.php?id=196&l=6&i=4 |title=Home of History |publisher=stadionfeijenoord.nl |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070207011831/http://www.stadionfeijenoord.nl/pagecongres.php?id=196&l=6&i=4 |archive-date=2007-02-07 }}</ref>{{Panorama | ||
| | image = File:Panorama Kuip Bekerfinale PEC Zwolle-Ajax.jpg | | image = File:Panorama Kuip Bekerfinale PEC Zwolle-Ajax.jpg | ||
| | caption = De Kuip before the ] final in April ] | | caption = De Kuip before the ] final in April ] | ||
| | height = 250 | | height = 250 | ||
| }} | }} | ||
| ⚫ | Leen van Zandvliet, Feyenoord's president in the 1930s, came up with the idea of building an entirely new stadium, unlike any other on the continent, with two free hanging tiers and no obstacles blocking the view. Contemporary examples were ], where the West and East stands had been recently built as a double deck, and ] in ]. ] and ], the famous designers of the ] in Rotterdam were asked to design a stadium out of glass, concrete and steel, cheap materials at that time. The stadium was co-financed by the billionaire ], who made his fortune in ], exporting ] from Germany to Britain through neutral Netherlands. | ||
| === Failed new stadium plans === | |||
| ⚫ | In ], the stadium was nearly torn down for scrap by German occupiers. After the war, the stadium's capacity was expanded in 1949; stadium lights were added in 1958. On 29 October 1991, De Kuip was named as being one of Rotterdam's monuments.<ref name="kuiphist"/> In 1994 the stadium was extensively renovated to its present form:<ref name="kuiphist"/> It became all-seater, and the roof was extended to cover all the seats. An extra building was constructed for commercial use by Feyenoord, it also houses a restaurant and a museum, The Home of History.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stadionfeijenoord.nl/pagecongres.php?id=196&l=6&i=4 |title=Home of History |publisher=stadionfeijenoord.nl |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070207011831/http://www.stadionfeijenoord.nl/pagecongres.php?id=196&l=6&i=4 |archive-date=2007-02-07 }}</ref> | ||
| ⚫ | From 2006, Feyenoord began working on plans for a new stadium, initially planned for completion in 2017 and with an estimated capacity of 85,000 seats. In 2014, Feyenoord decided to renovate the existing stadium, expanding its capacity to 70,000, as well as adding a retractable roof. Construction was planned to start in summer 2015 and finish in 2018, with an estimated €200 million cost. Plans included a new training facility costing an extra €16 million.<ref>http://www.feyenoord.nl/nieuws/nieuwsoverzicht/feyenoord-kiest-voor-vernieuwbouwde-kuip-ffc. Feyenoord.nl (in Dutch)</ref> | ||
| ⚫ | In March 2016, Feyenoord announced that they instead preferred building a new stadium.<ref>http://www.rijnmond.nl/nieuws/139913/Feyenoord-wil-nieuwe-Kuip-langs-de-Maas. Rijnmond.nl (in Dutch)</ref> In May 2017, the city of Rotterdam agreed with a plan to build a new stadium with a capacity of 63,000 seats. In December 2019, Feyenoord announced that if construction of the new stadium was given in the final go-ahead in 2020 the stadium would open in the summer of 2025.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 December 2019 |title=Bij groen licht opent het nieuwe stadion in 2025 |url=https://www.feyenoord.nl/nieuws/nieuwsoverzicht/bij-groen-licht-opent-het-nieuwe-stadion-in-2025-101219 |access-date=10 December 2019 |work=Feyenoord |language=nl}}</ref> On 21 April 2022, managing director Dennis te Kloesse announced that the club would not proceed with renovating the existing stadium or building a new one.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 April 2022 |title=Feyenoord gaat niet door met bouw nieuw stadion |url=https://nos.nl/l/2425984 |access-date=21 April 2022 |work=Feyenoord |language=nl}}</ref> | ||
| ==Facilities and related buildings== | ==Facilities and related buildings== | ||
| Line 41: | Line 45: | ||
| ==Commercial uses== | ==Commercial uses== | ||
| ===Football history=== | ===Football history=== | ||
| De Kuip is currently the home stadium of football club ], one of the |
De Kuip is currently the home stadium of football club ], traditionally one of the top teams in the Netherlands. It has also long been one of the home grounds of the ], having hosted over 150 international matches, the first international match at the stadium was a match against ] on 2 May 1937. In 1963, De Kuip staged the ] of the ], with ] becoming the first British club to win a European trophy, defeating ] 5–1. The stadium has hosted a record ten European finals, the last being the ] in which Feyenoord, coincidentally playing a home match, defeated ] 3–2. As a result, Feyenoord holds the distinction of being the only club to win a one-legged European final in their own stadium. In 2000, the Feijenoord stadium hosted the ] of ], played in the Netherlands and Belgium, where ] defeated ] 2–1 in extra time.<ref name="kuiphist">{{cite web |url=http://www.vasf.nl/historie.php|title=Feijenoord – historie |publisher=vasf.nl |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516173256/http://www.vasf.nl/historie.php |archive-date=2007-05-16 }}</ref> The stadium also hosted the ]. | ||
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left;" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left;" | ||
| Line 76: | Line 80: | ||
| ===Concerts=== | ===Concerts=== | ||
| The stadium has hosted concerts since 1978. |
The stadium has hosted concerts since 1978. The first show was headlined by ], with special guest ], on 23 June 1978.<ref>{{Cite web |title=40 jaar muziek in De Kuip |url=https://www.nporadio5.nl/nieuws/wekkerwakker/baf415b7-a905-4eab-a225-6e4e3358c1be/40-jaar-muziek-in-de-kuip |access-date=2025-01-07 |website=NPO Radio 5 |language=nl}}</ref> ] held his dress rehearsals and subsequently opened his 1987 ] at the stadium.<ref name=GlassIdol>{{Citation | last = Currie| first = David| title = David Bowie: Glass Idol| publisher = Omnibus Press| place = London and Margate, England| edition = 1st| year = 1987| isbn = 0-7119-1182-7}}</ref> In 1995, ] became the first Dutch artist to headline at De Kuip, and he sold out two shows.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-01-06 |title=René Froger: van de kroeg naar de Kuip |url=https://www.bndestem.nl/overig/rene-froger-van-de-kroeg-naar-de-kuip~a521dbb2 |website=]}}</ref> In 2008, ] became the first Dutch band to headline the stadium.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rediscover het jaar 2008 - KANE Official |url=https://kaneofficial.nl/rediscover/2008 |access-date=2025-01-07 |website=kaneofficial.nl |language=nl}}</ref> In 2019, ] held five concerts at De Kuip to increase his total to 14, breaking ]' past venue record of 10.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-12-31 |title=Vanavond op televisie: Borsato in De Kuip {{!}} Conference Claudia de Breij |url=https://www.nu.nl/media/6020741/vanavond-op-televisie-borsato-in-de-kuip-conference-claudia-de-breij.html |website=]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-11-06 |title=Marco Borsato kondigt twee extra optredens in De Kuip aan |url=https://www.nu.nl/uit/5576540/marco-borsato-kondigt-twee-extra-optredens-in-kuip.html |website=]}}</ref> | ||
| ==New stadium== | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| In April 2024, the municipality of ] announced that concerts would no longer take place at De Kuip beginning in 2026 to eliminate ] in the area with the construction of new houses nearby. De Kuip will receive 12 million euros from Rotterdam as compensation.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eersel |first=Dennis van |date=2024-04-17 |title=Nooit meer concerten in De Kuip, stadion krijgt miljoenen compensatie |url=https://www.rijnmond.nl/nieuws/1815453/nooit-meer-concerten-in-de-kuip-stadion-krijgt-miljoenen-compensatie |access-date=2025-01-07 |website=www.rijnmond.nl |language=nl}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vriend |first=Herman |date=2024-06-20 |title=Mogelijk toch nog popconcerten in De Kuip vanaf 2026 |url=https://www.rijnmond.nl/nieuws/1849999/mogelijk-toch-nog-popconcerten-in-de-kuip-vanaf-2026 |access-date=2025-01-07 |website=www.rijnmond.nl |language=nl}}</ref> Three concerts from the Dutch band ] from 12 to 14 June 2025 are scheduled to be the final shows in the stadium.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-22 |title=DI-RECT verkoopt 100.000 kaarten binnen uur, 3e concert toegevoegd |url=https://www.rtl.nl/boulevard/entertainment/artikel/5456795/di-rect-verkoopt-binnen-uur-100000-kaarten-3e-concert-kuip?utm_source=headliner.nl&utm_medium=link&utm_term=free&utm_content=textlink&utm_campaign=Headliner.nl |access-date=2025-01-07 |website=RTL Nieuws & Entertainment |language=nl}}</ref> | |||
| ⚫ | In March 2016, Feyenoord announced that they instead preferred building a new stadium.<ref>http://www.rijnmond.nl/nieuws/139913/Feyenoord-wil-nieuwe-Kuip-langs-de-Maas. Rijnmond.nl (in Dutch)</ref> In May 2017, the city of Rotterdam agreed with a plan to build a new stadium with a capacity of 63,000 seats. In December 2019, Feyenoord announced that if construction of the new stadium was given in the final go-ahead in 2020 the stadium |
||
| On 21 of April 2022 managing director Dennis te Kloesse announced that the club (for now) will not proceed with either renovating nor building a new stadium.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nos.nl/l/2425984|title=Feyenoord gaat niet door met bouw nieuw stadion |work=Feyenoord |language=nl |date=21 April 2022 |access-date=21 April 2022}}</ref> | |||
| ==Euro 2000== | ==Euro 2000== | ||
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| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | |||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
Latest revision as of 06:16, 7 January 2025
Football stadium in Rotterdam | This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages)
|
| De Kuip | |
 | |
 UEFA  | |
| Full name | Stadion Feijenoord |
|---|---|
| Location | Rotterdam, Netherlands |
| Capacity | 47,500(limited capacity) 51,117 50,000 (concerts) |
| Field size | 105m x 68m |
| Construction | |
| Built | 1935–1937 |
| Opened | 27 March 1937; 87 years ago (1937-03-27) |
| Renovated | 1994 |
| Architect | Leendert van der Vlugt Broekbakema (renovation) |
| Tenants | |
| Feyenoord (1937–present) Netherlands national football team (selected matches) | |
| Website | |
| www | |
Stadion Feijenoord (pronounced [ˌstaːdijɔɱ ˈfɛiənoːrt]), more commonly known by its nickname De Kuip (pronounced [də ˈkœyp], the Tub), is a stadium in Rotterdam, Netherlands. It was completed in 1937. The name is derived from the Feijenoord district in Rotterdam, and from the club with the same name (although the club's name was internationalised to Feyenoord in 1973).
The stadium's original capacity was 64,000. In 1949, it was expanded to 69,000, and in 1994 it was converted to a 51,117-seat all-seater. In 1999, a significant amount of restoration and interior work took place at the stadium before its use as a venue in the UEFA Euro 2000 tournament, although capacity was largely unaffected.
History
Leen van Zandvliet, Feyenoord's president in the 1930s, came up with the idea of building an entirely new stadium, unlike any other on the continent, with two free hanging tiers and no obstacles blocking the view. Contemporary examples were Highbury, where the West and East stands had been recently built as a double deck, and Yankee Stadium in New York. Johannes Brinkman and Leendert van der Vlugt, the famous designers of the Van Nelle factory in Rotterdam were asked to design a stadium out of glass, concrete and steel, cheap materials at that time. The stadium was co-financed by the billionaire Daniël George van Beuningen, who made his fortune in World War I, exporting coal from Germany to Britain through neutral Netherlands.
In World War II, the stadium was nearly torn down for scrap by German occupiers. After the war, the stadium's capacity was expanded in 1949; stadium lights were added in 1958. On 29 October 1991, De Kuip was named as being one of Rotterdam's monuments. In 1994 the stadium was extensively renovated to its present form: It became all-seater, and the roof was extended to cover all the seats. An extra building was constructed for commercial use by Feyenoord, it also houses a restaurant and a museum, The Home of History.
De Kuip before the KNVB Cup final in April 2014
Failed new stadium plans
From 2006, Feyenoord began working on plans for a new stadium, initially planned for completion in 2017 and with an estimated capacity of 85,000 seats. In 2014, Feyenoord decided to renovate the existing stadium, expanding its capacity to 70,000, as well as adding a retractable roof. Construction was planned to start in summer 2015 and finish in 2018, with an estimated €200 million cost. Plans included a new training facility costing an extra €16 million.
In March 2016, Feyenoord announced that they instead preferred building a new stadium. In May 2017, the city of Rotterdam agreed with a plan to build a new stadium with a capacity of 63,000 seats. In December 2019, Feyenoord announced that if construction of the new stadium was given in the final go-ahead in 2020 the stadium would open in the summer of 2025. On 21 April 2022, managing director Dennis te Kloesse announced that the club would not proceed with renovating the existing stadium or building a new one.
Facilities and related buildings
Next to De Kuip and Feyenoord's training ground there is another, but smaller, sports arena, the Topsportcentrum Rotterdam. This arena hosts events in many sports and in various levels of competition. Some examples of sports that can be seen in the topsportcentrum are judo, volleyball and handball.
Commercial uses
Football history
De Kuip is currently the home stadium of football club Feyenoord, traditionally one of the top teams in the Netherlands. It has also long been one of the home grounds of the Netherlands national football team, having hosted over 150 international matches, the first international match at the stadium was a match against Belgium on 2 May 1937. In 1963, De Kuip staged the final of the European Cup Winners' Cup, with Tottenham Hotspur becoming the first British club to win a European trophy, defeating Atlético Madrid 5–1. The stadium has hosted a record ten European finals, the last being the 2002 UEFA Cup Final in which Feyenoord, coincidentally playing a home match, defeated Borussia Dortmund 3–2. As a result, Feyenoord holds the distinction of being the only club to win a one-legged European final in their own stadium. In 2000, the Feijenoord stadium hosted the final of Euro 2000, played in the Netherlands and Belgium, where France defeated Italy 2–1 in extra time. The stadium also hosted the 2023 UEFA Nations League Final.
| Date | Winners | Result | Runners-up | Round | Attendance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15 May 1963 |  Tottenham Hotspur |
5–1 |  Atlético Madrid |
1963 European Cup Winners' Cup Final | 49,000 |
| 23 May 1968 |  Milan |
2–0 |  Hamburger SV |
1968 European Cup Winners' Cup Final | 53,000 |
| 31 May 1972 |  Ajax |
2–0 | Inter Milan |
1972 European Cup Final | 61,354 |
| 8 May 1974 |  Magdeburg |
2–0 | Milan |
1974 European Cup Winners' Cup Final | 6,461 |
| 26 May 1982 | Aston Villa |
1–0 | Bayern Munich |
1982 European Cup Final | 46,000 |
| 15 May 1985 | Everton |
3–1 |  Rapid Wien |
1985 European Cup Winners' Cup Final | 38,500 |
| 15 May 1991 | Manchester United |
2–1 |  Barcelona |
1991 European Cup Winners' Cup Final | 43,500 |
| 14 May 1997 | Barcelona |
1–0 |  Paris Saint-Germain |
1997 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup Final | 36,802 |
| 2 July 2000 | France |
2–1 (g.g.) | Italy |
UEFA Euro 2000 Final | 50,000 |
| 8 May 2002 | Feyenoord |
3–2 | Borussia Dortmund |
2002 UEFA Cup Final | 45,611 |
| 18 June 2023 | Spain |
0–0 (5–4 pen) |  Croatia |
2023 UEFA Nations League Final | 41,110 |
Concerts
The stadium has hosted concerts since 1978. The first show was headlined by Bob Dylan, with special guest Eric Clapton, on 23 June 1978. David Bowie held his dress rehearsals and subsequently opened his 1987 Glass Spider Tour at the stadium. In 1995, René Froger became the first Dutch artist to headline at De Kuip, and he sold out two shows. In 2008, Kane became the first Dutch band to headline the stadium. In 2019, Marco Borsato held five concerts at De Kuip to increase his total to 14, breaking The Rolling Stones' past venue record of 10.
In April 2024, the municipality of Rotterdam announced that concerts would no longer take place at De Kuip beginning in 2026 to eliminate noise pollution in the area with the construction of new houses nearby. De Kuip will receive 12 million euros from Rotterdam as compensation. Three concerts from the Dutch band Di-rect from 12 to 14 June 2025 are scheduled to be the final shows in the stadium.
Euro 2000
| Date | Team 1 | Result | Team 2 | Round |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 13 June 2000 | Spain |
0–1 |  Norway |
Group C |
| 16 June 2000 |  Denmark |
0–3 | Netherlands |
Group D |
| 20 June 2000 |  Portugal |
3–0 | Germany |
Group A |
| 25 June 2000 | Netherlands |
6–1 |  FR Yugoslavia |
Quarter-finals |
| 2 July 2000 | France |
2–1 (asdet) |
Italy |
Final |
2023 UEFA Nations League Finals
One of the venues of the 2023 UEFA Nations League Finals.
| Date | Team #1 | Result | Team #2 | Round | Attendance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14 June 2023 | Netherlands |
2–4 (a.e.t.) | Croatia |
Semi-finals | 39,359 |
| 18 June 2023 | Croatia |
0–0 (a.e.t.) (4–5 p) | Spain |
Final | 41,110 |
Average attendance numbers per season, 1937–2007
Gallery
-
De Kuip from above
-
Inside the stadium
-
Another view inside the stadium
-
Feyenoord helicopter entering the stadium
-
-
-
-
See also
References
- "Stadion Feijenoord" (in Dutch). dekuip.nl. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
- "Stadion Feijenoord – Het mooiste voetbalstadion van Nederland".
- "Some of the world's scariest places to play or watch football". BBC News. 9 November 2018. Retrieved 11 November 2018.
- ^ "Feijenoord – historie". vasf.nl. Archived from the original on 2007-05-16.
- "Home of History". stadionfeijenoord.nl. Archived from the original on 2007-02-07.
- http://www.feyenoord.nl/nieuws/nieuwsoverzicht/feyenoord-kiest-voor-vernieuwbouwde-kuip-ffc. Feyenoord.nl (in Dutch)
- http://www.rijnmond.nl/nieuws/139913/Feyenoord-wil-nieuwe-Kuip-langs-de-Maas. Rijnmond.nl (in Dutch)
- "Bij groen licht opent het nieuwe stadion in 2025". Feyenoord (in Dutch). 10 December 2019. Retrieved 10 December 2019.
- "Feyenoord gaat niet door met bouw nieuw stadion". Feyenoord (in Dutch). 21 April 2022. Retrieved 21 April 2022.
- "Topsportcentrum Rotterdam". topsportcentrum.nl.
- "40 jaar muziek in De Kuip". NPO Radio 5 (in Dutch). Retrieved 2025-01-07.
- Currie, David (1987), David Bowie: Glass Idol (1st ed.), London and Margate, England: Omnibus Press, ISBN 0-7119-1182-7
- "René Froger: van de kroeg naar de Kuip". BN DeStem. 2011-01-06.
- "Rediscover het jaar 2008 - KANE Official". kaneofficial.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 2025-01-07.
- "Vanavond op televisie: Borsato in De Kuip | Conference Claudia de Breij". NU.nl. 2019-12-31.
- "Marco Borsato kondigt twee extra optredens in De Kuip aan". NU.nl. 2018-11-06.
- Eersel, Dennis van (2024-04-17). "Nooit meer concerten in De Kuip, stadion krijgt miljoenen compensatie". www.rijnmond.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 2025-01-07.
- Vriend, Herman (2024-06-20). "Mogelijk toch nog popconcerten in De Kuip vanaf 2026". www.rijnmond.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 2025-01-07.
- "DI-RECT verkoopt 100.000 kaarten binnen uur, 3e concert toegevoegd". RTL Nieuws & Entertainment (in Dutch). 2024-06-22. Retrieved 2025-01-07.
External links
- De Kuip Official Website
- De Kuip at Footballmatch.de
- Aerial photo (Google Maps)
- 3D format on Google Earth Archived 2013-11-06 at the Wayback Machine
| Feyenoord Rotterdam | |
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| Academy | |
| Tournaments |
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| Supporters | |
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| Seasons |
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51°53′38″N 4°31′23″E / 51.89389°N 4.52306°E / 51.89389; 4.52306
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