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==Revolt== ==Revolt==
] started his first Campaign against the ] in 1832 by defeating them in the ].<ref name=":0">{{Cite thesis |title=Kurds and Kurdistan in the View of British Travellers in the Nineteenth Century |url=https://leicester.figshare.com/articles/thesis/Kurds_and_Kurdistan_in_the_View_of_British_Travellers_in_the_Nineteenth_Century/10239464/1 |publisher=University of Leicester |date=2017-12-14 |degree=thesis |language=en |first=Qadir Muhammad |last=Muhammad}} pp.94–98.</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Steinvorth|first=Daniel|date=2016-12-22|title=Jagd auf den Engel Pfau {{!}} NZZ|language=de-CH|newspaper=Neue Zürcher Zeitung|url=https://www.nzz.ch/international/nahost-und-afrika/bedrohte-minderheiten-im-orient-jagd-auf-den-engel-pfau-ld.135327|access-date=2019-09-30|issn=0376-6829}}</ref><ref name="Wadie Jwaideh">{{Cite book|last=Jwaideh|first=Wadie|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FCbspX-dGPYC&pg=PA58|title=The Kurdish National Movement: Its Origins and Development|date=2006-06-19|publisher=Syracuse University Press|isbn=978-0-8156-3093-7|language=en}}</ref> ] started his first Campaign against the ] in 1832 by defeating them in the ].<ref name=":0">{{Cite thesis |title=Kurds and Kurdistan in the View of British Travellers in the Nineteenth Century |url=https://leicester.figshare.com/articles/thesis/Kurds_and_Kurdistan_in_the_View_of_British_Travellers_in_the_Nineteenth_Century/10239464/1 |publisher=University of Leicester |date=2017-12-14 |degree=thesis |language=en |first=Qadir Muhammad |last=Muhammad}} pp.94–98.</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Steinvorth|first=Daniel|date=2016-12-22|title=Jagd auf den Engel Pfau {{!}} NZZ|language=de-CH|newspaper=Neue Zürcher Zeitung|url=https://www.nzz.ch/international/nahost-und-afrika/bedrohte-minderheiten-im-orient-jagd-auf-den-engel-pfau-ld.135327|access-date=2019-09-30|issn=0376-6829}}</ref><ref name="Wadie Jwaideh">{{Cite book|last=Jwaideh|first=Wadie|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FCbspX-dGPYC&pg=PA58|title=The Kurdish National Movement: Its Origins and Development|date=2006-06-19|publisher=Syracuse University Press|isbn=978-0-8156-3093-7|language=en}}</ref>


The ] Captured many ] Towns Near ] and lunched his campaign against the ] killing more than 70.000 peoples.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Steinvorth|first=Daniel|date=2016-12-22|title=Jagd auf den Engel Pfau {{!}} NZZ|language=de-CH|newspaper=Neue Zürcher Zeitung|url=https://www.nzz.ch/international/nahost-und-afrika/bedrohte-minderheiten-im-orient-jagd-auf-den-engel-pfau-ld.135327|access-date=2019-09-30|issn=0376-6829}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last = admin|date=2018-03-10|title=Das Khatare-Massaker im März 1832 {{!}} ÊzîdîPress|url=https://www.ezidipress.com/blog/das-khatare-massaker-im-maerz-1832/|access-date=2025-01-05|language=de}}</ref> The ] Captured many ] Towns Near ] and lunched his campaign against the ] killing more than 70.000 peoples.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Steinvorth|first=Daniel|date=2016-12-22|title=Jagd auf den Engel Pfau {{!}} NZZ|language=de-CH|newspaper=Neue Zürcher Zeitung|url=https://www.nzz.ch/international/nahost-und-afrika/bedrohte-minderheiten-im-orient-jagd-auf-den-engel-pfau-ld.135327|access-date=2019-09-30|issn=0376-6829}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last = admin|date=2018-03-10|title=Das Khatare-Massaker im März 1832 {{!}} ÊzîdîPress|url=https://www.ezidipress.com/blog/das-khatare-massaker-im-maerz-1832/|access-date=2025-01-05|language=de}}</ref>
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Then he occupied an important part of ] making fear ] and his ] near ] Territories. Then he occupied an important part of ] making fear ] and his ] near ] Territories.


He also killed ] near ] and captured towns near ] but got defeated once at ] by the local ]. He also killed ] near ] and captured towns near ] but got defeated once at ] by the local ].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Aboona |first=Hirmis |url=https://books.google.fr/books/about/Assyrians_Kurds_and_Ottomans.html?id=AdZfWpd4YrYC&redir_esc=y |title=Assyrians, Kurds, and Ottomans: Intercommunal Relations on the Periphery of the Ottoman Empire |date=2008 |publisher=Cambria Press |isbn=978-1-60497-583-3 |language=en}}</ref>

==Aftermath==


==References== ==References==
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] ]
] ]

{{Drafts moved from mainspace|date=January 2025}}

Latest revision as of 16:47, 9 January 2025

Revolt against Ottoman rule, 1813 to 1836
Rawandiz Revolt

Kurdistan under the Ottoman Empire, 1823.
Date1813-1836
LocationKurdistan
Result

Soran Victory

  • Soran Emirate gained independence from the Ottoman Empire and was later confronted again.
Belligerents

Soran Emirate

 Ottoman Empire

Commanders and leaders
Mir Muhammad Rawandiz Ottoman Empire Mahmud II
Ottoman Empire Emir Diyabakir
Ottoman Empire Emir Sivas
Ottoman Empire Emir Baghdad  †
Ottoman Empire Emir Mosul
Agha Malak  †
Ali Beg  †
Strength
15,000–50,000 90,000–200,000
Casualties and losses
Unknown
  • In 1832
    70,000 Yazidi massacred
  • in 1832
    1000+ Yazidi massacred
  • in 1832
    300 Assyrians massacred
  • In 1833
    500 Yazidi massacred

The "Mir Kora" or Muhammad Pasha of Rawanduz started the quest for Kurdish independence against the Ottomans in 1813, after the death of his father. The Mir started multiple campaigns against the Ottoman and local Yazidi forces, won multiple battles and established a powerful state in the region.

Revolt

Mir Muhammad Rawandiz started his first Campaign against the Ottomans in 1832 by defeating them in the Battle of Rawandiz.

The Soran Emirate Captured many Kurdish Towns Near Grand Zab and lunched his campaign against the Yazidi killing more than 70.000 peoples.

Then he occupied an important part of Kurdistan making fear Mahmud II and his Emir near Mir Muhammad Rawandiz Territories.

He also killed Assyrians near Alqosh and captured towns near Hakkari but got defeated once at Lezan by the local Assyrian.

References

  1. Steinvorth, Daniel (2016-12-22). "Jagd auf den Engel Pfau | NZZ". Neue Zürcher Zeitung (in Swiss High German). ISSN 0376-6829. Retrieved 2019-09-30.
  2. ^ Jwaideh, Wadie (2006-06-19). The Kurdish National Movement: Its Origins and Development. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-3093-7.
  3. ^ Muhammad, Qadir Muhammad (2017-12-14). Kurds and Kurdistan in the View of British Travellers in the Nineteenth Century (thesis thesis). University of Leicester. pp.94–98.
  4. Vartanyan 2011, p. 270. sfn error: no target: CITEREFVartanyan2011 (help)
  5. Kurdish movement in modern and contemporary times 1987, p. 10-11. sfn error: no target: CITEREFKurdish_movement_in_modern_and_contemporary_times1987 (help)
  6. Steinvorth, Daniel (2016-12-22). "Jagd auf den Engel Pfau | NZZ". Neue Zürcher Zeitung (in Swiss High German). ISSN 0376-6829. Retrieved 2019-09-30.
  7. admin (2018-03-10). "Das Khatare-Massaker im März 1832 | ÊzîdîPress" (in German). Retrieved 2025-01-05.
  8. Ateş, Sabri (2013-10-21). Ottoman-Iranian Borderlands: Making a Boundary, 1843-1914. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781107033658.
  9. Steinvorth, Daniel (2016-12-22). "Jagd auf den Engel Pfau | NZZ". Neue Zürcher Zeitung (in Swiss High German). ISSN 0376-6829. Retrieved 2019-09-30.
  10. Steinvorth, Daniel (2016-12-22). "Jagd auf den Engel Pfau | NZZ". Neue Zürcher Zeitung (in Swiss High German). ISSN 0376-6829. Retrieved 2019-09-30.
  11. admin (2018-03-10). "Das Khatare-Massaker im März 1832 | ÊzîdîPress" (in German). Retrieved 2025-01-05.
  12. Aboona, Hirmis (2008). Assyrians, Kurds, and Ottomans: Intercommunal Relations on the Periphery of the Ottoman Empire. Cambria Press. ISBN 978-1-60497-583-3.


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