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{{short description|Prefecture-level city in Guangxi, People's Republic of China}} {{Short description|Prefecture-level city in Guangxi}}
{{More citations needed|date=April 2011}} {{More citations needed|date=April 2011}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
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|motto = |motto =
<!-- images and maps -----------> <!-- images and maps ----------->
|image_skyline = Guilinshi.png |image_skyline = {{multiple image
|border = infobox
|image_caption = Scenery of Guilin
|total_width = 280px
|image_style = border:1;
|perrow = 1/2/3/1
|image1 = View of Guilin from Elephant Trunk Hill (cropped).jpg
|image2 = Xiangshan Scenic Area 89468-Guilin (31130832628).jpg
|image3 = Lake Shanhu pagodas at night.jpg
|image4 = Longsheng rice terraces 87849-Longsheng (49040768916).jpg
|image5 = Jingjiang Princes City 89785-Guilin (49040802591).jpg
|image6 = Flickr - archer10 (Dennis) - China-7516.jpg
|image7 = 1 aerial yangshuo panorama 2017.jpg
}}
|image_caption = From left to right, top to bottom: View of Guilin city; ], ]; ], ], ]; ] scenery
|image_size = 280px |image_size = 280px
|image_seal = |image_seal =
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|image_shield = |image_shield =
|shield_size = |shield_size =
|image_blank_emblem = |image_blank_emblem =
|blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_type = ]
|blank_emblem_size = |blank_emblem_size =
|image_map = Guangxi subdivisions - Guilin.svg |image_map = Guangxi subdivisions - Guilin.svg
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|population_blank1 = |population_blank1 =
|population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_km2 =
| demographics_type2 = GDP<ref>{{citation|title=广西统计年鉴－2021|url=http://tjj.gxzf.gov.cn//tjsj/tjnj/material/tjnj20200415/2022/indexch.htm|website=tjj.gxzf.gov.cn}}</ref>
| demographics2_title1 = ]
| demographics2_info1 = ] 231.1 billion<br />] 35.8 billion
| demographics2_title2 = Per capita
| demographics2_info2 = CN¥ 46,767<br />US$ 7,249
<!-- General information ---------------> <!-- General information --------------->
|timezone = ] |timezone = ]
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}} }}


'''Guilin'''<!--Chinese in infobox--> (]: ''Gveilinz''; ] ] as '''Kweilin''') is a ] in the northeast of China's ]. It is situated on the west bank of the ] and borders ] to the north. Its name means "forest of ]", owing to the large number of fragrant sweet osmanthus trees located in the region. The city has long been renowned for its scenery of ] topography. '''Guilin'''<!--Chinese in infobox--> (]: ''Gveilinz''), ] ] as '''Kweilin''', is a ] in the northeast of ]'s ]. It is situated on the west bank of the ] and borders ] to the north. Its name means "forest of ]", owing to the large number of fragrant sweet osmanthus trees located in the region. The city has long been renowned for its ] of ] topography.


Guilin is one of China's most popular tourist destinations,<ref>{{cite book |last=Foster |first=Simon |title=Frommer's China |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781118094198 |url-access=registration |year=2012 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=9781118223529 |pages=}}</ref> and the epithet "By water, by mountains, most lovely, Guilin" ({{zh|labels=no|c=山水甲天下}})<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://language.chinadaily.com.cn/trans/2009-01/24/content_7414726.htm|script-title=zh:“桂林山水甲天下”之英译 |work=] |language=zh-cn |access-date=2019-06-11}}</ref> is often associated with the city. The State Council of China has designated Guilin a ], doing so in the first edition of the list. Guilin is one of China's most popular tourist destinations,<ref>{{cite book |last=Foster |first=Simon |title=Frommer's China |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781118094198 |url-access=registration |year=2012 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=9781118223529 |pages=}}</ref> and the epithet "By water, by mountains, most lovely, Guilin" ({{zh|labels=no|c=山水甲天下}})<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://language.chinadaily.com.cn/trans/2009-01/24/content_7414726.htm|script-title=zh:“桂林山水甲天下”之英译 |work=] |language=zh-cn |access-date=2019-06-11}}</ref> is often associated with the city. The State Council of China has designated Guilin a ], doing so in the first edition of the list.


== History == == History ==
⚫ ]]]
Before the ], the Guilin region was settled by the ].<ref name="people" /> In 314 BC, a small settlement was established along the banks of the ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.discoverchina.com/article/cruise-through-the-beautiful-scenery-of-the-li-river-in-guilin|title=Cruise Through The Beautiful Scenery Of The Li River In Guilin|website=Discover China|access-date=2020-01-25}}</ref> Before the ], the Guilin region was settled by the ].<ref name="people" /> In 314 BC, a small settlement was established along the banks of the ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.discoverchina.com/article/cruise-through-the-beautiful-scenery-of-the-li-river-in-guilin|title=Cruise Through The Beautiful Scenery Of The Li River In Guilin|website=Discover China|access-date=2020-01-25}}</ref>


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In 1950, the provincial capital of Guangxi was moved from Guilin to ]. In 1950, the provincial capital of Guangxi was moved from Guilin to ].


In 1981, Guilin was listed by the ] as one of the four cities (the other three being ], ], and ]) where the protection of historical and cultural heritage, as well as natural scenery, should be treated as a priority project.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.greatwall-of-china-beijing.com/guilin-travel.html#.UUc8KxeG1Lo|title=Beijing Hotels 【 #1 Ranked Hotel in Beijing 】 - Nehow.com|work=Nehow.com|access-date=19 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chinatourguide.com/guilin/guilin_history.html|title=Guilin History|access-date=19 April 2016}}</ref> In 1981, Guilin was listed by the ] as one of the four cities (the other three being ], ], and ]) where the protection of historical and cultural heritage, as well as ], should be treated as a priority project.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.greatwall-of-china-beijing.com/guilin-travel.html#.UUc8KxeG1Lo|title=Beijing Hotels 【 #1 Ranked Hotel in Beijing 】 - Nehow.com|work=Nehow.com|access-date=19 April 2016|archive-date=25 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130525161725/http://www.greatwall-of-china-beijing.com/guilin-travel.html#.UUc8KxeG1Lo|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chinatourguide.com/guilin/guilin_history.html|title=Guilin History|access-date=19 April 2016}}</ref>


== Administrative divisions == == Administrative divisions ==
] at Fuboshan, Guilin.]] ] at Fuboshan, Guilin.]]
⚫ ]]]
⚫ ], 1954)]]
Guilin administers seventeen ], including 6 ], 8 ], 2 ], and 1 ]. Guilin administers seventeen ], including 6 ], 8 ], 2 ], and 1 ].
*]: *]:
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{{Image label|x=1070|y=1530|scale={{{1|510}}}/1820|text=]}} {{Image label|x=1070|y=1530|scale={{{1|510}}}/1820|text=]}}
{{Image label|x=690|y=2030|scale={{{1|510}}}/1820|text=]}} {{Image label|x=690|y=2030|scale={{{1|510}}}/1820|text=]}}
{{Image label end}}
</div> </div>
|} |}


==Geography== ==Geography==
⚫ ], 1954)]]
<!-- <!--
{{climate chart {{climate chart
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==Climate== ==Climate==
]]] ]]]
Guilin has a monsoon-influenced ] (] ''Cfa'', bordering on ''Cwa''), with short, mild winters, and long, hot, humid summers. Winter begins dry but becomes progressively wetter and cloudier. Spring is generally overcast and often rainy, while summer continues to be rainy though is the sunniest time of year. Autumn is sunny and dry. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from {{convert|8.1|°C|1}} in January to {{convert|28.2|°C|1}} in July, and the annual mean is {{convert|19.12|°C|1}}. The annual rainfall is just under {{convert|1890|mm|in|abbr=on}} and is delivered in bulk (~50%) from April to June, when the ]s occur and often create the risk of flooding. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 14% in March to 53% in September, the city receives 1,487 hours of bright sunshine annually. Guilin has a monsoon-influenced ] (] ''Cfa'', bordering on ''Cwa''), with short, mild winters, and long, hot, humid summers. Winter begins dry but becomes progressively wetter and cloudier. Spring is generally overcast and often rainy, while summer continues to be rainy though is the sunniest time of year. Autumn is sunny and dry. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from {{convert|8.1|°C|1}} in January to {{convert|28.2|°C|1}} in July, and the annual mean is {{convert|19.12|°C|1}}. The annual rainfall is just under {{convert|1890|mm|in|abbr=on}} and is delivered in bulk (~50%) from April to June, when the ]s occur and often create the risk of flooding. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 14% in March to 53% in September, the city receives 1,487 hours of bright sunshine annually. Extremes since 1951 have ranged from {{convert|−4.9|°C|0}} (though an unofficial record low of {{convert|−5.0|°C|0}} was recorded on 25 January 1940)<ref>{{Cite web |title=中国各地城市的历史最低气温 |url=https://weibo.com/ttarticle/p/show?id=2309404203050792315805 |access-date=2024-09-15 |website=weibo.com}}</ref> to {{convert|40.3|°C|0}}.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Extreme Temperatures Around the World |url=https://www.mherrera.org/temp.htm |access-date=2024-09-15 |website=www.mherrera.org}}</ref>


{{Weather box {{Weather box
|width=auto | width = auto
|metric first=y | metric first = y
|single line=y | single line = y
|collapsed = Y | collapsed = Y
|location = Guilin, (1981−2010 normals, extremes 1951−2010) | location = Guilin (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–present)
|Jan high C = 11.6 | Jan high C = 11.7
|Feb high C = 13.3 | Feb high C = 14.2
|Mar high C = 16.9 | Mar high C = 17.5
|Apr high C = 23.2 | Apr high C = 23.7
|May high C = 27.5 | May high C = 27.9
|Jun high C = 30.5 | Jun high C = 30.5
|Jul high C = 32.7 | Jul high C = 32.8
|Aug high C = 33.0 | Aug high C = 33.2
|Sep high C = 30.6 | Sep high C = 30.8
|Oct high C = 25.9 | Oct high C = 26.3
|Nov high C = 20.5 | Nov high C = 20.8
|Dec high C = 15.1 | Dec high C = 14.9
| Jan mean C = 8.4

|Jan mean C = 8.1 | Feb mean C = 10.6
|Feb mean C = 9.9 | Mar mean C = 13.9
|Mar mean C = 13.3 | Apr mean C = 19.6
|Apr mean C = 19.0 | May mean C = 23.7
|May mean C = 23.3 | Jun mean C = 26.6
|Jun mean C = 26.4 | Jul mean C = 28.4
|Jul mean C = 28.2 | Aug mean C = 28.4
|Aug mean C = 28.2 | Sep mean C = 26.0
|Sep mean C = 25.6 | Oct mean C = 21.5
|Oct mean C = 21.1 | Nov mean C = 16.2
|Nov mean C = 15.8 | Dec mean C = 10.8
|Dec mean C = 10.6 | Jan low C = 6.1
| Feb low C = 8.3
|Jan low C = 5.7 | Mar low C = 11.4
|Feb low C = 7.6 | Apr low C = 16.6
|Mar low C = 10.8 | May low C = 20.7
|Apr low C = 16.1 | Jun low C = 23.8
|May low C = 20.2 | Jul low C = 25.2
|Jun low C = 23.5 | Aug low C = 25.0
|Jul low C = 24.9 | Sep low C = 22.6
|Aug low C = 24.7 | Oct low C = 18.3
|Sep low C = 22.2 | Nov low C = 13.1
|Oct low C = 17.7 | Dec low C = 8.0
|Nov low C = 12.5 | Jan record high C = 27.6
|Dec low C = 7.4 | Jan record low C = −4.9
|Jan record high C = 27.6 |Jan record low C = −4.9 | Feb record high C = 32.8
| Feb record low C = −3.6
|Feb record high C = 32.8 |Feb record low C = −3.6 | Mar record high C = 33.7
| Mar record low C = 0.0
|Mar record high C = 33.7 |Mar record low C = 0.0 | Apr record high C = 35.6
| Apr record low C = 4.0
|Apr record high C = 35.6 |Apr record low C = 4.0 | May record high C = 36.6
| May record low C = 10.7
|May record high C = 35.4 |May record low C = 10.7 | Jun record high C = 37.4
| Jun record low C = 13.0
|Jun record high C = 37.4 |Jun record low C = 13.0 | Jul record high C = 40.3
| Jul record low C = 18.2
|Jul record high C = 39.5 |Jul record low C = 18.2 | Aug record high C = 39.4
| Aug record low C = 18.3
|Aug record high C = 39.4 |Aug record low C = 18.3 | Sep record high C = 38.5
| Sep record low C = 12.9
|Sep record high C = 38.5 |Sep record low C = 12.9 | Oct record high C = 35.6
| Oct record low C = 6.1
|Oct record high C = 35.2 |Oct record low C = 6.1 | Nov record high C = 32.6
| Nov record low C = 0.7
|Nov record high C = 31.4 |Nov record low C = 0.7 | Dec record high C = 27.6
| Dec record low C = −3.3
⚫ | precipitation colour = green
|Dec record high C = 27.6 |Dec record low C = −3.3
|precipitation colour = green | Jan precipitation mm = 68.9
|Jan precipitation mm = 65.7 | Feb precipitation mm = 83.9
|Feb precipitation mm = 99.2 | Mar precipitation mm = 153.0
|Mar precipitation mm = 136.9 | Apr precipitation mm = 226.7
|Apr precipitation mm = 217.8 | May precipitation mm = 321.1
|May precipitation mm = 324.5 | Jun precipitation mm = 448.7
|Jun precipitation mm = 395.2 | Jul precipitation mm = 266.3
|Jul precipitation mm = 232.2 | Aug precipitation mm = 147.6
|Aug precipitation mm = 147.4 | Sep precipitation mm = 80.9
|Sep precipitation mm = 82.2 | Oct precipitation mm = 54.9
|Oct precipitation mm = 66.8 | Nov precipitation mm = 81.9
|Nov precipitation mm = 73.1 | Dec precipitation mm = 54.1
⚫ | Jan humidity = 71
⚫ |Dec precipitation mm = 46.8
⚫ | Feb humidity = 73

|Jan humidity = 73 | Mar humidity = 78
|Feb humidity = 75 | Apr humidity = 78
|Mar humidity = 79 | May humidity = 78
|Apr humidity = 80 | Jun humidity = 81
|May humidity = 79 | Jul humidity = 77
|Jun humidity = 81 | Aug humidity = 75
|Jul humidity = 79 | Sep humidity = 70
|Aug humidity = 77 | Oct humidity = 66
|Sep humidity = 72 | Nov humidity = 67
|Oct humidity = 68 | Dec humidity = 65
⚫ | unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
⚫ |Nov humidity = 67
| Jan precipitation days = 13.5
⚫ |Dec humidity = 66
|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm | Feb precipitation days = 13.6
|Jan precipitation days = 13.5 | Mar precipitation days = 19.3
|Feb precipitation days = 13.6 | Apr precipitation days = 18.5
|Mar precipitation days = 19.3 | May precipitation days = 18.2
|Apr precipitation days = 18.5 | Jun precipitation days = 18.5
|May precipitation days = 18.2 | Jul precipitation days = 16.1
|Jun precipitation days = 18.5 | Aug precipitation days = 12.5
|Jul precipitation days = 16.1 | Sep precipitation days = 7.9
|Aug precipitation days = 12.5 | Oct precipitation days = 7.1
|Sep precipitation days = 7.9 | Nov precipitation days = 9.2
|Oct precipitation days = 7.1 | Dec precipitation days = 10.1
|Nov precipitation days = 9.2 | year precipitation days =
|Dec precipitation days = 10.1 | Jan sun = 58.4
⚫ | Feb sun = 52.2
⚫ |year precipitation days =
|Jan sun = 58.4 | Mar sun = 55.0
|Feb sun = 52.2 | Apr sun = 78.7
|Mar sun = 55.0 | May sun = 113.1
|Apr sun = 78.7 | Jun sun = 113.3
|May sun = 113.1 | Jul sun = 180.6
|Jun sun = 113.3 | Aug sun = 197.2
|Jul sun = 180.6 | Sep sun = 180.3
|Aug sun = 197.2 | Oct sun = 157.1
|Sep sun = 180.3 | Nov sun = 122.9
|Oct sun = 157.1 | Dec sun = 102.1
|Nov sun = 122.9 | year sun =
| Jan percentsun = 18
⚫ |Dec sun = 102.1
| Feb percentsun = 16
|year sun =
| Jan percentsun = 18 | Mar percentsun = 15
| Feb percentsun = 16 | Apr percentsun = 21
| Mar percentsun = 15 | May percentsun = 27
| Apr percentsun = 21 | Jun percentsun = 28
| May percentsun = 27 | Jul percentsun = 43
| Jun percentsun = 28 | Aug percentsun = 49
| Jul percentsun = 43 | Sep percentsun = 49
| Aug percentsun = 49 | Oct percentsun = 44
| Sep percentsun = 49 | Nov percentsun = 38
| Oct percentsun = 44 | Dec percentsun = 31
| Nov percentsun = 38 | year percentsun =
| Dec percentsun = 31 | Jan snow days = 1.1
| year percentsun = | Feb snow days = 0.4
|Jan snow days = 1.1 | Mar snow days = 0
|Feb snow days = 0.4 | Apr snow days = 0
|Mar snow days = 0 | May snow days = 0
|Apr snow days = 0 | Jun snow days = 0
|May snow days = 0 | Jul snow days = 0
|Jun snow days = 0 | Aug snow days = 0
|Jul snow days = 0 | Sep snow days = 0
|Aug snow days = 0 | Oct snow days = 0
|Sep snow days = 0 | Nov snow days = 0
|Oct snow days = 0 | Dec snow days = 0.5
|Nov snow days = 0 | year snow days =
⚫ | source 1 = ]<ref name="cma graphical">{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=] |language = zh-hans |access-date=28 May 2023}}</ref><ref>
|Dec snow days = 0.5
|year snow days =
⚫ |source 1 = ] (precipitation days, snow days, sunshine 1991–2020)<ref name="cma graphical">{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=] |language = zh-hans |access-date=28 May 2023}}</ref><ref>
{{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=] |language = zh-hans | access-date =28 May 2023}}</ref><ref name="CMA old"> {{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=] |language = zh-hans | access-date =28 May 2023}}</ref><ref name="CMA old">
{{cite web|url=http://old-cdc.cma.gov.cn/shuju/search1.jsp?dsid=SURF_CLI_CHN_MUL_MMON_19712000_CES&tpcat=SURF&type=table&pageid=3 |script-title=zh:中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1971－2000年）|publisher=] |accessdate=2010-05-25 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921055035/http://old-cdc.cma.gov.cn/shuju/search1.jsp?dsid=SURF_CLI_CHN_MUL_MMON_19712000_CES&tpcat=SURF&type=table&pageid=3 |archivedate=2013-09-21 {{cite web|url=http://old-cdc.cma.gov.cn/shuju/search1.jsp?dsid=SURF_CLI_CHN_MUL_MMON_19712000_CES&tpcat=SURF&type=table&pageid=3 |script-title=zh:中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1971－2000年）|publisher=] |accessdate=2010-05-25 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921055035/http://old-cdc.cma.gov.cn/shuju/search1.jsp?dsid=SURF_CLI_CHN_MUL_MMON_19712000_CES&tpcat=SURF&type=table&pageid=3 |archivedate=2013-09-21
}}</ref>all-time extreme temperature<ref name = Mherrera>{{cite web
|url= http://www.mherrera.org/temp.htm
|title= Extreme Temperatures Around the World
|access-date= 2024-09-09
}}</ref> }}</ref>
| source =
}} }}


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*Local agricultural products: ], summer orange, ], ], moon persimmon, Lipu Taro, Sanhua Alcohol, ], ], Guilin Rice Noodle, ], ], fish and dried bean milk cream in tight rolls *Local agricultural products: ], summer orange, ], ], moon persimmon, Lipu Taro, Sanhua Alcohol, ], ], Guilin Rice Noodle, ], ], fish and dried bean milk cream in tight rolls


Until 1949 only a thermal power plant, a cement works, and some small textile mills existed as signs of industrialization in Guilin.<ref name="Encyclopædia Britannica Online"/> However, since the 1950s Guilin has added electronics, engineering, and agricultural equipment, medicine, rubber, buses, textile, and cotton yarn factories. Food processing, including the processing of local agricultural produce, remains the most important industry. More recent and modern industry features high technology, and the tertiary industry is characterized by tourism trading and service.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.china-window.com/china_economy/china_economy_guide/china-economy-guilin.shtml | title=Guilin Economy; china Window | access-date=11 July 2013}}</ref> Until 1949 only a thermal power plant, a cement works, and some small textile mills existed as signs of industrialization in Guilin.<ref name="Encyclopædia Britannica Online"/> However, since the 1950s Guilin has added electronics, engineering, and agricultural equipment, medicine, rubber, buses, textile, and cotton yarn factories. Food processing, including the processing of local agricultural produce, remains the most important industry. More recent and modern industry features high technology, and the tertiary industry is characterized by tourism trading and service.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.china-window.com/china_economy/china_economy_guide/china-economy-guilin.shtml | title=Guilin Economy; china Window | access-date=11 July 2013 | archive-date=12 September 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912072531/http://www.china-window.com/china_economy/china_economy_guide/china-economy-guilin.shtml | url-status=dead }}</ref>

Citizens of ] states do not need a visa to visit Guilin if part of a tour lasting a maximum of 144 hours (not including the day of arrival).<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.scmp.com/economy/china-economy/article/3242168/4-visa-free-ways-travel-china-land-sea-and-air-72-hours-30-days |title=5 visa-free ways to travel to China by land, sea and air for 72 hours and up to 30 days |author=Ralph Jennings |publisher=South China Morning Post |date=21 November 2023 |access-date=16 January 2024}}</ref>


==Transportation== ==Transportation==
===Air=== ===Air===
]]] ]]]
The airport is ](ICAO:ZGKL, IATA:KWL). Airlines that fly to the airport are: The airport is ] (ICAO:ZGKL, IATA:KWL). Airlines that fly to the airport are:


*] *]
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===Rail=== ===Rail===
]]] ]]]
Guilin has the most high-speed rail stations out of all cities in China. There are {{rws|Guilin North}}, {{rws|Guilin West}}, Guilin, and a new station in the ]. Guilin has several high-speed rail stations, {{rws|Guilin North}}, {{rws|Guilin West}}, Guilin, and a new station in the ].
Guilin station and Guilin North station are on the ], ] and ], the main railways connecting Guangxi with central and southern China. Arriving at North Station, high-speed trains between Guilin and ] and ] came into operation in December 2013. In December 2014, high-speed operations began connecting ], ], ], and ]. This made it more convenient for people to come to Guilin. It takes only about 2 or 3 hours from Guangzhou to Guilin, 9 hours from Shanghai to Guilin, and 13 hours from Beijing to Guilin.<ref name=Guilin> Guilin station and Guilin North station are on the ], ] and ], the main railways connecting Guangxi with central and southern China. Arriving at North Station, high-speed trains between Guilin and ] and ] came into operation in December 2013. In December 2014, high-speed operations began connecting ], ], ], and ]. This made it more convenient for people to come to Guilin. It takes only about 2 or 3 hours from Guangzhou to Guilin, 9 hours from Shanghai to Guilin, and 13 hours from Beijing to Guilin.<ref name=Guilin>
Accessed 2014-12-29</ref> Trains traveling between ] and ] stations (for example) stop at ].<ref name=GuilinWest> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190213005725/https://uk.trip.com/trains/ScheduleResult/Index?=1&DepartureCity=Kunming+South+%28%E6%98%86%E6%98%8E%E5%8D%97%29%2C+Yunnan&ArrivalCity=Hong+Kong+West+Kowloon+%28%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E8%A5%BF%E4%B9%9D%E9%BE%99%29%2C+Hong+Kong&DepartureStation=&TrainNo=&DepartureCityPinyin=%E6%98%86%E6%98%8E%E5%8D%97&ArrivalCityPinyin=%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E8%A5%BF%E4%B9%9D%E9%BE%99&DepartureStationPinyin=&hidSearchType=1 |date=13 February 2019 }} Accessed 2019-02-12</ref> Accessed 2014-12-29</ref> Trains traveling between ] and ] stations (for example) stop at ].<ref name=GuilinWest> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190213005725/https://uk.trip.com/trains/ScheduleResult/Index?=1&DepartureCity=Kunming+South+%28%E6%98%86%E6%98%8E%E5%8D%97%29%2C+Yunnan&ArrivalCity=Hong+Kong+West+Kowloon+%28%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E8%A5%BF%E4%B9%9D%E9%BE%99%29%2C+Hong+Kong&DepartureStation=&TrainNo=&DepartureCityPinyin=%E6%98%86%E6%98%8E%E5%8D%97&ArrivalCityPinyin=%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E8%A5%BF%E4%B9%9D%E9%BE%99&DepartureStationPinyin=&hidSearchType=1 |date=13 February 2019 }} Accessed 2019-02-12</ref>


===Urban=== ===Urban===
] double decker bus operating in Guilin]]
The city's public transportation includes bus routes and taxis. Guilin is the leading city in Mainland China operating ]es regularly on major routes; in its main street, the double-deckers run one by one almost every minute. Sightseeing boats also run on the city's canals and lakes. The city's public transportation includes bus routes and taxis. Guilin is the leading city in Mainland China operating ]es regularly on major routes; in its main street, the double-deckers run one by one almost every minute. Sightseeing boats also run on the city's canals and lakes.


Line 433: Line 468:


==Public colleges and universities== ==Public colleges and universities==
] ] is now a campus of ].]]


*] *]
Line 444: Line 478:


==Scenic spots== ==Scenic spots==
{{Main|Guilin Scenic Area}}
<gallery heights="150px" perrow="5" mode="packed"> <gallery heights="150px" perrow="5" mode="packed">
1 li jiang guilin yangshuo 2011.jpg|The ] connects Guilin and ] 1 li jiang guilin yangshuo 2011.jpg|The ] connects Guilin and ]
87340-Li-River (29881879337).jpg|Ship tour on Li River
1 ping an longji terrace 2011.jpg|] (Ping An) 1 ping an longji terrace 2011.jpg|] (Ping An)
1 pano cuiping yangshuo 2016.jpg|Cuiping Village 1 pano cuiping yangshuo 2016.jpg|Cuiping Village
Line 453: Line 489:
Reed flute cave.jpg|Reed flute cave Reed flute cave.jpg|Reed flute cave
Guilin scenic.jpg|Scenic view of the town from Seven-star Park Guilin scenic.jpg|Scenic view of the town from Seven-star Park
Longji rice terraces - 2023 10 11 Kaur Virunurm.jpg|Longji rice terraces
</gallery> </gallery>
{{right|{{Commons category|Guilin}}}} {{right|{{Commons category|Guilin}}}}
Scenic spots around Guilin include: ] around Guilin include:
*], a royal complex dating from the ] that lies near the center of modern Guilin *], a royal complex dating from the ] that lies near the center of modern Guilin
*] *]
Line 485: Line 522:
] ]
Guilin ] have been the local breakfast staple since the Qin dynasty and are renowned for their delicate taste. Legend has it that when Qin troops suffering from diarrhea entered this region, a cook created the Guilin rice noodles for the army because they had trouble eating the local food. Specifically, the local specialty is noodles with ], but this dish can also be ordered without the horse meat. '']'', a dumpling made from ] and mung bean paste wrapped in a bamboo or banana leaf is another popular delicacy in Guilin. Guilin ] have been the local breakfast staple since the Qin dynasty and are renowned for their delicate taste. Legend has it that when Qin troops suffering from diarrhea entered this region, a cook created the Guilin rice noodles for the army because they had trouble eating the local food. Specifically, the local specialty is noodles with ], but this dish can also be ordered without the horse meat. '']'', a dumpling made from ] and mung bean paste wrapped in a bamboo or banana leaf is another popular delicacy in Guilin.

== Military ==
Guilin is the garrision of the {{ill|122nd Medium Combined Arms Brigade|zh|中国人民解放军陆军合成第一二二旅}}, ] which is equipped with the ] and ]


==Quotes== ==Quotes==
:"I often sent pictures of the hills of Guilin which I painted to friends back home, but few believed what they saw." :"I often sent pictures of the hills of Guilin which I painted to friends back home, but few believed what they saw."
::- ] (Chinese ] scholar)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chinavista.com/travel/guilin/main.html|title=Guilin Tours, Guilin Tour Packages, China Travel Agency|access-date=19 April 2016|archive-date=29 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190729015350/http://www.chinavista.com/travel/guilin/main.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> ::- ] (Chinese ] scholar)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chinavista.com/travel/guilin/main.html|title=Guilin Tours, Guilin Tour Packages, China Travel Agency|access-date=19 April 2016|archive-date=29 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190729015350/http://www.chinavista.com/travel/guilin/main.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
:"Guilin's scenery is best among ]." ({{zh|s=桂林山水甲天下|hp=Guìlín shānshuǐ jiǎ tiānxià|links=no}}) :"] is best among ]." ({{zh|s=桂林山水甲天下|hp=Guìlín shānshuǐ jiǎ tiānxià|links=no}})
::- popular Chinese saying<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.glut.edu.cn/english/011guilin%20tour/001%20guilin%201.htm|title=Learn Chinese, Study Chinese, Language, Study in China, Travel in China, Guilin|access-date=19 April 2016|archive-date=29 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151229232340/http://en.glut.edu.cn/english/011guilin%20tour/001%20guilin%201.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> ::- Popular Chinese quote<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.glut.edu.cn/english/011guilin%20tour/001%20guilin%201.htm|title=Learn Chinese, Study Chinese, Language, Study in China, Travel in China, Guilin|access-date=19 April 2016|archive-date=29 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151229232340/http://en.glut.edu.cn/english/011guilin%20tour/001%20guilin%201.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>


==International relations== ==International relations==
Line 499: Line 539:


*{{flagdeco|JPN}} – ], Japan<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.yamanashi.jp/english/profile/documents/2008yamanashifactsandfigures.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=1 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924081143/http://www.pref.yamanashi.jp/english/profile/documents/2008yamanashifactsandfigures.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2015 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> – Lingchuan County *{{flagdeco|JPN}} – ], Japan<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.yamanashi.jp/english/profile/documents/2008yamanashifactsandfigures.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=1 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924081143/http://www.pref.yamanashi.jp/english/profile/documents/2008yamanashifactsandfigures.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2015 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> – Lingchuan County
*{{flagdeco|JPN}} – ], Japan<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kumamoto-if.or.jp/info/s_detail.asp?LC=e&PageID=3&l_id=3|title=Kumamoto International Foundation|access-date=19 April 2016|archive-date=13 April 2016|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6gkE2pvnD?url=http://www.kumamoto-if.or.jp/info/s_detail.asp?LC=e|url-status=dead}}</ref> – Guilin *{{flagdeco|JPN}} – ], Japan<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kumamoto-if.or.jp/info/s_detail.asp?LC=e&PageID=3&l_id=3|title=Kumamoto International Foundation|access-date=19 April 2016|archive-date=27 May 2024|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240527195246/https://www.webcitation.org/6gkE2pvnD?url=http://www.kumamoto-if.or.jp/info/s_detail.asp%3FLC=e|url-status=dead}}</ref> – Guilin
*{{flagdeco|JPN}} – ], Japan – Guilin *{{flagdeco|JPN}} – ], Japan – Guilin
*{{flagdeco|JPN}} – ], Japan – Lingui *{{flagdeco|JPN}} – ], Japan – Lingui
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*{{flagdeco|NZL}} – ] *{{flagdeco|NZL}} – ]
*{{flagdeco|POL}} – ], Poland<ref name="Toruń twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.torun.pl/pl/node/1700|title=Miasta bliźniacze Torunia|access-date=2013-08-22|work=Urząd Miasta Torunia |language=pl|trans-title=Toruń's twin towns}}</ref> *{{flagdeco|POL}} – ], Poland<ref name="Toruń twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.torun.pl/pl/node/1700|title=Miasta bliźniacze Torunia|access-date=2013-08-22|work=Urząd Miasta Torunia |language=pl|trans-title=Toruń's twin towns}}</ref>
*{{flagdeco|US}} – ], United States<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cityoforlando.net/international/global_connex/asia.htm |title=City of Orlando International Affairs |access-date=18 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130412060509/http://www.cityoforlando.net/international/global_connex/asia.htm |archive-date=12 April 2013 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> *{{flagdeco|US}} – ], United States<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cityoforlando.net/international/global_connex/asia.htm |title=City of Orlando International Affairs |access-date=18 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130412060509/http://www.cityoforlando.net/international/global_connex/asia.htm |archive-date=12 April 2013 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
*{{flagdeco|MEX}} – ], ], Mexico<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oem.com.mx/elsoldehidalgo/notas/n2042191.htm|title=Tlaxcoapan se hermana con Guilin, China|access-date=19 April 2016}}</ref> *{{flagdeco|MEX}} – ], ], Mexico<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oem.com.mx/elsoldehidalgo/notas/n2042191.htm|title=Tlaxcoapan se hermana con Guilin, China|access-date=19 April 2016|archive-date=21 October 2013|archive-url=https://archive.today/20131021063012/http://www.oem.com.mx/elsoldehidalgo/notas/n2042191.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*{{flagdeco|MYS}} – ], ] *{{flagdeco|MYS}} – ], ]


The Guilin relationship with the New Zealand city Hastings started in 1977, after a research scientist, Stuart Falconer, identified several common areas of interest between the two cities, including horticulture and their rural-urban mix.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hastingsdc.govt.nz/sister-city|title=Hastings-Guilin Sister City relationship|access-date=19 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100323033839/http://www.hastingsdc.govt.nz/sister-city|archive-date=23 March 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Guilin relationship with the New Zealand city Hastings started in 1977, after a research scientist, Stuart Falconer, identified several common areas of interest between the two cities, including horticulture and their rural-urban mix.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hastingsdc.govt.nz/sister-city|title=Hastings-Guilin Sister City relationship|access-date=19 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100323033839/http://www.hastingsdc.govt.nz/sister-city|archive-date=23 March 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref>
In 1997 Guilin commenced an exchange relationship with ], Japan.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.city.ota.gunma.jp/005gyosei/0020-007kikaku-kouryu/kokusaikouryu/keirin.html |script-title=ja:中華人民共和国広西壮族自治区桂林市 |trans-title= Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China |language=ja |access-date=20 June 2016}}</ref> In 1997 Guilin commenced an exchange relationship with ], Japan.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.city.ota.gunma.jp/005gyosei/0020-007kikaku-kouryu/kokusaikouryu/keirin.html |script-title=ja:中華人民共和国広西壮族自治区桂林市 |trans-title=Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China |language=ja |access-date=20 June 2016 |archive-date=15 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200315091714/https://www.city.ota.gunma.jp/005gyosei/0020-007kikaku-kouryu/kokusaikouryu/keirin.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>


==Notable residents== ==Notable people==
* ], general and politician
⚫ * ] (born 1942), Israeli ] professor at the ]
* ], badminton player
⚫ * ] (born 2002), climate activist
* ], general and ], vice-president and ] ]
⚫ * ] (born 1937), writer
* ], scientist, educator and politician
⚫ * ], news anchor for China Central Television
⚫ * ], climate activist
⚫ * ], news anchor for ]
⚫ * ], writer
* ], actor and dancer
* ], weightlifter
* ], general and politician, first president of the ]
⚫ * ], Israeli professor of ] at the ]


==See also== ==See also==
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* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ], a popular tourist destination in Vietnam with similar karst formations
* ] - 2 ships


== References == == References ==
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==External links== ==External links==
{{Commons|Guilin|Guilin}} {{Commons|2=Guilin}}
{{Wikivoyage}} {{Wikivoyage}}
* {{in lang|zh}} * {{in lang|zh}}

Latest revision as of 01:09, 10 January 2025

Prefecture-level city in Guangxi
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Prefecture-level city in Guangxi, People's Republic of China
Guilin 桂林市 • Gveilinz SiKweilin
Prefecture-level city
From left to right, top to bottom: View of Guilin city; Elephant Trunk Hill, Sun and Moon Pagodas; Longsheng Rice Terraces, Jingjiang Princes' Palace, Reed Flute Cave; Yangshuo scenery
Location of Guilin City jurisdiction in GuangxiLocation of Guilin City jurisdiction in Guangxi
Guilin is located in ChinaGuilinGuilinLocation in China
Coordinates (Guilin Central Square (桂林中心广场)): 25°16′30″N 110°17′46″E / 25.275°N 110.296°E / 25.275; 110.296
CountryPeople's Republic of China
Autonomous regionGuangxi
Area
 • Prefecture-level city27,797 km (10,732 sq mi)
 • Urban2,753 km (1,063 sq mi)
 • Metro5,041 km (1,946 sq mi)
Elevation153 m (502 ft)
Population
 • Prefecture-level city4,931,137
 • Density180/km (460/sq mi)
 • Urban1,725,865
 • Urban density630/km (1,600/sq mi)
 • Metro2,148,641
 • Metro density430/km (1,100/sq mi)
GDP
 • Prefecture-level cityCN¥ 231.1 billion
US$ 35.8 billion
 • Per capitaCN¥ 46,767
US$ 7,249
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code541XXX
Area code0773
ISO 3166 codeCN-GX-03
License plate prefixes桂C for Guilin's city proper, Yangshuo, and Lingui; all others 桂H
Websitewww.guilin.gov.cn
Guilin
"Guìlín" in Chinese characters
Chinese name
Chinese桂林
Hanyu PinyinGuìlín
PostalKweilin
Literal meaning"Sweet Osmanthus Forest"
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinGuìlín
Bopomofoㄍㄨㄟˋ   ㄌㄧㄣˊ
Gwoyeu RomatzyhGueylin
Wade–GilesKuei-lin
Yale RomanizationGwèilín
IPA
Hakka
RomanizationKui-lìm
Yue: Cantonese
Yale RomanizationGwailàhm
JyutpingGwai3lam4
IPA
Zhuang name
ZhuangGveilinz
1957 orthographyGveilinƨ

Guilin (Standard Zhuang: Gveilinz), formerly romanized as Kweilin, is a prefecture-level city in the northeast of China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. It is situated on the west bank of the Li River and borders Hunan to the north. Its name means "forest of sweet osmanthus", owing to the large number of fragrant sweet osmanthus trees located in the region. The city has long been renowned for its scenery of karst topography.

Guilin is one of China's most popular tourist destinations, and the epithet "By water, by mountains, most lovely, Guilin" (山水甲天下) is often associated with the city. The State Council of China has designated Guilin a National Famous Historical and Cultural City, doing so in the first edition of the list.

History

Before the Qin dynasty, the Guilin region was settled by the Baiyue people. In 314 BC, a small settlement was established along the banks of the Li River.

During the Qin dynasty's (221–206 BC) campaigns against the state of Nanyue, the first administration was set up in the area around Guilin. The modern city was located within the Guilin Commandery, which is the origin of the modern name "Guilin".

In 111 BC, during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han dynasty, Shi'an County (simplified Chinese: 始安县; traditional Chinese: 始安縣) was established, which could be regarded as the beginning of the city.

In AD 507, the town was renamed Guizhou (Gui Prefecture, 桂州).

In 634, Lingui County was established at the modern site of Guilin, under Gui Prefecture. In 868, Pang Xun rebelled against the Tang from Gui Prefecture.

Guilin prospered in the Tang and Song dynasties but remained a county. The city was also a nexus between the central government and the southwest border, and it was where regular armies were placed to guard that border. Canals were built through the city so that food supplies could be directly transported from the food-productive Yangtze plain to the farthest southwestern point of the empire.

In 997, Guangnan West Circuit, the predecessor of modern Guangxi, was established, with Guizhou as the capital. In 1133, Guizhou was renamed Jingjiang Prefecture (simplified Chinese: 静江路; traditional Chinese: 靜江路). In 1367, the name was changed to Guilin Prefecture (桂林府).

In 1921, Guilin became one of the headquarters of the Northern Expeditionary Army led by Sun Yat-sen. In 1940, Guilin City was established. Guilin was the provincial capital of Guangxi before 1912 and from 1936 to 1949.

Guilin became one of the most important military, transport, and cultural centers of China during World War II. The city drastically expanded as refugees from all over China poured in, and by 1944 its population had grown from 70,000 pre-war to more than 500,000. It hosted intellectuals and artists including Guo Moruo, Mao Dun, Ba Jin, Tian Han, Xu Beihong, Feng Zikai and many others.

In 1950, the provincial capital of Guangxi was moved from Guilin to Nanning.

In 1981, Guilin was listed by the State Council as one of the four cities (the other three being Beijing, Hangzhou, and Suzhou) where the protection of historical and cultural heritage, as well as natural scenery, should be treated as a priority project.

Administrative divisions

Statue of Ma Yuan at Fuboshan, Guilin.
Streets of Guilin during World War II

Guilin administers seventeen county-level divisions, including 6 districts, 8 counties, 2 autonomous counties, and 1 county-level city.

Map
Xiufeng Diecai Xiangshan Qixing Yanshan Lingui Yangshuo
County Lingchuan
County Quanzhou
County Xing'an
County Yongfu
County Guanyang
County Longsheng
County Ziyuan
County Pingle
County Gongcheng
County Lipu
(city)

Geography

Map including Guilin (labeled as 桂林 KUEI-LIN (KWEILIN) (Walled)) (AMS, 1954)

Guilin is located in northern Guangxi, bordering Liuzhou to the west, Laibin to the southwest, Wuzhou to the south, Hezhou to the southeast, and within neighbouring Hunan, Huaihua to the northwest, Shaoyang to the north, and Yongzhou to the east. It has a total area of 27,809 square kilometres (10,737 sq mi). The topography of the area is marked by karst formations. The karsts surrounding Guilin are made of Triassic period limestone and dolomite rocks. The Li River flows through the city.

Climate

Fog on the Li River

Guilin has a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa, bordering on Cwa), with short, mild winters, and long, hot, humid summers. Winter begins dry but becomes progressively wetter and cloudier. Spring is generally overcast and often rainy, while summer continues to be rainy though is the sunniest time of year. Autumn is sunny and dry. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from 8.1 °C (46.6 °F) in January to 28.2 °C (82.8 °F) in July, and the annual mean is 19.12 °C (66.4 °F). The annual rainfall is just under 1,890 mm (74 in) and is delivered in bulk (~50%) from April to June, when the plum rains occur and often create the risk of flooding. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 14% in March to 53% in September, the city receives 1,487 hours of bright sunshine annually. Extremes since 1951 have ranged from −4.9 °C (23 °F) (though an unofficial record low of −5.0 °C (23 °F) was recorded on 25 January 1940) to 40.3 °C (105 °F).

Climate data for Guilin (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 27.6
(81.7) 		32.8
(91.0) 		33.7
(92.7) 		35.6
(96.1) 		36.6
(97.9) 		37.4
(99.3) 		40.3
(104.5) 		39.4
(102.9) 		38.5
(101.3) 		35.6
(96.1) 		32.6
(90.7) 		27.6
(81.7) 		40.3
(104.5)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 11.7
(53.1) 		14.2
(57.6) 		17.5
(63.5) 		23.7
(74.7) 		27.9
(82.2) 		30.5
(86.9) 		32.8
(91.0) 		33.2
(91.8) 		30.8
(87.4) 		26.3
(79.3) 		20.8
(69.4) 		14.9
(58.8) 		23.7
(74.6)
Daily mean °C (°F) 8.4
(47.1) 		10.6
(51.1) 		13.9
(57.0) 		19.6
(67.3) 		23.7
(74.7) 		26.6
(79.9) 		28.4
(83.1) 		28.4
(83.1) 		26.0
(78.8) 		21.5
(70.7) 		16.2
(61.2) 		10.8
(51.4) 		19.5
(67.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 6.1
(43.0) 		8.3
(46.9) 		11.4
(52.5) 		16.6
(61.9) 		20.7
(69.3) 		23.8
(74.8) 		25.2
(77.4) 		25.0
(77.0) 		22.6
(72.7) 		18.3
(64.9) 		13.1
(55.6) 		8.0
(46.4) 		16.6
(61.9)
Record low °C (°F) −4.9
(23.2) 		−3.6
(25.5) 		0.0
(32.0) 		4.0
(39.2) 		10.7
(51.3) 		13.0
(55.4) 		18.2
(64.8) 		18.3
(64.9) 		12.9
(55.2) 		6.1
(43.0) 		0.7
(33.3) 		−3.3
(26.1) 		−4.9
(23.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 68.9
(2.71) 		83.9
(3.30) 		153.0
(6.02) 		226.7
(8.93) 		321.1
(12.64) 		448.7
(17.67) 		266.3
(10.48) 		147.6
(5.81) 		80.9
(3.19) 		54.9
(2.16) 		81.9
(3.22) 		54.1
(2.13) 		1,988
(78.26)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 13.5 13.6 19.3 18.5 18.2 18.5 16.1 12.5 7.9 7.1 9.2 10.1 164.5
Average snowy days 1.1 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5 2
Average relative humidity (%) 71 73 78 78 78 81 77 75 70 66 67 65 73
Mean monthly sunshine hours 58.4 52.2 55.0 78.7 113.1 113.3 180.6 197.2 180.3 157.1 122.9 102.1 1,410.9
Percent possible sunshine 18 16 15 21 27 28 43 49 49 44 38 31 32
Source: China Meteorological Administrationall-time extreme temperature

Demographics

According to the 2020 Chinese census its population was 4,931,137 inhabitants and 2,148,641 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of 6 urban Districts plus Lingchuan County now being conurbated. According to the 2010 Chinese census, the largest ethnic group in the prefecture-level city was Han Chinese, accounting for 84.53% of the total population. This was followed by Yao at 7.79% and Zhuang at 4.81%. Citizens of Guilin's urban area speak a dialect of Mandarin, while Pinghua is predominantly spoken in suburbs and surrounding areas.

Economy

Guilin Museum and Library

Until 1949 only a thermal power plant, a cement works, and some small textile mills existed as signs of industrialization in Guilin. However, since the 1950s Guilin has added electronics, engineering, and agricultural equipment, medicine, rubber, buses, textile, and cotton yarn factories. Food processing, including the processing of local agricultural produce, remains the most important industry. More recent and modern industry features high technology, and the tertiary industry is characterized by tourism trading and service.

Citizens of ASEAN states do not need a visa to visit Guilin if part of a tour lasting a maximum of 144 hours (not including the day of arrival).

Transportation

Air

Guilin Liangjiang International Airport

The airport is Guilin Liangjiang International Airport (ICAO:ZGKL, IATA:KWL). Airlines that fly to the airport are:

Rail

Guilin North railway station

Guilin has several high-speed rail stations, Guilin North, Guilin West, Guilin, and a new station in the Lingui District. Guilin station and Guilin North station are on the Hunan–Guangxi railway, Hengyang–Liuzhou intercity railway and Guiyang–Guangzhou high-speed railway, the main railways connecting Guangxi with central and southern China. Arriving at North Station, high-speed trains between Guilin and Changsha and Beijing came into operation in December 2013. In December 2014, high-speed operations began connecting Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Guiyang, and Shanghai. This made it more convenient for people to come to Guilin. It takes only about 2 or 3 hours from Guangzhou to Guilin, 9 hours from Shanghai to Guilin, and 13 hours from Beijing to Guilin. Trains traveling between Kunming South and West Kowloon stations (for example) stop at Guilin West railway station.

Urban

A BYD K8S double decker bus operating in Guilin

The city's public transportation includes bus routes and taxis. Guilin is the leading city in Mainland China operating double-decker buses regularly on major routes; in its main street, the double-deckers run one by one almost every minute. Sightseeing boats also run on the city's canals and lakes.

A Guilin Metro is planned for 7 lines by 2040 with 117 stations and a total length of 273.2 kilometres. Line 1 is planned to have been opened by 2025, and it will be 29.23 km with 13 stations.

Public colleges and universities

Note: Institutions without full-time bachelor programs are not listed.

Scenic spots

Main article: Guilin Scenic Area

Scenic spots around Guilin include:

Cuisine

Guilin pickled tofu

Guilin cuisine is a mixture of Cantonese cuisine and Zhuang cuisine. It is known for its snacks and the use of spices, especially chili. Guilin chili sauce (桂林辣椒酱), used widely in cooking by locals, is made of fresh chili, garlic, and fermented soybeans, and is considered one of the city's Three Treasures (桂林三宝). The other two of the Three Treasures are Guilin Sanhua Jiu (桂林三花酒), a variety of rice baijiu, or liquor distilled from rice; and Guilin pickled tofu.

Guilin rice noodles

Guilin rice noodles have been the local breakfast staple since the Qin dynasty and are renowned for their delicate taste. Legend has it that when Qin troops suffering from diarrhea entered this region, a cook created the Guilin rice noodles for the army because they had trouble eating the local food. Specifically, the local specialty is noodles with horse meat, but this dish can also be ordered without the horse meat. Zongzi, a dumpling made from glutinous rice and mung bean paste wrapped in a bamboo or banana leaf is another popular delicacy in Guilin.

Military

Guilin is the garrision of the 122nd Medium Combined Arms Brigade [zh], 75th Group Army which is equipped with the ZBL-08 and ZTL-11

Quotes

"I often sent pictures of the hills of Guilin which I painted to friends back home, but few believed what they saw."
- Fan Chengda (Chinese Song dynasty scholar)
"Guilin's scenery is best among all under heaven." (Chinese: 桂林山水甲天下; pinyin: Guìlín shānshuǐ jiǎ tiānxià)
- Popular Chinese quote

International relations

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in China

Twin towns—Sister cities

Guilin is twinned with:

The Guilin relationship with the New Zealand city Hastings started in 1977, after a research scientist, Stuart Falconer, identified several common areas of interest between the two cities, including horticulture and their rural-urban mix. In 1997 Guilin commenced an exchange relationship with Ōta, Gunma, Japan.

Notable people

See also

References

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Further reading

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