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| | name = Amitabha Tathāgata (Amida Nyorai) and Two Attendants (Donated to Hōryūji) | | name = Amitabha Tathāgata (Amida Nyorai) and Two Attendants (Donated to Hōryūji) | ||
| | native_name = 銅造阿弥陀如来及両脇侍像（法隆寺献納） | | native_name = 銅造阿弥陀如来及両脇侍像（法隆寺献納） | ||
| Dō Zō Amida Nyorai jí Ryō Waki Samurai Zō ( |
Dō Zō Amida Nyorai jí Ryō Waki Samurai Zō (Hōryūji Ken'nō) | ||
| | native_name_lang = Japanese | | native_name_lang = Japanese | ||
| | image = Periodo asuka, amitabha e due assitenti, VII sec.JPG | | image = Periodo asuka, amitabha e due assitenti, VII sec.JPG | ||
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| }} | }} | ||
| The '''Yamada-den Amida Triad''', or '''Hōryūji Treasure N-144''' is a 7th century sculpture, from the ] depicting the Amida Triad, represented by the Buddha ], accompanied by ] ] and ]. Once a part of ], |
The '''Yamada-den Amida Triad''', or '''Hōryūji Treasure N-144''' is a 7th century sculpture, from the ] depicting the Amida Triad, represented by the Buddha ], accompanied by ] ] and ]. Once a part of ], it is currently owned by the ] as part of the ]. It is designated an ] It is oldest depiction of the Amida Triad in ].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=e-Museum - Amitabha Tathāgata (Amida Nyorai) and two attendants |url=https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/detail?langId=en&webView=&content_base_id=100718&content_part_id=0&content_pict_id=0 |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=emuseum.nich.go.jp}}</ref> | ||
| == History == | == History == | ||
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| The reverse of the statue base reveals a description attesting to a possible origin: Yamada-den-no-zō (山田殿像), or "Yamada Hall Statue", with Yamada (山田), likely referring to ] (山田寺), founded by ]. Whether the statue was an image at Yamada-dera before its transfer to Hōryū-ji remains uncertain.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Wu |first=Hong |url=https://brill.com/view/title/70516 |title=Rethinking Asuka Sculpture: A Revised Conception of Buddhist Spread in East Asia, 538-710 |date=2024-08-05 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-70192-2 |doi=10.1163/9789004701922_003}}</ref> | The reverse of the statue base reveals a description attesting to a possible origin: Yamada-den-no-zō (山田殿像), or "Yamada Hall Statue", with Yamada (山田), likely referring to ] (山田寺), founded by ]. Whether the statue was an image at Yamada-dera before its transfer to Hōryū-ji remains uncertain.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Wu |first=Hong |url=https://brill.com/view/title/70516 |title=Rethinking Asuka Sculpture: A Revised Conception of Buddhist Spread in East Asia, 538-710 |date=2024-08-05 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-70192-2 |doi=10.1163/9789004701922_003}}</ref> | ||
| During the ], the ] acquired 319 artifacts from Hōryū-ji, including the Amida Triad, whereupon it got transferred over to the Tokyo National Museum collection, receiving its designation as N-144.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-16 |title=The new digital exhibition at the Gallery of Horyuji Treasures: A modern way to explore the art of ancient Japan |url=https://japantoday.com/category/features/travel/the-new-digital-exhibition-at-the-gallery-of-horyuji-treasures-a-modern-way-to-explore-the-art-of-ancient-japan-2 |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=Japan Today |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=ColBase |url=https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/N-144?locale=en |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=colbase.nich.go.jp}}</ref> | During the ] in 1878, the ] acquired 319 artifacts from Hōryū-ji, including the Amida Triad, whereupon it got transferred over to the Tokyo National Museum collection, receiving its designation as N-144.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-16 |title=The new digital exhibition at the Gallery of Horyuji Treasures: A modern way to explore the art of ancient Japan |url=https://japantoday.com/category/features/travel/the-new-digital-exhibition-at-the-gallery-of-horyuji-treasures-a-modern-way-to-explore-the-art-of-ancient-japan-2 |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=Japan Today |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=ColBase |url=https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/N-144?locale=en |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=colbase.nich.go.jp}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=東京国立博物館 -トーハク- |title=TOKYO NATIONAL MUSEUM |url=https://www.tnm.jp/modules/r_exhibition/index.php?controller=hall&hid=16&lang=en |access-date=2025-01-10 |website=www.tnm.jp |language=en}}</ref> | ||
| On 29 May 1965, it received the designation of Important Cultural Property by the ] under Catalogue No. 03177.<ref>{{Cite web |title=国指定文化財等データベース |url=https://kunishitei.bunka.go.jp/heritage/detail/201/4848 |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=kunishitei.bunka.go.jp}}</ref> | On 29 May 1965, it received the designation of Important Cultural Property by the ] under Catalogue No. 03177.<ref>{{Cite web |title=国指定文化財等データベース |url=https://kunishitei.bunka.go.jp/heritage/detail/201/4848 |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=kunishitei.bunka.go.jp}}</ref> | ||
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| The Yamada-den Triad consists of detachable parts consisting of gilded bronze.<ref name=":2" /> The Amida Triad has been identified based upon the corresponding bodhisattvas, the water-jug in the crown of the left bodhisattva denotes it as Seishi, and the right bodhisattva is identified as Kannon based upon the Buddha in their crown, therefore identifing the central Buddha as Amitābha.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> | The Yamada-den Triad consists of detachable parts consisting of gilded bronze.<ref name=":2" /> The Amida Triad has been identified based upon the corresponding bodhisattvas, the water-jug in the crown of the left bodhisattva denotes it as Seishi, and the right bodhisattva is identified as Kannon based upon the Buddha in their crown, therefore identifing the central Buddha as Amitābha.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> | ||
| ] component of the Triad]] | ] component of the Triad]] | ||
| The bodhisattvas are depicted with tapered chest, hip flare, |
The bodhisattvas are depicted with tapered chest, hip flare, and plank-like lower body, with naturalized proportions, presenting a later stage of Asuka art, catagorized as a Group III sculpture (Group I denoting the simplicity and archaic style of ] and ] art, Group II denoting ] conventions, and Group III denoting more naturalistic pose from Group II).<ref name=":1" /> Northern Qi and Sui convention is followed with the bodhisattvas' style of crown and jewelry, indicating Japan's quick adaptation to the trends of the time in China.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
| Amida is seen distinct from the body conventions, his body fully robed, chest puffed out, though the folds of the robes denote positioning of his otherwise covered limbs.<ref name=":1" /> | Amida is seen distinct from the body conventions, his body fully robed, chest puffed out, though the folds of the robes denote positioning of his otherwise covered limbs.<ref name=":1" /> | ||
Latest revision as of 06:19, 10 January 2025
Oldest Japanese Amida Triad Statue from Horyu-ji| Amitabha Tathāgata (Amida Nyorai) and Two Attendants (Donated to Hōryūji) | |
|---|---|
| 銅造阿弥陀如来及両脇侍像（法隆寺献納） Dō Zō Amida Nyorai jí Ryō Waki Samurai Zō (Hōryūji Ken'nō) | |
 | |
| Type | Buddhist sculpture |
| Material | Gilt Bronze sculpture |
| Size | (central statue) 28.4 cm (left attendant) 21.1 cm (right attendant) 21.3 cm |
| Created | Hōryū-ji, 7th century |
| Present location | Tokyo National Museum |
| Registration | Hōryūji Treasure N144 |
The Yamada-den Amida Triad, or Hōryūji Treasure N-144 is a 7th century sculpture, from the Asuka period depicting the Amida Triad, represented by the Buddha Amitābha, accompanied by bodhissatvas Kannon and Seishi (Mahasthamaprapta). Once a part of Hōryū-ji, it is currently owned by the Tokyo National Museum as part of the Hōryū-ji Treasure Gallery. It is designated an Important Cultural Property. It is oldest depiction of the Amida Triad in Japanese art.
History
Hōryū-ji was first established by Prince Shōtoku in the year 607, presenting an emergence and establishment of Japanese Buddhism. Subsequently in the Asuka period, the Hakuhō period presented the rapid expansion of Buddhist thought and aesthetics, with strong influence from the Northern Wei, Sui, and Tang dynasties.
The reverse of the statue base reveals a description attesting to a possible origin: Yamada-den-no-zō (山田殿像), or "Yamada Hall Statue", with Yamada (山田), likely referring to Yamada-dera (山田寺), founded by Soga no Kurayamada no Ishikawa no Maro. Whether the statue was an image at Yamada-dera before its transfer to Hōryū-ji remains uncertain.
During the Meiji era in 1878, the Imperial Household Agency acquired 319 artifacts from Hōryū-ji, including the Amida Triad, whereupon it got transferred over to the Tokyo National Museum collection, receiving its designation as N-144.
On 29 May 1965, it received the designation of Important Cultural Property by the Agency for Cultural Affairs under Catalogue No. 03177.
The transfer from Hōryū-ji presented the initiation and expansion of scholarship of Asuka art, of which as of 2024, 151 statues from the era have been identified so far.
Description
The Yamada-den Triad consists of detachable parts consisting of gilded bronze. The Amida Triad has been identified based upon the corresponding bodhisattvas, the water-jug in the crown of the left bodhisattva denotes it as Seishi, and the right bodhisattva is identified as Kannon based upon the Buddha in their crown, therefore identifing the central Buddha as Amitābha.
The bodhisattvas are depicted with tapered chest, hip flare, and plank-like lower body, with naturalized proportions, presenting a later stage of Asuka art, catagorized as a Group III sculpture (Group I denoting the simplicity and archaic style of Northern Wei and Eastern Wei art, Group II denoting Northern Qi conventions, and Group III denoting more naturalistic pose from Group II). Northern Qi and Sui convention is followed with the bodhisattvas' style of crown and jewelry, indicating Japan's quick adaptation to the trends of the time in China.
Amida is seen distinct from the body conventions, his body fully robed, chest puffed out, though the folds of the robes denote positioning of his otherwise covered limbs.
References
- ^ "e-Museum - Amitabha Tathāgata (Amida Nyorai) and two attendants". emuseum.nich.go.jp. Retrieved 2025-01-08.
- Buswell, R.E.J. (2013). The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
- Hakuhou jidai 白鳳時代, JAANUS (Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System); retrieved 24 Jan 2011.
- ^ Wu, Hong (2024-08-05). Rethinking Asuka Sculpture: A Revised Conception of Buddhist Spread in East Asia, 538-710. BRILL. doi:10.1163/9789004701922_003. ISBN 978-90-04-70192-2.
- "The new digital exhibition at the Gallery of Horyuji Treasures: A modern way to explore the art of ancient Japan". Japan Today. 2023-02-16. Retrieved 2025-01-08.
- ^ "ColBase". colbase.nich.go.jp. Retrieved 2025-01-08.
- 東京国立博物館 -トーハク-. "TOKYO NATIONAL MUSEUM". www.tnm.jp. Retrieved 2025-01-10.
- "国指定文化財等データベース". kunishitei.bunka.go.jp. Retrieved 2025-01-08.