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| {{short description| |
{{short description|Long-period comet}} | ||
| {{For|other comets discovered by John E. Mellish|Comet Mellish}} | |||
| {{Infobox comet | {{Infobox comet | ||
| | name = C/1907 G1 (Grigg–Mellish) | | name = C/1907 G1 (Grigg–Mellish) | ||
| Line 9: | Line 10: | ||
| | discovery_date = 8 April 1907 | | discovery_date = 8 April 1907 | ||
| | mpc_name = | | mpc_name = | ||
| | designations = 1907b | | designations = 1907b{{r|ICQ1}}<br>1907 II | ||
| | orbit_ref = {{r|jpl}} | | orbit_ref = {{r|jpl}} | ||
| | epoch = 18 April 1907 (] 2417683.5) | | epoch = 18 April 1907 (] 2417683.5) | ||
| Line 15: | Line 16: | ||
| | obs = 4 | | obs = 4 | ||
| | orbit = | | orbit = | ||
| | aphelion = |
| aphelion = 123.9 AU | ||
| | perihelion = 0. |
| perihelion = 0.924 AU | ||
| | semimajor = |
| semimajor = 62.43 AU | ||
| | eccentricity = 0. |
| eccentricity = 0.985205 | ||
| | period = 490 years | | period = ~490 years | ||
| | inclination = 109.95° | | inclination = 109.95° | ||
| | asc_node = 190.47° | | asc_node = 190.47° | ||
| Line 25: | Line 26: | ||
| | tjup = -0.322 | | tjup = -0.322 | ||
| | Earth_moid = 0.003 AU | | Earth_moid = 0.003 AU | ||
| | Jupiter_moid = | | Jupiter_moid = 1.351 AU | ||
| | dimensions = | | dimensions = | ||
| | physical_ref = | | physical_ref = | ||
| Line 32: | Line 33: | ||
| | magnitude = | | magnitude = | ||
| | last_p = 27 March 1907 | | last_p = 27 March 1907 | ||
| | next_p = |
| next_p = ~2400 | ||
| }} | }} | ||
| '''C/1907 G1 (Grigg–Mellish)''' is a ] discovered independently by ] and ] in April 1907. The comet has been identified as the parent body of the delta Pavonids ]. | '''C/1907 G1 (Grigg–Mellish)''' is a ] discovered independently by ] and ] in April 1907. The comet has been identified as the parent body of the delta Pavonids ]. | ||
| == Discovery and observations == | |||
| ], in ], discovered a nebulous object near ] on 8 April 1907, however the discovery wasn't communicated quickly enough for observers in the southern hemisphere to confirm the discovery.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Merfield |first1=C. J. |title=On the comet 1907 b |journal=Astronomische Nachrichten |date=January 1907 |volume=175 |issue=10 |pages=175–176 |doi=10.1002/asna.19071751011 |url=https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1907AN....175..175M}}</ref> The comet was found independently by amateur astronomer ], from ], on 14 April. The comet had an apparent magnitude of 11 upon discovery.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Our Astronomical Column |journal=Nature |date=1 April 1907 |volume=75 |issue=1955 |pages=593–593 |doi=10.1038/075593a0 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/075593a0 |language=en |issn=1476-4687}}</ref> The comet was also spotted by ] in a photographic plate exposed on 13 April while he was searching for comet Giacobini (1907a). The comet formed a trail 13.6 arcminutes long during the one hour the plate was exposed.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Barnard |first1=E. E. |title=Photographic observations of Mellish's comet 1907 b |journal=Astronomische Nachrichten |date=January 1907 |volume=175 |issue=23 |pages=377–380 |doi=10.1002/asna.19071752303}}</ref> The comet was reported to have a coma two arcminutes across and a broad tail 8 arcminutes long on 16 April. The comet faded rapidly and it was difficult to measure with the 36-inch telescope of ] on 7 May.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Aitken |first1=Robert Grant |last2=Fath |first2=Edward Arthur |title=Observations of Comet E 1906 (Kopff) ; Observation of Comet H 1906 ( Metcalf) ; Observations of Comet a 1907 (Giacobini) ; Observations of Comet B 1907 (Mellish) ; Observation of Comet C 1907 (Giacobini) ; Observations of Comet D 1907 (Daniel) ; Observations of Comet 1905 IV ( Kopff) ; Observations of (128) Nemesis |journal=Lick Observatory Bulletin |date=1 January 1907 |volume=120 |pages=148–151 |doi=10.5479/ADS/bib/1907LicOB.4.148A |url=https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1907LicOB...4..148A |issn=0075-9317}}</ref> | |||
| ], in ], discovered a nebulous object near the star ] on 8 April 1907, however the discovery wasn't communicated quickly enough for observers in the southern hemisphere to confirm the discovery.{{r|Merfield_1907}} The comet was found independently by amateur astronomer ], from ], on 14 April. The comet had an apparent magnitude of 11 upon discovery.{{r|Nature_1907}} The comet was also spotted by ] in a photographic plate exposed on 13 April while he was searching for comet ]. The comet formed a trail 13.6 arcminutes long during the one hour the plate was exposed.{{r|Barnard_1907}} The comet was reported to have a coma two arcminutes across and a broad tail 8 arcminutes long on 16 April. The comet faded rapidly and it was difficult to measure with the 36-inch telescope of ] on 7 May.{{r|Aitken_1907}} | |||
| The comet was found to have a similar orbit to comet C/1742 C1, |
The comet was found to have a similar orbit to comet ],{{r|Weiss_1907}} however comet Grigg–Mellish is intrinsically fainter than that comet. The comet's orbit passes very close to Earth, at a distance of {{convert|0.003|AU|e6km e6mi|abbr=unit}}; Earth passes that point on 30 March. Due to the small ], it was suggested to be a source of meteors with a radiant point at ] = {{RA|20.63}}, ] = {{DEC|–60.4}} and a speed of Vg = 59.0 km/s.{{r|Jenniskens_2020}} | ||
| == Meteor shower == | |||
| Comet Grigg–Mellish has been identified as the parent body of the delta Pavonids meteor shower. The shower has a ] (ZHR) of 5 meteors per hour and peaks at March 31. An outburst was observed in 2019. The orbit of the meteors indicates that comet has an orbital period of 447 ± 80 years. |
Comet Grigg–Mellish has been identified as the parent body of the delta Pavonids meteor shower. The shower has a ] (ZHR) of 5 meteors per hour and peaks at March 31. An outburst was observed in 2019. The orbit of the meteors indicates that comet has an orbital period of 447 ± 80 years.{{r|Jenniskens_2020}} | ||
| == References == | == References == | ||
| {{reflist|refs= | {{reflist|refs= | ||
| <ref name="Aitken_1907">{{cite journal | |||
| <ref name="Jenniskens2020">{{cite journal |last1=Jenniskens |first1=P. |last2=Lyytinen |first2=E. |last3=Baggaley |first3=J. |title=An outburst of delta Pavonids and the orbit of parent comet C/1907 G1 (Grigg-Mellish) |journal=Planetary and Space Science |date=September 2020 |volume=189 |pages=104979 |doi=10.1016/j.pss.2020.104979}}</ref> | |||
| | author1= R. G. Aitken | |||
| | author2= E. A. Fath | |||
| | title= Observations of Comet 1906e (Kopff) ; Observation of Comet 1906h (Metcalf) ; Observations of Comet 1907a (Giacobini) ; Observations of Comet 1907b (Mellish) ; Observation of Comet 1907c (Giacobini) ; Observations of Comet 1907d (Daniel) ; Observations of Comet 1905 IV (Kopff) ; Observations of (128) Nemesis | |||
| | url= https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/link_gateway/1907LicOB...4..148A/ADS_SCAN | |||
| | journal= Lick Observatory Bulletin | |||
| | year= 1907 | |||
| | volume= 120 | |||
| | pages= 148–151 | |||
| | bibcode= 1907LicOB...4..148A | |||
| | issn= 0075-9317 | |||
| | doi= 10.5479/ADS/bib/1907LicOB.4.148A | |||
| | doi-access= free }} | |||
| </ref> | |||
| <ref name="Barnard_1907">{{cite journal | |||
| | author1= E. E. Barnard | |||
| | title= Photographic observations of Mellish's comet 1907b | |||
| | url= https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/asna.19071752303 | |||
| | journal= Astronomische Nachrichten | |||
| | year= 1907 | |||
| | volume= 175 | |||
| | issue= 23 | |||
| | pages= 377–380 | |||
| | doi= 10.1002/asna.19071752303 | |||
| | doi-access= free }} | |||
| </ref> | |||
| <ref name="Jenniskens_2020">{{cite journal | |||
| | author1= P. Jenniskens | |||
| | author2= E. Lyytinen | |||
| | author3= J. Baggaley | |||
| | title= An outburst of delta Pavonids and the orbit of parent comet C/1907 G1 (Grigg-Mellish) | |||
| | journal= Planetary and Space Science | |||
| | year= 2020 | |||
| | volume= 189 | |||
| | pages= 104979 | |||
| | doi= 10.1016/j.pss.2020.104979 }} | |||
| </ref> | |||
| <ref name="ICQ1">{{cite web | |||
| | title= Comet Names and Designations | |||
| | url= http://www.icq.eps.harvard.edu/names1.html | |||
| | website= International Comet Quarterly | |||
| | access-date= 20 December 2024 }} | |||
| </ref> | |||
| <ref name="jpl">{{cite web | <ref name="jpl">{{cite web | ||
| | title= C/1907 G1 ( |
| title= C/1907 G1 (Grigg–Mellish) – JPL Small-Body Database Lookup | ||
| | url= https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html#/?sstr=1907G1 | | url= https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html#/?sstr=1907G1 | ||
| | website= ssd.jpl.nasa.gov | | website= ssd.jpl.nasa.gov | ||
| | publisher= ] | | publisher= ] | ||
| | access-date= 12 December 2024 }} | | access-date= 12 December 2024 }} | ||
| </ref> | |||
| <ref name="Merfield_1907">{{cite journal | |||
| | author1= C. J. Merfield | |||
| | title= On the comet 1907 b | |||
| | url= https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/asna.19071751011 | |||
| | journal= Astronomische Nachrichten | |||
| | year= 1907 | |||
| | volume= 175 | |||
| | issue= 10 | |||
| | pages= 175–176 | |||
| | bibcode= 1907AN....175..175M | |||
| | doi= 10.1002/asna.19071751011 | |||
| | doi-access= free }} | |||
| </ref> | |||
| <ref name="Nature_1907">{{cite journal | |||
| | title= Our Astronomical Column | |||
| | url= https://www.nature.com/articles/075593a0.pdf | |||
| | journal= Nature | |||
| | date= April 1907 | |||
| | volume= 75 | |||
| | issue= 1955 | |||
| | pages= 593 | |||
| | issn= 1476-4687 | |||
| | doi= 10.1038/075593a0 | |||
| | doi-access= free }} | |||
| </ref> | |||
| <ref name="Weiss_1907">{{cite journal | |||
| | author1= E. Weiss | |||
| | title= Über die Sichtbarkeitsverhältnisse der Kometen 1906c (06 II), 1906e (06 IV) (Kopff), 1906h (06 VI) (Metcalf) und 1907 a,b und c vor ihrer Entdeckung | |||
| | trans-title= On the visibility conditions of the comets 1906c (06 II), 1906e (06 IV) (Kopff), 1906h (06 VI) (Metcalf) and 1907 a, b and c before their discovery | |||
| | url= https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/asna.19071760404 | |||
| | journal= Astronomische Nachrichten | |||
| | year= 1907 | |||
| | volume= 176 | |||
| | pages= 59 | |||
| | bibcode= 1907AN....176...59W | |||
| | issn= 0004-6337 | |||
| | doi= 10.1002/asna.19071760404 | |||
| | doi-access= free | |||
| | language= de }} | |||
| </ref> | </ref> | ||
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| {{Comets}} | {{Comets}} | ||
| {{Authority control}} | |||
| {{DEFAULTSORT: |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Grigg-Mellish, 1907 G1}} | ||
| ] | |||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
Latest revision as of 16:05, 10 January 2025
Long-period comet For other comets discovered by John E. Mellish, see Comet Mellish. Comet Grigg-Mellish photographed by Edward Emerson Barnard on 13 April 1907 | |
| Discovery | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | John E. Mellish John Grigg |
| Discovery date | 8 April 1907 |
| Designations | |
| Alternative designations | 1907b 1907 II |
| Orbital characteristics | |
| Epoch | 18 April 1907 (JD 2417683.5) |
| Number of observations | 4 |
| Aphelion | 123.9 AU |
| Perihelion | 0.924 AU |
| Semi-major axis | 62.43 AU |
| Eccentricity | 0.985205 |
| Orbital period | ~490 years |
| Inclination | 109.95° |
| Longitude of ascending node | 190.47° |
| Argument of periapsis | 328.60° |
| Last perihelion | 27 March 1907 |
| Next perihelion | ~2400 |
| TJupiter | -0.322 |
| Earth MOID | 0.003 AU |
| Jupiter MOID | 1.351 AU |
C/1907 G1 (Grigg–Mellish) is a long-period comet discovered independently by John Grigg and John E. Mellish in April 1907. The comet has been identified as the parent body of the delta Pavonids meteor shower.
Discovery and observations
John Grigg, in New Zealand, discovered a nebulous object near the star α Cae on 8 April 1907, however the discovery wasn't communicated quickly enough for observers in the southern hemisphere to confirm the discovery. The comet was found independently by amateur astronomer John E. Mellish, from Madison, Wisconsin, on 14 April. The comet had an apparent magnitude of 11 upon discovery. The comet was also spotted by Edward Emerson Barnard in a photographic plate exposed on 13 April while he was searching for comet C/1907 E1 (Giacobini). The comet formed a trail 13.6 arcminutes long during the one hour the plate was exposed. The comet was reported to have a coma two arcminutes across and a broad tail 8 arcminutes long on 16 April. The comet faded rapidly and it was difficult to measure with the 36-inch telescope of Lick Observatory on 7 May.
The comet was found to have a similar orbit to comet C/1742 C1, however comet Grigg–Mellish is intrinsically fainter than that comet. The comet's orbit passes very close to Earth, at a distance of 0.003 AU (0.45 million km; 0.28 million mi); Earth passes that point on 30 March. Due to the small minimum orbit intersection distance, it was suggested to be a source of meteors with a radiant point at R.A. = 20.63 , DEC = –60.4° and a speed of Vg = 59.0 km/s.
Meteor shower
Comet Grigg–Mellish has been identified as the parent body of the delta Pavonids meteor shower. The shower has a zenithal hourly rate (ZHR) of 5 meteors per hour and peaks at March 31. An outburst was observed in 2019. The orbit of the meteors indicates that comet has an orbital period of 447 ± 80 years.
References
- "Comet Names and Designations". International Comet Quarterly. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
- "C/1907 G1 (Grigg–Mellish) – JPL Small-Body Database Lookup". ssd.jpl.nasa.gov. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
- C. J. Merfield (1907). "On the comet 1907 b". Astronomische Nachrichten. 175 (10): 175–176. Bibcode:1907AN....175..175M. doi:10.1002/asna.19071751011.
- "Our Astronomical Column" (PDF). Nature. 75 (1955): 593. April 1907. doi:10.1038/075593a0. ISSN 1476-4687.
- E. E. Barnard (1907). "Photographic observations of Mellish's comet 1907b". Astronomische Nachrichten. 175 (23): 377–380. doi:10.1002/asna.19071752303.
- R. G. Aitken; E. A. Fath (1907). "Observations of Comet 1906e (Kopff) ; Observation of Comet 1906h (Metcalf) ; Observations of Comet 1907a (Giacobini) ; Observations of Comet 1907b (Mellish) ; Observation of Comet 1907c (Giacobini) ; Observations of Comet 1907d (Daniel) ; Observations of Comet 1905 IV (Kopff) ; Observations of (128) Nemesis". Lick Observatory Bulletin. 120: 148–151. Bibcode:1907LicOB...4..148A. doi:10.5479/ADS/bib/1907LicOB.4.148A. ISSN 0075-9317.
- E. Weiss (1907). "Über die Sichtbarkeitsverhältnisse der Kometen 1906c (06 II), 1906e (06 IV) (Kopff), 1906h (06 VI) (Metcalf) und 1907 a,b und c vor ihrer Entdeckung" [On the visibility conditions of the comets 1906c (06 II), 1906e (06 IV) (Kopff), 1906h (06 VI) (Metcalf) and 1907 a, b and c before their discovery]. Astronomische Nachrichten (in German). 176: 59. Bibcode:1907AN....176...59W. doi:10.1002/asna.19071760404. ISSN 0004-6337.
- ^ P. Jenniskens; E. Lyytinen; J. Baggaley (2020). "An outburst of delta Pavonids and the orbit of parent comet C/1907 G1 (Grigg-Mellish)". Planetary and Space Science. 189: 104979. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2020.104979.
External links
- C/1907 G1 at the JPL Small-Body Database
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