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==Origin of the term== ==Origin of the term==
].<ref name=video>Landes, Richard. (Windows Media Video), SecondDraft.org.</ref>]] ].<ref name=video>Landes, Richard. (Windows Media Video), SecondDraft.org.</ref>]]
The term "Pallywood" was used once in an online ] forum in 2002, <ref> , rec.arts.sf.fandom, May 15, 2002.</ref> but ] of ] is usually credited with having given the term currency in 2005, with his 18-minute documentary film ''Pallywood: According to Palestinian Sources''.<ref name=video>Landes, Richard. (Windows Media Video), SecondDraft.org.</ref> The ] writes that the term is used by "once-deceived journalists for PA news services."<ref>, The Mackenzie Institute, July 2006.</ref> The term "Pallywood" had been used as early as 2002, <ref> , rec.arts.sf.fandom, May 15, 2002.</ref> but ] of ] is usually credited with having given the term currency in 2005, with his 18-minute documentary film ''Pallywood: According to Palestinian Sources''.<ref name=video>Landes, Richard. (Windows Media Video), SecondDraft.org.</ref> The ] writes that the term is used by "once-deceived journalists for PA news services."<ref>, The Mackenzie Institute, July 2006.</ref>


In ''Pallywood'', Landes shows footage from the ] from alternative camera angles in an attempt to show that Palestinian cameramen have staged events.<ref name=Stevens/> Landes argues that they do this to bias viewers against Israel, to win the media war between the Palestinians and the ], and to influence the broader perception of the conflict.<ref name=history>Landes, Richard. , SecondDraft.org.</ref> He believes that this type of alleged media manipulation dates back to at least the war in Lebanon in 1982. In ''Pallywood'', Landes shows footage from the ] from alternative camera angles in an attempt to show that Palestinian cameramen have staged events.<ref name=Stevens/> Landes argues that they do this to bias viewers against Israel, to win the media war between the Palestinians and the ], and to influence the broader perception of the conflict.<ref name=history>Landes, Richard. , SecondDraft.org.</ref> He believes that this type of alleged media manipulation dates back to at least the war in Lebanon in 1982.
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==Media in the Gaza Strip== ==Media in the Gaza Strip==
German journalist Thorsten Schmitz writes that the world's large news organizations, ] and ], and news agencies such as ] and ], work almost exclusively with Palestinian cameramen when reporting from the ].<ref name=Schmitz>Schmitz, Thorsten. , ''Sueddeutsche Zeitung'', June 16, 2006.</ref> Working as a cameraman for the Western media is regarded as one of the most lucrative jobs in the Palestinian areas, Schmitz writes, with some cameramen in the area earning up to $250 U.S. per day, as much as some Palestinian families might earn in six months. Schmitz states that the images portraying suffering in Gaza and broadcast by the international media are produced primarily by Palestinians. <ref name=Schmitz/> Richard Landes has argued that the mainstream media are too quick to accept this freelance footage.<ref name=Stevens>Stevens, Chris. , ''The Daily Telegraph'', April 14, 2007.</ref> German journalist Thorsten Schmitz writes that the world's large news organizations, ] and ], and news agencies such as ] and ], work almost exclusively with Palestinian cameramen when reporting from the ].<ref name=Schmitz>Schmitz, Thorsten. , ''Sueddeutsche Zeitung'', June 16, 2006.</ref> Working as a cameraman for the Western media is regarded as one of the most lucrative jobs in the Palestinian areas, Schmitz writes, with some cameramen in the area earning up to $250 U.S. per day, as much as some Palestinian families might earn in six months. Schmitz states that the images indented to portray suffering in Gaza and broadcast by the international media are produced primarily by Palestinians. <ref name=Schmitz/> Richard Landes has argued that the mainstream media are too quick to accept this freelance footage.<ref name=Stevens>Stevens, Chris. , ''The Daily Telegraph'', April 14, 2007.</ref>


==Alleged examples== ==Alleged examples==

Revision as of 14:02, 9 May 2007

Pallywood (a portmanteau of "Palestinian" and "Hollywood") is a neologism used to refer to news events alleged to have been staged by Palestinian and other cameramen to portray Israel in an unfavorable light.

Origin of the term

File:Pallywood cover.jpg
Pallywood, According to Palestinian Sources... a film by Richard Landes.

The term "Pallywood" had been used as early as 2002, but Richard Landes of Boston University is usually credited with having given the term currency in 2005, with his 18-minute documentary film Pallywood: According to Palestinian Sources. The Mackenzie Institute writes that the term is used by "once-deceived journalists for PA news services."

In Pallywood, Landes shows footage from the Arab-Israeli conflict from alternative camera angles in an attempt to show that Palestinian cameramen have staged events. Landes argues that they do this to bias viewers against Israel, to win the media war between the Palestinians and the Israel Defense Forces, and to influence the broader perception of the conflict. He believes that this type of alleged media manipulation dates back to at least the war in Lebanon in 1982.

Use of the term

The term has been used by bloggers, particularly during the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict where assertions of media manipulation were made. Landes, who describes himself as left-of-center, acknowledges that "the blogs in support of seconddraft.org primarily politically conservative."

The neoconservative political commentator David Frum has described Landes' work as an exposé of political propaganda, arguing that the footage Landes has compiled reveals "a startling series of faked funerals, staged gun battles, and professional weeping grandmothers. They dub the Palestinian propaganda complex, 'Pallywood,' and ask hard questions about the readiness — eagerness — of much of the world media to be deceived."

Since Landes's film was released, the term has been used more widely by the rest of the media. The conservative Israeli news channel Arutz Sheva stated in 2006 that "Pallywood" is becoming a "household word," along with "infotainment," to refer to media coverage of the Arab-Israeli conflict.

Media in the Gaza Strip

German journalist Thorsten Schmitz writes that the world's large news organizations, CNN and ABC News, and news agencies such as Reuters and Associated Press, work almost exclusively with Palestinian cameramen when reporting from the Gaza Strip. Working as a cameraman for the Western media is regarded as one of the most lucrative jobs in the Palestinian areas, Schmitz writes, with some cameramen in the area earning up to $250 U.S. per day, as much as some Palestinian families might earn in six months. Schmitz states that the images indented to portray suffering in Gaza and broadcast by the international media are produced primarily by Palestinians. Richard Landes has argued that the mainstream media are too quick to accept this freelance footage.

Alleged examples

Muhammad al-Durrah

Footage of Muhammad al-Durrah reportedly killed by Israeli gunfire on September 30 2000 at the beginning of the Al-Aqsa Intifada was recorded by a local freelance cameraman working alone. Questions were raised about the authenticity of the tape, leading to controversy over whether he was killed by Palestinian gunfire or is not actually dead at all.

Other events

The Battle of Jenin in 2002; and the Israeli rocket attack on June 13, 2006 on a car carrying members of Islamic Jihad. have also been cited as examples of "Pallywood".

See also

Notes

  1. Carvajal, Doreen. "The mysteries and passions of an iconic video frame", International Herald Tribune, Monday, February 7, 2005.
  2. Poller, Nidra. "Al-Dura: The Trial", PoliticsCentral, September 13, 2006.
  3. ^ Cambanis, Thanassis. "Some Shunning The Palestinian Hard Stance." The Boston Globe, September 6, 2005
  4. ^ Landes, Richard. Pallywood, According to Palestinian Sources (Windows Media Video), SecondDraft.org.
  5. "French Election Upset", rec.arts.sf.fandom, May 15, 2002.
  6. "Lies, Damned Lies and Footage", The Mackenzie Institute, July 2006.
  7. ^ Stevens, Chris. "A conspiracy theorist's paradise", The Daily Telegraph, April 14, 2007.
  8. ^ Landes, Richard. "Pallywood: History", SecondDraft.org.
  9. Zerbisias, Antonia. "And Now It's Reutersgate". Toronto Star, August 9, 2006.
  10. "Boston U. professor claims media 'staged' footage of Middle East conflict", U-Wire press release, September 22, 2005
  11. Frum, David. "From Gaza, tragedy and propaganda". National Post, June 17, 2006.
  12. ^ Schmitz, Thorsten. "Der Krieg der Bilder", Sueddeutsche Zeitung, June 16, 2006.
  13. "There's Something About Qana," Arutz Sheva (Channel 7), Israel, August 3, 2006.
  14. "Al-Durah: What happened?", Second Draft.
  15. "Film Focus: HR in Hollywood and 'Pallywood'", Honestreporting.com.
  16. Gelernter, David. "When pictures lie", Los Angeles Times, 2005.
  17. "Photo of Palestinian Boy Kindles Debate in France, The New York Times, February 7, 2005.

Further reading

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