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| == Treaty provisions == | == Treaty provisions == | ||
| The treaty established the border between Estonia and Russia and regulated the return of Estonian |
The treaty established the border between Estonia and Russia and regulated the return of Estonian property evacuated to the Russia because of the ], as well as repatriation of the Estonian people (including Estonian Red Rifles<ref>Маамяги В. А. В огне борьбы : (красные эст. стрелки), В. А. Маамяги. – М. : Мысль, 1987. –237 с.</ref><ref></ref><ref></ref>). Russia also agreed to absolve all debt from Tsarist times and to pay Estonia 15 million gold ], a proportional share from gold reserves of former ]. <!-- modern Russian sources view it as racket "protection money" paid to Estonia in order to prevent White Russian ] from re-grouping there.--> Additionally Russia agreed to grant concessions to exploit one million hectares of Russian forest land and to build a railway line from the Estonian border to Moscow. In return, Estonia undertook to allow the ] to build a free port at Tallinn or some other harbour and to erect a power station on the ].<ref name=rauch>Georg von Rauch, ''The Baltic States: The Years of Independence 1917-1940, Hurst & Co, 1974, p73</ref> | ||
| == Signatories == | == Signatories == | ||
Revision as of 18:36, 24 July 2008
For other uses, see Treaty of Tartu.
Tartu Peace Treaty (Estonian: Tartu rahu, literally "Tartu peace") or Treaty of Tartu was a peace treaty between Estonia and Russian SFSR signed in February 2, 1920 ending the Estonian War of Independence. The terms of the treaty stated that "Russia unreservedly recognizes" the independence of Republic of Estonia de jure and renounced in perpetuity all rights to the territory of Estonia.
Treaty provisions
The treaty established the border between Estonia and Russia and regulated the return of Estonian property evacuated to the Russia because of the World War I, as well as repatriation of the Estonian people (including Estonian Red Rifles). Russia also agreed to absolve all debt from Tsarist times and to pay Estonia 15 million gold rubles, a proportional share from gold reserves of former Russian Empire. Additionally Russia agreed to grant concessions to exploit one million hectares of Russian forest land and to build a railway line from the Estonian border to Moscow. In return, Estonia undertook to allow the RSFSR to build a free port at Tallinn or some other harbour and to erect a power station on the Narva River.
Signatories
The treaty was signed by Jaan Poska on Estonian side and Adolf Joffe for the Soviet Russia as well as by other representatives of both parties.
Significance
Tartu Peace Treaty is regarded as the birth certificate of the Republic of Estonia. The treaty was also of utmost importance to Soviet Russia being its first international treaty, with Lenin expressing satisfaction with the treaty as "an incomparable victory over Western imperialism". Some members of the Entente opposed the treaty with the intention to keep Soviet Russia in international isolation.
Aftermath
After signing, Soviet Russia failed to fulfill several points of the treaty, e.g. the museological collections of the University of Tartu are not turned in even today from Voronezh and the migration of Estonians was obstructed.
See also
References
- Маамяги В. А. В огне борьбы : (красные эст. стрелки), В. А. Маамяги. – М. : Мысль, 1987. –237 с.
- Южный Фронт-2
- ^ Georg von Rauch, The Baltic States: The Years of Independence 1917-1940, Hurst & Co, 1974, p73
- UT ART MUSEUM PRESENTED CATALOGUE OF UNIVERSITY ART COLLECTION HELD AT VORONEZH, RUSSIA
- Ülo Kaevats et al. 1996. Eesti Entsüklopeedia 9. Tallinn: Eesti Entsüklopeediakirjastus, ISBN 5-89900-047-3