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Lao baixing(老百姓), or baixing(百姓), translation:Hundreds of surnames. | Lao baixing(老百姓), or baixing(百姓), translation:Hundreds of surnames. | ||
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Lao baixing(老百姓), or baixing(百姓), translation:Hundreds of surnames.
“百姓”是指有姓之人。“姓”这个字,分开来就是“女”、“生”,什么样的女人生的(或者在一个什么地方生的)儿子,就得了一个相应的姓。相传黄帝的 母亲是住在姬水边上的,所以黄帝就姓姬;舜的母亲是住在姚虚的地方,所以舜就姓姚了,那时候,子并不跟着父亲姓,比如黄帝,就给他的后代分别赐了12个不 同的姓。所以那时候有姓的就都是王公贵族,“百姓”也就是“百官”。一般的平民,不知道他的老祖宗的妈妈在哪里住的,老祖宗又无权无势,够不上称“百姓 ”,只能说是“黎民”,或者被称为“庶民”。 到战国时代以后,在贵族和奴隶之间出现了一个既不是贵族(可能祖上是贵族后来没落了)也不是奴隶(可能祖上是奴隶,后来被主子给放生了)的一个阶级,他们 的人数慢慢地比贵族和奴隶还多了起来。所以,“百姓”们来,因为他们也有姓,所以“百姓”和“黎民”或“庶民”就变成一回事了,书上就有了“黎民百姓”的 词语。 因为“黎”字也有年纪大的意思,国人(在此主要指汉人)看来,是大的占便宜的,(比如做人的“老子”、“老爷”、“老祖宗”,或者“老板”,不都是很占便 宜的吗?)所以,百姓们就自称“老百姓”,算是天天在官老爷面前自称小民的一点点补偿。但在白纸黑字的古书中,从来没有在“百姓”前面还加个“老”字的。 只是不能写书的“庶民”们不知从哪朝哪代起“老百姓、老百姓”地叫到了今天,“老百姓”也只能在老百姓之间才敢说的。
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