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| {{Other uses}} | {{Other uses}} | ||
| {{Taxobox | {{Taxobox | ||
| | name = Black Bishop | | name = Black Bishop | ||
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| | synonyms = ''Pyromelana ansorgei''<br/>''Euplectes friederichseni'' | | synonyms = ''Pyromelana ansorgei''<br/>''Euplectes friederichseni'' | ||
| }} | }} | ||
| The '''Black Bishop''' (''Euplectes gierowii'') is a species of ] ] in the ] family native to ] south of the ].{{r|BirdLife}} | The '''Black Bishop''' (''Euplectes gierowii'') is a species of ] ] in the ] family native to ] south of the ].{{r|BirdLife}} | ||
| ==Taxonomy== | == Taxonomy == | ||
| The Black Bishop was first described by the German ] ] in 1880 and named after H. Gierow, a Swedish explorer and collector in Angola.{{r|jobling}} It is sometimes placed with ''E. aureus'' and ''E. hordeaceus'' in a separate genus, ''Groteiplectes''.{{r|ibc}} | The Black Bishop was first described by the German ] ] in 1880 and named after H. Gierow, a Swedish explorer and collector in Angola.{{r|jobling}} It is sometimes placed with ''E. aureus'' and ''E. hordeaceus'' in a separate genus, ''Groteiplectes''.{{r|ibc}} | ||
| A study of the molecular phylogeny of bishops and |
A study of the molecular ] of bishops and ]s published in 2008 found that it formed part of a ] along with the ] (''E. diadematus''), ] (''E. hordeaceus''), ] (''E. franciscanus''), ] (''E. orix''), ] (''E. nigroventris'') and ] (''E. ardens'').<ref>{{cite doi|10.1016/j.ympev.2007.09.010}}</ref> An alternate common name is Gierow's Bishop. | ||
| ⚫ | === Subspecies === | ||
| ⚫ | ===Subspecies=== | ||
| Three subspecies of the Black Bishop are now recognized.{{r|ibc}}{{r|mayr}} | Three subspecies of the Black Bishop are now recognized.{{r|ibc}}{{r|mayr}} | ||
| *'''''E. g. ansorgei''''' (], 1899), or Northern Black Bishop, inhabits Cameroon, Central African Republic, |
* '''''E. g. ansorgei''''' (], 1899), or Northern Black Bishop, inhabits Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda, and Kenya — especially around Lake Victoria basin and Kakamega.{{r|zimmerman}} This subspecies is named after its discoverer Dr. W. J. Ansorge.{{r|ansorge}} | ||
| *'''''E. g. gierowii''''' (Cabanis, 1880), known as the Angola Black Bishop, inhabits Angola and DRCongo. | |||
| *'''''E. g. friederichseni''''' (Fischer and ], 1884), or Southern Black Bishop, inhabits Kenya and Tanzania around Babati, and |
* '''''E. g. gierowii''''' (Cabanis, 1880), known as the Angola Black Bishop, inhabits Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. | ||
| * '''''E. g. friederichseni''''' (Fischer and ], 1884), or Southern Black Bishop, inhabits Kenya and Tanzania around Babati, and sporadically to Lake Manyara and ]; possibly along Southern Uaso Nyiro River.{{r|zimmerman}} | |||
| ==Description== | ==Description== | ||
| ] (1899)]] | ] (1899)]] | ||
| At {{convert|14|to(-)|16|cm|in|abbr=on}}, the Black Bishop is large for |
At {{convert|14|to(-)|16|cm|in|abbr=on}}, the Black Bishop is large for its genus.{{r|zimmerman}}{{r|FGtoEA}} The breeding male is black on the wings, tail, chest, cheeks and forehead. The neck, back of the head and breast band) are orange or orange-red. The under tail-coverts are pale buff with black streaks, and the upper back is yellow or orange-yellow in subspecies ''ansorgei'', and orange in ''friederichseni''. The throat is scarlet in the nominate subspecies and black in ''ansorgei''. The subspecies ''friederichseni'' has the undertail coverts ]. The upper back is golden yellow and the rump is brown. The conical bill, characteristic of finches, is black and the ] is brown.{{r|ansorge}} Females are dark, including the sides of the face, have boldly spotted under tail-coverts, and dark spots on a buff breast. The female's wing linings are black. The non-breeding male is black on the back, wings and rump, with yellowish ] and chin; the sides of face and breast are tawny buff. The juvenile resembles the female but has smaller breast spots.{{r|zimmerman}} The calls comprise various subdued twittering sounds,{{r|FGtoEA}} including a sizzling ''see-zee see-zee see-zhe see-zhe SEE-ZHEE'', '' zee-zee-zeezee-zee''and ''hishaah, hishaah, SHAAAAAAH, tsee-tseet-tseet-tseet''.{{r|zimmerman}} | ||
| ==Distribution and habitat== | ==Distribution and habitat== | ||
Revision as of 14:40, 3 June 2011
For other uses, see Black bishop (disambiguation).
| Black Bishop | |
|---|---|
| |
| Male in Bigodi Swamp, Uganda | |
| Conservation status | |
 Least Concern (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Ploceidae |
| Genus: | Euplectes |
| Species: | E. gierowii |
| Binomial name | |
| Euplectes gierowii Cabanis, 1880 | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Pyromelana ansorgei | |
The Black Bishop (Euplectes gierowii) is a species of passerine bird in the Ploceidae family native to Africa south of the Sahara.
Taxonomy
The Black Bishop was first described by the German ornithologist Jean Cabanis in 1880 and named after H. Gierow, a Swedish explorer and collector in Angola. It is sometimes placed with E. aureus and E. hordeaceus in a separate genus, Groteiplectes.
A study of the molecular phylogeny of bishops and widowbirds published in 2008 found that it formed part of a clade along with the Fire-fronted Bishop (E. diadematus), Black-winged Red Bishop (E. hordeaceus), Northern Red Bishop (E. franciscanus), Southern Red Bishop (E. orix), Zanzibar Bishop (E. nigroventris) and Red-collared Widowbird (E. ardens). An alternate common name is Gierow's Bishop.
Subspecies
Three subspecies of the Black Bishop are now recognized.
- E. g. ansorgei (E. Hartert, 1899), or Northern Black Bishop, inhabits Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda, and Kenya — especially around Lake Victoria basin and Kakamega. This subspecies is named after its discoverer Dr. W. J. Ansorge.
- E. g. gierowii (Cabanis, 1880), known as the Angola Black Bishop, inhabits Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
- E. g. friederichseni (Fischer and A. Reichenow, 1884), or Southern Black Bishop, inhabits Kenya and Tanzania around Babati, and sporadically to Lake Manyara and Serengeti National Park; possibly along Southern Uaso Nyiro River.
Description
At 14 to 16 cm (5.5–6.3 in), the Black Bishop is large for its genus. The breeding male is black on the wings, tail, chest, cheeks and forehead. The neck, back of the head and breast band) are orange or orange-red. The under tail-coverts are pale buff with black streaks, and the upper back is yellow or orange-yellow in subspecies ansorgei, and orange in friederichseni. The throat is scarlet in the nominate subspecies and black in ansorgei. The subspecies friederichseni has the undertail coverts isabelline. The upper back is golden yellow and the rump is brown. The conical bill, characteristic of finches, is black and the tarsus is brown. Females are dark, including the sides of the face, have boldly spotted under tail-coverts, and dark spots on a buff breast. The female's wing linings are black. The non-breeding male is black on the back, wings and rump, with yellowish supercilia and chin; the sides of face and breast are tawny buff. The juvenile resembles the female but has smaller breast spots. The calls comprise various subdued twittering sounds, including a sizzling see-zee see-zee see-zhe see-zhe SEE-ZHEE, zee-zee-zeezee-zeeand hishaah, hishaah, SHAAAAAAH, tsee-tseet-tseet-tseet.
Distribution and habitat
The Black Bishop is native to the African countries of: Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda. Its preferred habitats are grasslands, shrublands, and wetlands.
Behaviour
The Black Bishop can sometimes be found in small flocks, but is not a highly gregarious species.
References
- ^ "Black Bishop Euplectes gierowii". BirdLife International. Retrieved 30 May 2011.
- Jobling, James A. (1991). A Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. Oxford University Press. p. 94. ISBN 0198546343.
- ^ "Black Bishop (Euplectes gierowii)". Internet Bird Collection (IBC). Retrieved 30 May 2011.
- Attention: This template ({{cite doi}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.09.010, please use {{cite journal}} (if it was published in a bona fide academic journal, otherwise {{cite report}} with
|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2007.09.010instead. - Mayr, E & J C Greenway, Jr., ed. (1962). Check-List of Birds of the World. Volume 15. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 66.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link) - ^ Zimmerman, Dale A (2005). Birds of Kenya and Northern Tanzania. London: Christopher Helm. p. 545. ISBN 9780713675504.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters:|1=and|2=(help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ Ansorge, W. J. (1899). Under the African sun. New York: Longmans, Green, and Co. p. 344.
- ^ Williams, John G; Arlott, Norman (1980). A Field Guide to the Birds of East Africa. London: Collins. p. 377. ISBN 0002191792.
- "Euplectes gierowii". IUCN Red List. Retrieved 30 May 2011.
External links
Categories: