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The parade was proposed by the Soviet Union, following the June ].<ref name="Roberts2012"/><ref name=rt/> July in Berlin also saw a British parade (the ]).<ref name="iwm"/><ref name="VE Day & Berlin Victory Parade Commemoration Page"/> The September parade took place near the ] building and the ].<ref name=rt/> The parade was proposed by the Soviet Union, following the June ].<ref name="Roberts2012"/><ref name=rt/> July in Berlin also saw a British parade (the ]).<ref name="iwm"/><ref name="VE Day & Berlin Victory Parade Commemoration Page"/> The September parade took place near the ] building and the ].<ref name=rt/>


Senior officers present at the parade were ] ] from the USSR, General ] from the United States,<ref name="Roberts2012"/> General ] from the United Kingdom, and General ] from France.<ref name="Soviet Forces - September 7, 1945 in Berlin"/> Generals ] and ] declined the invitations shortly before the parade, and sent Patton and Robertson as their representatives.<ref name="rt"/><ref name="Forgotten Pages of Victory"/><ref name=ua>{{cite web|url=http://zn.ua/SOCIETY/parady_pobedy_1945_goda__berlin,_moskva,_berlin,_harbin-60035.html |title=Парады Победы 1945 года—Берлин, Москва, Берлин, Харбин - Газета - Зеркало недели. Украина |publisher=Zn.ua |date= |accessdate=2012-10-09}}</ref> About 5,000 troops from the USSR, USA, UK and France took part in the parade (with 2,000 of the troops being Soviet).<ref name=rt/> The parade was opened by marching troops, followed by the armor.<ref name=rt/> Units present included the ], the ], the ], and the US ]; the forces present came primarily from the local garrisons.<ref name=ua/> The armored contingent came from the ], ], and US ].<ref name=ua/> The ] used this occasion for the first public display of the ] heavy tank, with 52 tanks from the ] participating.<ref name="Zaloga2011"/> Senior officers present at the parade were ] ] from the USSR, General ] from the United States,<ref name="Roberts2012"/> General ] from the United Kingdom, and General ] from France.<ref name="Soviet Forces - September 7, 1945 in Berlin"/> Generals ] and ] declined the invitations shortly before the parade, and sent Patton and Robertson as their representatives.<ref name="rt"/><ref name="Forgotten Pages of Victory"/><ref name="ua"/> About 5,000 troops from the USSR, USA, UK and France took part in the parade (with 2,000 of the troops being Soviet).<ref name=rt/> The parade was opened by marching troops, followed by the armor.<ref name=rt/> Units present included the ], the ], the ], and the US ]; the forces present came primarily from the local garrisons.<ref name=ua/> The armored contingent came from the ], ], and US ].<ref name=ua/> The ] used this occasion for the first public display of the ] heavy tank, with 52 tanks from the ] participating.<ref name="Zaloga2011"/>


Russian sources refer to this parade as "forgotten parade", as it was mentioned in only a few Western sources.<ref name=rt/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ssees.ucl.ac.uk/videos/v1889.htm |title=SSEES Film and Video Database: Tape V-1889 |publisher=Ssees.ucl.ac.uk |date= |accessdate=2012-10-09}}</ref> The downplaying of the parade in the West can be seen as one of the early signs of the ].<ref name=rt/> Soviet troops would not be present at the much more widely known in the West ].<ref name="nla"/> Russian sources refer to this parade as "forgotten parade", as it was mentioned in only a few Western sources.<ref name=rt/><ref name="SSEES Film and Video Database: Tape V-1889"/> The downplaying of the parade in the West can be seen as one of the early signs of the ].<ref name=rt/> The forces of four Allies also participated in another Berlin parade a year later, on the Charlottenburger Chaussee, in front of the Brandenburg Gate, on the first anniversary of the German surrender on 8 May 1946, in the ].<ref name="ArenhövelBothe1991"/><ref name="SchulleriEschen2002"/> This parade was connected to the inauguration of the ].<ref name="ArenhövelBothe1991"/><ref name="SchulleriEschen2002"/> Soviet troops would not be present at the much more widely known in the West ].<ref name="nla"/>


==See also== ==See also==
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{{reflist|refs= {{reflist|refs=


<ref name="ArenhövelBothe1991">{{cite book|author1=Willmuth Arenhövel|author2=Rolf Bothe|title=Das Brandenburger Tor|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=wC5UAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=21 October 2012|year=1991|publisher=Verlag W. Arenhövel|isbn=978-3-922912-26-2|page=303}}</ref>

<ref name="SchulleriEschen2002">{{cite book|author1=Fritz Schulleri|author2=Fritz Eschen|author3=Abraham Pisarek|title=Berliner Kindheit vor 50 Jahren|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=9R_aAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=21 October 2012|year=2002|publisher=Wartberg|isbn=978-3-8313-1193-4}}</ref>

<ref name="SSEES Film and Video Database: Tape V-1889">{{cite web|url=http://www.ssees.ucl.ac.uk/videos/v1889.htm |title=SSEES Film and Video Database: Tape V-1889 |publisher=Ssees.ucl.ac.uk |date= |accessdate=2012-10-09}}</ref>

<ref name="ua">{{cite web|url=http://zn.ua/SOCIETY/parady_pobedy_1945_goda__berlin,_moskva,_berlin,_harbin-60035.html |title=Парады Победы 1945 года—Берлин, Москва, Берлин, Харбин - Газета - Зеркало недели. Украина |publisher=Zn.ua |date= |accessdate=2012-10-09}}</ref>
<ref name="Forgotten Pages of Victory">{{cite web|url=http://www.northstarcompass.org/nsc0905/forgot.htm |title=Forgotten Pages of Victory |publisher=Northstarcompass.org |date= |accessdate=2012-10-09}}</ref> <ref name="Forgotten Pages of Victory">{{cite web|url=http://www.northstarcompass.org/nsc0905/forgot.htm |title=Forgotten Pages of Victory |publisher=Northstarcompass.org |date= |accessdate=2012-10-09}}</ref>


Revision as of 01:26, 22 October 2012

Berlin Victory Parade of 1945 was held by the Allies of World War II on September 7, 1945 in Berlin, the capital of the defeated Nazi Germany. The four participating countries were the Soviet Union, United States, United Kingdom and France.

The parade was proposed by the Soviet Union, following the June Moscow Victory Parade of 1945. July in Berlin also saw a British parade (the 1945 British Berlin Victory Parade). The September parade took place near the Reichstag building and the Brandenburg Gate.

Senior officers present at the parade were Marshal of the Soviet Union Georgy Zhukov from the USSR, General George Patton from the United States, General Brian Robertson from the United Kingdom, and General Marie-Pierre Kœnig from France. Generals Dwight D. Eisenhower and Bernard Montgomery declined the invitations shortly before the parade, and sent Patton and Robertson as their representatives. About 5,000 troops from the USSR, USA, UK and France took part in the parade (with 2,000 of the troops being Soviet). The parade was opened by marching troops, followed by the armor. Units present included the Soviet 248th Infantry Division, the French 2nd Infantry Division, the British 131st Infantry Brigade, and the US 82nd Airborne Division; the forces present came primarily from the local garrisons. The armored contingent came from the British 7th Armored Division, French 1st Armored Division, and US 16th Mechanized Cavalry Group. The Red Army used this occasion for the first public display of the IS-3 heavy tank, with 52 tanks from the 2nd Guards Tank Army participating.

Russian sources refer to this parade as "forgotten parade", as it was mentioned in only a few Western sources. The downplaying of the parade in the West can be seen as one of the early signs of the Cold War. The forces of four Allies also participated in another Berlin parade a year later, on the Charlottenburger Chaussee, in front of the Brandenburg Gate, on the first anniversary of the German surrender on 8 May 1946, in the Berlin Victory Parade of 1946. This parade was connected to the inauguration of the Soviet War Memorial (Tiergarten). Soviet troops would not be present at the much more widely known in the West London Victory Celebrations of 1946.

See also

References

  1. ^ Geoffrey Roberts (5 June 2012). Stalin's General: The Life of Georgy Zhukov. Random House Digital, Inc. p. 235. ISBN 978-0-679-64517-7. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
  2. ^ "September, 7 in history – Russiapedia". Russiapedia.rt.com. Retrieved 2012-10-09.
  3. "WINSTON CHURCHILL IN BERLIN, JULY 1945 | Imperial War Museums". Iwm.org.uk. 1945-07-21. Retrieved 2012-10-09.
  4. "VE Day & Berlin Victory Parade Commemoration Page". Desertratsorg.btinternet.co.uk. Retrieved 2012-10-09.
  5. "Soviet Forces - September 7, 1945 in Berlin". Ww2incolor.com. Retrieved 2012-10-09.
  6. "Forgotten Pages of Victory". Northstarcompass.org. Retrieved 2012-10-09.
  7. ^ "Парады Победы 1945 года—Берлин, Москва, Берлин, Харбин - Газета - Зеркало недели. Украина". Zn.ua. Retrieved 2012-10-09.
  8. Steven Zaloga (18 October 2011). IS-2 Heavy Tank 1944-73. Osprey Publishing. p. 18. ISBN 978-1-78096-139-2. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
  9. "SSEES Film and Video Database: Tape V-1889". Ssees.ucl.ac.uk. Retrieved 2012-10-09.
  10. ^ Willmuth Arenhövel; Rolf Bothe (1991). Das Brandenburger Tor. Verlag W. Arenhövel. p. 303. ISBN 978-3-922912-26-2. Retrieved 21 October 2012.
  11. ^ Fritz Schulleri; Fritz Eschen; Abraham Pisarek (2002). Berliner Kindheit vor 50 Jahren. Wartberg. ISBN 978-3-8313-1193-4. Retrieved 21 October 2012.
  12. “No Soviet troops for London’s Victory Parade” “The Canberra Times”, 29 May 1946. Retrieved: 23 October 2009.

External links

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