| Revision as of 16:58, 22 August 2013 editChrisGualtieri (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers457,369 edits →Publications: compress← Previous edit | Revision as of 17:38, 22 August 2013 edit undoRyulong (talk | contribs)218,132 edits Reverted to revision 569733363 by Ryulong: none of this is "important" to be mentioned on this page; everything belongs on the other pages and nothing is summarized it's direct copies. (TW)Next edit → | ||
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| In this ] iteration of a possible future, computer technology has advanced to the point that many members of the public possess cyberbrains, technology that allows them to interface their biological brain with various networks. The level of cyberization varies from simple minimal interfaces to almost complete replacement of the brain with cybernetic parts, in cases of severe trauma. This can also be combined with various levels of ], with a fully prosthetic body enabling a person to become a ]. The heroine of ''Ghost in the Shell'', Major ], is such a cyborg, having had a terrible accident befall her as a child that ultimately required that she use a full-body prosthesis to house her cyberbrain. This high level of cyberization, however, opens the brain up to attacks from highly skilled hackers, with the most dangerous being those who will hack a person to bend to their whims. | In this ] iteration of a possible future, computer technology has advanced to the point that many members of the public possess cyberbrains, technology that allows them to interface their biological brain with various networks. The level of cyberization varies from simple minimal interfaces to almost complete replacement of the brain with cybernetic parts, in cases of severe trauma. This can also be combined with various levels of ], with a fully prosthetic body enabling a person to become a ]. The heroine of ''Ghost in the Shell'', Major ], is such a cyborg, having had a terrible accident befall her as a child that ultimately required that she use a full-body prosthesis to house her cyberbrain. This high level of cyberization, however, opens the brain up to attacks from highly skilled hackers, with the most dangerous being those who will hack a person to bend to their whims. | ||
| ⚫ | ==Media== | ||
| == Original universe == | |||
| ===Manga=== | ===Manga=== | ||
| {{main|Ghost in the Shell (manga)}} | {{main|Ghost in the Shell (manga)}} | ||
| '' |
''The Ghost in the Shell'' originally ran from April 1989 to November 1990 in ]'s manga anthology '']'', and was released in ] format on October 2, 1991.<ref name="GITS-KC">{{cite web |title= 攻殻機動隊（１） |url= http://kc.kodansha.co.jp/product/top.php/1234577897 |language= Japanese |publisher=] |accessdate=2012-10-13 }}</ref> ''Ghost in the Shell 2: Man-Machine Interface'' ran in ''Young Magazine'' from September 1991 to August 1997.<ref name="GITS2-solidbox-KC">{{cite web |title= 攻殻機動隊ＳＯＬＩＤ ＢＯＸ |url= http://www.7netshopping.jp/books/detail/-/accd/1101992033/subno/1 |language= Japanese |publisher=7net |accessdate=2012-10-13 }}</ref> Four chapters that were not released in tankobon format from previous releases were later collected into a single volume titled ''Ghost in the Shell 1.5: Human-Error Processor'' serving as an interquel. The manga was published in July 23, 2003 by Kodansha.<ref name="GITS1.5-KC">{{cite web |title= 攻殻機動隊 １．５ |url= http://kc.kodansha.co.jp/product/top.php/1234588254 |language= Japanese |publisher=] |accessdate=2012-10-13 }}</ref> Several art books have also been published for the manga. | ||
| ===Films=== | ===Films=== | ||
| {{main|Ghost in the Shell (film)|Ghost in the Shell 2: Innocence|l2=Innocence}} | {{main|Ghost in the Shell (film)|Ghost in the Shell 2: Innocence|l2=Innocence}} | ||
| Two animated films based on the original manga have been released, directed by ] and animated by ]. |
Two animated films based on the original manga have been released, both directed by ] and animated by ]. '']'' was released in 1995 and follows the "Puppet Master" storyline from the manga. It was re-released in 2008 as ''Ghost in the Shell 2.0'' with new audio and updated 3D computer graphics in certain scenes.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2008-06-08/ghost-in-the-shell-to-return-to-japanese-theaters| title = Ghost in the Shell to Return to Japanese Theaters | publisher = Anime News Network | accessdate = November 9, 2011 }}</ref> ''Innocence'', otherwise known as '']'', was released in 2004, with its story based on a chapter from ''Man-Machine Interface''. | ||
| As of 2008, ] has acquired the rights to produce a ] film adaptation of the original manga with ]. ] and Steven Paul are confirmed producers; Jamie Moss was originally hired to adapt the manga into a screenplay<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117984029?refCatId=13| title = DreamWorks to make 'Ghost' in 3-D | publisher = Variety.com | accessdate = November 9, 2011 | first1=Tatiana | last1=Siegel | first2=Michael | last2=Fleming | date=April 14, 2008}}</ref> but in October 2009 it was announced that ] had replaced Moss as writer.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118010309?refCatId=13| title = Kalogridis to adapt 'Ghost in the Shell' | publisher = Variety.com | accessdate = November 9, 2011 | first=Tatiana | last=Siegel | date=October 22, 2009}}</ref> | As of 2008, ] has acquired the rights to produce a ] film adaptation of the original manga with ]. ] and Steven Paul are confirmed producers; Jamie Moss was originally hired to adapt the manga into a screenplay<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117984029?refCatId=13| title = DreamWorks to make 'Ghost' in 3-D | publisher = Variety.com | accessdate = November 9, 2011 | first1=Tatiana | last1=Siegel | first2=Michael | last2=Fleming | date=April 14, 2008}}</ref> but in October 2009 it was announced that ] had replaced Moss as writer.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118010309?refCatId=13| title = Kalogridis to adapt 'Ghost in the Shell' | publisher = Variety.com | accessdate = November 9, 2011 | first=Tatiana | last=Siegel | date=October 22, 2009}}</ref> | ||
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| === Video game === | === Video game === | ||
| {{main|Ghost in the Shell (video game)}} | {{main|Ghost in the Shell (video game)}} | ||
| ⚫ | '']'' was developed by Exact and released for the ] on July 17, 1997, in Japan by ].<ref>{{cite web |title= 攻殻機動隊 GHOST IN THE SHELL|url= http://www.jp.playstation.com/software/title/scps10043.html| publisher=Sony Computer Entertainment |accessdate=2012-12-19}}</ref> It is a ] featuring an original storyline where the character plays a rookie member of Section 9. The video game's soundtrack ''Megatech Body'' features various electronica artists.<ref name="CD1">{{cite web | url=http://www.sonymusic.co.jp/Music/Info/SonyTechno/feature/9707/cd.html | title=世界中で絶賛されている近未来SFコミックス「攻殻機動隊」のプレイステーション・ゲームのSound Trax。 | publisher=Sony Music Entertainment Japan | accessdate=January 4, 2013}}</ref> | ||
| ⚫ | ===''Stand Alone Complex''=== | ||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | ==Stand Alone Complex |
||
| Stand Alone Complex is an expanded universe that is based off the original manga, and contains its own timeline, back stories and different settings. While functionally similar, the atmosphere and works within this expanded universe include divergent timelines in which the events of the original media never occurred. | |||
| ⚫ | === |
||
| {{main|Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex}} | {{main|Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex}} | ||
| In 2002, ''Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex'' premiered on ], presenting a new telling of ''Ghost in the Shell'' independent from the original manga, focusing on Section 9's investigation of the ] hacker. It was followed in 2004 by a second season titled ''Ghost in the Shell: S.A.C. 2nd GIG'', which focused on the ] terrorist group. Both seasons' primary storylines were compressed into OVAs broadcast in 2005 and 2006. Also in 2006, '']'', featuring Section 9's confrontation with a hacker known as the Puppeteer, was broadcast, serving as a finale to the anime series. | |||
| Video games have also been released for ''Stand Alone Complex'' for the ], the ], and ]. A ] is also in production.<ref name="GitS Online Ref1">{{cite web|first=Ishaan|title=Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex Online Game Coming From Nexon|url=http://www.siliconera.com/2012/12/13/ghost-in-the-shell-stand-alone-complex-online-game-coming-from-nexon/|work=Siliconera|publisher=Ishaan|accessdate=20 February 2013}}</ref> | |||
| An animated television series inspired by the manga titled '']'' was broadcast on ] from 2002 to 2003, followed by a second season subtitled ''2nd GIG'' in 2004 and 2005,<ref name="ProductionIGSACcredits">{{cite web |url=http://www.productionig.com/contents/works_sp/03_/s03_/index.html|title=Staff & Cast |work=Production I.G|accessdate=09-02-2010|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5sPh9lvJ5|archivedate=09-02-2011}}</ref> and finally as the film '']'' in 2006.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex Solid State Society Overview|url=http://www.productionig.com/contents/raworks_sp/39_/s08_/index.html|publisher=]|accessdate=November 8, 2011 |date=November 24, 2006}}</ref> ''Stand Alone Complex'' takes place in an alternate setting set after ''The Ghost in the Shell'' wherein the Major never made contact with the Puppet Master,<ref name="ig1">{{cite web | url=http://www.productionig.com/contents/works_sp/39_/s08_/index.html | title=Into the Network: The Ghost in the Shell Universe | publisher=Production I.G | accessdate=January 08, 2013}}</ref> although a similarly named entity appears in the ''Solid State Society'' film. The Section 9 of ''Stand Alone Complex'' fights terrorists and cyber-crime throughout Japan, with particular focus on the ] hacker in season 1 and the ] terrorist group in ''2nd GIG''. ] composed ] for all of the ''Stand Alone Complex'' media. | |||
| A series of novels and two manga series have also been released for ''Stand Alone Complex''. | |||
| === OVA === | |||
| {{main|Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex - Solid State Society|l2=Solid State Society}} | |||
| Two heavily compressed adaptations of the ''Stand Alone Complex'' anime series have been released. The first, ''Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex: The Laughing Man'', and the second, ''Ghost in the Shell: S.A.C. 2nd GIG – Individual Eleven'', give the major plot of 26 episodes in a two hours, but lack character background and the development of the anime from which they were created. The ''Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex - Solid State Society'' OVA is a continuation of the Stand Alone Complex anime. | |||
| The extensive ] for the series and its films was composed by ]. | |||
| ===Publications=== | |||
| A three-volume novel series based on the TV anime series was written by staff writer Junichi Fujisaku. The novels were published by ] and distributed by ] in the United States. The first volume, titled {{nihongo|''Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex - The Lost Memory''|攻殻機動隊 STAND ALONE COMPLEX 虚夢回路|Ghost in the Shell Stand Alone Complex Imaginary Dream Circuit}}.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.tokuma.jp/bunko/dual-bunko/1176094616484 |title = 攻殻機動隊 虚夢回路|publisher = ]|language = Japanese|accessdate = 11-06-2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.darkhorse.com/Books/13-466/Ghost-in-the-Shell-Stand-Alone-Complex-Volume-1-The-Lost-Memory-Novel|title = Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex Volume 1 The Lost Memory (Novel)|publisher = ] |accessdate = 11-06-2011 }}</ref> The second volume is {{nihongo|''Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex - Revenge of the Cold Machines''|攻殻機動隊 STAND ALONE COMPLEX 凍える機械|Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex - Frozen Machine}}.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.tokuma.jp/bunko/dual-bunko/1176094617120|title = 攻殻機動隊 凍える機械|publisher = Tokuma Shoten|language = Japanese|accessdate = 11-06-2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.darkhorse.com/Books/13-467/Ghost-in-the-Shell-Stand-Alone-Complex-Volume-2-Revenge-of-the-Cold-Machines-Novel|title = Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex Volume 2 Revenge of the Cold Machines (Novel)|publisher = Dark Horse|accessdate = 11-06-2011 }}</ref> The third volume is {{nihongo|''Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex - White Maze''|攻殻機動隊 STAND ALONE COMPLEX 眠り男の棺|Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex - Coffin of a Sleeping Man}}.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.tokuma.jp/bunko/dual-bunko/1176094617729|title = 攻殻機動隊 眠り男の棺|publisher = Tokuma Shoten|language = Japanese|accessdate = 11-06-2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.darkhorse.com/Books/13-468/Ghost-in-the-Shell-Stand-Alone-Complex-Volume-3-White-Maze-Novel|title = Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex Volume 3 White Maze (Novel)|publisher = Dark Horse |accessdate = 11-06-2011 }}</ref> | |||
| ⚫ | === ''Arise'' === | ||
| Two manga series based on ''Stand Alone Complex'' have been published by ]. The first series, {{nihongo|''Ghost in the Shell: S.A.C. Tachikoma na hibi''|攻殻機動隊S.A.C. タチコマなヒビ|}}, is based on the associated shorts ]. The manga was drawn by Mayasuki Yamamoto and was launched on December 9, 2009 in Monthly Young Magazine.<ref name="ANN-manga">{{cite web|url= http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2009-11-07/ghost-in-the-shell/sac-to-launch-2-new-manga-in-japan|title= Ghost in the Shell: SAC to Spawn 2 New Manga in Japan (Updated)|publisher=Anime News Network|date=November 7, 2009|accessdate=11-04-2011}}</ref> Three ] volumes were released on November 5, 2010, March 4, 2011 and August 5, 2011 respectively.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://kc.kodansha.co.jp/content/top.php/1000005322|title = 攻殻機動隊Ｓ．Ａ．Ｃ． タチコマなヒビ|publisher = Kodansha|language = Japanese|accessdate = 11-15-2011 }}</ref> | |||
| The second manga series, titled {{nihongo|''Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex''|攻殻機動隊STAND ALONE COMPLEX}}, was drawn by Yu Kinutani and launched on December 14, 2009 in Weekly Young Magazine.<ref name="ANN-manga" /> The manga is an adaptation of the first season of the anime series. Four tankōbon volumes have been released. | |||
| === Video games === | |||
| {{main|Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex (PS2)|Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex (PSP)|Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex - Online}} | |||
| ''Ghost in the Shell Stand Alone Complex'' has received two video game spin offs, both under the same name. The first video game is ''Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex '' for the ].<ref name="PS2-Release">{{cite web | url = http://ps2.gamespy.com/playstation-2/ghost-in-the-shell-stand-alone-complex/| title = Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex (PS2)| publisher = GameSpy | accessdate = 10-09-2012 }}</ref> The second video game is for the ], titled {{nihongo|"Kōkaku Kidōtai Stand Alone Complex - karyūdo no ryōiki -"|攻殻機動隊 STAND ALONE COMPLEX －狩人の領域－|lit. Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex -Hunters Territory-}} in Japan and ''Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex '' in North America.<ref name="PSP-Release">{{cite web | url = http://psp.gamespy.com/playstation-portable/ghost-in-the-shell-stand-alone-complex/| title = Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex (PSP)| publisher = GameSpy | accessdate = 10-09-2012 }}</ref> On March 29, 2012 a social game by ] titled {{nihongo|"Ghost in the Shell S.A.C. Tachikoma Wars!"|攻殻機動隊 S.A.C. タチコマウォーズ!|Kōkaku kidōtai S. A. C. Tachikoma Wōzu!}} was released.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://animeanime.jp/article/2012/03/29/9734.html| title = タチコマがソーシャルゲームに 「攻殻機動隊」の世界を描く | publisher = Animeanime.jp | language = Japanese | accessdate = 11-05-2012 }}</ref> Nexon is currently producing a ] titled ''Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex - Online'', the game will be a ] with a heavy basis on hacking and customization of the player's cyberized body.<ref name="GitS Online Ref2">{{cite web|first=Ishaan|title=Ghost in the Shell Online Game Is An FPS With A Focus On Hacking|url=http://www.siliconera.com/2013/02/12/ghost-in-the-shell-online-game-is-an-fps-with-a-focus-on-hacking/|work=Siliconera|publisher=Siliconera|accessdate=20 February 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=YJ|title=Nexon provides a brief on their upcoming Ghost in the Shell MMO|url=http://www.saint-ism.com/2013/02/nexon-provides-a-brief-on-their-upcoming-ghost-in-the-shell-mmo/|work=Saint-ism|accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> | |||
| == Arise universe == | |||
| {{main|Ghost in the Shell: Arise}} | {{main|Ghost in the Shell: Arise}} | ||
| '']'' is another animated iteration that takes place in eyt another alternate setting, set before the original manga. It is being released as a series of OVAs (with limited theatrical releases), with ] as chief director and ] as head writer.<ref name="Arise">{{cite web|url= http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2013-01-15/ghost-in-the-shell-arise-anime-to-launch-in-2013 |title= Ghost in the Shell Arise Anime to Launch in 2013 |publisher=Anime News Network|date=January 15, 2013|accessdate=2013-01-15}}</ref> ] was brought onto the project to compose the score for the OVAs. | |||
| An original manga for Arise, titled ''Ghost in the Shell: Arise ~Sleepless Eye~'' began serialization in ] on April 2013. | |||
| ⚫ | == |
||
| A number of artbooks detailing the concept art and world of ''Ghost in the Shell'' have been released. A box set titled {{nihongo|''Kōkaku Kidōtai Cyberdelics''|攻殻機動隊Cyberdelics}} was released on July 8, 1997. The box set contains a collection of posters illustrated by Masamune Shirow, a booklet and a puzzle.<ref>{{cite web |title= 攻殻機動隊 Ｃｙｂｅｒｄｅｌｉｃｓ |url= http://www.bookclub.kodansha.co.jp/bc2_bc/search_view.jsp?b=3363015 |language= Japanese |publisher=Kodansha |accessdate=2012-11-24}}</ref> A guidebook titled {{nihongo|''The Ghost in the Shell: Mechanical Analysis Reader''|攻殻機動隊メカニカル解析読本|Kōkaku Kidōtai mekanikaru kaiseki dokuhon}} was published by Kodansha and released on January 16, 1998.<ref>{{cite web |title= 攻殻機動隊メカニカル解析読本 |url=http://www.bookclub.kodansha.co.jp/bc2_bc/search_view.jsp?b=3198901 |language= Japanese |publisher=Kodansha |accessdate=2013-05-12}}</ref> An art book titled {{nihongo|''The Ghost in the Shell: Fuchikoma Papercraft''|攻殻機動隊フチコマ立体図鑑|Kōkaku Kidōtai fuchikoma Rittai Zukan}} was released by Kodansha on July 24, 2000. The book contains several different artwork and paper cut out figures of the Fuchikoma.<ref>{{cite web |title= 攻殻機動隊フチコマ立体図鑑 |url= http://www.bookclub.kodansha.co.jp/bc2_bc/search_view.jsp?b=3343170 |language= Japanese |publisher=Kodansha |accessdate=2012-11-12}}</ref> | |||
| ==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
Revision as of 17:38, 22 August 2013
This article is about the media franchise. For other uses, see Ghost in the Shell (disambiguation).| Ghost in the Shell | |
 Cover of The Ghost in the Shell, the first volume of the manga | |
| 攻殻機動隊 (Kōkaku Kidōtai) | |
|---|---|
| Genre | Cyberpunk |
| Manga | |
| The Ghost in the Shell | |
| Written by | Masamune Shirow |
| Published by | Kodansha |
| English publisher |
|
| Magazine | Young Magazine |
| Demographic | Seinen |
| Original run | May 1989 – August 1997 |
| Volumes | 3 (List of volumes) |
| Anime film | |
| Ghost in the Shell | |
| Directed by | Mamoru Oshii |
| Produced by | Yoshimasa Mizuo Ken Matsumoto Ken Iyadomi Mitsuhisa Ishikawa |
| Written by | Kazunori Itō |
| Music by | Kenji Kawai |
| Studio | Production I.G |
| Released |
|
| Runtime | 82 minutes |
| Anime television series | |
| Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex | |
| Directed by | Kenji Kamiyama |
| Written by | Kenji Kamiyama |
| Music by | Yoko Kanno |
| Studio | Production I.G |
| Video game | |
| Ghost in the Shell | |
| Developer | Exact |
| Genre | Action, third-person shooter |
| Platform | PlayStation |
| Related | |
Ghost in the Shell (攻殻機動隊, Kōkaku Kidōtai, literally "Mobile Armored Riot Police") is a Japanese media franchise originally published as a seinen manga series of the same name written and illustrated by Masamune Shirow. The manga, first serialized in 1989 under the subtitle of The Ghost in the Shell, and later published as its own tankōbon volumes by Kodansha, told the story of the fictional counter-cyberterrorist organization Public Security Section 9, led by protagonist Major Motoko Kusanagi, in the early 21st century of Japan.
Animation studio Production I.G has produced several different anime adaptations of Ghost in the Shell, starting with the 1995 film of the same name, telling the story of Section 9's investigation of the Puppet Master. The television series Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex followed in 2002, telling an alternate story from the manga and first film, featuring Section 9's investigations of government corruption in the Laughing Man and Individual Eleven incidents. The year 2013 will see the start of the Ghost in the Shell: Arise film series.
Title
Two official names exist for the works, the first is Kōkaku Kidōtai (攻殻機動隊, officially "Armored Shell"; literally "Mobile Armored Riot Police") and the second is "Ghost in the Shell". Masamune Shirow originally wanted to use the name "Ghost in the Shell" for the publication, as an homage to Arthur Koestler's The Ghost in the Machine, from which he drew inspiration. Kōichi Yuri, First Coordinator at Young Magazine, requested a "more flashy" name and Shirow came up with Kōkaku Kidōtai (攻殻機動隊). Shirow requested that "Ghost in the Shell" be included on the title even if it was in small print. Yuri believes that Kōkaku Kidōtai is the mainstream title while "Ghost in the Shell" is the theme. While most Japanese publications use both names, the original publication of in Young Magazine was Kōkaku Kidōtai.
When developing Ghost in the Shell 2: Man-Machine Interface, Shirow initially wanted to use a new title by changing the last kanji character meaning "military unit" (隊, tai), to the homophonic kanji for "body" (体, tai) so that it would literally translate "Mobile Unit Body Entity" (攻殻機動体, Kōkaku Kidōtai), but eventually he decided not to do so.
Setting
Main articles: World of Ghost in the Shell and List of Ghost in the Shell charactersPrimarily set in the mid-twenty-first century in the fictional Japanese city of Niihama, Niihama Prefecture (新浜県新浜市, Niihama-ken Niihama-shi), otherwise known as New Port City (ニューポートシティ, Nyū Pōto Shiti), the manga and the many anime adaptations follow the members of Public Security Section 9, a special-operations task-force made up of former military officers and police detectives. Political intrigue and counter-terrorism operations are standard fare for Section 9, but the various actions of corrupt officials, companies, and cyber-criminals in each scenario are unique and require the diverse skills of Section 9's staff to prevent a series of incidents from escalating.
In this cyberpunk iteration of a possible future, computer technology has advanced to the point that many members of the public possess cyberbrains, technology that allows them to interface their biological brain with various networks. The level of cyberization varies from simple minimal interfaces to almost complete replacement of the brain with cybernetic parts, in cases of severe trauma. This can also be combined with various levels of prostheses, with a fully prosthetic body enabling a person to become a cyborg. The heroine of Ghost in the Shell, Major Motoko Kusanagi, is such a cyborg, having had a terrible accident befall her as a child that ultimately required that she use a full-body prosthesis to house her cyberbrain. This high level of cyberization, however, opens the brain up to attacks from highly skilled hackers, with the most dangerous being those who will hack a person to bend to their whims.
Media
Manga
Main article: Ghost in the Shell (manga)The Ghost in the Shell originally ran from April 1989 to November 1990 in Kodansha's manga anthology Young Magazine, and was released in tankobon format on October 2, 1991. Ghost in the Shell 2: Man-Machine Interface ran in Young Magazine from September 1991 to August 1997. Four chapters that were not released in tankobon format from previous releases were later collected into a single volume titled Ghost in the Shell 1.5: Human-Error Processor serving as an interquel. The manga was published in July 23, 2003 by Kodansha. Several art books have also been published for the manga.
Films
Main articles: Ghost in the Shell (film) and InnocenceTwo animated films based on the original manga have been released, both directed by Mamoru Oshii and animated by Production I.G. Ghost in the Shell was released in 1995 and follows the "Puppet Master" storyline from the manga. It was re-released in 2008 as Ghost in the Shell 2.0 with new audio and updated 3D computer graphics in certain scenes. Innocence, otherwise known as Ghost in the Shell 2: Innocence, was released in 2004, with its story based on a chapter from Man-Machine Interface.
As of 2008, DreamWorks has acquired the rights to produce a live-action film adaptation of the original manga with Steven Spielberg. Avi Arad and Steven Paul are confirmed producers; Jamie Moss was originally hired to adapt the manga into a screenplay but in October 2009 it was announced that Laeta Kalogridis had replaced Moss as writer.
Video game
Main article: Ghost in the Shell (video game)Ghost in the Shell was developed by Exact and released for the PlayStation on July 17, 1997, in Japan by Sony Computer Entertainment. It is a third-person shooter featuring an original storyline where the character plays a rookie member of Section 9. The video game's soundtrack Megatech Body features various electronica artists.
Stand Alone Complex
Main article: Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone ComplexIn 2002, Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex premiered on Animax, presenting a new telling of Ghost in the Shell independent from the original manga, focusing on Section 9's investigation of the Laughing Man hacker. It was followed in 2004 by a second season titled Ghost in the Shell: S.A.C. 2nd GIG, which focused on the Individual Eleven terrorist group. Both seasons' primary storylines were compressed into OVAs broadcast in 2005 and 2006. Also in 2006, Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex - Solid State Society, featuring Section 9's confrontation with a hacker known as the Puppeteer, was broadcast, serving as a finale to the anime series.
Video games have also been released for Stand Alone Complex for the PlayStation 2, the PlayStation Portable, and Mobage. A massively multiplayer online game is also in production.
A series of novels and two manga series have also been released for Stand Alone Complex.
The extensive score for the series and its films was composed by Yoko Kanno.
Arise
Main article: Ghost in the Shell: AriseGhost in the Shell: Arise is another animated iteration that takes place in eyt another alternate setting, set before the original manga. It is being released as a series of OVAs (with limited theatrical releases), with Kazuchika Kise as chief director and Tow Ubukata as head writer. Cornelius was brought onto the project to compose the score for the OVAs.
Notes
- The real world Niihama is located in Ehime Prefecture
References
- Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex Official Log 1. Young Magazine. 2003. p. 9.
- 攻殻機動隊 STAND ALONE COMPLEX Official Log ① (DVD) (in Japanese). 2003.
{{cite AV media}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - Shirow, Masamune (2001). Ghost in the Shell 2: Man-Machine Interface. Vol. 11. Japan: Kodansha. ISBN 4-06-336310-4.
- "攻殻機動隊（１）" (in Japanese). Kodansha. Retrieved 2012-10-13.
- "攻殻機動隊ＳＯＬＩＤ ＢＯＸ" (in Japanese). 7net. Retrieved 2012-10-13.
- "攻殻機動隊 １．５" (in Japanese). Kodansha. Retrieved 2012-10-13.
- "Ghost in the Shell to Return to Japanese Theaters". Anime News Network. Retrieved November 9, 2011.
- Siegel, Tatiana; Fleming, Michael (April 14, 2008). "DreamWorks to make 'Ghost' in 3-D". Variety.com. Retrieved November 9, 2011.
- Siegel, Tatiana (October 22, 2009). "Kalogridis to adapt 'Ghost in the Shell'". Variety.com. Retrieved November 9, 2011.
- "攻殻機動隊 GHOST IN THE SHELL". Sony Computer Entertainment. Retrieved 2012-12-19.
- "世界中で絶賛されている近未来SFコミックス「攻殻機動隊」のプレイステーション・ゲームのSound [Techno] Trax。". Sony Music Entertainment Japan. Retrieved January 4, 2013.
- "Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex Online Game Coming From Nexon". Siliconera. Ishaan. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
{{cite web}}:|first=missing|last=(help) - "Ghost in the Shell Arise Anime to Launch in 2013". Anime News Network. January 15, 2013. Retrieved 2013-01-15.
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