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| The Decline of ] , ] and ] in the areas that now constitute the new country of Pakistan which was formed in 1947 happened for a variety of reasons, and even as these religions have continued to flourish beyond the eastern frontiers of Pakistan, these ] religions have continued to dwindle in Pakistan . | |||
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| ==Persecution== | |||
| {{Main|Hinduism in Pakistan|Persecution of Hindus#Pakistan|Anti-Hindu#Pakistan}} | |||
| There are a number of instances of persecution of Hindus in Pakistan. In 1951, Hindus constituted 22 percentage of the Pakistani population;<ref>Census of Pakistan, 1951</ref><ref> by Prafull Goradia, 2002 "In 1951, Muslims were 77 percent and Hindus were 22 percent."</ref> by 1998 the share of Hindus were down to around 1.7 percentage.<ref>Census of Pakistan, 1998</ref> This huge drop is due to wide forcible conversion and murder of those who resisted it, a situation that is recorded to have continued till date. Minority members of the Pakistan National Assembly have alleged that Hindus were being hounded and humiliated to force them to leave Pakistan.<ref>{{cite news | first =B. Murlidhar | last =Reddy | title = Hindus in Pakistan allege humiliation| url =http://www.hindu.com/2005/09/23/stories/2005092314831800.htm | publisher =The Hindu | accessdate =2006-08-26 | location=Chennai, India | date=September 23, 2005}}</ref> | |||
| The increasing Islamisation of Pakistan and antagonism against India, a nation with a Hindu majority, has been an influential factor in the persecution of religious minorities, among those minorities, Hindus. Such Islamisation include the ] laws, which make it dangerous for religious minorities to express themselves freely and engage freely in religious and cultural activities. The promulgation of ], Quranic law has also increased the marginalisation of Hindus and other minorities. Following the ] riots in India, riots and attacks on Hindus in retaliation has only increased; Hindus in Pakistan are routinely affected by communal incidents in India and violent developments on the ] conflict between the two nations. It remains the hope of many that a permanent peace between the two nations will go a long way in making life better for the roughly 3 million Hindus living in Pakistan. The 1998 census recorded 2,443,614 Hindus in Pakistan<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/6367773.stm | work=BBC News | title=Hindus feel the heat in Pakistan | date=2 March 2007}}</ref>. | |||
| Hindu minorities, under ] rule in ], were forced to wear Red headgear such as ]s as a symbol of ].<ref>http://specials.rediff.com/news/2009/mar/18sld1-hindu-families-face-the-heat.htm</ref>. | |||
| In July 2010, around 60 members of the minority Hindus in ] were attacked and ] following an incident when a Hindu youth drank from a water tap near an Islamic mosque<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/article512346.ece |title= Hindus attacked, evicted from their homes in Pak’s Sindh|author= Press Trust of India|date= 12 July 2010 |publisher=] |accessdate=14 July 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title= Hindus attacked in Pakistan|newspaper= ]|date= Tuesday, 13 July 2010|url= http://news.oneindia.in/2010/07/13/hindus-in-sindh-attacked-pakistan.html}}</ref> | |||
| ====Pakistan Studies curriculum issues==== | |||
| {{Main|Pakistan Studies curriculum}} | |||
| According to the ] report 'Associated with the insistence on the Ideology of Pakistan has been an essential component of hate against India and the Hindus. For the upholders of the Ideology of Pakistan, the existence of Pakistan is defined only in relation to Hindus, and hence the Hindus have to be painted as negatively as possible'<ref name=sdpi>Nayyar, A.H. and Salim, A. (eds.)(2003). . Report of the project ''A Civil Society Initiative in Curricula and Textbooks Reform''. Sustainable Development Policy Institute, Islamabad.</ref> A 2005 report by the National Commission for Justice and Peace a non profit organization in Pakistan, found that Pakistan Studies textbooks in Pakistan have been used to articulate the hatred that Pakistani policy-makers have attempted to inculcate towards the Hindus. 'Vituperative animosities legitimise military and autocratic rule, nurturing a siege mentality. Pakistan Studies textbooks are an active site to represent India as a hostile neighbour' the report stated. 'The story of Pakistan’s past is intentionally written to be distinct from, and often in direct contrast with, interpretations of history found in India. From the government-issued textbooks, students are taught that Hindus are backward and superstitious.' Further the report stated 'Textbooks reflect intentional obfuscation. Today’s students, citizens of Pakistan and its future leaders are the victims of these partial truths'.<ref>, ], 2006-04-25</ref><ref name="LA Times Report: In Pakistan's Public Schools, Jihad Still Part of Lesson Plan - The Muslim nation's public school texts still promote hatred and jihad, reformers say."> By Paul Watson, Times Staff Writer; August 18, 2005; ]. 4 Page article online Retrieved on 02 January 2010</ref><ref name="Outlook India Magazine Report: Primers Of Hate - History or biology, Pakistani students get anti-India lessons in all their textbooks; 'Hindu, Enemy Of Islam' - These are extracts from government-sponsored textbooks approved by the National Curriculum Wing of the Federal Ministry of Education."> By AMIR MIR; Oct 10, 2005; ] Retrieved on 02 January 2010</ref><ref>; by Arindam Banerji; July 16, 2003; ] Retrieved on 02 January 2010</ref> | |||
| An editorial in Pakistan's oldest newspaper ] commenting on a report in ] on Pakistani Textbooks noted 'By propagating concepts such as ], the inferiority of non-Muslims, India’s ingrained enmity with Pakistan, etc., the textbook board publications used by all government schools promote a mindset that is bigoted and obscurantist. Since there are more children studying in these schools than in ] the damage done is greater. '<ref>, ], 2009-05-20</ref><ref name="Dawn: ‘School texts spreading more extremism than seminaries’"> By Our Special Correspondent; Tuesday, 19 May 2009; ]. Retrieved 01 January 2010</ref> According to the historian Professor ], textbook reform in Pakistan began with the introduction of Pakistan Studies and Islamic studies by ] in 1971 into the national curriculum as compulsory subject. Former military dictator Gen ] under a general drive towards Islamization, started the process of historical revisionism in earnest and exploited this initiative. 'The Pakistani establishment taught their children right from the beginning that this state was built on the basis of religion – that's why they don't have tolerance for other religions and want to wipe-out all of them.'<ref name="Dawn: ‘School texts spreading more extremism than seminaries’"/><ref>, ], 2009-05-18</ref> | |||
| According to ], a physics professor at ] in ], the "Islamizing" of Pakistan's schools began in 1976 when an act of parliament required all government and private schools (except those teaching the British O-levels from Grade 9) to follow a curriculum that includes learning outcomes for the federally approved Grade 5 social studies class such as: 'Acknowledge and identify forces that may be working against Pakistan,' 'Make speeches on Jihad,' 'Collect pictures of policemen, soldiers, and national guards,' and 'India's evil designs against Pakistan.'<ref>, ], 2009-01-21</ref> | |||
| == References == | |||
| {{reflist}} | |||
| ==External links== | |||
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