Misplaced Pages

Revision as of 22:55, 1 December 2013

Arena Corinthians

File:Arena Corinthians Logo.jpg
3D Model
Full name	Arena Corinthians
Location	Av. Miguel Inácio Curi, 111, Vila Carmosina, 08295-005 São Paulo, Brazil
Coordinates	23°32′44″S 46°28′24″W / 23.545531°S 46.473373°W / -23.545531; -46.473373
Public transit	Corinthians-Itaquera
Owner	Corinthians
Operator	Corinthians
Executive suites	89
Capacity	48,234
Field size	105 by 68 metres (115 by 74 yd)
Surface	Perennial Ryegrass with Artificial Fibres (Desso GrassMaster)
Scoreboard	Four high-resolution 30 by 7.5 metres (32.8 by 8.2 yd) LED screens
Construction
Broke ground	30 May 2011
Built	31 December 2013 (estimated)
Construction cost	R$820 million
Architect	Aníbal Coutinho
Project manager	Andrés Sánchez
Structural engineer	Werner Sobek
Services engineer	Frederico Barbosa
Main contractors	Norberto Odebrecht Construtora
Tenants
Corinthians (football)
Website
Arena Corinthians official website

The Arena Corinthians, in São Paulo, Brazil, is the future home stadium of the Sport Club Corinthians Paulista. When completed, it will be the fifth-largest stadium on the top tier of the Brazilian League and the eleventh-largest in Brazil, with a seating capacity of 48,234.

The stadium will host six 2014 FIFA World Cup matches, including the opening match. Due to the request of at least 65,000 seats for the World Cup opening match, temporary seats will be added to the stadium for the tournament.

History

Background

Corinthians planned to build a new 201,304-capacity stadium, as their own Alfredo Shürig Stadium held fewer than 14,000 people and city's Pacaembu Stadium had to be shared with other teams. Plans to build a new stadium required a large area, and then president Vicente Matheus asked for a concession to São Paulo's Mayor in the Itaquera region, east of the city centre. The request was accepted by mayor Olavo Setúbal on 10 November 1978 and a concession for 90 years was granted on 26 December 1978 for a 197,095.14 square metres (2,121,514.4 sq ft) property. The area was owned at the time by COHAB, an agency for popular housing controlled by the São Paulo City government. The original plan was to built the stadium in three to five years. The concession was renewed in 1988 for 90 years, with the condition that any construction made in the area would revert to the city at no cost.

Funding was not obtained and other alternatives have been considered, like getting a concession for the Pacaembu Stadium and demolishing the Alfredo Schürig Stadium making room for another, among other proposals.

Corinthians announced the construction of the 48,234-capacity stadium on 31 August 2010 with an estimated cost of R$335 million and an expected gross revenue of R$100 million per year. The original plans allow for an expansion to reach 70,000 seats.

Corinthians expected to get financing from BNDES and sell the naming rights for the stadium to pay the construction costs.

The main architect is Aníbal Coutinho, assisted by Antônio Paulo Cordeiro from Coutinho, Diegues, Cordeiro (DDG), partnering with Werner Sobek who rendered structural engineering services. The stadium was planned to be concluded by March 2013.

FIFA World Cup 2014 Hosting

Accenture estimated that the World Cup opening would bring R$30.75 Billion over 10 years to the city, estimulating the city to bring the opening match to São Paulo. A study from Fundação Getúlio Vargas estimated R$1 Billion in revenue just for the opening match, as 290 thousand tourists are expected for the event.

Although Morumbi Stadium was originally selected to host the FIFA 2014 World Cup in São Paulo, they failed to provide proof of funding for a R$630 million renovations plan asked by FIFA in order to secure its spot; the stadium was then excluded from the tournament on 16 June 2010. The Local World Cup Committee looked for alternatives and set on offering Arena Corinthians to host the opening game; FIFA accepted the suggestion and confirmed the decision on 10 October 2011.

Hosting the opening game required modifications on the original project that raised the cost from the original R$335 million to R$1.07 billion to accommodate FIFA's requirements. Cuts in equipment, furniture and construction costs brought the price down. On top of that, due to FIFA's agreements with Brazil, all construction related to the World Cup is not allowed to be taxed by the Federal Government; the final price agreed upon was R$820 million.

A new contract was signed on 19 July 2011 with Odebrecht; R$400 million of the total were going to be financed by BNDES and the remaining R$420 million in tax credits granted by the City. A 2007 law stated that those tax credits could be used by any company who established itself on the Eastern region of the city, providing a credit of R$0.60 per R$1.00 invested. A new law was passed by the city legislature to deal specifically with this stadium and reduce the incentives, linking the concession of the credits to hosting the World Cup opening match and limiting the total amount of credits to R$420 million. The concession was justified by the fact that it is expected that the stadium will generate R$950 million in city taxes during the six years after its opening, R$530 million in excess of the tax credits given.

The financing contract with BNDES was signed on 29 November 2013, under their ProCopas Arenas World Cup program. Caixa Econômica Federal is the distributing agent.

The estimated construction cost did not include estimated R$35 million for adding temporary bleachers, planned to be removed after the World Cup is over. They will be set on one of the sides and on the north and south ends. The addition would raise the total capacity up to 72,000 seats, but the relocation of VIP areas and TV equipment will reduce the usable capacity. During the tournament, FIFA estimates that the gross capacity will be 67,349 and the seating capacity will be 59,955.

After the World Cup, Corinthians will have to retrofit the stadium for regular use; they consider that the stadium will be 92% ready for their use after the tournament. The expectation is that it will be completely retrofitted by February 2015. The estimated cost is R$20 million

Construction

As of 13 November 2013, the reported progress on the construction is 94%.

An accident on 27 November 2013 destroyed part of the East building, killing two people. A crane fell while carrying a part of the roof and destroyed eight columns of the LED screen and part of an internal slab.

An area of 5,000 square metres (54,000 sq ft) has been closed for investigation. Initial hypotheses are human error, crane mechanical failure and unstability on the terrain under the crane. A new date for completion is not set yet; an initial assessment is that the repairs will take two months and the work will continue normally on other parts of the stadium. The structure was not affected due to the anti vandalism glass installed on the east façade.

Opening Game

The first public football match at the stadium is planned to happen before 21 January 2014.

FIFA World Cup 2014

Date	Time (UTC-03)	Team #1	Res.	Team #2	Round	Attendance
June 12, 2014	17:00	Brazil	Match 1	A2	Group A
June 19, 2014	16:00	D1	Match 23	D3	Group D
June 23, 2014	13:00	B2	Match 36	B3	Group B
June 26, 2014	17:00	H2	Match 48	H3	Group H
July 1, 2014	13:00	Winner Group F	Match 55	Runner-up Group E	Round of 16
July 9, 2014	17:00	Winner Match 59	Match 62	Winner Match 60	Semi-Finals

Names

The stadium was called Estádio do Corinthians by Corinthians when it was announced. The name being used in the official site is Arena Corinthians.

Attempts to nickname it have been made by the local media, although none have been widely accepted. Local media outlets Estado and Folha refer to Arena Corinthians as Itaquerão, while Rede Record uses Fielzão. The largest media company in Brazil, Rede Globo, uses Arena Corinthians like sports diary Lance!.

The naming rights are currently valued R$405 million by the club for fifteen to eighteen years; a study by Brunoro Sports Business estimated that the value should be R$21 million per year.

Many companies have been linked as possible buyers, like Petrobras, Ambev, Grupo Petrópolis, Etihad Airways, Qatar Foundation, Caixa Econômica Federal, Emirates Airlines, Bradesco, Telefonica, BMG, Itaú, Santander and Zurich Insurance Group, but no deal has been announced yet.

FIFA refers to the Stadium as Arena de São Paulo.

Architecture

Aníbal Coutinho designed the stadium to be "a stadium that would help the supporters, that would help the team to win matches, I wanted to make the supporters get on the pitch". Aníbal leads a team of 25 architects.

The complex is being built in a 197,095.14 square metres (2,121,514.4 sq ft) property. The built up area will be 189,000 square metres (2,030,000 sq ft) with 17,500 cubic metres (620,000 cu ft) of concrete. 80% of the structural construction is made of precast elements, 40% manufactured on a 7,500 square metres (81,000 sq ft) plant on-site. The peak number of workers on site was 2,300, recorded on November 2012.

The rectangular 267 by 228 metres (876 by 748 ft), 43 metres (141 ft) tall stadium has two buildings, the main on the west side and another on the east side. When measurements are taken from the pitch, the east side height is 51 metres (167 ft), the west side goes up to 57 metres (187 ft) and the north and south ends are 15 metres (49 ft) tall. The pitch sits at exactly 777 metres (2,549 ft), as explained by Aníbal Coutinho: "The number 77 is considered lucky for the club. The club is located at 777 São Jorge St. and it brings to mind the 1977 that they won one their most celebrated championships of all time" (the Campeonato Paulista of 1977).

West and East Buildings

The west side has a 6,150 square metres (66,200 sq ft) façade. A single entrance with reflecting pools on each side will give access to the building. VIP seats, TV crew equipment, press and most box seats will be on the west building. Corinthians' crest will shine behind the glass façade. The glass has been designed with a curvature intended to simulate the visual effect of a ball hitting the net. Special 26 metres (85 ft) seamless beams have been developed to support the structure. The geometry consulting company Evolute GmbH developed a paneling solution which rationalized the 5,400 square metres (58,000 sq ft) double curved freeform glass surface into 855 planar and cylindrical panels, all in hot bent toughened glass. This solution allowed for minimising the number of shapes necessary by 93%, reducing costs considerably.

The east side will house the largest single video screen in the world, 170 by 20 metres (558 by 66 ft)—3,400 square metres (37,000 sq ft). The screen has 210,000 individual LEDs; 1320 custom made luminaires will be fitted in 4 metres (13 ft) long glass sheets. The screen is manufactured by Osram Traxon, controlled by an E:cue lighting control.

Glass for both façades were manufactured by Italian company Sunglass SRL.

External walls will be covered by 3 square metres (32 sq ft) white Levantina Techlam ceramic tiles, A 12 metres (39 ft) Corinthians symbol will be on the south wall of the east side, built in inox and backlit.

Both buildings will have air conditioned in all internal areas. It is planned to have 3 restaurants/sports bars and a fourth will be a sports bar during the day and a nightclub by night.

The public will circulate using 10 escalators, 15 elevators, two ramps and 13 staircases. 59 concession stands are available, as is an Auditorium for 360 people and a 25,000 square metres (270,000 sq ft) convention center under the west building. A museum dedicated to Corinthians will be set up on the east building.

Interior design is signed by Gensler.

There are six changing rooms. Home team changing rooms occupy 1,300 square metres (14,000 sq ft), with Jacuzzis, cryotherapy and a private area for the coach. The warm-up area has bleachers for 86 VIP ticket holders, separated by soundproof glass.

All the public areas have air conditioning and are finished in marble, granite or top tier ceramic tile.

Seating

There are 48,234 seats (plus 17,000 temporary bleachers during the World Cup). The stadium will have 6,000 second tier covered seating and 10,000 VIP seats.

89 luxury boxes will accommodate 1,414 spectators. Distributed on the 5th and 6th floors, 87% have 12 seats, 10% between 21 and 33 seats and 4 units more than 70 seats. The largest units will have more than 470 square metres (5,100 sq ft).

The lowest ring of bleachers go around the entire Arena. It will hold 10,500 seats on each side plus 6,000 behind the goals, for a total of 33,000 places.

The distance between the first row of seating and the field is 9 metres (30 ft) on all sides.

General seating is provided by Bluecube³, using an exclusive design based on the Integra model. There are four different finishes, ranging from straight chairs without arms to stuffed chairs in leather. Most seats are white. Business level and box seats are finished in black leather and made by Poltrona Frau. The 600 seats have laser-engraved club crests.

Roof

Werner Sobek designed the roof, held in place by forty-eight 75 metres (246 ft) long trusses. The west and east sides are joined by two identical structures with a free span of 170 metres (560 ft). The total East-West roof length is 245.75 metres (806.3 ft). Aníbal Coutinho intended to bring a paulistano flair to the construction, with structures that resembled the São Paulo Museum of Art, a symbol of the city.

The height of the roof and weight of the trusses required the use of the largest Liebherr Group crawler crane available in Latin America. Just the steel beams account for 4,000 tons.

The roof has four layers. First, a layer of steel corrugated sheets. Above them, thermal and acoustic insulation will be provided by Polyisocyanurate sheets. A layer of plasterboard will be installed above it. Finally, the entire roof will be covered with 40,000 square metres (430,000 sq ft) of Firestone Ultraply TPO. On the underside a flexible membrane will cover the structure.

This final layer will help to collect rainwater to reuse in other areas of the stadium.

The structure was redesigned to duplicate the current noise level supporters create during games. Measurements taken on Pacaembu show that sound levels reach a peak of 113dB when goals are scored.

4,500 square metres (48,000 sq ft) photo voltaic glass will be installed on the end closest to the pitch of the west and east roofing, generating 1.0 MWp.

The entire structure measures 32,300 square metres (348,000 sq ft) and weights 6,500 tons.

Scoreboards

Osram will install four scoreboards in the stadium, on the north and south ends, above the bleachers. They will be set in pairs, one facing the pitch and one facing outside. The inside-facing screen will have a 7mm dot pitch. Each screen is 225 square metres (2,420 sq ft), measuring 30 by 7.5 metres (98 by 25 ft).

During the World Cup, they will be positioned under each of the side roofs. 3,500 flat panel TVs will be installed all over the stadium, individually or as video walls, amounting to 3,100 stations.

Lighting

The pitch lighting is going to use 352 Osram Siteco 2000-Watt Metal-halide 6000K multivapor lamps, guaranteeing over 90% of colour fidelity. The 5,000 lux lighting will be completely uniform and is 50% more than recommended by FIFA. Osram provides lighting for the entire complex.

Pitch

The field has recommended FIFA dimensions of 105 by 68 metres (115 by 74 yd). It will be prepared by World Sports, in partnership with Desso.

The field is made up of Perennial Ryegrass, which is grown directly at the site. The original idea was to use black grass, to avoid the colors of their biggest rivals, but it was proved to be technically impossible; the option chosen was to use grass with a darker hue. To improve fixation, the grass will be intertwined with 22 million artificial fibres.Ultraviolet lights will be used nightly to ensure that all parts of the pitch will receive equal lighting; the field is exposed to only two hours of direct sunlight per day.

Worldsports uses a blend of three cultivars from DLF-Trifolium, Ph.D. Ryegrass Perenne, from Oregon, USA. DLF states that this grass has strong cold and wear tolerance and is disease resistant, combined with fast growth rate. The hue is 8.7 on a scale of 1 to 9, where 9 is dark green.

The choice of using ryegrass instead of the most common and usually recommended Bermuda brought advantages like having longitudinal roots (avoiding the cleats to tangle with them) and not getting a yellowish hue easily. It also brought challenges, as ryegrass is native to cooler climates, requiring 23 °C (73 °F) to optimum growth. Since the temperature in São Paulo rarely goes below 14 °C (57 °F), a heating system will not be used. A system will bring the grass roots temperature to 6 °C (43 °F), pushing cold water through the 40,000 metres (130,000 ft) of drainage pipes.

The grass is mowed to keep the height between 2.2 centimetres (0.87 in) and 2.5 centimetres (0.98 in).

The drainage has two operating modes, gravitational and vacuum-enhanced (ISASS). The vacuum draining system can handle up to 400,000 litres (88,000 imp gal) per hour, improving oxygen levels on the rooting system and cooling the pitch, even during matches. This is equivalent to 56 millimetres (2.2 in) of rain drained in one hour.

The irrigation will have individual sprinkler controls, controlled by a computerized system. The system is formed by 48 sprinklers, twice the minimum FIFA recommendation.

Information Technology and Communications

The stadium will have wi-fi and 4G LTE in all its sectors. Using smartphones, the public will be able to access game stats and watch replays published on a page maintained by the stadium crew.

A dedicated team will control centrally all the screens and scoreboards. Supporters will be monitored by a computer system connect with hundreds of security cameras. All services are contracted with Sonda IT.

Reception

The project received both the Best Commercial Project and the Grand Prize as the Best Overall Project in Brazil on the largest Corporate Architecture event in Latin America in 2011, competing against 1,116 projects.

Reception by Corinthians supporters was enthusiastic according to a poll, with 83% approval of the stadium. Opposition fans have surprisingly good approval rates of the enterprise. Hundreds of supporters visit the construction site often.

Revenue

The project manager, Andrés Sanchez, believed the gross revenue would be R$200 million per year, including ticket revenue. Aníbal Coutinho, on the other hand states that the stadium was projected to generate R$150 million per year. Sanchez expects expenses to be R$36 million per year.

The latest review forecasts R$291 million per year in revenue, excluding ticket sales.

Andres said that out of 16 naming rights properties he have secured seven buyers already, although no deals have been formalized yet.

Transport

The stadium is 19 kilometres (12 miles) east of the City Centre and 21 kilometres (13 miles) away from the São Paulo–Guarulhos International Airport. The nearest subway station is Corinthians-Itaquera, 500m from the stadium. It connects to a railway station with the same name. The Artur Alvim subway station is 800m away.

If all the users boarded trains to leave the stadium, it would be empty in 30 minutes. On World Cup matches an express train will connect Luz and the Corinthians-Itaquera CPTM Station, making the trip in 17 minutes. After the World Cup, studies will determine if the service will be kept.

The metro and train stations can handle 100,000 passengers per hour. Each metro train can carry 1,600 passengers and has a 85-second interval.

The site has 1,620 covered parking spaces and 929 open air parking spaces, with another 2,214 spaces provided by a close shopping mall.

There are 61 bus routes that stop close to Arena Corinthians.

Other uses

Corinthians does not plan to host concerts or other sport events in the stadium, considering that the use for non-football events can destroy the pitch and football ticket sales will make up for the revenue. The club plans to use the structure for conventions and trade shows and promote tours of the stadium. A 2,500 square metres (27,000 sq ft) convention center is going to be located under the west building.

Controversies

The Arena Corinthians has met some criticism regarding the circumstances in which it was chosen as the World Cup stadium for São Paulo, and the resources used for its construction. The exclusion of Morumbi as the stadium for the World Cup and later the announcement of Corinthians' arena as the venue for the event is treated as a political manoeuvre. After receiving several negative responses from FIFA about the renovation project for Morumbi, then-CBF-president Ricardo Teixeira's patience grew tired with São Paulo officers. Their opposition to Teixeira in the now defunct Clube dos 13 elections (won by ruling-side Fábio Koff, allying with São Paulo's Juvenal Juvêncio) irritated the CBF president, and was one of the main reasons that eventually led to Morumbi's exclusion from the World Cup. At the same time, affinity emerged between Teixeira and then-president of Corinthians, Andrés Sanchez, chosen as the head of delegation for the national team during the 2010 FIFA World Cup. Later on, Arena Corinthians was unveiled on August 31 of the same year, and CBF ultimately chose the stadium as the São Paulo venue for the World Cup. The whole process regarding the Morumbi's exclusion and the announcement of Arena Corinthians as the chosen stadium is considered to be political revenge by Teixeira on Juvêncio and a reward for Sanchez's loyalty to the CBF commander.

Another controversy faced by the construction is the alleged use of public resources to build the stadium, and the values declared as the total needed to build it. The Financial Times expressed its concern with the total amount of money expected to be spent on a new stadium, as opposed to the cost of renovation of Morumbi. Brazilian news portal UOL has also stated that the amount of public resources applied to the stadium's construction in different ways is even larger than the final cost of six other World Cup stadiums. This was done taking into account the concessions given by the city council, the cost of the temporary seats and tax exemption for construction materials. In another section of the portal, it is stated that only those concessions are larger in value than the cost of the two other private stadia for the World Cup (Estádio Beira-Rio and Arena da Baixada), and that the manner in which these resources were earmarked to Corinthians are "at least, foggy." This was followed by an attempt by the Public Prosecutor's Office to cut them at some point. The article also points out the validity of tax exemptions issued by the city council, also contested by the Office, as there are doubts regarding social contribution on the club's behalf.

Controversies also arose after the accident on 27 November around the safety of the construction. While there is still no conclusion to the case, some facts came to light after the disaster. The Labour Union in the Civil Construction Industries of São Paulo (Sintracon-SP) stated there was a warning regarding problems at the crane's base hours before the accident, and that, regardless, the operation continued. Odebrecht and Corinthians refuted the statement, saying that no such warning was passed on to them, and issued an statement saying that specific union was not the representative of the workers for that construction. In the aftermath of the event, all crane operations in the stadium were suspended until further notice by the Ministry of Labour, and evidences of irregularities were also revealed in the meantime. According to the Prosecutor's Office, at least 50 issues with the operations and project, especially concerning emergency plans and escape routes. It was also pointed out that the project in execution now is not the same approved by the city council back in 2011. Amendments were made to the final project and presented in 25 July, but still need approval. While FIFA states they have no plans to move World Cup away from São Paulo officially, they work with the possiblity of moving the six games expected to be hosted at Arena Corinthians to another venue, leaving only minor matches in São Paulo.

References

Citations

1. ^ "O Projeto" (in Portuguese). 20 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
2. Cardilli, Juliana (30 May 2011). "Começam as obras no estádio do Corinthians em SP" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 20 June 2013.
3. "Entrega da Arena Corinthians está confirmada para dezembro de 2013" (in Portuguese). 15 May 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
4. "2014 FIFA World Cup™ Brazil™ Kicks Off on Hybrid Grass". 22 November 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2013.
5. ^ "Football arena in Sao Paulo: complete stadium lighting from a single source". Retrieved 20 June 2013.
6. "Gramado do estádio do Timão homenageará clube e título de 77" (in Portuguese). 17 October 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
7. "Se quiserem mudar o local de abertura da Copa fiquem à vontade, diz Andres à Fifa" (in Portuguese). 14 May 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
8. "Stadium Sao Paulo". Retrieved 20 June 2013. Services rendered by Werner Sobek: Structural Engineering (phase 1-8)
9. ^ "Victory in the race against time". 25 March 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
10. ^ "Projeto de estádio corintiano ficou pronto no dia da indicação para abertura da Copao Paulo". 30 August 2010. Retrieved 14 July 2013.
11. ^ "Terreno do Fielzão ganha traves e novas linhas do 'campo'" (in Portuguese). 6 October 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
12. "Anexo:Lista dos maiores estádios do Brasil" (in Portuguese). 20 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
13. "Match Schedule". 20 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
14. "If you build it... Sao Paulo to host opening 2014 World Cup match". 26 February 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
15. "Corinthians defy FIFA after warning over stadium delays". 15 May 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
16. "Mateus agora quer terreno da Cohab" (in Portuguese). 5 September 1980. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
17. ^ "Com Geisel, Coríntians mais perto do estádio" (in Portuguese). 11 November 1978. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
18. ^ "LEI N.o 8851, DE 26 DE DEZEMBRO DE 1978" (PDF) (in Portuguese). 26 December 1978. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
19. "História" (in Portuguese). 20 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
20. "LEI Nº 10622, DE 09 DE SETEMBRO DE 1988" (PDF) (in Portuguese). 9 September 1988. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
21. "Vereadores recomendam concessão do Pacaembu; Corinthians já tem projeto" (in Portuguese). 9 September 2009. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
22. "FPF banca reconstrução do Parque São Jorge" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 20 June 2013.
23. "Empresas marcam reunião para apresentar projeto de estádio ao Conselho corintiano" (in Portuguese). 17 May 2010. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
24. "Hicks Muse investe para formar um Corinthians 'caseiro'" (in Portuguese). 16 February 2000. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
25. ^ "Nota Oficial - Estádio do Corinthians: do sonho à realidade" (in Portuguese). 31 August 2010. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
26. "Compacto, estádio corintiano promete ser um caldeirão" (in Portuguese). 31 August 2010. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
27. "Corinthians busca maior "naming rights" da história" (in Portuguese). 5 November 2010. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
28. ^ "Corintiano ganha estádio que terá a sua própria cara" (in Portuguese). 1 December 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
29. ^ "Especial Copa 2014: Arena Corinthians" (in Portuguese). 6 March 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
30. "Conselho do Corinthians aprova construção do estádio em Itaquera" (in Portuguese). 17 September 2010. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
31. ^ "Estudo prevê ganho de R$ 31 bi com estádio até 2020" (in Portuguese). January 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
32. "Estádio da abertura da Copa 2014 como dinamizador do desenvolvimento da Zona Leste e da Cidade de São Paulo" (PDF) (in Portuguese). January 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
33. "São Paulo espera mais de R$ 1 bi com abertura da Copa na cidade" (in Portuguese). 20 October 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
34. "CBF afirma que Morumbi está fora da Copa de 2014" (in Portuguese). 16 June 2010. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
35. "Copa do Mundo começa com jogo da seleção no Itaquerão; Rio abriga a final" (in Portuguese). 20 October 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
36. "Cortes no "Fielzão" barraram hidromassagem e placa de mármore" (in Portuguese). 19 August 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
37. "Estádio do Corinthians fica 20% mais barato" (in Portuguese). 8 June 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
38. "Corinthians oficializa custo do Itaquerão: R$ 820 milhões" (in Portuguese). 19 July 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
39. "LEI Nº 14.654, DE 20 DE DEZEMBRO DE 2007" (PDF) (in Portuguese). 20 December 2007. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
40. "LEI Nº 15.413, DE 20 DE JULHO DE 2011" (PDF) (in Portuguese). 20 July 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
41. "Corinthians assina contrato para financiar a Arena Corinthians" (in Portuguese). 29 November 2013. Retrieved 29 November 2013.
42. "Convênio define em fevereiro quem vai fazer 20 mil lugares de Itaquera" (in Portuguese). 25 January 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
43. ^ "Corintiano ganha estádio que terá a sua própria cara" (in Portuguese). 1 December 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
44. "2014 FIFA World Cup 2014 Brazil Media Information Kit" (PDF). p. 12. Retrieved 19 July 2013.
45. "Arena Corinthians estará 92% pronta na abertura da Copa do Mundo" (in Portuguese). 25 January 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
46. "Três empresas disputam Itaquerão" (in Portuguese). 12 April 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
47. "Corinthians deve gastar R$ 20 mi para readaptar Itaquerão pós-Copa" (in Portuguese). 26 September 2013. Retrieved 26 September 2013.
48. "Avanço de 94%" (in Portuguese). 13 November 2013. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
49. "Acidente nas obras do estádio do Corinthians deixa feridos e um morto" (in Portuguese). 27 November 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2013.
50. "Corinthians evita falar em atraso na entrega do estádio para a Copa" (in Portuguese). 27 November 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2013.
51. "Sao Paulo stadium accident leaves two dead". BBC News. 27 November 2013. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
52. "Arquiteto registra em vídeo momento do acidente na Arena Corinthians" (in Portuguese). 28 November 2013. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
53. "Corinthians e Odebrecht fazem análise prévia e reparos devem levar dois meses" (in Portuguese). 27 November 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2013.
54. "Vidro 'antivândalos' ameniza acidente e 'salva' Copa do Mundo no Itaquerão" (in Portuguese). 27 November 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2013.
55. "Chefe do COL diz que 1º jogo da Arena Corinthians será até 20 de janeiro" (in Portuguese). 5 September 2013. Retrieved 5 September 2013.
56. "Arena Corinthians" (in Portuguese). 20 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
57. "Itaquerão" (in Portuguese). 20 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
58. "BNDES fecha empréstimo ao Itaquerão" (in Portuguese). 18 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
59. ^ "Corinthians só poderá usar Fielzão em 2015, diz arquiteto do estádio" (in Portuguese). 7 July 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
60. "Arena Corinthians passa pelo teste de estrutura para a Copa do Mundo" (in Portuguese). 3 May 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.,
61. "Arena Corinthians" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 20 June 2013.
62. "Andrés promete oposição forte na CBF e aponta favorito à sucessão de Gobbi" (in Portuguese). 25 September 2013. Retrieved 25 September 2013.
63. "Batismo de estádio gera receita menor, mesmo com Copa" (in Portuguese). 18 July 2011. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
64. "Petrobras pode pagar R$ 400 milhões para viabilizar estádio do Corinthians" (in Portuguese). 6 February 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
65. "Em Negociação" (in Portuguese). 5 May 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
66. "Andrés diz que Itaipava negocia os naming rights com o Timão" (in Portuguese). 11 April 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
67. ^ "'Fielzão' pode ganhar patrocínio do Oriente Médio" (in Portuguese). 12 November 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
68. "Caixa e Corinthians Definem Garantias" (in Portuguese). 30 April 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
69. "NAS ASAS DO TIMÃO" (in Portuguese). 24 November 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
70. ^ "Nome depende da Globo" (in Portuguese). 21 October 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
71. "Telefónica tem proposta para estádio do Corinthians" (in Portuguese). 8 February 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
72. "Montillo pode ser parte de ampla parceria Timão e BMG" (in Portuguese). 16 December 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
73. "310 milhões de reais" (in Portuguese). 4 July 2013. Retrieved 14 August 2013.
74. "Arena Corinthians" (in Portuguese). 12 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
75. "Arena de Sao Paulo - Sao Paulo" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 20 June 2013.
76. ^ "Itaquerão, o estádio da abertura da Copa" (in Portuguese). 25 August 2013. Retrieved 25 August 2013.
77. "Precast Concrete in Brazilian Arenas for the 2015 World Cup. General Concepts and example: Corinthians Itaquera. SP" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Retrieved 20 June 2013.
78. ^ "Arena Corinthians se prepara para sediar abertura da Copa do Mundo 2014" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 20 June 2013.
79. . 29 April 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
80. ^ "OSRAM e Galtier revelam detalhes das fachadas da Arena Corinthians" (in Portuguese). 14 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
81. "Works in Progress". Retrieved 28 June 2013.
82. "Large scale double curved glass façades made feasible — The Arena Corinthians West Façade, Sao Paulo". Retrieved 10 July 2013.
83. "Corinthians testa o 'maior telão do mundo' em seu estádio em Itaquera". O Estado de São Paulo. 19 April 2013. Retrieved 18 June 2013.
84. "Works in Progress". Retrieved 28 June 2013.
85. "Cerâmica" (in Portuguese). 9 August 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
86. "Sobre a Obra" (in Portuguese). 16 July 2013. Retrieved 16 July 2013.
87. ^ "Entre as novidades da Arena, Itaquerão terá até discoteca para torcedores" (in Portuguese). 23 December 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
88. "Mutante" (in Portuguese). 10 October 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
89. "Gensler". Retrieved 20 June 2013.
90. ^ "Esbanjando luxo, Arena Corinthians chega à reta final das construções; veja em FOTOS e VÍDEO". 28 August 2013. Retrieved 28 August 2013.
91. "Arena Corinthians chega a 75,7% de avanço, após quase dois anos de obras" (in Portuguese). 2 May 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
92. "Lado oeste da Arena é visto como mina de ouro pelo Corinthians" (in Portuguese). 18 August 2013. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
93. ^ "Com 'cara paulistana', Itaquerão é 'verde' e retangular" (in Portuguese). 4 September 2011. Retrieved 22 July 2013.
94. "Inspiração no Dallas e cadeiras brancas" (in Portuguese). 6 February 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
95. "The first 500 Integra chairs has been installed at Corinthians Stadium in Brazil". 2 September 2013. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
96. "Itaquerão, do Corinthians, terá cadeiras resistentes para combater vandalismo" (in Portuguese). 2 September 2013. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
97. "Itaquerão terá poltronas de Ferrari em setor 'very VIP'" (in Portuguese). 14 November 2013. Retrieved 14 November 2013.
98. "Exclusivo: veja em 3D como será a cobertura da Arena Corinthians" (in Portuguese). 3 October 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
99. "Arena Corinthians instala último módulo metálico da cobertura Oeste" (in Portuguese). 29 May 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
100. ^ "Cobertura vai dar charme final à Arena Corinthians" (in Portuguese). 16 June 2013. Retrieved 10 September 2013.
101. "New Stadium on Track for 2014 World Cup Games". 20 November 2012. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
102. "VALLOUREC : VALLOUREC CONTRIBUE À LA RÉNOVATION DES PRINCIPAUX STADES DE FOOTBALL POUR LA COUPE DU MONDE DE LA FIFA, BRÉSIL 2014(TM)" (in French). 10 June 2013. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
103. ^ "Protótipo da cobertura da Arena Corinthians está 'escondido' no CT" (in Portuguese). 22 September 2012. Retrieved 3 July 2013.
104. "ARENA CORINTHIANS - ITAQUERA - SÃO PAULO" (in Portuguese). January 2012. Retrieved 11 July 2013.
105. "Na cara do gol" (in Portuguese). 29 May 2013. Retrieved 11 July 2013.
106. "Arena Corinthians se prepara para sediar abertura da Copa do Mundo 2014" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 August 2013.
107. "Acústica do Itaquerão duplicará som da torcida em relação a Pacaembu" (in Portuguese). 4 September 2013. Retrieved 4 September 2013.
108. ^ "Arena Corinthians terá iluminação 50% superior à exigida pela Fifa" (in Portuguese). 2 August 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
109. "Projetos" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 20 June 2013.
110. "Sueño hecho de hormigón, acero y polémica" (in Spanish). 19 January 2012. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
111. ^ "Veja novo vídeo do projeto em torno do Itaquerão" (in Portuguese). 1 November 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
112. "Corinthians tem proposta 'espetacular' para 3.500 telas de TV no Itaquerão" (in Portuguese). 12 February 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
113. "Corinthians apresenta iluminação moderna para seu estádio" (in Portuguese). 3 August 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
114. ^ "Football Stadiums: Technical recommendations and requirements - 5th Edition" (PDF). 2011. p. 66. Retrieved 23 June 2013. Cite error: The named reference "WorldDesso" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
115. "Corinthians customiza Itaquerão e integra história, rivalidade e superstição" (in Portuguese). 11 November 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
116. Braga, Marcelo (13 June 2013). "Gramado da Arena Corinthians terá tecnologia como de campo de golfe" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 20 June 2013.
117. ^ "Campo do Itaquerão terá instalação de grama sintética e resfriamento" (in Portuguese). 1 November 2013. Retrieved 1 November 2013.
118. "SEMENTES DE GRAMA" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 20 June 2013.
119. ^ "Corinthians investe em gramado do Itaquerão por campo perfeito na Copa" (in Portuguese). 14 July 2013. Retrieved 15 July 2013.
120. "Perennyal Ryegrass Blend Tech Sheet" (PDF) (in Portuguese). 30 January 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
121. ^ "Itaquerão vai inovar conceito de gramado para a Copa" (in Portuguese). 16 February 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
122. "Máquinas de sistema inédito de resfriamento do gramado chegam à Arena Corinthians" (in Portuguese). 31 October 2013. Retrieved 31 October 2013.
123. "World Sports apresenta novidade no sistema de drenagem a vácuo" (in Portuguese). 9 May 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
124. "CHAPTER 4 - RAINFALL AND EVAPOTRANSPIRATION". Retrieved 20 June 2013.
125. "World Sports segue inovando na Arena do Corinthians" (in Portuguese). 10 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
126. "2014 WORLD CUP BRAZIL: COMBA TELECOM TO SUPPLY A FURTHER FOUR STADIUMS WITH 2G/3G/4G LTE TURNKEY WIRELESS SOLUTIONS". 19 November 2013. Retrieved 21 November 2013.
127. ^ "O Itaquerão é Nuestro, Diz a Chilena Sonda" (in Portuguese). 2 May 2012. Retrieved 15 August 2013.
128. "Itaquerão ganha prêmio de arquitetura" (in Portuguese). 6 June 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
129. "Paulistano apoia Itaquerão mas não se importa com abertura, diz Datafolha" (in Portuguese). 19 August 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
130. "Corintianos visitam Itaquerão e reclamam de punição por morte de torcedor boliviano" (in Portuguese). 23 February 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
131. ^ "Obras das novas arenas de Corinthians e Palmeiras são acompanhadas diariamente por torcedores" (in Portuguese). 25 April 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013. Cite error: The named reference "oftenbarbecue" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
132. ^ "Bilheteria do Corinthians será suficiente para pagar manutenção de seu estádio" (in Portuguese). 8 August 2013. Retrieved 8 August 2013. Cite error: The named reference "expenseforecast" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
133. ^ "Metrô e trem vão dar conta de esvaziar Itaquerão em meia hora, diz Alckmin" (in Portuguese). 21 October 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
134. "'Expresso da Copa' leva 17 minutos do centro ao Itaquerão" (in Portuguese). 28 November 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
135. "Sao Paulo working on fan mobility solutions" (in Portuguese). 13 December 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
136. "Estacionamentos" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Retrieved 20 June 2013.
137. "Linhas de ônibus que passam perto da estação Corinthians - Itaquera" (in Portuguese). 20 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
138. "Recordes de renda fazem Corinthians rechaçar shows em Itaquera" (in Portuguese). 18 November 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
139. "Corinthians fecha nova arena para shows e restringe ingressos a sócio-torcedores" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 20 June 2013.
140. ^ "Poder político ajuda Itaquerão contra o Morumbi na Copa de 2014" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 December 2013.
141. "Overdue: Brazil chooses venue for World Cup opener". Retrieved 1 December 2013.
142. "'Financial Times' vê problema em estádio do Corinthians e na CBF" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 December 2013.
143. "Dinheiro público no Itaquerão chega a R$ 581 mi, mais que o custo de seis estádios da Copa" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 December 2013.
144. "Itaquerão é obra privada da Copa com maior volume de recursos públicos" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 December 2013.
145. "Isenção a Itaquerão deve levar Kassab à Justiça por falta de contrapartida social" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 December 2013.
146. "Peritos alemães analisam caixa preta do acidente na Arena Corinthians" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 December 2013.
147. "Houve alerta sobre guindaste do Itaquerão, diz sindicato" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 December 2013.
148. "Sindicato revela alerta de problema no guindaste antes de acidente na Arena" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 December 2013.
149. "Corinthians e Odebrecht negam alerta sobre problema em guindaste" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 December 2013.
150. "Construtora nega ter recebido alerta de sindicato sobre problema na obra" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 December 2013.
151. "Ministério do Trabalho embarga atividade com guindastes na Arena" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 December 2013.
152. "Laudo do MP já havia apontado 50 irregularidades na obra do Itaquerão" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 December 2013.
153. ^ "Projeto do Itaquerão está em situação irregular" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 December 2013. Cite error: The named reference "projectamendment" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).

External links

• Arena Corinthians official website
• Odebrecht Arena Corinthians official website
• Images tagged Arena Corinthians at Flickr
• "Arena Corinthians plans" on YouTube
• Arena Corinthians 3D Model Picture Gallery
• "Arena Corinthians 3D Model Video" on YouTube
• Illustrated article about Arena Corinthians

• Use dmy dates from June 2013
• Football venues in São Paulo (city)
• Football venues in Brazil
• Sport Club Corinthians Paulista
• Stadiums under construction
• 2014 FIFA World Cup stadiums
• Football venues in São Paulo (state)
• Buildings and structures under construction in Brazil
• Construction accidents