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| | name = Boring clam | | name = Boring clam | ||
| | image = Tridacna crocea 02 by Line1.jpg | | image = Tridacna crocea 02 by Line1.jpg | ||
| | image_caption = |
| image_caption = Boring clam with mantle extended | ||
| | status = |
| status = lc | ||
| | status_system = IUCN2.3 <ref name=iucn>{{IUCN2013.2 |assessors=Mollusc Specialist Group |year=1996 |version=2.3 |id=22135 |title=Tridacna crocea |downloaded=2014-04-09}}</ref> | |||
| | regnum = ] | | regnum = ] | ||
| | phylum = ] | | phylum = ] | ||
| | classis = ] | | classis = ] | ||
| | ordo = ] | | ordo = ] | ||
| | familia = ] | | familia = ] | ||
| | genus = '']'' | | genus = '']'' | ||
| | species = '''''T. crocea''''' | | species = '''''T. crocea''''' | ||
| | binomial = ''Tridacna crocea'' | | binomial = ''Tridacna crocea'' | ||
| | binomial_authority = ], 1819<ref name=WoRMS>{{cite WoRMS |author=Bouchet, P.; Rosenberg, G.; ter Poorten, J. |year=2013 |title=''Tridacna crocea'' Lamarck, 1819 |id=207673 |accessdate=2014-04-09 }}</ref> | |||
| | binomial_authority = Lamarck, 1819 | |||
| | synonyms = }} | | synonyms = }} | ||
| The '''boring clam''', '''crocus clam''', '''crocea clam,''' or '''saffron-coloured clam''' ('''''Tridacna crocea''''') is a species of ] in the ] family |
The '''boring clam''', '''crocus clam''', '''crocea clam,''' or '''saffron-coloured clam''' ('''''Tridacna crocea''''') is a species of ] in the ] ]. It is native to the Indo-Pacific region. It is occasionally found in the aquarium trade <ref name="Huelsken et al 2013" >Huelsken, T., Keyse, J., Liggins, L., Penny, S., Treml, E.A., Riginos, C. (2013) A Novel Widespread Cryptic Species and Phylogeographic Patterns within Several Giant Clam Species (Cardiidae: Tridacna) from the Indo-Pacific Ocean. ], .</ref> where it is often simply referred to as ''crocea''.<ref name=Fatherree>{{cite web |url=http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2007-10/jf/ |title=A Close-up Look at ''Tridacna crocea'' |author=Fatherree, James |work=Invertebrate corner |publisher=Reefkeeping Magazine |accessdate=2014-04-10}}</ref> | ||
| ==Description== | |||
| The boring clam is the smallest clam in its family and grows to a maximum shell size of {{convert|15|cm|0|abbr=on}}.<ref name=CITES>{{cite web |url=http://www.cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/com/ac/22/E22-10-2-A8c.pdf |title=''Tridacna crocea'' Lamarck, 1819 |work=AC22 Doc. 10.2: Annex 8c |publisher=CITES |accessdate=2014-04-09}}</ref> It has two, thick valves joined together by a hinge which is typically between a third and a half of the width of the shell. The general shape of each valve is roundish or a slightly-elongated oval, and the animal is strongly inflated, especially near the hinge. The upper valve has six to ten flattish folds which interlock at the margin with similar folds on the lower valve so that they can clamp together and the shell can be kept tightly shut. The lower valve has slits through which the ] threads emerge which secure the animal to the seabed. This clam burrows into the ] and this process tends to wear away the outer surface of the valves and smooth them off. They also may become distorted by burrowing into substrates of uneven hardness.<ref name=Fatherree/> | |||
| The colour of the valves is generally greyish-white and there may be a band of pinkish, yellow or orange colour near the margin, especially visible on the interior surface. The ], the soft body wall which covers the animal's internal organs, projects from between the valves when they are open and is brightly coloured. It can be various shades of blue, green, purple, gold, orange or brown, often patterned with spots, stripes or squiggles. It has many small protrusions on the exposed surface and a line of simple eyes near the margin. The ], through which water is drawn into the shell, is surrounded by many small ]s and the ] is often long and tubular.<ref name=Fatherree/> | |||
| ==Distribution and habitat== | |||
| The boring clam is native to the Indo-Pacific. Its range extends from ], ] and ] to ], the ], ], ], ], the ] and ]. At one time it was known from ] and the ] but it may now be ] in these locations.<ref name=iucn/> Its typical habitat is embedded in massive corals.<ref name=CITES/> | |||
| {{Commons|Tridacna crocea}} | {{Commons|Tridacna crocea}} | ||
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| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| {{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
| * Mollusc Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 7 August 2007. | |||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| {{Bivalve-stub}} | |||
Revision as of 10:06, 10 April 2014
| Boring clam | |
|---|---|
| |
| Boring clam with mantle extended | |
| Conservation status | |
| lc (IUCN2.3 ) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Bivalvia |
| Order: | Veneroida |
| Family: | Cardiidae |
| Genus: | Tridacna |
| Species: | T. crocea |
| Binomial name | |
| Tridacna crocea Lamarck, 1819 | |
The boring clam, crocus clam, crocea clam, or saffron-coloured clam (Tridacna crocea) is a species of bivalve in the family Cardiidae. It is native to the Indo-Pacific region. It is occasionally found in the aquarium trade where it is often simply referred to as crocea.
Description
The boring clam is the smallest clam in its family and grows to a maximum shell size of 15 cm (6 in). It has two, thick valves joined together by a hinge which is typically between a third and a half of the width of the shell. The general shape of each valve is roundish or a slightly-elongated oval, and the animal is strongly inflated, especially near the hinge. The upper valve has six to ten flattish folds which interlock at the margin with similar folds on the lower valve so that they can clamp together and the shell can be kept tightly shut. The lower valve has slits through which the byssal threads emerge which secure the animal to the seabed. This clam burrows into the substrate and this process tends to wear away the outer surface of the valves and smooth them off. They also may become distorted by burrowing into substrates of uneven hardness.
The colour of the valves is generally greyish-white and there may be a band of pinkish, yellow or orange colour near the margin, especially visible on the interior surface. The mantle, the soft body wall which covers the animal's internal organs, projects from between the valves when they are open and is brightly coloured. It can be various shades of blue, green, purple, gold, orange or brown, often patterned with spots, stripes or squiggles. It has many small protrusions on the exposed surface and a line of simple eyes near the margin. The inhalent siphon, through which water is drawn into the shell, is surrounded by many small tentacles and the exhalent siphon is often long and tubular.
Distribution and habitat
The boring clam is native to the Indo-Pacific. Its range extends from Malaysia, Vietnam and Japan to Indonesia, the Philippines, Palau, New Guinea, Australia, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. At one time it was known from Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands but it may now be locally extinct in these locations. Its typical habitat is embedded in massive corals.
References
- ^ Template:IUCN2013.2
- Bouchet, P.; Rosenberg, G.; ter Poorten, J. (2013). "Tridacna crocea Lamarck, 1819". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2014-04-09.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Huelsken, T., Keyse, J., Liggins, L., Penny, S., Treml, E.A., Riginos, C. (2013) A Novel Widespread Cryptic Species and Phylogeographic Patterns within Several Giant Clam Species (Cardiidae: Tridacna) from the Indo-Pacific Ocean. PLoS ONE, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080858.
- ^ Fatherree, James. "A Close-up Look at Tridacna crocea". Invertebrate corner. Reefkeeping Magazine. Retrieved 2014-04-10.
- ^ "Tridacna crocea Lamarck, 1819" (PDF). AC22 Doc. 10.2: Annex 8c. CITES. Retrieved 2014-04-09.