Misplaced Pages

American involvement in the 2011 Libyan Civil War: Difference between revisions

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Browse history interactively← Previous editNext edit →Content deleted Content addedVisualWikitext
Revision as of 19:42, 6 June 2014 editCkrads (talk | contribs)1 editNo edit summaryTag: Mobile edit← Previous edit Revision as of 16:15, 24 August 2014 edit undoAnomalocaris (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users, Pending changes reviewers88,129 editsm {{cite news}}; update URLs; including archive URL; {{dead link}}Next edit →
Line 3: Line 3:
'''] involvement in the ]''' has consisted of (initially) diplomatic initiatives and sanctions, followed by implementation of the UN-mandated no-fly zone, and then the development of diplomatic relations with the rebels as well as humanitarian aid, bombing missions to destroy Gaddafi's military capabilities, and diplomatic assistance to the rebels. '''] involvement in the ]''' has consisted of (initially) diplomatic initiatives and sanctions, followed by implementation of the UN-mandated no-fly zone, and then the development of diplomatic relations with the rebels as well as humanitarian aid, bombing missions to destroy Gaddafi's military capabilities, and diplomatic assistance to the rebels.


In March 2011, five ] bombers (three ]s and two ]s) dropped bombs on at least 100 targets in Libya.<ref>, Air Force magazine, July 2011</ref><ref>, Wired, July 13, 2011</ref> In March 2011, five ] bombers (three ]s and two ]s) dropped bombs on at least 100 targets in Libya.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.airforce-magazine.com/MagazineArchive/Pages/2011/July%202011/0711libya.aspx |title=Bombers Over Libya |work=Air Force Magazine |date=July 2011}}{{login required}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=David Axe |url=http://www.wired.com/2011/07/two-bombers-24-hours-100-libyan-targets-destroyed-ready/#more-51509 |title=Two Bombers, 24 Hours, 100 Libyan Targets Destroyed |work=Wired |date=July 13, 2011 |accessdate=24 August 2014}}</ref>


In June 2011, bombers thought to be from France killed nine civilians in Libya, including two toddlers.<ref>, June 19, 2011</ref> In June 2011, bombers thought to be from France killed nine civilians in Libya, including two toddlers.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/libya/8585248/Nato-admits-civilians-died-in-Tripoli-bombing-raid.html |title=Nato admits civilians died in Tripoli bombing raid |newspaper=The Telegraph |date=19 June 2011 |accessdate=24 August 2014}}</ref>


==Development of American relations with the ]== ==Development of American relations with the ]==
On 10 March 2011, ] ] met anti-Gaddafi opposition leaders during a trip to Egypt and Tunisia.<ref>, ], 10 March 2010</ref> After the meeting between Clinton and representatives of the council, the ] and the U.S have decided to talk to the council without officially recognising them, in order to seek further information on the group and its goals.<ref name="google.com">Roland Lloyd Parry, , ], 15 March 2011</ref> On 17 March, ahead of a U.N vote on a no-fly zone, ] ] affirmed U.S support for a no-fly zone, as well as more aggressive measures to restrain Gaddhafi, that the U.S is investigating transferring Gaddafi's frozen assets to the rebels, and that the NTC may open an embassy in ].<ref name=HaaretzembassyinWashington>, ], 17 March 2011</ref> On 29 March, the U.S. confirmed at a conference in London that it will send a formal representative to Benghazi.<ref name="USofficeinBenghazi">{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-03/30/c_13803975.htm|work=Xinhua|title=Libya's rebels say US appoints Benghazi envoy|author=Mu Xuequan|date=29 March 2011|accessdate=17 June 2011}}</ref> In late April, Ambassador ] said the U.S. was continuing to consider formal recognition of the council, but in the meantime, it is providing strong informal support, including reportedly authorizing international oil deals with rebel-held eastern Libya.<ref>{{cite news|date=29 April 2011|accessdate=30 April 2011|url=http://www.menafn.com/qn_news_story_s.asp?storyid=1093410241|title=US allows oil deals with Libya's TNC|agency=MENAFN}}</ref><ref name=USformalambass1>{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/04/27/us.libya.opposition/|agency=CNN|date=27 April 2011|accessdate=30 April 2011|first=Jill|last=Dougherty|title=U.S. still not ready to recognize Libyan opposition}}</ref> On 13 May 2011, US National Security Adviser ] said his government recognized the National Transitional Council as "a legitimate and credible interlocutor of the Libyan people" after meeting with Prime Minister ].<ref name=USinterlocutor>{{cite news|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-05/14/c_13874645.htm|agency=Xinhua|date=13 May 2011|accessdate=10 June 2011|title=U.S. views Libyan opposition as legitimate interlocutor}}</ref> ] Press Secretary ] said that the U.S. had not yet decided to fully recognize the council as Libya's sole legitimate representative body. On 24 May, the NTC opened a formal diplomatic office in ] (the U.S. had already had an office in Benghazi with a formal envoy for nearly two months).<ref name="USofficeinBenghazi"/><ref name="NTCembassyinWashington">{{cite news|url=http://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/us-invites-libyan-rebels-open-office-dc|title=US invites Libyan rebels to open office in DC|date=24 May 2011|author=Diaa Hadid, Michelle Faul|work=CNS News|accessdate=17 June 2011}}</ref> On 9 June, Clinton said, "The United States views the Transitional National Council as the legitimate interlocutor for the Libyan people during this interim period," but Washington and Benghazi indicated that the U.S. still had not committed to the same level of formal recognition as France and several other countries.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://thecable.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/06/09/clinton_edges_toward_recognition_of_libyan_rebels|agency=Foreign Policy Magazine|date=9 June 2011|accessdate=22 June 2011|title=Clinton edges toward recognition of Libyan rebels|first=David|last=Kenner}}</ref> On 15 July, at an international conference on Libya held in Turkey, Clinton stated that the US had decided to formally recognise the TNC as the country's "legitimate authority", allowing the US to divert over $30 billion worth of Gaddafi regime funds frozen in the US to the TNC.<ref>{{cite web|last=Lee|first=Matthew|title=US recognizes Libyan rebels as Libyan government|url=http://news.yahoo.com/us-recognizes-libyan-rebels-libyan-government-124658625.html?|publisher=Associated Press|accessdate=15 July 2011}}</ref> On 10 March 2011, ] ] met anti-Gaddafi opposition leaders during a trip to Egypt and Tunisia.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/world/clinton-to-meet-anti-gadhafi-opposition-as-world-weighs-libya-options-1.348385 |title=Clinton to meet anti-Gaddafi opposition as world weighs Libya options |newspaper=] |date=10 March 2011 |accessdate=Augusgt 24, 2014}}</ref> After the meeting between Clinton and representatives of the council, the ] and the U.S have decided to talk to the council without officially recognising them, in order to seek further information on the group and its goals.<ref name="google.com">Roland Lloyd Parry, , ], 15 March 2011{{dead link|date=August 2014}}</ref> On 17 March, ahead of a U.N vote on a no-fly zone, ] ] affirmed U.S support for a no-fly zone, as well as more aggressive measures to restrain Gaddhafi, that the U.S is investigating transferring Gaddafi's frozen assets to the rebels, and that the NTC may open an embassy in ].<ref name=HaaretzembassyinWashington>{{cite news |url=http://www.haaretz.co.il/hasite/spages/1220891.html |title=ארה"ב מבקשת מהאו"ם לאשר תקיפות אוויריות וירי ארטילרי בלוב] |language=he |trans_title=U.S. asks UN to authorize air strikes and artillery fire in Libya |newspaper=] |date=17 March 2011 |archivedate=20 March 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110320175509/http://www.haaretz.co.il/hasite/spages/1220891.html}}</ref> On 29 March, the U.S. confirmed at a conference in London that it will send a formal representative to Benghazi.<ref name="USofficeinBenghazi">{{cite news |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-03/30/c_13803975.htm |publisher=Xinhua |title=Libya's rebels say US appoints Benghazi envoy |author=Mu Xuequan |date=29 March 2011 |accessdate=17 June 2011}}</ref> In late April, Ambassador ] said the U.S. was continuing to consider formal recognition of the council, but in the meantime, it is providing strong informal support, including reportedly authorizing international oil deals with rebel-held eastern Libya.<ref>{{cite news|date=29 April 2011|accessdate=30 April 2011|url=http://www.menafn.com/qn_news_story_s.asp?storyid=1093410241|title=US allows oil deals with Libya's TNC|agency=MENAFN}}{{dead link|date=August 2014}}</ref><ref name=USformalambass1>{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/04/27/us.libya.opposition/ |publisher=CNN |date=27 April 2011|accessdate=30 April 2011|first=Jill|last=Dougherty|title=U.S. still not ready to recognize Libyan opposition}}</ref> On 13 May 2011, US National Security Adviser ] said his government recognized the National Transitional Council as "a legitimate and credible interlocutor of the Libyan people" after meeting with Prime Minister ].<ref name=USinterlocutor>{{cite news |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-05/14/c_13874645.htm |publisher=Xinhua |date=13 May 2011 |accessdate=10 June 2011 |title=U.S. views Libyan opposition as legitimate interlocutor}}</ref> ] Press Secretary ] said that the U.S. had not yet decided to fully recognize the council as Libya's sole legitimate representative body. On 24 May, the NTC opened a formal diplomatic office in ] (the U.S. had already had an office in Benghazi with a formal envoy for nearly two months).<ref name="USofficeinBenghazi"/><ref name="NTCembassyinWashington">{{cite news |url=http://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/us-invites-libyan-rebels-open-office-dc|title=US invites Libyan rebels to open office in DC |date=24 May 2011 |author=Diaa Hadid |author2=Michelle Faul |publisher=CNS News |agency=Associated Press |accessdate=17 June 2011}}</ref> On 9 June, Clinton said, "The United States views the Transitional National Council as the legitimate interlocutor for the Libyan people during this interim period," but Washington and Benghazi indicated that the U.S. still had not committed to the same level of formal recognition as France and several other countries.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://thecable.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/06/09/clinton_edges_toward_recognition_of_libyan_rebels |publisher=Foreign Policy |date=9 June 2011 |accessdate=22 June 2011 |title=Clinton edges toward recognition of Libyan rebels |first=David |last=Kenner}}</ref> On 15 July, at an international conference on Libya held in Turkey, Clinton stated that the US had decided to formally recognise the TNC as the country's "legitimate authority", allowing the US to divert over $30 billion worth of Gaddafi regime funds frozen in the US to the TNC.<ref>{{cite news |last=Lee |first=Matthew |title=US recognizes Libyan rebels as Libyan government |url=http://news.yahoo.com/us-recognizes-libyan-rebels-libyan-government-124658625.html? |agency=Associated Press |publisher=Yahoo News |accessdate=15 July 2011}}</ref>


==References== ==References==

Revision as of 16:15, 24 August 2014

This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. (July 2011)

United States involvement in the Libyan civil war has consisted of (initially) diplomatic initiatives and sanctions, followed by implementation of the UN-mandated no-fly zone, and then the development of diplomatic relations with the rebels as well as humanitarian aid, bombing missions to destroy Gaddafi's military capabilities, and diplomatic assistance to the rebels.

In March 2011, five United States Air Force bombers (three B-2s and two B-1Bs) dropped bombs on at least 100 targets in Libya.

In June 2011, bombers thought to be from France killed nine civilians in Libya, including two toddlers.

Development of American relations with the National Transitional Council

On 10 March 2011, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton met anti-Gaddafi opposition leaders during a trip to Egypt and Tunisia. After the meeting between Clinton and representatives of the council, the European Union and the U.S have decided to talk to the council without officially recognising them, in order to seek further information on the group and its goals. On 17 March, ahead of a U.N vote on a no-fly zone, Under Secretary of State William Burns affirmed U.S support for a no-fly zone, as well as more aggressive measures to restrain Gaddhafi, that the U.S is investigating transferring Gaddafi's frozen assets to the rebels, and that the NTC may open an embassy in Washington. On 29 March, the U.S. confirmed at a conference in London that it will send a formal representative to Benghazi. In late April, Ambassador Gene Cretz said the U.S. was continuing to consider formal recognition of the council, but in the meantime, it is providing strong informal support, including reportedly authorizing international oil deals with rebel-held eastern Libya. On 13 May 2011, US National Security Adviser Tom Donilon said his government recognized the National Transitional Council as "a legitimate and credible interlocutor of the Libyan people" after meeting with Prime Minister Mahmoud Jebril. White House Press Secretary Jay Carney said that the U.S. had not yet decided to fully recognize the council as Libya's sole legitimate representative body. On 24 May, the NTC opened a formal diplomatic office in Washington, D.C. (the U.S. had already had an office in Benghazi with a formal envoy for nearly two months). On 9 June, Clinton said, "The United States views the Transitional National Council as the legitimate interlocutor for the Libyan people during this interim period," but Washington and Benghazi indicated that the U.S. still had not committed to the same level of formal recognition as France and several other countries. On 15 July, at an international conference on Libya held in Turkey, Clinton stated that the US had decided to formally recognise the TNC as the country's "legitimate authority", allowing the US to divert over $30 billion worth of Gaddafi regime funds frozen in the US to the TNC.

References

  1. "Bombers Over Libya". Air Force Magazine. July 2011.Template:Login required
  2. David Axe (July 13, 2011). "Two Bombers, 24 Hours, 100 Libyan Targets Destroyed". Wired. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
  3. "Nato admits civilians died in Tripoli bombing raid". The Telegraph. 19 June 2011. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
  4. "Clinton to meet anti-Gaddafi opposition as world weighs Libya options". Haaretz. 10 March 2011. Retrieved Augusgt 24, 2014. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  5. Roland Lloyd Parry, G8 shies away from Libya no-fly plan, AFP, 15 March 2011
  6. "ארה"ב מבקשת מהאו"ם לאשר תקיפות אוויריות וירי ארטילרי בלוב]". Haaretz (in Hebrew). 17 March 2011. Archived from the original on 20 March 2011. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ Mu Xuequan (29 March 2011). "Libya's rebels say US appoints Benghazi envoy". Xinhua. Retrieved 17 June 2011.
  8. "US allows oil deals with Libya's TNC". MENAFN. 29 April 2011. Retrieved 30 April 2011.
  9. Dougherty, Jill (27 April 2011). "U.S. still not ready to recognize Libyan opposition". CNN. Retrieved 30 April 2011.
  10. "U.S. views Libyan opposition as legitimate interlocutor". Xinhua. 13 May 2011. Retrieved 10 June 2011.
  11. Diaa Hadid; Michelle Faul (24 May 2011). "US invites Libyan rebels to open office in DC". CNS News. Associated Press. Retrieved 17 June 2011.
  12. Kenner, David (9 June 2011). "Clinton edges toward recognition of Libyan rebels". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 22 June 2011.
  13. Lee, Matthew. "US recognizes Libyan rebels as Libyan government". Yahoo News. Associated Press. Retrieved 15 July 2011.
Categories: