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| One of the major issues related to healthcare is the relatively high number of ] that occur. Errors with medication can occur in the doctor's office, at the pharmacy, in hospitals and even due to the patient. Wrong medication (medication errors, errors in medication) include: | |||
| *Administration of wrong medication. | |||
| *Administration of medication that interacts in wrong way with another medication or patient's condition. | |||
| *Wrong administration of medication. | |||
| *Wrong time administration. | |||
| *Wrong timing administration. | |||
| *Administration of medication to wrong person. | |||
| *Administration of wrong dose. | |||
| *Missed dose. | |||
| ==Consequences of medication errors== | |||
| Medical errors may causes serious injury and illness. While many drug errors don't injure patients, others are lethal. The most notorious of these, cited in the Institute of Medicine report<ref>To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System, 2000, Institute of Medicine</ref>, is the massive chemotherapy overdose that killed Boston Globe health reporter Betsy Lehman, 39, in 1994 and gravely injured another woman | |||
| The same IOM report gives detailed information about deaths and adverse events caused by errors in medication. | |||
| The report also estimates that in 1993 resulted 7,391 deaths from medication errors. The same report cites one study finding that about 2% of medical admissions in hospitals experienced a preventable adverse drug event, although the majority are not fatal. Error in medication was considered guilty of death for 1 in 131 outpatient administration and 1 in 854 inpatient administration. | |||
| A recent report of same organization (July 2006) concludes that at least 1.5 million Americans are sickened, injured or killed each year by errors in prescribing, dispensing and taking medications. | |||
| ==Causes of wrong medication== | |||
| The leading cause of errors in medication is neglijence in prescribtion or administration of medication. On the other hand, the IOM report and other<ref>Make No Mistake: Medical Errors Can Be Deadly Serious</ref> cite following factors as causal in medication errrors: | |||
| * incorrect dosage administration, especially in children and infants that require the need to adjust dosages based on weight and age. | |||
| * name confusion is among the most common causes of drug-related errors, generated by the sound-alike names such as Lamisil and Lamictal. The explosion in the number of drugs on the market - there are now more than 10,000 - has increased the chances of this kind of error. | |||
| * unknown allergy to same medication class. | |||
| * atypical or unusual and critical dosage frequency considerations. | |||
| * failure to calculate the correct dosage. | |||
| * using of wrong name or abbreviation. | |||
| As a general observation the more drugs a patient is taking and the more people involved in the delivery of a medicine, the greater the chance of a mistake. | |||
| ==Books== | |||
| * Lazarou J, Pomeranz BH, "Corey PN. Incidence of adverse drug reactions in hospitalized patients: a meta-analysis of prospective studies", JAMA 1998 Apr 15;279(15):1200-5 | |||
| * Eileen G. Holland, PHARM.D., and Frank V. Degruy, M.D. "Drug-Induced Disorders", Volume 15, No. 7, November 1, 1997, | |||
| ==References== | |||
| <references/> | |||
| ==External links== | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
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