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| {{italic title}} | |||
| {{Taxobox | |||
| | name = ''Cichla'' | |||
| | image = Peacock_bass.jpg | |||
| | image_caption = Juvenile ''C. orinocensis'' | |||
| | regnum = ]ia | |||
| | phylum = ] | |||
| | classis = ] | |||
| | ordo = ] | |||
| | familia = ] | |||
| | subfamilia = ] | |||
| | genus = '''''Cichla''''' | |||
| | genus_authority = ] & ], 1801 | |||
| | type_species = ''Cichla ocellaris'' | |||
| | type_species_authority = Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | |||
| }} | |||
| {{R from scientific name|fish}} | |||
| '''''Cichla''''' is a ] of ] native to freshwater habitats in tropical South America, but a few species have been ] to regions outside their native range. The genus includes several species valued as game fish, collectively known as ], and is also of interest to cichlid-keeping aquarists. ''Cichla'' species are amongst the largest cichlids, with one species, ''C. temensis'', growing to about {{convert|1|m|abbr=on}}.<ref name=FishBase/> | |||
| {{R with history}} | |||
| ==Species== | |||
| Currently, 15 recognized species are in this genus:<ref name=FishBase>{{FishBase genus | genus = Cichla| month = February | year = 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Kullander|first=Sven|author2=Efrem Ferreira|title=A review of the South American cichlid genus Cichla, with descriptions of nine new species (Teleostei: Cichlidae)|journal=Ichthyological Explorations of Freshwaters|date=2006|volume=17|issue=4|url=http://www.pfeil-verlag.de/04biol/pdf/ief17_4_01.pdf}}</ref> | |||
| * '']'' <small>], 1971</small> | |||
| * '']'' <small>] & ], 2006</small> | |||
| * '']'' <small>S. O. Kullander & E. J. G. Ferreira, 2006</small> | |||
| * '']'' <small>S. O. Kullander & E. J. G. Ferreira, 2006</small> | |||
| * '']'' <small<small>S. O. Kullander & E. J. G. Ferreira, 2006</small> | |||
| * '']'' <small>], 1831</small> | |||
| * '']'' <small>] & ], 1843</small> | |||
| * '']'' <small>] & ], 1801</small> (peacock cichlid) | |||
| * '']'' <small>], 1821</small> | |||
| * '']'' <small<small>S. O. Kullander & E. J. G. Ferreira, 2006</small> | |||
| * '']'' <small<small>S. O. Kullander & E. J. G. Ferreira, 2006</small> | |||
| * '']'' <small>] & ], 2006</small> | |||
| * '']'' <small>Humboldt, 1821</small> (speckled pavon) | |||
| * '']'' <small<small>S. O. Kullander & E. J. G. Ferreira, 2006</small> | |||
| * '']'' <small<small>S. O. Kullander & E. J. G. Ferreira, 2006</small> | |||
| Extensive molecular data have cast doubt on these designations, however.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Willis|first=Stuart|author2=Izeni Farias |author3=Guillermo Orti |title=Simultaneous delimitation of species and quantification of interspecific hybridization in Amazonian peacock cichlids (genus Cichla) using multi-locus data|journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology|date=2012|volume=12|issue=96|url=http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/12/96|doi=10.1186/1471-2148-12-96|pmid=22727018|pmc=3563476}}</ref> Aside from limited hybridization among many species, in both natural and human-altered environments, several species do not show sufficient differentiation to imply reproductive isolation and/or a history of independent evolution. Among the species implicated as probable "good" species were ''C. intermedia'', ''C. orinocensis'', ''C. temensis'', ''C. melaniae'', ''C. mirianae'', and ''C. piquiti''. The other species were suggested to be part of two widespread metaspecies or species complexes, called ''C. pinima sensu lato'' (including ''C. jariina'', ''C. thyrorus'', and ''C. vazzoleri'') and ''C. ocellaris sensu lato'' (including ''C. monoculus'', ''C. nigromaculata'', ''C. pleiozona'', and ''C. kelberi''). | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{reflist}} | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| {{-}} | |||
| {{Cichlidae-stub}} | |||
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