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Christchurch mosque shootings
Part of Terrorism in New Zealand
The Al Noor Mosque in 2006
Locations of the Al Noor Mosque (left) and the Linwood Islamic Centre
Location	Christchurch, New Zealand
Coordinates	43°31′58″S 172°36′42″E / 43.5329°S 172.6118°E / -43.5329; 172.6118 (Al Noor Mosque) 43°31′57″S 172°40′21″E / 43.53239°S 172.67255°E / -43.53239; 172.67255 (Linwood Islamic Centre)
Date	15 March 2019 (2019-03-15) 1:40 pm (NZDT; UTC+13)
Target	Muslims
Attack type	Mass shooting, terrorist attack
Weapons	Two semi-automatic rifles, two shotguns, one lever-action rifle, undetonated car bombs
Deaths	50 42 at the Al Noor Mosque 7 at the Linwood Islamic Centre 1 later at Christchurch Hospital
Injured	50
Motive	Far-right extremism Islamophobia White supremacy Eco-fascism

The Christchurch mosque shootings were two consecutive terrorist mass shootings at Muslim mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand, during Friday Prayer on 15 March 2019. The attacks began at the Al Noor Mosque in the suburb of Riccarton at 1:40 pm, and continued at the Linwood Islamic Centre at about 1:55 pm.

The attacks killed 50 people and injured 50 more. A 28-year-old Australian man, described in media reports as a white supremacist and part of the "alt-right", was arrested and charged with murder. The attacks have been linked to an increase in white supremacism and alt-right extremism globally observed since the mid-2010s.

Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern referred to the attacks as "one of New Zealand's darkest days". Politicians and world leaders condemned the attacks,. It is the deadliest mass shooting in modern New Zealand history.

Background

New Zealand has often been considered a safe country, and has a relatively low level of homicide. This is the first mass shooting since the Raurimu massacre, in 1997. In 2019, New Zealand was ranked by the Global Peace Index as the second-safest country in the world, behind Iceland. Police statistics on homicides between 2007 and 2016 show an average of 40 to 50 murders per year in New Zealand, equating to 10 to 12 murders per million population per year. Only around 1 in 10 homicides in New Zealand involve the use of a firearm.

Prior to the mosque shootings, the deadliest act of violence in New Zealand was a riot in which 49 people were killed at the Featherston prisoner of war camp in 1943. The deadliest mass shooting was the 1990 Aramoana massacre, in which 13 people died.

Islamophobia has increased worldwide, especially following the September 11 attacks and the rise of ISIS. This has led to the passing of anti-Muslim policies in many countries and fueled an anti-immigration agenda for many white populations. In New Zealand spying legislation was brought in that some saw as targeting the Muslim community. Experts have suggested that far right extremism has been growing in New Zealand, a country rarely associated with the extreme right. Christchurch itself has been labelled a "hot bed for white supremacists", a claim rejected by Christchurch MP Gerry Brownlee. Australia, where the alleged gunman was from, has also seen a recent increase in xenophobia, racism and Islamophobia.

Islam is practised by over 46,000 New Zealanders (1.2 percent of the population). The first Muslims in Christchurch arrived in 1874. The Al Noor Mosque opened in 1985, and was the first in the South Island. The Linwood Islamic Centre opened in early 2018.

Attacks

Al Noor Mosque, Riccarton

The gunman began shooting worshippers at the Al Noor Mosque on Deans Avenue, Riccarton, at around 1:40 pm. Police received the first emergency call at 1:41 pm. Between three hundred and five hundred people may have been inside the mosque attending Friday Prayer at the time of the shooting. A neighbour of the mosque told reporters that he saw the gunman flee and drop what appeared to be a firearm in the driveway. The witness said the gunman appeared to be wearing military-style clothing.

The gunman live-streamed the first 17 minutes of the attack on Facebook Live, starting with the drive to the mosque and ending with the drive away. Moments before the shooting, the gunman played a traditional marching song of the British military called "The British Grenadiers", "Gas Gas Gas", a song by Italian musician Manuel Karamori used in the anime adaptation of the manga series Initial D, and "Serbia Strong", a Serb nationalist song from the Bosnian War (1992–1995) celebrating Radovan Karadžić, who was found guilty of genocide against Bosnian Muslims. Just before the shooting, the gunman appeared to be greeted by one of the worshippers, who said "Hello, brother" and who was amongst the first people to be killed.

The gunman spent several minutes inside the mosque, shooting attendees indiscriminately. He killed three people near the entrance, and many others inside a larger room. During the attack, a worshipper, Mian Naeem Rashid, charged at the gunman but was shot, and later died in hospital. The gunman approached wounded victims, firing at them multiple times. He then left the mosque and fired on people outside. He went on to retrieve another weapon from his vehicle before returning to the mosque to murder more victims, many of whom were already wounded and unable to escape. The gunman then exited the mosque for a second time and killed a woman near the footpath as she pleaded for help. He left the scene shortly thereafter in his car, to the music of "Fire" by The Crazy World of Arthur Brown, where the singer proclaims: "I am the god of hellfire!" He spent about six minutes at the Al Noor Mosque. The gunman shot other civilians in the area and drove away at high speed, heading in the direction of the Linwood Islamic Centre.

Linwood Islamic Centre

A second series of shootings commenced at about 1:55 pm at the Linwood Islamic Centre, a mosque 5 kilometres (3 mi) east of the Al Noor Mosque. Seven people were killed. According to a survivor of this series of shootings, the gunman initially did not find the door to the mosque and shot people outside and through a window, which alerted those inside.

The mosque's acting imam credited a worshipper named Abdul Aziz Wahabzadah with stopping the attack. Wahabzadah told media that he had taken a credit-card reader and ran at the gunman hoping to distract him from attacking people in the mosque. When the gunman retreated, Wahabzadah threw the credit card reader at him. The gunman took a firearm from his car and fired at Wahabzadah, who took cover among nearby cars and retrieved an empty shotgun the gunman had dropped. The gunman continued firing at the mosque. When the gunman returned to his car again, Wahabzadah threw the shotgun and shattered a car window or the windscreen. The gunman then drove away.

Arrest of main suspect

Early reports indicated "a multiple, simultaneous attack", but later only a single suspect was implicated. He was arrested 21 minutes after the first emergency call, on Brougham Street (SH 76) in Sydenham. Mobile phone footage showed his car had been rammed against the kerb by a police car before his arrest at gunpoint. Prime Minister Ardern said the suspect had been planning to continue the attack at a third location, possibly the mosque in Ashburton or the An-Nur Child Care Centre in Hornby; Police Commissioner Mike Bush corroborated this, stating that the police had stopped the suspect on his way to a third location.

Victims

The attack killed 50 people: 42 at the Al Noor Mosque, seven at the Linwood Islamic Centre, and one who died in Christchurch Hospital. The ages of those killed ranged from 2 to 71. In his update of 17 March 2019, Commissioner Bush stated that 50 additional people had been injured. 36 of those were being treated for gunshot wounds at Christchurch Hospital, two of whom were in a serious condition, with one child at Starship children's hospital in Auckland. National futsal player and IT entrepreneur Atta Elayyan was among those killed. Because of the number of victims, the Christchurch police had been slow in affirming the identification of the victims; as of 20 March 2019, only about 30 of the 50 victims were positively identified and their bodies released to their families.

In the day following the attacks, dozens of people remained missing and several diplomatic offices and foreign ministries released statements concerning the number of victims from their nations. The police requested missing people, or those listed as missing, to register themselves online as safe on the Restoring Family Links website, managed by the International Committee of the Red Cross. A list of missing people has been published by New Zealand Red Cross, and includes nationals of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Jordan, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia.

Suspect

Brenton Harrison Tarrant, a 28-year-old Australian, is accused of carrying out the attack. At the time of the attack, Tarrant's place of residence was Andersons Bay, Dunedin. He was a member of a South Otago gun club and practised shooting at its range. He had worked as a personal trainer in Grafton, New South Wales, from 2009 to 2011. Around 2012, he started visiting many countries in Asia and Europe. Police in Bulgaria and Turkey are investigating his visits to their nations. He became obsessed with terrorist attacks committed by Islamic extremists in 2016 and 2017, started planning an attack about two years prior to the shootings, and chose his targets three months in advance.

Security officials suspect that Tarrant had come into contact with far-right organisations about two years before the shooting, while visiting European nations. "Entranced" with sites of battle between Christians and the Ottoman Empire, he went on another series of visits to the Balkans in 2016–2018, with Croatia, Bulgaria, Hungary, Turkey and Bosnia confirming his presence there in these years. On social media, he posted a slew of Balkan nationalist material, and remarked that he hoped the ability of the US to "project power globally" would diminish so that events such as the NATO intervention in Kosovo in response to a Serbian ethnic-cleansing campaign against Kosovar Albanians in which, in the shooter's interpretation, "Christian Europeans" were "attempting to remove these Islamic occupiers from Europe".

Weapons

According to Commisioner Bush, the gunman held a "Category A" gun licence. Police recovered five guns at the scene: two semi-automatic weapons, two shotguns and a lever-action firearm. According to a city gun store, the gunman bought them online. The guns and magazines used were covered in white writing that named historical events, people, and motifs related to historical conflicts, wars, and battles between Muslims and European Christians as well as the names of recent Islamic terrorist attack victims and the names of far-right attackers like Josué Estébanez and Luca Traini.

The police also found two improvised explosive devices attached to a car, which were defused by the New Zealand Defence Force. No explosives were found on the gunman.

Manifesto

Part of a series on
Islamophobia
Issues Airport profiling United States Conspiracy theories Counter-jihad Eurabia Great Replacement Halal-related Love jihad Hijabophobia Netherlands France Karnataka, India Media minority Muslim Muslim immigration bans Orientalism Persecution Quran desecration
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ExamplesAttacks on mosques: Al-Hidaya Al-Nurayn Bærum Babri Masjid Banya Bashi Bayonne Beit Lahia Bloomington Christchurch Corsica Escondido Gondar Hyderabad Ibrahim Kattankudy Kosovo Manili Malegaon Malmö 2009–10 Palimbang Quebec City Sweden (2014) Zürich Planned attacks California (2001) Singapore Genocide: Bosnian Ethnic cleansing Srebrenica Chechen and Ingush / Crimean Tatars Circassian Pacification of Algeria Palestinian genocide allegation Rohingya Massacres, torture, expulsion: Abu Ghraib (2000s) Albanians (1912–13) Assam (2014) Ayyadieh (1191) Baghdad (1258) Big Excursion (1989) Bossemptélé (2014) Bukovica (1943) Beirut (1975) Boyo (2021) Cave of the Patriarchs (1994) Granada (1482–92) Gujarat (2002) Guangzhou (878–79) Harmanli (1878) İşkodra and Niş (1877–78) Japan (1937–45) Jerusalem (1099) Karantina (1976) Kulen Vakuf (1941) Kafr Qasim (1956) Lasithi (1897) Mecca (600s) Moriscos (1609) Myanmar (2015) Nellie (1983) Northern Sri Lanka (1990) Norway (2011) Paris (1961) Sri Lanka (2018) Sabra and Shatila (1982) Šahovići (1924) Sétif and Guelma (1945) Shadian (1975) Sohmor (1984) Spain (1500–26) Walisongo (2000) Other incidents: Almondbury bullying incident Bendigo mosque protests Bulli Bai case / Sulli Deals CAA, 2019 Cronulla 2005 Erklärung 2018 Flying imams incident Jerry Klein Haridwar hate speeches Hindutva pop Holy Terror Innocence of Muslims Jyllands-Posten cartoons Kathua rape case Muslim Massacre (video game) Quran desecrations 2005 2010 2011 2019–23 Serbia Strong Persecution of Uyghurs in China Xinjiang internment camps Swiss minaret ban Trojan Horse affair
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Tarrant allegedly recorded his beliefs in a 73-page manifesto titled "The Great Replacement", a reference to the Great Replacement and white genocide conspiracy theories. It said the attack was planned two years earlier and the Christchurch location was chosen three months earlier. Nine minutes before the attacks, the manifesto was emailed to over 30 recipients, including the Prime Minister's office and several media outlets. Links to the manifesto were also shared on Twitter and 8chan immediately before the attack.

Tarrant expressed several anti-immigrant sentiments in his manifesto, including hate speech against migrants, white supremacist rhetoric, and calls for all non-European immigrants in Europe who he claims are "invading his land" to be removed. The author also describes himself as an ethno-nationalist. In the manifesto, the author names dozens of people from around the world, ranging from politicians whose ideas he supports to terrorists and murderers whose actions he applauds. In particular he cites Norwegian terrorist Anders Behring Breivik as an inspiration and claims to have been in "brief contact" with Breivik. He also calls for the assassination of several politicians he disagrees with. The manifesto displays neo-Nazi symbols like the Black Sun and the Odin's cross. However, the author denies being a Nazi, and professes instead to be an "eco-fascist" and a "kebab removalist", in reference to a meme exalting the genocide of Bosnian Muslims by the ethnic Serb Republika Srpska Army. His document said he targeted Muslims as a form of "revenge against Islam for 1,300 years of war and devastation that it has brought upon the people of the West and other peoples of the world".

Some journalists who analyzed the manifesto and the attacker's actions believed that aspects of the manifesto were a front, and that it was designed to troll and create discourse about certain groups and people. It was suggested that memes within the manifesto (such as the Navy Seal copypasta, which lists accomplishments such as having "over 300 confirmed kills") could be misinterpreted by the media. Some journalists concluded that the manifesto mentioned prominent people who have drawn ideological criticism, to attract media coverage and partially blame them for the attack.

Criminal case

Tarrant appeared in the Christchurch District Court on Saturday 16 March, where he was charged with murder and remanded in custody. During his court appearance, he smiled at the media and made an inverted "OK" gesture. The case was transferred to the High Court, with his next appearance scheduled for 5 April 2019. Tarrant was initially represented by a duty lawyer, but after his first appearance he elected to conduct his own defence and dismissed the lawyer.

Aftermath

Emergency-services response

Commissioner Bush said that police were at the first scene within minutes of the incident being reported at 1:42 pm. In response to criticism that police were too slow to react to the attacks, they defended the 21 minutes it took them to arrest the prime suspect. District Commander John Price said, "That is an incredibly fast response time. You had a mobile offender across a large metropolitan city."

St. John Ambulance sent 20 ambulances and other vehicles to the mosques. Most of the wounded were taken to Christchurch Hospital. Forty-eight people with gunshot wounds, including young children, were treated at the hospital, with some taken to other hospitals within Christchurch and nationally. Canterbury District Health Board activated its mass casualty plan. Paramedics describe a 'river of blood' coming out of the mosque and having to step over bodies to collect the wounded.

Police advised all mosques in the country to close until further notice and sent officers to secure various sites in Christchurch. All Air New Zealand Link services departing Christchurch Airport were cancelled as a precaution, due to the absence of security screening at the regional terminal. Security was increased at Parliament in Wellington, including the cancellation of public tours. In Dunedin, the Armed Offenders Squad searched a house and cordoned off part of the surrounding street in Andersons Bay after the shooter indicated on social media that he had originally planned to target the city's Al Huda Mosque.

Other arrests

On the day of the attacks, police arrested four people. Two days later, Police Commissioner Mike Bush said three arrested people did not appear to be involved. Police arrested a woman and a man after finding a firearm in a vehicle in which they were travelling together. The woman was released uncharged, but the man was held in custody, and was charged with a firearms offence. An 18-year-old man was arrested and charged with inciting racial disharmony under the Human Rights Act, and was due to appear in court on 18 March.

Additionally, a 30-year-old man claimed he was arrested when he arrived at Papanui High School to pick up his 13-year-old brother-in-law. He was wearing camouflage clothing, which he said he habitually wore. He also said police gave him a verbal warning for disorderly behaviour.

Governmental response

A meeting of the Officials Committee for Domestic and External Security Co-ordination was convened to coordinate the government response. Prime Minister Ardern, who had just left a school climate-strike rally in New Plymouth, returned with Minister for Security and Intelligence Andrew Little to her hotel to give a press statement. Ardern cancelled all public engagements scheduled for that day, including opening the WOMAD festival. She then boarded a Royal New Zealand Air Force plane to fly to Wellington to join official meetings taking place at the Beehive. Minister for Security and Intelligence Andrew Little remained in New Plymouth and opened the WOMAD festival alongside Member of Parliament Kiri Allan. Notably, while in New Plymouth directly after the attack, Andrew Little had no police or diplomatic protection service protection.

For the first time in New Zealand history, the terrorism threat level was raised to high. Prime minister Ardern issued a directive that all flags on "all Government and public buildings" should be flown at half-mast until further notice. PM Jacinda Ardern has vowed to never speak the terrorists name in an effort to prevent him gaining notoreity.

Other responses

Schools near the mosques were locked down during event. School strikers at the Global School Strike rally in Cathedral Square, near the two attacks, were advised by police to either seek refuge in public buildings or go home. The University of Otago postponed its 150th anniversary street parade, which was scheduled for 16 March, in response to security concerns.

The third test cricket match between New Zealand and Bangladesh, scheduled to be played at the Hagley Oval in Christchurch from 16 March, was cancelled because of security concerns. The Bangladesh team were about to attend the Al Noor Mosque and were moments from entering the building when the incident began. The players then fled on foot to Hagley Oval. Two days later, Canterbury withdrew from their match against Wellington in the Plunket Shield cricket tournament. Likewise the Super Rugby match between the Crusaders, based in Christchurch, and Highlanders, based in Dunedin, due to be played the next day was cancelled as "a mark of respect for the events". After the attack, there were renewed calls to rename the Crusaders team, which derives from the medieval Crusades against Muslims.

Two concerts scheduled to be held in Christchurch on 17 March, one by singer-songwriter Bryan Adams, the other by thrash-metal band Slayer, were also cancelled. The Polynesian cultural festival Polyfest was cancelled after the shootings, with security concerns cited as the reason. The music and cultural festival WOMAD went ahead in New Plymouth despite the attacks, with armed police stationed around the festival perimeter, inside the event, and outside artists' hotels.

The mosques involved in the attacks, and others around the country and the world, have been the focus of vigils, messages, and floral tributes. The mayor of Christchurch, Lianne Dalziel, encouraged people to lay flowers outside the city's Botanic Gardens on Rolleston Avenue. Street gangs including the Mongrel Mob, Black Power and King Cobras sent members to mosques around the country to protect them during prayer time.

An online fundraiser started to support victims and their families has, as of 20 March 2019, raised over NZ$6.7 million. Together with other fundraisers, a total of $8.4 million was raised for the victims and their families, as of 20 March 2019. The Prime Minister also reiterated that those injured or killed in the shootings and their immediate families are covered by the country's accident compensation scheme, which offers compensation for lost income and a $10,000 funeral grant, among other benefits.

Video

The live stream was re-posted on many video streaming services including LiveLeak and YouTube. Police, Muslim-advocacy groups and government agencies urged anyone who finds the footage to take it down or report it. The New Zealand Office of Film and Literature Classification quickly classified the video as "objectionable", making it a criminal offence in the country to distribute, copy, or exhibit the video, with potential penalties of up to 14 years' imprisonment for an individual, or up to $100,000 in fines for a corporation. An 18-year-old man appeared in Christchurch District Court on 18 March faced with a charge of distributing the video, and a second charge of making an objectionable publication by posting, between 8 and 15 March, a photo of the Al Noor mosque with the message "target acquired", as well as other chat messages "inciting extreme violence".

Several media organisations in Australia and tabloid-newspaper websites in the United Kingdom broadcast parts of the live stream, up to the point the gunman entered the building, despite pleas from the New Zealand Police not to show it. Sky Television New Zealand temporarily stopped its syndication of Sky News Australia after that network showed the footage, and said it was working with Sky News Australia to prevent further displays of the video. At least three Internet service providers in New Zealand blocked access to 8chan and other sites related to the attack, and have temporarily blocked other sites hosting the video such as 4chan, LiveLeak, and Mega until they comply with requests to take down copies of the video. The administrator of KiwiFarms.com publicly refused a request from a New Zealand detective for user data regarding posts about the attacks.

Social-media sites including Facebook, YouTube, Reddit and Twitter said they were working diligently to remove the video of the attack from their platforms and would also remove anything posted support of the attacks. According to Facebook, the original video from the attacker had been viewed fewer than 200 times before the service was notified of its content, and had been viewed 4,000 times before it was removed. Removal occurred within minutes of notification, with Facebook creating a digital hash fingerprint to detect further uploads; however by this point the video had been propagated on other sites. Facebook said that in the 24 hours after the attack, it had blocked 1.5 million uploads of the video and images, including edited versions, from their service, with most blocked through the hash fingerprint to prevent visibility. Reddit banned "subreddits" named "WatchPeopleDie" and "Gore", saying that threads there had glorified the attacks, in violation of user agreements. Despite this response, New Zealand officials as well as other world leaders have asked Facebook, YouTube, and other major social sites to take responsiblity for extremist content posted on their services.

Stuart Bender, a research fellow at Curtin University in Perth, noted that the use of live streaming video as an integral part of the attack "makes the attack a form of 'performance crime' where the act of video recording and/or streaming the violence by the perpetrator is a central component of the violence itself, rather than being incidental." He suggested that, given previous examples of this type of offending and the continued availability of unmoderated live streaming services, other similar incidents may continue to occur.

Just before carrying out the attack, the gunman said for the live stream camera, "remember lads, subscribe to PewDiePie", a meme referring to the popular Swedish YouTube personality Felix Kjellberg who goes by the alias PewDiePie. Invoking the meme was apparently intended as a means of spreading the news about the attacks to the tens of millions of followers of the channel, a continuation of same intent as the "shitposting" of the manifesto. In reaction, many of those who have popularized the meme called for its use to be discontinued. Kjellberg posted on Twitter, "I feel absolutely sickened having my name uttered by this person," and gave his condolences to those affected.

Reactions

World leaders

Prime Minister Ardern called the incident an "act of extreme and unprecedented violence" and said "this is one of New Zealand's darkest days." She also described it as a well-planned terrorist attack. She also mentioned that she would render the person accused over the attack "nameless" and urged the public to speak the victims' names instead. Commissioner Bush echoed the Prime Minister in saying that it "is now classified as a terrorist event." Christchurch mayor Lianne Dalziel said she never thought "anything like this" could happen in New Zealand, saying "everyone is shocked". Elizabeth II, Queen of New Zealand, said she was "deeply saddened" by the attack. Ardern received international praise for her response to the shootings.

Politicians and world leaders condemned the attacks, with some attributing the attack to rising Islamophobia.

The Prime Minister of Pakistan, Imran Khan, announced that Pakistani emigrant Mian Naeem Rashid, who confronted the gunman and was killed in the attack on the Al Noor mosque, would be posthumously honoured with a national award for his courage.

The president of Turkey, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, repeatedly showed video taken by the attacker to his supporters at campaign rallies for upcoming local elections. The New Zealand and Australian governments, and Turkey's main opposition party have criticised him.

Alt-right

The gunman said in his manifesto that he supported US President Donald Trump as "a symbol of renewed white identity and common purpose", but did not support his leadership and policies. When Trump was asked if he thought "white nationalists were a growing threat around the world", he replied "I don't really. I think it's a small group of people that have very, very serious problems. It's certainly a terrible thing."

The United Kingdom's domestic intelligence service, MI5, launched an enquiry into the shooter's possible links to the British far-right.

New Zealand-based white-supremacist groups were quick to condemn the attack and distance themselves from the perpetrator. However a number of alt-right leaders overseas and online posters supported the attack, hailing the shooter as a "hero" and calling the violence a part of an ongoing worldwide ethnic conflict between white and non-white people. Andrew Anglin, the founder of the neo-Nazi website The Daily Stormer, said that this was "by far the funniest" mass shooting he had seen and that the shooter was already a "folk hero" to many, with the victims being "death cult invaders that he is slaughtering". Anglin also wrote: "I don't support this attack, obviously – I am a man of peace."

Gun laws

Gun laws in New Zealand came under scrutiny in the aftermath, specifically the legality of military-style semi-automatic rifles compared to Australia, which banned them after the Port Arthur massacre, in 1996. As gun-policy specialist Philip Alpers noted, "New Zealand is almost alone with the United States in not registering 96 percent of its firearms ... one can assume that the ease of obtaining these firearms may have been a factor in his decision to commit the crime in Christchurch."

Prime Minister Ardern announced: "Our gun laws will change, now is the time ... People will be seeking change, and I am committed to that." She continued, "There have been attempts to change our laws in 2005, 2012 and after an inquiry in 2017. Now is the time for change." Attorney-General David Parker was later quoted as saying that the government will ban semi-automatic guns, but subsequently backtracked on this statement, saying that the government had not yet committed to anything and that regulations around semi-automatic weapons was "one of the issues" the government would consider. Ardern, at a press conference on 18 March, said that details of the proposed reforms would be given by 25 March. Ardern announced a ban on 21 March, adding that she was working to have legislation in place as early as 11 April. As of 3pm that day semi-automatic and assault rifles were classified as needing an "E-category" licence. "After a reasonable period for returns, those who continue to possess these firearms will be in contravention of the law," Radio New Zealand reported. A "buy-back" scheme is also being considered.

The day after the attack, many gun-store owners reported an increase in sales, particularly of semi-automatic weapons, in response to the prospect of stricter laws. In contrast, some New Zealand gun owners have responded by voluntarily handing in their weapons to the police. The New Zealand auction website Trade Me has since banned the sale of semi-automatic weapons on its platform. In 2018 it was reported that of the 1.5 million registered firearms in New Zealand, 15,000 were semi automatic weapons. Despite this number and despite Police appeals, cabinet is still undecided on a gun register.

See also

• Islam in New Zealand
• List of Islamophobic incidents
• List of terrorist incidents in March 2019
• Quebec City mosque shooting
• Cave of the Patriarchs massacre
• Toulouse and Montauban shootings

Notes

1. Apart from the Latin alphabet, writings on the weaponry were in the Cyrillic, Armenian and Georgian alphabets. The markings included references to the 732 Battle of Tours, the 1189–1191 Siege of Acre, the 1565 Great Siege of Malta, the 1571 Battle of Lepanto, the 1683 Battle of Vienna, the 1770 Battle of Kagul, the 1805 Battle of Ivankovac, the 1877–1878 Battle of Shipka Pass, the 1913 Battle of Bulair, the 2010 Rotherham child sexual exploitation scandal, the 2018 Global Compact for Migration, Charles Martel, Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, Hetman Feliks Kazimierz Potocki, Marcantonio Colonna, Sebastiano Venier, Luca Traini, Alexandre Bissonnette, Lazar Hrebeljanović, Dmitry Senyavin, Miloš Obilić, John Hunyadi, Michael Szilágyi, Șerban Cantacuzino, Marco Antonio Bragadin, Ștefan cel Mare, Skanderbeg, Bajo Pivljanin, Novak Vujošević, Edward Codrington, Marko Miljanov Popović, Ernst Rüdiger von Starhemberg, David Soslan, David IV of Georgia, Stefan Lazarević, Constantine II of Bulgaria, Bohemond I of Antioch, Gaston IV of Bearn, Pelayu, Iosif Gurko, the Fourteen Words and "Turkofagos" (Turk eater), a term used by Greeks during the Greek War of Independence. The anti-Muslim phrase "Remove Kebab", a slogan originating from Serbia that spread globally and is used by white supremacists, was shown on one of the weapons. The rifle magazine had the name of Josué Estébanez, the perpetrator of the murder of Carlos Palomino. On his pack was a Black Sun patch, and two dog tags: one with a Celtic cross, and one with a Slavic swastika design.
2. Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison expressed support for New Zealand and condemned the shootings as a "violent, extremist, right-wing terrorist attack." He confirmed that an Australian had been detained as a suspect in connection with the attack. British Prime Minister Theresa May described the incident as a "horrifying terrorist attack", and said "my thoughts are with all of those affected by this sickening act of violence". Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau expressed "deepest condolences" and said "Canada remembers too well the sorrow we felt when a senseless attack on the Centre culturel islamique de Québec in Ste-Foy claimed the lives of many innocent people gathered in prayer", referencing the Quebec City mosque shooting in 2017. U.S. President Donald Trump extended his "warmest sympathy and best wishes...to the people of New Zealand", and he and the FBI offered them assistance while security at mosques around the United States was increased. Russian President Vladimir Putin sent Prime Minister Ardern a message of condolence, saying "This attack on civilians who gathered for prayer is shocking in its violence and cynicism". The lighting of the Ostankino Tower in Moscow, the tallest free-standing structure in Europe, was off for one hour as a sign of mourning. King Salman of Saudi Arabia said: "The heinous massacre of the worshipers at mosques in New Zealand is a terrorist act." He also called on the international community to confront hate speech and terrorism. Cardinal Pietro Parolin, the Secretary of State of Vatican City, sent a letter of condolences on behalf of Pope Francis, assuring the Muslim community in New Zealand of the Pope's, "heartfelt solidarity in the wake of these attacks," and stating that, "His Holiness prays for the healing of the injured, the consolation of those who grieve the loss of their loved ones, and for all affected by this tragedy." Condolences were also provided by Azerbaijani, Bangladeshi, Bruneian, Cambodian, Chinese, Filipino, Hungarian, Indian, Indonesian, Japanese, South Korean, Kosovar, Malaysian, Pakistani, Singaporean, Taiwanese, Thai, Turkish, and Vietnamese leaders. In Pakistan, during the Pakistan Super League 4 final at the National Stadium in Karachi, a moment of silence was observed.

References

1. ^ Roy, Eleanor Ainge; Sherwood, Harriet; Parveen, Nazia (15 March 2019). "Christchurch attack: suspect had white-supremacist symbols on weapons". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 15 March 2019. Retrieved 16 March 2019. A bomb disposal team was called in to dismantle explosive devices found in a stopped car. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
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External links

• Quotations related to Christchurch mosque shootings at Wikiquote
• Media related to Christchurch mosque shootings at Wikimedia Commons

• 2010s
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• Islam
• New Zealand

• Misplaced Pages articles needing copy edit from March 2019
• Christchurch mosque shootings
• 2019 crimes in New Zealand
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• 2010s in Christchurch
• 2010s mass shootings in Oceania
• Attacks on mosques
• Crime in Christchurch
• Far-right politics in New Zealand
• Filmed killings
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• March 2019 crimes
• March 2019 events in Oceania
• Mass shootings in New Zealand
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• Neo-fascist terrorist incidents
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• White nationalism in New Zealand
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