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Fred Phelps
Born	November 13, 1929 Meridian, Mississippi United States
Title	Pastor
Spouse	Marge Phelps
Children	13; 4 estranged from family

Fred Waldron Phelps, Sr. (born November 13, 1929 in Meridian, Mississippi) is the pastor and leader of the Westboro Baptist Church, an independent Baptist church in Topeka, Kansas that is listed as a "hate group" by the Southern Poverty Law Center. He is known for preaching that "God hates fags" and that God will punish homosexuals as well as people such as Bill O'Reilly and Howard Dean, whom his church considers "fag-enablers". His church says he is a "Five-Point Calvinist".

Phelps and his followers frequently picket various events, especially funerals, gay pride gatherings, and high-profile political gatherings, arguing it is their sacred duty to warn others of the wrath to come. When criticized, Phelps' followers say they are protected in doing so by the First Amendment. President Bush recently signed the Respect for America's Fallen Heroes Act in response to Phelps' protests at military funerals.

Phelps is a self-described "fire and brimstone" preacher who believes that homosexuality and its acceptance have doomed most of the world to eternal damnation. His group has slightly fewer than 100 members, 90 of whom are related to Phelps through blood or marriage or both, although his daughter Shirley claims that only 80% are related.

The group is built around a core of anti-homosexual theology, with many of their activities stemming from the slogan "God hates fags," which is also the name of the group's main website. Gay rights activists, as well as Christians of virtually every denomination, have denounced him as a producer of anti-gay propaganda and violence-inspiring hate speech.

Childhood

Fred Phelps was born in Meridian, Mississippi in 1929, the first of two children; his sister, Martha-Jean, was one year younger. His father, Fred Wade Phelps, was a "bull" employed by the local railroad, whose job was to keep people from illegally riding the rails. Fred recalls his father often came home from work "with blood up to his shoulders". Fred's mother, Catherine Phelps, was a homemaker.

The family were devout members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. Catherine died of throat cancer at the age of twenty-eight, when Phelps was five years old. It was the first significant experience of his life, and one that appears to have affected him greatly. One of Fred's only memories of his mother is the fact that since she was the only woman on their street who owned a musical instrument (a piano), she used to push it to the front of the house, open all the doors and windows, and play for the pleasure of the neighbors. Catherine was highly regarded in Meridian — her funeral was attended by the mayor (who was also a pallbearer), a city councilman, two judges, and every member of the Meridian police force.

Shortly after his mother's death, his maternal great-aunt, Irene Jordan, moved in with the family and became a surrogate mother; she was killed in a motor vehicle accident in 1950, shortly before Fred's twenty-first birthday.

Friends and enemies alike recall the young Fred Phelps as a bright, quiet young man; those asked seem to unanimously agree that he was fairly well liked in high school, despite not being very sociable (something to which Phelps himself admits). Friends further recall that Phelps had tendencies to be overbearing and arrogant. By Phelps's own admission, he never dated, and had no interest in members of the opposite sex. Some fellow classmates remember Phelps as being attracted to members of the same sex, and even having a homosexual relationship with a fellow student. He played in the school band (cornet, later switching to bass horn), was on the track team (he specialized in hurdling), and worked as a field reporter for the high school newspaper. Also, during his time in high school he became a Golden Gloves boxer, going to state twice and winning by KO both times. In his graduation-year yearbook, his classmates predicted that he would end up as a professional boxer.

In 1947, Phelps enrolled as a student in at fundamentalist Bob Jones University, which he left after three semesters. He then spent two semesters at the Prairie Bible Institute. In 1951, he earned a two-year degree from John Muir College.

Civil Rights Attorney

Phelps earned a law degree from Washburn University in 1962, and became a civil rights attorney. "I systematically brought down the Jim Crow laws of this town," he says. Phelps' daughter was quoted as saying, "We took on the Jim Crow establishment, and Kansas did not take that sitting down. They used to shoot our car windows out, screaming we were nigger lovers.", and that the Phelps law firm made up one-third of the state’s federal docket of civil-rights cases.

Phelps took cases on behalf of African American clients alleging discrimination by school systems, and a predominately black American Legion post which had been raided by police, alleging racially-based police abuse. Phelps' law firm obtained settlements for some clients. Phelps also sued then-President Ronald Reagan over Reagan's appointment of a U.S. ambassador to the Vatican, alleging this violated separation of church and state. The case was dismissed by the U.S. District court. Phelps' law firm, staffed by himself and family members also represented non-white Kansans in discrimination actions against Kansas Power and Light, Southwestern Bell, and the Topeka City Attorney, and represented two women professors alleging discrimination in Kansas universities.

In the 1980s Fred Phelps received awards from the Greater Kansas City Chapter of Blacks in Government and the Bonner Springs branch of the NAACP for his work on behalf of Black clients.

Disbarment

A formal complaint was filed against Fred W. Phelps, Sr. on November 8, 1977 by the Kansas State Board of Law Examiners for his conduct during a lawsuit against a court reporter named Carolene Brady. Brady had failed to have a court transcript ready for Phelps on the day he asked for it; though it did not affect the outcome of the case for which Phelps had requested the transcript, Phelps still requested $22,000 in damages from her. In the ensuing trial, Phelps called Brady to the stand, declared her a hostile witness, and then cross-examined her for nearly a week, during which he accused her of being a "slut," tried to introduce testimony from former boyfriends whom Phelps wanted to subpoena, and accused her of a variety of perverse sexual acts, ultimately reducing her to tears on the stand. Phelps lost the case; according to the Kansas Supreme Court:

The trial became an exhibition of a personal vendetta by Phelps against Carolene Brady. His examination was replete with repetition, badgering, innuendo, belligerence, irrelevant and immaterial matter, evidencing only a desire to hurt and destroy the defendant. The jury verdict didn't stop the onslaught of Phelps. He was not satisfied with the hurt, pain, and damage he had visited on Carolene Brady.

In an appeal, Phelps prepared affidavits swearing to the court that he had eight witnesses whose testimony would convince the court to rule in his favor. Brady, in turn, obtained sworn, signed affidavits from the eight people in question, all of whom said that Phelps had never contacted them and that they had no reason to testify against Brady; Phelps had committed perjury.

On July 20 1979, Fred Phelps was permanently disbarred from practicing law in the state of Kansas., but continued to practice in the Federal courts.

In 1985, nine Federal judges filed a disciplinary complaint against Phelps and five of his children, alleging false accusations against the judges. In 1989, the complaint is settled, with Phelps agreeing to permanently stop practicing in Federal court, and two of his children suspended for periods of six months and one year.

Activities and statements

All of Phelps' recent actions were in conjunction with the congregation of Westboro Baptist Church; see Westboro's notable activities.

Religious beliefs

Phelps claims to be an old school Baptist, which includes embracing John Calvin's doctrine of unconditional election, the belief that God has elected certain people for salvation before birth. However, he takes it further so as to say that almost nobody is a member of the elect, and furthermore that he and the members of his congregation (mostly his family) are the only members of the elect, because they are the only ones not afraid to publish the current relevant application of the word of God (that "God hates fags").

During 1993–94 interviews with the Topeka Capital-Journal, the four Phelps children (out of thirteen) who had left the church asserted that their father's religious beliefs were either nonexistent to begin with or have dwindled down to nearly nothing. They insist that Westboro actually serves to enable a paraphilia of Phelps, wherein he is literally addicted to hatred (this statement would serve as the inspiration for the title of the book about Phelps' life). Two of his sons, Mark and Nate, insist that the church is actually a carefully planned cult that allows Phelps to see himself as a demigod, wielding absolute control over the lives of his family and congregants, essentially turning them into slaves that he can use for the sole purpose of gratifying his every whim and acting as the structure for his delusion that he is the only righteous man on Earth. In 1995, Mark Phelps wrote a letter to the people of Topeka to this effect; it was run in the Topeka Capital-Journal. The children's claim is partially backed up by B.H. McAllister, the Baptist minister who ordained Phelps. McAllister said in a 1993 interview that Phelps developed a delusion wherein he was one of the few people on Earth worthy of God's grace and that everyone else in the world was going to Hell, and that salvation or damnation could be directly obtained by either aligning with or opposing Phelps. As of 2006, Phelps maintains this belief. Phelps and his family picket somewhere every day. They picket about 15 churches every Sunday.

Authorship

According to Phelps' children, he has written several unpublished biographies of medieval religious figures. Phelps is a collector of ancient religious texts and has a library of books about and by medieval- and reformation-era religious figures, which lends some support to these claims.

The Laramie Project

Many of Westboro's pickets revolve around the play The Laramie Project; Phelps says he consistently sends his followers across the country to picket every performance he finds out about. The play documents the reaction of the people of Laramie, Wyoming to the murder of Matthew Shepard.

The presumed reason for these protests is that Phelps is a character in the play and is portrayed negatively. Some of his ardent supporters claim that the play constitutes libel. Phelps himself says about his portrayal in the play: "They did not interview me, and portrayed me in a false light that amounts to defamatory misrepresentation." The play's authors state that all of Phelps' dialogue in the play is taken verbatim from his own sermons.

When the play was made into a movie by HBO, Phelps traveled to New York City to picket the HBO home offices with signs reading "United You'll Fall." Whenever Phelps sends picketers, he faxes a "review" to local newspapers for publishing; every review he sends is identical:

""The Laramie Project is a tawdry bit of banal fag melodrama - sordid, cheap, - without the least artistic or literary merit or unaffecting, drearily predictable redeeming social value.""

Political views

Phelps' stated political views and activities are primarily driven by his view that the United States of America is "A sodomite nation of flag-worshiping idolaters." Phelps' voting registration in Kansas is Democratic.

Anti-gay

Phelps was the subject of nationwide controversy when his family proposed, in a referendum, the removal of workplace protection for homosexuals in Topeka. The measure was defeated, fifty three percent to forty seven percent. Also in 2005, Phelps' granddaughter Jael was an unsuccessful candidate for Topeka's City Council; Jael was seeking to replace Tiffany Muller, the first openly gay member of the Topeka City Council.

On the Westboro website godhatessweden.com, Phelps declares the heavy Swedish losses in the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, initially calculated (exaggeratedly) at 20,000, to be God's punishment of Sweden for the prosecution of Åke Green and depicts a granite monument designed by himself to Green as a Christian martyr, announcing plans to erect copies of it throughout the U.S. In response, Green has called Phelps "appalling" and "extremely unpleasant" , stressing that while Phelps proclaims hatred for homosexuals and condemns them to Hell, Green hopes for them to repent and go to Heaven. Phelps then renounced Green as a traitor and an ingrate.

The family started protesting homosexuality in the late 1980s after Shirley Phelps-Roper’s then-toddler son was allegedly propositioned by a homosexual in a Topeka park, according to Phelps-Roper.

Against Flag Idolatry

Rev Phelps refers to the United States of America as "A sodomite nation of flag-worshiping idolaters."

"Military funerals are pagan orgies of idolatrous blasphemy where they pray to the dunghill gods of Sodom and play taps to a fallen fool,

They shall not lament for him, saying, Ah my brother! or, Ah sister! they shall not lament for him, saying, Ah lord! or, Ah his glory! He shall be buried with the burial of an ass, drawn and cast forth beyond the gates of Jerusalem." Jer. 22:lS-19.

On his website, Phelps displays the American flag upside down. The flag, when flown in that manner, has historically indicated distress or imminent danger.

Freedom of Speech

Rev Phelps is critical of laws against hate speech that make it illegal to preach that homosexuality is sinful. Hate speech laws in Sweden, resulting in the trial of Pastor Åke Green, and Canada are given particular emphasis by Rev Phelps. Rev Phelps has used the term "homo-fascist" to describe countries with such laws.

Democratic Party

Phelps has run in various Kansas Democratic Party primaries in Kansas five times, but has never won. These included races for governor in 1990, 1994, and 1998, receiving about 15% of the vote in 1998.

Support for Al Gore

Phelps supported Al Gore in the 1988 and 1992 Democratic Party primary elections. In his 1984 Senate race, Gore opposed a "gay bill of rights" and stated that homosexuality was not a choice that "society should affirm". Phelps has stated that he supported Gore because of these earlier comments. According to Phelps, members of the Westboro Baptist Church helped run Gore's 1988 campaign in Kansas. Phelps' son, Fred Phelps Jr., hosted a Gore fundraiser, which Al and Tipper Gore attended, at his home in Topeka,. Fred Phelps, Jr. served as a Gore delegate to the 1988 Democratic National Convention. Gore spokesman Dag Vega declined to comment; "We are not dignifying those stories with a response."

Opposition to Al Gore and Bill Clinton

During the 1992 presidential campaign, Phelps protested Hillary Clinton during a campaign speech in support of the Clinton-Gore ticket at the University of Kansas on October 14, 1992. In Bill Clinton's second presidential campaign, Phelps and the Westboro church also opposed Clinton and Gore because of the administration's support for gay rights. The entire Westboro congregation picketed a 1997 inaugural ball,. denouncing Gore as a "famous fag pimp." In 1998, Westboro picketed the funeral of Gore's father, screaming vulgarities at Gore and telling him "your dad's in Hell."

In the aftermath of the election, in an incident that would be repeated years later when Phelps circulated a petition to outlaw homosexual work protection, many of the Kansas Democrats who had cast votes for Phelps came forward to express their distaste for him. They claimed that Phelps had lied about his intentions to numerous constituents, using double-talk and fuzzy language to confuse them; neglected to mention his stances on race, religion, and homosexuality, and campaigned mainly on the platform of a "good ol' boy" Southern gentleman and retired lawyer unfairly prosecuted by the system.

Fidel Castro

Phelps has repeatedly championed Fidel Castro for Castro's stance against homosexuality; in 1998 Harper's magazine published a letter Phelps sent to Castro in which he praised Castro and lambasted the U.S. In 2004, when a pro-homosexual Cuban refugee announced plans to travel to Cuba, Phelps sent another letter to Castro "warning" him of the man's plans and requesting travel visas for a group of WBC congregants so that they could follow the refugee around Havana with signs bearing anti-U.S. and anti-homosexual slogans. Castro also ignored that appeal.

Saddam Hussein

In 2003, before the fall of Saddam Hussein during the Iraq War, Phelps wrote Hussein a letter praising his regime for being, in his opinion, "the only Muslim state that allows the Gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ to be freely and openly preached on the streets." Furthermore, he stated that he would like to send a delegation to Baghdad to "preach the Gospel" for one week. Hussein granted permission, and a group of WBC congregants traveled to Iraq to protest against the U.S. The parishioners stood on the streets of Baghdad and heavily patronized Baghdad establishments holding signs condemning Bill and Hillary Clinton and anal sex.

Criminal record

United States

Phelps was first arrested in 1951 and found guilty of misdemeanor battery after attacking a Pasadena police officer. He has since been arrested for assault, battery, threats, trespassing, disorderly conduct, contempt of court, and several other charges; each time, he (along with Westboro and its other members) has filed suit against the city, the police, and the arresting officers. Though he has been able to avoid prison time, he has been convicted more than once:

• 1994: Contempt of court
• 1994: Two counts of assault (reduced to disorderly conduct on appeal)

Phelps' 1993 convictions stemmed from a raid on the offices of his family's lawfirm, "Phelps Chartered," in which $37,000 worth of equipment was seized as evidence. Phelps later sued the city of Topeka for seizing the equipment and won $43,000 in damages. By the time an appeals court overturned the ruling, the statute of limitations had expired and Phelps was allowed to keep the money.

Phelps' 1995 conviction for assault and battery carried a five-year prison sentence, with a mandatory 18 months to be served before he became eligible for parole. Phelps fought to be allowed to remain free until his appeals process went through. Days away from being arrested and sent to prison, a judge ruled that Phelps had been denied a speedy trial and that he was not required to serve any time.

In December 1996, in the wake of Fred Phelps' assault and battery conviction, two Topeka police officers came forward claiming that then-police chief Beavers had, in 1993, decreed a "no-arrest" policy that actively ignored complaints against Phelps and WBC members unless they were blatantly physically violent and/or witnessed by several persons. Beavers was quoted as saying:

"The Phelpses are not going to live in my house. Don't these officers know the Phelpses can sue us and take our houses? Commander, do you understand my order?"

An investigation was launched by the City of Topeka and the Topeka Sheriff's department in 1996. It was determined that Chief Beavers had been allowing Phelps and WBC protesters to commit crimes without arrest, and that Phelps and WBC members had taken advantage of their knowledge of the policy by becoming more abusive towards Topeka citizens; in following years, Topeka citizens formed a loose support group on the Topeka Capital-Journal message board recalling abuse they had suffered from Westboro members during this period, which included threats of sexual assault to women and children; some claimed that they had caught members of Westboro going through their garbage looking for personal information to use against them. Following the findings of the city and Sheriff's office, Beavers was asked to resign, and his successor immediately repealed the "no arrest" policy.

Canada

On one occasion, Phelps and his congregation had their signs confiscated by customs, and responded by going to the federal capital and burning and spitting on the Canadian flag, and threatening to urinate and defecate on it. Since that time, Canada has passed hate crime legislation, informally referred to as the "Fred Phelps Law" or "Jack Chick Law." Phelps has also claimed that his congregation, along with him, have been arrested in Canada for hate speech. Should Phelps ever try to enter Canada again, he would be arrested and tried for violation of hate crime laws, a fact which prompted the founding of "Godhatescanada.com." He has also strongly opposed the legalization of same-sex marriage in Canada and Canada's Supreme Court.

People targeted by Fred Phelps

Since the early 1990s, Phelps has targeted several individuals and groups in the public eye for criticism by the Westboro Baptist Church after their deaths. Prominent examples include President Ronald Reagan, Supreme Court Justice William Rehnquist, National Football League star Reggie White, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, murdered college student Matthew Shepard, the late children's television host Fred Rogers, Jews, Catholics, Scandinavians and US soldiers killed in Iraq. He has also targeted Joseph Estabrook School in Lexington, Massachusetts.

Shirley Phelps, a daughter of Fred Phelps, appeared on Fox News, defending the WBC and attacking homosexuality. Elsewhere and more recently, the miners who died in the 2006 Sago Mine disaster and the late Coretta Scott King have been targeted by Phelps and the WBC. The groups and individuals are attacked for being homosexual, supporting homosexuality, failing to condemn homosexuality and/or Judaism and Catholicism or their deaths are suggested to be caused by God as punishment for the USA's tolerance for homosexuals.

In a recent video sermon, Phelps targeted comedians Jon Stewart and Stephen Colbert, claiming that they are among the "scoffers and mockers" referred to in the Bible, and used them as evidence that we are in the "last of the Last Days." He was particularly critical of Colbert's Emmy Awards show performance, in which Colbert, tongue-in-cheek, called the Hollywood audience "Godless sodomites." He compared Colbert's comments to the "blaspheming comics" of Sodom and Gomorrah and referred to both Colbert and Stewart as "sacrilegious buffoons."

Phelps' followers have repeatedly protested the University of Kansas School of Law's graduation ceremonies.

Efforts to discourage funeral protests

Legislation

On May 24, 2006, the United States House and Senate passed the Respect for America's Fallen Heroes Act, which President Bush signed five days later. The act bans protests within 300 feet of national cemeteries — which numbered 122 when the bill was signed — from 60 minutes before a funeral to 60 minutes after it. Violators face up to a $100,000 fine and up to a year in prison.

As of April 2006, at least seventeen states have banned or are considering banning protests near funeral sites immediately before and after the ceremonies. These states are: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland,Michigan, Missouri, which passed the law, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, and Wisconsin. Additionally, Florida has passed legislation making "willful disruption" of a military funeral a first-class misdemeanor.

These bans have not been uncontested. Bart McQueary, having protested with Phelps on at least three occasions, filed a lawsuit in federal court challenging the constitutionality of Kentucky's funeral protest ban. On September 26, 2006, a district court agreed and entered an injunction prohibiting the ban from being enforced. In the opinion, the judge wrote:

Sections 5(1)(b) and (c) restrict substantially more speech than that which would interfere with a funeral or that which would be so obtrusive that funeral participants could not avoid it. Accordingly, the provisions are not narrowly tailored to serve a significant government insterest but are instead unconstitutionally overbroad.

The American Civil Liberties Union filed a lawsuit in Missouri on behalf of Phelps and Westboro Baptist Church to overturn the ban on the picketing of soldier's funerals. The ACLU of Ohio also filed a similar lawsuit.

Other responses

To counter the Phelps' protests at funerals of soldiers, a group of motorcycle riders has formed the Patriot Guard Riders to provide a nonviolent, volunteer buffer between the protesters and mourners.

In addition, when Phelps and his Westboro followers have shown up at Walter Reed Army Medical Center or other locales in the Washington area, they have been actively protested by the DC Chapter of Free Republic, a conservative website.

On June 5, 2006, Albert Snyder, the father of Lance Cpl. Matthew A. Snyder, who was killed in the line of duty on March 3, 2006, and whose funeral was picketed by Phelps, sued Phelps and the Westboro Baptist Church, Inc., in the U.S. District Court in Maryland, for defamation, invasion of privacy, and intentional infliction of emotional distress. The lawsuit also involves accusations made on Phelps's websites that Mr. and Mrs. Snyder "raised for the devil" and taught him "to defy his Creator, to divorce, and to commit adultery".

Legitimacy

Because his activism has provoked opposition, some have speculated that Phelps might be an elaborate prankster or agent provocateur. Such speculation has come from liberals and conservatives who believe he is consciously trying to discredit social conservatives, and "some among the extreme-right have speculated that Phelps is a plant aimed at giving the anti-gay movement a bad name". Author Keith R. Wood suggested in a 2004 column that Phelps' protests "are most likley (sic) being funded by NAMBLA" and are designed "to draw unfavorable attention toward Christians as a whole, make afraid to speak about morality, and make all seem like idiots."

Phelps' estranged son Mark has said Phelps "simply wants to hate and to have a forum for his hate. . . . If it weren't the homosexuals, it would be something else."

Footnotes

1. Southern Poverty Law Center. Active U.S. Hate Groups in 2005. Accessed 5 October 2006.
2. God Hates Fags. Flyer dated November 9, 2001.
3. God Hates Fags. Flyer dated December 11, 2001.
4. "Brief Bio of Pastor Fred Phelps". God Hates Fags. Retrieved 2006-12-19. {{cite web}}: External link in |publisher= (help)
5. God Hates Fags. EPIC TO THE KANSAS SENATE ON FEBRUARY 1, 2006 (PDF)
6. God Hates Fags. Pandering Fliers, 2006 (PDF)
7. Pickler, Nedra, "Bush Says U.S. Must Honor War Dead", The Washington Post, Associated Press, 2006-05-30. Retrieved on 2006-06-09
8. ^ Sean Hannity and Alan Colmes interviewing Shirley Phelps Roper. "Crazy Woman On Hannity & Colmes", Hannity & Colmes, FOX News (hosted at break.com), 2006-05-05. Retrieved on 2006-06-08.
9. ^ Lauerman, Kerry. "The Man Who Loves To Hate". Mother Jones. March/April 1999.
10. ^ Fry, Steven, John Michael Bell, and Joe Taschler. Addicted to Hate. Chapter 3: "God's Left Hook", 1994.
11. In 2006, Phelps--who has picketed BJU as well as funerals of servicemen--denied that he had ever attended BJU. News article from the Columbia (SC) State.
12. Taschler, Joe and Fry, Steve. "The Transformation of Fred Phelps". The Topeka Capital-Journal, Hosted at rickross.com
13. ^ Donna Ladd (September 9, 1999), A Love/Hate Thing: Web prank stonewalls anti-gay attorneys, OC Weekly {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |date accessed= ignored (help)
14. ^ Joe Taschler and Steve Fry, As a lawyer, Phelps was good in court, Topeka Capitol-Journal {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |date accessed= ignored (help)
15. Fred Phelps and the Westboro Baptist Church: In Their Own Words, Anti-Defamation League, 2006-06-21 {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |date accessed= ignored (help)
16. ^ State v. Phelps, 226 Kan. 371, 598 P.2d 180 (Kan. 1979) (Kansas Supreme Court opinion)
17. Fred Phelps timeline
18. ^ Fry, Steven, and Taschler, Joe. "Phelps flock: Afterlife is prearranged."
19. Phelps, Mark. "Letter from a Son Who Left."
20. Mann, Fred, "Road to Westboro: What led Fred Phelps to his beliefs and actions?", Wichita Eagle, 2006-04-02. Retrieved on 2006-08-24.
21. God Hates Fags. Fliers
22. God Hates Fags. Flier archive 2004.
23. God Hates America. Laramie Project (PDF).
24. God Hates Fags. Flier dated May 11, 2006.
25. "Kansas VoterView". Kansas Secretary of State's office. Retrieved 2006-11-27.
26. Topeka Capital-Journal. "A District." 23 February 2005.
27. "Swedish pastor disowns US hate site", The Local
28. God Hates Canada, a Phelps website
29. 1998 Kansas Primary Results. Compiled by Congressional Quarterly.
30. Tooley, Mike D. (February 9, 2006). The "God Hates Fags" Left. FrontPageMagazine.com
31. Hohler, Bob (2000-02-15). "Bradley rips Gore's 'scare tactics' to win gay votes". Boston Globe. Retrieved 2006-10-01. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
32. ^ Hogenson, Scott (2000-10-16). "Gore Sought Support of 'God Hates Fags' Creator in '88". Retrieved 2006-12-14. {{cite news}}: Text "publisher Cybercast News Service" ignored (help)
33. Ivers, Kevin (2000-10-25). "Gore Political Ties to "God Hates Fags" Founders Uncovered". Georgia Log Cabin Republicans. Retrieved 2006-09-19.
34. Dougherty, John E. (2000-10-25). "Gore sought help from anti-homosexual group". World Net Daily. Retrieved 2006-09-19.
35. Friedman, et al. "This Way Out Newswrap", 25 January 1997.
36. ^ God Hates Fags.Westboro Baptist Church Flier (PDF), distributed 18 November, 2002.
37. 365Gay.com staff. "Phelps Clan Forces Vote on Gay Rights Law." 5 January 2005.
38. Anti-Defamation League. "Fred Phelps and the Westboro Baptist Church: In their own words." 2006.
39. Tooley, Mark D. "The 'God Hates Fags' Left." Front Page Magazine. February 9, 2006.
40. ^ Notable Names Database. Fred Phelps entry.
41. ^ Southern Poverty Law Center. Timeline of the life of Fred Phelps, Sr.
42. ^ Musser, Rick. "Fred Phelps versus Topeka." Republished from Culture Wars & Local Politics, ed. Elaine B. Sharp. University of Press Kansas. 2000.Cloth ISBN 0-7006-0935-0, Paper ISBN 0-7006-0936-9.
43. Dan Kapelovitz Interview. "Fred Phelps Hates Fags: Straight Talk With God's Favorite Homophobe"
44. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e647x8xFKTs
45. ^ http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/05/25/AR2006052500431.html
46. Blagojevich Signs Funeral Protest Bill.
47. http://www.illinois.gov/pressreleases/ShowPressRelease.cfm?SubjectID=1&RecNum=4891
48. Ind. enacts funeral-protest law
49. http://www.dailyiowan.com/user/index.cfm?event=displayregistrationprompt&requiredregistration=1&thereferer=http%3A//www.dailyiowan.com/media/storage/paper599/news/2006/04/19/Metro/Vilsack.Orally.signs.Funeral.Bill-1860685.shtml%3Fnorewrite200612042116%26sourcedomain%3Dwww.dailyiowan.com
50. http://www.kansascity.com/mld/kansascity/news/local/14090898.htm
51. Ky. enacts limits for funeral protests
52. Senate committee approves bill to limit funeral protests.
53. Funeral Protest Ban Clears Maryland House
54. http://www.wlns.com/Global/story.asp?S=4942358&nav=0RbQ
55. http://www.thekansascitychannel.com/news/7597398/detail.html
56. http://okinsider.com/topic_01OF0MMAHW/readstory.oki?storyid=0QX0W1CXY
57. http://www.scstatehouse.net/sess116_2005-2006/bills/4965.htm
58. http://www.wwrn.org/article.php?idd=20530&sec=36&con=4
59. ^ http://www.aclu-ky.org/Funeral%20Protest%20PI%20Order%20&%20Opinion%2009%2027%2006.pdf
60. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/07/22/AR2006072200643.html
61. http://www.acluohio.org/pressreleases/2006_press_releases/2006.05.08.htm
62. http://www.matthewsnyder.org/
63. "Hecklers harass families of US soldiers killed in Iraq". Breitbart.com. 2006-03-12. Retrieved 2006-11-27. {{cite news}}: External link in |publisher= (help)
64. Keith R. Wood (2004). "Fake Crusade". The Sierra Times. Retrieved 2006-11-27. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); External link in |publisher= (help)
65. http://cjonline.com/indepth/phelps/stories/080394_phelps03.shtml

References

• Addicted to Hate: The Fred Phelps Story - This book was written by Jon Michael Bell, originally for the Topeka Capital-Journal, but the paper refused to publish it because of lack of credibility of its contents. Bell sued the paper for monetary compensation for his work on it and in the process, the book was submitted as evidence and is posted to the internet, with dubious copyright status.
• Tooley, Mark D. (February 9 2006). "The "God Hates Fags" Left". FrontPage Magazine. Retrieved 2006-12-26. After the 9/11 attacks, Phelps celebrated that God was rightly punishing America for not hating homosexuals. The subway attacks in London persuaded Phelps that Great Britain also was being justly damned. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)

See also

• A Union In Wait
• Shirley Phelps-Roper
• Violence against gays, lesbians, bisexuals, and the transgendered
• Homophobia

External links

For external links related to Westboro Baptist Church and not Phelps specifically, see this section.

Biographical information

• Phelps-Chartered, Attorneys At Law - A law firm founded by Fred Phelps, Sr., in 1964 and staffed by WBC members
• "Hate for the love of God" — Biographical special section from the Topeka Capital-Journal, published in 1994
• "Phelps is no stranger to court system" - Article from the Topeka Capital-Journal, includes links to audio and video archives of Phelps

Criticism of Phelps

• A City Held Hostage - Southern Poverty Law Center article on Phelps' activities in Topeka

Parodies

• SatanLovesFredPhelps.com - Features a montage of clips from Phelps' sermons

• 1929 births
• American activists
• American criminals
• Anti-Catholicism
• Baptist ministers
• Baptists from the United States
• Christian fundamentalism
• Disbarred American lawyers
• Kansas politicians
• Living people
• Non-graduate alumni of West Point
• People associated with one or more lawsuits
• People from Kansas
• People from Meridian, Mississippi
• Westboro Baptist Church
• Religiously motivated violence in the United States