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| ] writer ] reported that it was here that ] landed from ] across the Adriatic, in order to carry on the ] against ] in Illyricum and the oncoming ] on 10 July 48 BC.<ref name="Lucan">], ''Phars''. 5.460.</ref>{{sfn|Longhurst|2016|p=134|ps=: "Pompey’s army was dispersed in winter quarters leaving his main supply base of Dyrrachium (Durazzo or Durrës) potentially vulnerable to a surprise attack. Caesar planned to land his army on the coast of Illyricum (Albania), as near as he could to Dyrrachium, march on the city and seize Pompey’s supplies."}} An analysis of other ancient sources, based on geographical and military data, suggests a more likely location for Caesar's landing inside the ] north of the ].{{sfn|Longhurst|2016|pp=132|ps=: " The most significant problem is the identification of Caesar’s landing place for his army with Palaeste, when it can be shown that he probably landed inside the Gulf of Valona."}} | ] writer ] reported that it was here that ] landed from ] across the Adriatic, in order to carry on the ] against ] in Illyricum and the oncoming ] on 10 July 48 BC.<ref name="Lucan">], ''Phars''. 5.460.</ref>{{sfn|Longhurst|2016|p=134|ps=: "Pompey’s army was dispersed in winter quarters leaving his main supply base of Dyrrachium (Durazzo or Durrës) potentially vulnerable to a surprise attack. Caesar planned to land his army on the coast of Illyricum (Albania), as near as he could to Dyrrachium, march on the city and seize Pompey’s supplies."}} An analysis of other ancient sources, based on geographical and military data, suggests a more likely location for Caesar's landing inside the ] north of the ].{{sfn|Longhurst|2016|pp=132|ps=: " The most significant problem is the identification of Caesar’s landing place for his army with Palaeste, when it can be shown that he probably landed inside the Gulf of Valona."}} | ||
| ==Location== | |||
| Palaeste was part of the Kemara (or ]) region,<ref name="Sakellariou"/> which belonged to the tribal state of the ], one of the main tribes of the northwestern ] group.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Cambridge Ancient History: The fourth century B.C |date=1994 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |page=428, 434 |url=https://books.google.gr/books?hl=el&id=zA9GAQAAIAAJ&dq= |language=en |quote=the Chaonians... and they had a citadel at their political centre , Phoenice.41 The state represented by ' Kemara ' in the list of hosts had two centres , Himarrë and Borsh , both probably fortified, it follows that the Chaonian group spoke Greek... It was evidently their own traditional Greek, probably West Greek, as some recorded inquiries at Dodona seem to show}}</ref> | |||
| ==Name== | ==Name== | ||
Revision as of 22:20, 20 October 2020
Palaeste or Palaiste was a town in the Ceraunian Mountains on the southern Adriatic coast between Illyria and Epirus in classical antiquity. It was located near modern day Palasë in Albania.
Ancient Roman writer Lucan reported that it was here that Julius Caesar landed from Brundusium across the Adriatic, in order to carry on the Civil War against Pompey in Illyricum and the oncoming Battle of Dyrrhachium on 10 July 48 BC. An analysis of other ancient sources, based on geographical and military data, suggests a more likely location for Caesar's landing inside the Bay of Vlorë north of the Ceraunian Mountains.
Location
Palaeste was part of the Kemara (or Himara) region, which belonged to the tribal state of the Chaonians, one of the main tribes of the northwestern Greek group.
Name
The name Palaiste is considered to be Illyrian. It is linked to the root morpheme *pal- (shallow water) and the typical Illyrian suffix -este. The ethnic name Palaistinoi comes from Palaiste, with the typical Illyrian suffix -ino often used to form tribal names. The root *pal is also found in the name of the Illyrian tribe of the Plaraioi/Palarioi. Pseudo-Plutarch reports that Palaistinos was another name of the river Strymon. The name has been speculated to be related to the ethnonym Philistines.
References
Notes
Citations
- de Ligt 2008, p. 154: "In classical times Palaiste was a small town on the South-Illyrian coast, while Pliny’s list of peoples inhabiting the more northerly parts of Roman Illyricum include the Siculi and the Sardeates (Lehmann 1985, 42-49)."
- ^ Hencken 1968, p. 649: "Furthermore, there was a place named Palaiste, considered to be Illyrian, and located near the border of Illyria and Epirus..."
- ^ Sakellariou 1997, p. 20: "The sea-ward face of the Akrokeraunian range, from Hagios Basileios northwards, to Palasa, the ancient Palaiste, forms the canton of Cheimara , the ancient Kemara ..." harvnb error: no target: CITEREFSakellariou1997 (help)
- Abraham Malamat; Hayim Tadmor (1976). A History of the Jewish People. Harvard University Press. p. 83.
- Lucan, Phars. 5.460.
- Longhurst 2016, p. 134: "Pompey’s army was dispersed in winter quarters leaving his main supply base of Dyrrachium (Durazzo or Durrës) potentially vulnerable to a surprise attack. Caesar planned to land his army on the coast of Illyricum (Albania), as near as he could to Dyrrachium, march on the city and seize Pompey’s supplies."
- Longhurst 2016, pp. 132: " The most significant problem is the identification of Caesar’s landing place for his army with Palaeste, when it can be shown that he probably landed inside the Gulf of Valona."
- The Cambridge Ancient History: The fourth century B.C. Cambridge University Press. 1994. p. 428, 434.
the Chaonians... and they had a citadel at their political centre , Phoenice.41 The state represented by ' Kemara ' in the list of hosts had two centres , Himarrë and Borsh , both probably fortified, it follows that the Chaonian group spoke Greek... It was evidently their own traditional Greek, probably West Greek, as some recorded inquiries at Dodona seem to show
- Likaj 1990, p. 2394: "Schon lange hat man die illyrischen Suffixe - ata und - ates ( : olciniatae , Docleates , Dalmatae , Labeates u . a . ) in Beziehung zum albanischen Suffix - at ( : Demat , Zekat ; Dukat , Filat ) gebracht ; das illyrische Suffix - ista , - este (:Ladesta, Palaeste) zum albanischen Suffix - (e) është (:kopsh, vëneshtë, lagushtë u.a.)"
- ^ Bercktold & Wacher 1996, p. 43: "Zu *pal- "Sumpf, seichtes Gewasser". Es gab illyrische Stämme der Plaraioi bzw . Palarioi ; s . auch Palaeste , Stadt in Südillyrien bei Orikon" harvnb error: no target: CITEREFBercktoldWacher1996 (help)
- Strobel 2015, p. 163.
- de Ligt 2008, pp. 153–154
- Hencken 1968, p. 649.
Bibliography
- de Ligt, Luuk (2008). "An Eteocretan inscription from Praisos and the Homeland of the Sea Peoples". Talanta (XL–XLI): 151–172.
- Longhurst, Ian (2016). Caesar's Crossing of the Adriatic Countered by a Winter Blockade During the Roman Civil War. Vol. 102. Routledge. pp. 132–152. doi:10.1080/00253359.2015.1054681.
{{cite book}}:|journal=ignored (help) - Hencken, Hugh (1968). Tarquinia, Villanovans, and Early Etruscans, Volume 1. Bulletin (American School of Prehistoric Research), American School of Prehistoric Research and Harvard University, Peabody Museum, American School of Prehistoric Research. Bulletin. Vol. 23. Peabody Museum.
- Sakellarious, M. V. (1997). Ηπειρος: 4000 χρόνια ελληνικής ιστορίας και πολιτισμού. Ekdotike Athenon. ISBN 9789602133712.
- Strobel, August (2015) . Der spätbronzezeitliche Seevölkersturm: Ein Forschungsüberblick mit Folgerungen zur biblischen Exodusthematik. Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft (in German). Vol. 145. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. ISBN 9783110855036.
- Likaj, Ethem (1990). "Die illyrische Herkunft des Albanischen im Lichte neuer Fakten und Interpretationen". Akten Des XIV. Internationalen Linguistenkongresses Berlin, 10. August-15. August 1987. Akademie-Verlag. ISBN 3050006579.
- Berktold, Percy; Wacker, Christian (1996). Akarnanien: eine Landschaft im antiken Griechenland. Ergon. ISBN 3928034715.
