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| {{more citations needed|date=August 2018}} | {{more citations needed|date=August 2018}} | ||
| '''Promession''' is an idea of how to dispose ] by way of ]. The concept of promession was developed by ] ] Susanne Wiigh-Mäsak, who derived the name from the ] word for "promise" (''promessa'').<ref name=holst>{{cite news|last=Holst|first=Karen|title=Swedish green-burial firm to turn frozen corpses in compost|url=http://www.thelocal.se/33178/20110413/|access-date=26 September 2012|date=13 April 2011}}</ref> She founded |
'''Promession''' is an idea of how to dispose ] by way of ]. The concept of promession was developed by ] ] Susanne Wiigh-Mäsak, who derived the name from the ] word for "promise" (''promessa'').<ref name=holst>{{cite news|last=Holst|first=Karen|title=Swedish green-burial firm to turn frozen corpses in compost|url=http://www.thelocal.se/33178/20110413/|access-date=26 September 2012|date=13 April 2011}}</ref> She founded Promessa Organic AB in 1997 to commercially pursue her idea.<ref name=undertaker>{{cite news|last=McNally|first=Patrick|title=Promession: A Return to the Living Soil|url=http://www.dailyundertaker.com/2008/09/promession-return-to-living-soil.html|access-date=26 September 2012|newspaper=Daily Undertaker|date=30 September 2008}}</ref> The company went bankrupt in 2015 without being able to produce a functioning facility.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://www.bohuslaningen.se/nyheter/orust/promessa-slutligen-i-konkurs-1.925619|title=Promessa slutligen i konkurs|work=Bohusläningen|access-date=12 September 2018|language=sv}}</ref> The idea of promession is questioned and not a functional method according to critics.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=1637&artikel=3818201|title=Ekologisk begravning - Studio Ett|last=Kron|first=Andreas|newspaper=Sveriges Radio|date=30 June 2010 |language=sv|access-date=12 September 2018}}</ref> | ||
| ==Process== | ==Process== | ||
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| # Vibration: the body is disintegrated into particles within minutes | # Vibration: the body is disintegrated into particles within minutes | ||
| # Freeze drying: particles are freeze dried in a drying chamber, leaving approximately 30% of the original weight | # Freeze drying: particles are freeze dried in a drying chamber, leaving approximately 30% of the original weight | ||
| # Metal separation: any metals (e.g., tooth ], ]s, etc.) are removed, either by magnetism or by sieving. The dry powder is placed in a ] |
# Metal separation: any metals (e.g., tooth ], ]s, etc.) are removed, either by magnetism or by ]. The dry powder is placed in a ] casket which is interred in the top ], where aerobic bacteria decompose the remains into ] in as little as 6–12 months. | ||
| == Criticism == | |||
| Promession as a functional method is questioned. No facility for promession has been built or put into service. Critics argue that there is a physical<ref>{{Cite book|title=Hej då! : begravningsboken|author=Möller, Lotte|date=2011|publisher=Arena|isbn=9789178433612|location=Malmö|oclc=760982426}}</ref> impossibility to atomize a freeze dried human body in this way.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.ostran.se/nyheter/kalmar/promession_fungerar_inte |title=- Promession fungerar inte / Kalmar / NYHETER / ÖSTRAN / Östra Smålan… |date=25 May 2012 |work= |access-date=12 September 2018 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120525113929/http://www.ostran.se/nyheter/kalmar/promession_fungerar_inte |archive-date=25 May 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | |||
| ==Current status== | ==Current status== | ||
| Promessa Organic AB was liquidated in 2015 without being able to produce a functioning module or facility.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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| ==External links== | ==External links== | ||
| * http://www.promessa.se Promessa |
* | ||
| {{Death}} | {{Death}} | ||
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| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| {{Death-stub}} | |||
Latest revision as of 19:40, 29 November 2024
Method of corpse disposal
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Promession" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (August 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
Promession is an idea of how to dispose human remains by way of freeze drying. The concept of promession was developed by Swedish biologist Susanne Wiigh-Mäsak, who derived the name from the Italian word for "promise" (promessa). She founded Promessa Organic AB in 1997 to commercially pursue her idea. The company went bankrupt in 2015 without being able to produce a functioning facility. The idea of promession is questioned and not a functional method according to critics.
Process
| This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
The idea of promession involves five steps:
- Coffin separation: the body is placed into the chamber
- Cryogenic freezing: liquid nitrogen at −196 °C crystallizes the body
- Vibration: the body is disintegrated into particles within minutes
- Freeze drying: particles are freeze dried in a drying chamber, leaving approximately 30% of the original weight
- Metal separation: any metals (e.g., tooth amalgam, artificial hips, etc.) are removed, either by magnetism or by sieving. The dry powder is placed in a biodegradable casket which is interred in the top layers of soil, where aerobic bacteria decompose the remains into humus in as little as 6–12 months.
Criticism
Promession as a functional method is questioned. No facility for promession has been built or put into service. Critics argue that there is a physical impossibility to atomize a freeze dried human body in this way.
Current status
Promessa Organic AB was liquidated in 2015 without being able to produce a functioning module or facility.
See also
References
- Holst, Karen (13 April 2011). "Swedish green-burial firm to turn frozen corpses in compost". Retrieved 26 September 2012.
- McNally, Patrick (30 September 2008). "Promession: A Return to the Living Soil". Daily Undertaker. Retrieved 26 September 2012.
- ^ "Promessa slutligen i konkurs". Bohusläningen (in Swedish). Retrieved 12 September 2018.
- ^ Kron, Andreas (30 June 2010). "Ekologisk begravning - Studio Ett". Sveriges Radio (in Swedish). Retrieved 12 September 2018.
- Möller, Lotte (2011). Hej då! : begravningsboken. Malmö: Arena. ISBN 9789178433612. OCLC 760982426.
- "- Promession fungerar inte / Kalmar / NYHETER / ÖSTRAN / Östra Smålan…". 25 May 2012. Archived from the original on 25 May 2012. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
