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Some Like It Hot
Theatrical release poster by Macario Gómez Quibus
Directed by	Billy Wilder
Screenplay by	Billy Wilder I. A. L. Diamond
Story by	Robert Thoeren Michael Logan
Based on	Fanfare of Love by Max Bronnet Michael Logan Pierre Prévert René Pujol Robert Thoeren
Produced by	Billy Wilder
Starring	Marilyn Monroe Tony Curtis Jack Lemmon George Raft Pat O'Brien Joe E. Brown
Cinematography	Charles Lang
Edited by	Arthur P. Schmidt
Music by	Adolph Deutsch
Production company	Mirisch Company
Distributed by	United Artists
Release dates	March 29, 1959 (1959-03-29) (New York City, premiere) April 8, 1959 (1959-04-08) (Los Angeles)
Running time	121 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$2.9 million
Box office	$49 million

Some Like It Hot is a 1959 American crime comedy film directed, produced and co-written by Billy Wilder. It stars Marilyn Monroe, Tony Curtis and Jack Lemmon, with George Raft, Pat O'Brien, Joe E. Brown, Joan Shawlee and Nehemiah Persoff in supporting roles. The screenplay by Wilder and I. A. L. Diamond is based on a screenplay by Robert Thoeren and Michael Logan from the 1935 French film Fanfare of Love. The film is about two musicians (Curtis and Lemmon) who disguise themselves as women to escape from Chicago mobsters they have witnessed commit murder during the 1920's Prohibition-era.

Some Like It Hot opened to critical and commercial success and is considered to be one of the greatest films of all time. The film received six Academy Award nominations, including Best Actor, Best Director and Best Adapted Screenplay, winning for Best Costume Design. In 1989, the Library of Congress selected it as one of the first 25 films for preservation in the United States National Film Registry for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

The film was produced without approval from the Motion Picture Production Code (Hays Code) because it features cross-dressing. The code had been gradually weakening in its scope since the early 1950s, owing to greater social tolerance for taboo topics in film, but it was enforced until the mid-1960s. The overwhelming success of Some Like It Hot is considered one of the reasons behind the retirement of the code.

Plot

In Prohibition-era Chicago, Joe is a jazz saxophone player and an irresponsible, impulsive gambler and ladies' man; Jerry, his anxious friend, is a jazz double bass player. They work in a speakeasy owned by local Mafia boss "Spats" Colombo. Tipped off by informant "Toothpick" Charlie, the police raid the joint. Joe and Jerry escape, but later accidentally witness Spats and his henchmen gunning down Toothpick and his gang in revenge (an incident inspired by the Saint Valentine's Day Massacre). Spats and his gang see them as they flee. Broke, terrified, and desperate to leave Chicago, Joe and Jerry disguise themselves as women named Josephine and Daphne so they can join Sweet Sue and her Society Syncopators, an all-female band headed by train to Miami. On the train, Joe and Jerry befriend Sugar Kane, the band's vocalist and ukulele player.

Joe and Jerry become obsessed with Sugar and compete for her affections while maintaining their disguises. Sugar confides to "Josephine" that she has sworn off male saxophone players, who have taken advantage of her in the past. She hopes to find a gentle, bespectacled millionaire in Florida. "Josephine" and "Daphne" become close friends with Sugar during a late-night party on the train and struggle to remember that flirting with her would compromise their cover.

After arriving in Miami, Joe woos Sugar by affecting a Cary Grant-esque Mid-Atlantic accent and posing as oil heir "Shell Oil Junior" while feigning indifference to her. The middle-aged Osgood Fielding III, an actual millionaire, persistently pursues "Daphne", whose refusals only fuel his desire. After Osgood invites "Daphne" to dinner on his yacht, Joe convinces Jerry to keep Osgood occupied onshore so that "Junior" can be alone with Sugar on Osgood's yacht and pass it off as his own. On the yacht, "Junior" tells Sugar that psychological trauma from the death of a former lover has left him impotent, but that he would immediately marry anyone who could cure him. Sugar tries to arouse him, with considerable success. Meanwhile, "Daphne" and Osgood dance the tango ("La Cumparsita") until dawn. When Joe and Jerry get back to the hotel, Jerry announces that Osgood has proposed marriage to "Daphne" and that he has accepted, anticipating a divorce and cash settlement when his ruse is revealed. Joe convinces Jerry that he cannot marry Osgood.

The hotel hosts a conference for the "Friends of Italian Opera Society", a front for a national Mafia meeting presided over by "Little Bonaparte". Spats and his men arrive and soon recognize Joe and Jerry, still in disguise as the witnesses they have been looking for. Fearing for their lives, Joe and Jerry realize they must quit the band and leave the hotel. Joe conceals his deception from Sugar by telling her over the telephone that "Junior" must marry a woman of his father's choosing and move to Venezuela. Sugar becomes distressed and heartbroken. Joe and Jerry evade Spats' men by hiding under a table at the syndicate banquet, where Little Bonaparte has Spats and his gang gunned down. Joe and Jerry are spotted and they flee through the hotel. Joe, still dressed as Josephine, sees Sugar onstage singing a lament to lost love. After Joe runs onto the stage and kisses her, Sugar realizes that Josephine and Junior are the same person.

Jerry persuades Osgood to take "Daphne" and "Josephine" away on his yacht. Sugar runs from the stage at the end of her song and jumps aboard Osgood's launch just as it is leaving the dock. Joe confesses the truth to Sugar and tells her that she deserves better, but Sugar wants him anyway, realizing he is the first man to genuinely care for her. Meanwhile, Jerry tries to get out of his engagement by listing reasons why "Daphne" and Osgood cannot marry, none of which bother Osgood. Exasperated, Jerry rips off his wig and says "I'm a man!" in his normal voice; still smiling, Osgood replies "Well, nobody's perfect," confounding Jerry and leaving him speechless.

Cast

• Marilyn Monroe as Sugar "Kane" Kowalczyk, a ukulele player and singer
• Tony Curtis as Joe/"Josephine"/"Shell Oil Junior", a saxophone player
• Jack Lemmon as Jerry/"Daphne", a bassist
• Joe E. Brown as Osgood Fielding III
• George Raft as "Spats" Colombo, a mobster from Chicago
• Pat O'Brien as Agent Mulligan
• Nehemiah Persoff as "Little Bonaparte", a mobster and leader of the "Friends of Italian Opera Society"
• Joan Shawlee as Sweet Sue, the bandleader of "Sweet Sue and Her Society Syncopators"
• Dave Barry as Mister Bienstock, the band manager for "Sweet Sue and Her Society Syncopators"
• Billy Gray as Sig Poliakoff, Joe and Jerry's agent in Chicago
• Barbara Drew as Nellie Weinmeyer, Poliakoff's secretary
• George E. Stone as "Toothpick" Charlie, a gangster who is killed by "Spats" Colombo
• Mike Mazurki as Spats's henchman
• Harry Wilson as Spats's henchman
• Edward G. Robinson Jr. as Johnny Paradise, a gangster who kills "Spats" Colombo
• Beverly Wills as Dolores, a trombone player, and Sugar's apartment friend
• Al Breneman as the bellboy (uncredited)

Soundtrack

The soundtrack features four songs performed by Marilyn Monroe, nine songs composed by Adolph Deutsch, and two songs performed by jazz artist Matty Malneck.

Production

Pre-production

Billy Wilder wrote the script for the film with writer I. A. L. Diamond. The plot was based on a screenplay by Robert Thoeren and Michael Logan for the 1935 French film Fanfare of Love. The original script for Fanfare of Love was untraceable, so Walter Mirisch found a copy of the 1951 German remake, Fanfares of Love. He bought the rights to that script, and Wilder worked with this to produce a new story. Both films follow the story of two musicians in search of work, but Wilder created the gangster subplot.

The studio hired female impersonator Barbette to coach Lemmon and Curtis. Monroe worked for 10 percent of the gross in excess of $4 million, Curtis for 5 percent of the gross over $2 million, and Wilder for 17.5 percent of the first million after break-even and 20 percent thereafter.

Casting

Tony Curtis was spotted by Billy Wilder while he was making the film Houdini (1953), and he thought Curtis would be perfect for the role of Joe. "I was sure Tony was right for it", said Wilder, "because he was quite handsome, and when he tells Marilyn that he is one of the Shell Oil family, she has to be able to believe it". Wilder's first idea for the role of Jerry was Frank Sinatra, but he did not come to the audition. Jerry Lewis and Danny Kaye were also considered for the role of Jerry. Finally, Wilder saw Lemmon in the comedy Operation Mad Ball and selected him for the part. Wilder and Lemmon would go on to make numerous films together, including The Apartment and several films which also included Walter Matthau.

According to York Film Notes, Wilder and Diamond did not expect a star as big as Marilyn Monroe to take the part of Sugar. "Mitzi Gaynor was who we had in mind", Wilder said. "The word came that Marilyn wanted the part and then we had to have Marilyn." Wilder and Monroe had previously worked together on The Seven Year Itch in 1955.

It was George Raft's first "A" picture in a number of years.

Filming

The film was made in California during the summer and autumn of 1958. AFI reported the production dates between early August and November 12, 1958, at Samuel Goldwyn Studios. Many scenes were shot at Hotel del Coronado in Coronado, California, which appeared as the "Seminole Ritz Hotel" in Miami in the film, as it fit into the era of the 1920s and was near Hollywood. The Mirisch Company was the film's presenter, and producer Walter Mirisch employed several crew members from his home base, the Allied Artists studio.

During filming, Monroe lacked concentration and suffered from an addiction to pills. She was constantly late to set, and could not memorize many of her lines, averaging 35–40 takes for a single line according to Tony Curtis. The line "It's me, Sugar" took 47 takes to get correct because Monroe kept getting the word order wrong, saying either "Sugar, it's me" or "It's Sugar, me". Curtis and Lemmon made bets during the filming on how many takes she would need to get it right. Three days were scheduled for shooting the scene with Shell Jr. and Sugar at the beach, as Monroe had many complicated lines, but the scene was finished in only 20 minutes. Monroe's acting coach Paula Strasberg and Monroe's husband Arthur Miller both tried to influence the production, which Wilder and other crew members found annoying.

Wilder spoke in 1959 about making another film with Monroe: "I have discussed this with my doctor and my psychiatrist and they tell me I'm too old and too rich to go through this again." But Wilder also admitted: "My Aunt Minnie would always be punctual and never hold up production, but who would pay to see my Aunt Minnie?" He also stated that Monroe played her part wonderfully. Years later, Wilder noted "I think there are more books on Marilyn Monroe than there are on World War 2, and there's a great similarity."

The film's closing line, "Well, nobody's perfect", is ranked 78th on The Hollywood Reporter list of Hollywood's 100 Favorite Movie Lines, but it was never supposed to be in the final cut. Diamond and Wilder put it in the script as a "placeholder" until they could come up with something better, but they never did. Wilder's tombstone pays homage to the line by reading, "I'm a writer, but then, nobody's perfect". In 2000, The Guardian ranked the closing scene at No. 10 on their list of "The top 100 film moments".

Style

With regard to sound design, there is a "strong musical element" in the film, with the soundtrack created by Adolph Deutsch. It has an authentic 1920s jazz feel using sharp, brassy strings to create tension in certain moments, for example whenever Spats's gangsters appear. In terms of cinematography and aesthetics, Wilder chose to shoot the film in black and white as Lemmon and Curtis in full drag costume and make-up looked "unacceptably grotesque" in early color tests. Despite Monroe's contract requiring the film to be in color, she agreed to it being filmed in black and white after seeing that Curtis and Lemmon's makeup gave them a "ghoulish" appearance on color film. Orry-Kelly created the costumes for Monroe as well as Lemmon and Curtis, after the stock costumes the studio provided for the male leads fit poorly.

Reception

Box office

By 1962, Some Like It Hot had grossed $14 million in the US. According to The Numbers, the film ultimately grossed $25 million in the US. As of 2020, it had grossed over $83.2 million internationally.

The film opened in the week ended March 24, 1959, in several cities in the United States; the highest grossing of which were in Chicago, where it grossed $45,000 at the United Artists Theatre with Monroe making an appearance, and in Washington, D.C., where it grossed $40,000 at the Capitol Theatre. With results from just six key cities, Variety listed it as the third highest-grossing film in the United States for the week.

The film then expanded to 100 theatres around the country for the Easter holiday, including at the newly renovated State Theatre in New York City on Sunday, March 29, 1959, and became number one in the country and remained there for three weeks before being knocked off the top by Imitation of Life. Imitation of Life was top for two weeks before being replaced again by Some Like It Hot, which remained there for another four weeks before being replaced by Pork Chop Hill. In its first month, the film grossed $2,585,120 from 96 engagements.

Retrospective appraisal

Some Like It Hot received widespread acclaim from critics and is considered among the best films of all time. On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, 95% of 73 critics have given the film a positive review, with an average rating of 9.1/10. The website's critical consensus calls it "a spry, quick-witted farce that never drags." According to Metacritic, another review aggregator which calculated a weighted average score of 98 out of 100 based on 19 critics, the film received "universal acclaim". The Chicago Sun-Times's Roger Ebert wrote: "Wilder's 1959 comedy is one of the enduring treasures of the movies, a film of inspiration and meticulous craft." Ebert gave the film four stars out of four and included it in his Great Movies list. John McCarten of The New Yorker referred to the film as "a jolly, carefree enterprise". Richard Roud, writing for The Guardian in 1967, called it "close to perfection".

In 1989, the film became one of the first 25 inducted into the United States National Film Registry. In 1998, the film was ranked at No. 7 in Time Out's poll of "Top 100 Films". In 1999, Entertainment Weekly voted it at No. 9 on their list of "100 Greatest Movies of All Time".

Some Like It Hot was voted as the top American comedy film by the American Film Institute on their list on AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs poll in 2000, and was selected as the best comedy of all time in a poll of 253 film critics from 52 countries conducted by the BBC in 2017. In 2005, the British Film Institute included this film on its list of "Top fifty films for children up to the age of 14". The 2022 Sight & Sound critics' poll ranked it as the 38th greatest film of all time, tied with Rear Window and a bout de souffle. The 2022 Sight & Sound directors' poll ranked it 62nd, tied with nine other films. In the earlier 2012 Sight & Sound polls, it was ranked the 42nd-greatest film ever made in the critics' poll and 37th in the directors' poll. The 2002 Sight & Sound polls the film ranked 37th among critics and 24th among directors. In 2010, The Guardian considered it the third-best comedy film of all time. In 2015, the film ranked 30th on BBC's "100 Greatest American Films" list, voted on by film critics from around the world. It was included in The New York Times's "The Best 1,000 Movies Ever Made" list in 2002. In 2005, it was included on Time's All-Time 100 best movies list. The film was voted at No. 52 on the list of "100 Greatest Films" by the French film magazine Cahiers du Cinéma in 2008. In July 2018, it was screened in the Venice Classics section at the 75th Venice International Film Festival.

According to film historian Foster Hirsch, during a screening of the film at Grauman’s Chinese Theatre in March 1959, “Joe E. Brown’s nonchalant delivery of the final line elicited the loudest, deepest, heartiest laughter I have ever heard in a theater...recognizing a perfectly timed one-liner for the ages, a thousand spectators roared in unified delight.”

Awards and nominations

The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists:

• 1998: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies – No. 14
• 2000: AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs – No. 1
• 2005: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes:
  • Osgood Fielding III: "Well, nobody's perfect." – No. 48
• 2007: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) – No. 22

The film was inducted in 1989 into the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress. The Writers Guild of America ranked the film's screenplay the ninth greatest ever written.

Adaptations

An unsold television pilot was filmed by Mirisch Productions in 1961 featuring Vic Damone and Tina Louise. As a favor to the production company, Jack Lemmon and Tony Curtis agreed to film cameo appearances, returning as their original characters, Daphne and Josephine, at the beginning of the pilot. Their appearance sees them in a hospital where Jerry (Lemmon) is being treated for his impacted back tooth and Joe (Curtis) is the same O blood type.

In 1975 a Bollywood remake was released as Rafoo Chakkar.

A 1984 stage production at the Claridge Hotel & Casino in Atlantic City, New Jersey, starred Joe Namath as Joe.

A 1991 stage production of this show in London featured Tommy Steele and retained the film's title.

Tony Curtis, then in his late 70s, performed in a 2002 stage production of the film, this time cast as Osgood Fielding III, the character originally played by Joe E. Brown.

Broadway

The 1972 musical Sugar, based on the film screenplay, opened on Broadway starring Elaine Joyce, Robert Morse, Tony Roberts, and Cyril Ritchard, with book by Peter Stone, lyrics by Bob Merrill, and (all-new) music by Jule Styne.

On January 5, 2019, Marc Shaiman and Scott Wittman confirmed they were writing the music and lyrics for a new adaptation in an interview with Graham Norton on BBC Radio 2. The version had aimed for a Broadway production in 2020, but was delayed by the COVID-19 pandemic. On April 20, 2022, the production was confirmed to star Christian Borle at the Shubert Theatre with previews beginning November 1, 2022, with music by Shaiman, music and lyrics by Shaiman and Wittman, and book by Matthew Lopez and Amber Ruffin. The Broadway production went on to win four Tony Awards at the 76th annual ceremony in 2023: Casey Nicholaw for Best Choreography, Charlie Rosen & Bryan Carter for Best Orchestrations, Gregg Barnes for Best Costume Design of a Musical, and J. Harrison Ghee for Best Leading Actor in a Musical. Ghee was the first openly non-binary actor to be both nominated for and to win a Tony Award, along with Alex Newell, who won for their role in Shucked.

See also

• Cross-dressing in film and television
• List of American films of 1959
• List of cult films
• List of films considered the best

Notes

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References

• Hirsch, Foster. 2023. Hollywood and the Movies of the Fifties. Alfred A. Knopf, New York. ISBN 978-0307958921

Further reading

• Curtis, Tony (2009). The Making of Some Like It Hot. Wiley & Sons. Hoboken NJ. ISBN 978-0-470-53721-3.
• Maslon, Laurence (2009). Some Like It Hot: The Official 50th Anniversary Companion. New York, HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-176123-2.

External links

• Some Like It Hot essay by David Eldridge at National Film Registry
• Some Like It Hot essay by Danel Eagan in America's Film Legacy: The Authoritative Guide to the Landmark Movies in the National Film Registry, A&C Black, 2010 ISBN 0826429777, pp. 552–553
• Some Like It Hot at IMDb
• Some Like It Hot at the AFI Catalog of Feature Films
• Some Like It Hot at the TCM Movie Database
• Some Like It Hot at Rotten Tomatoes
• Roger Ebert's review of Some Like It Hot
• Roger Hall's review of Adolph Deutsch's film score for Some Like It Hot Archived April 13, 2019, at the Wayback Machine
• Some Like It Hot (1959) at Virtual History
• Some Like It Hot: How to Have Fun an essay by Sam Wasson at the Criterion Collection

• 1959 films
• American gangster films
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