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Paint

Paint on Windows 11, with the Layers and Cocreator panel open on the side
Other names	Paintbrush (1985–1995)
Developer(s)	Microsoft
Stable release	11.2404.1020.0 / June 25, 2024; 6 months ago (2024-06-25)
Operating system	Microsoft Windows
Platform	IA-32, x86-64, and ARM (historically Itanium, DEC Alpha, MIPS, and PowerPC)
Included with	All Microsoft Windows versions
Type	Raster graphics editor
Website	microsoft.com/windows/paint

Microsoft Paint (commonly known as MS Paint or Paint for short) is a simple raster graphics editor that has been included with all versions of Microsoft Windows. The program opens, modifies and saves image files in Windows bitmap (BMP), JPEG, GIF, PNG, and single-page TIFF formats. The program can be in color mode or two-color black-and-white, but there is no grayscale mode. For its simplicity and wide availability, it rapidly became one of the most used Windows applications, introducing many to painting on a computer for the first time.

In July 2017, Microsoft added Paint to the list of deprecated features of Windows 10 and announced that it had become a free standalone application in Microsoft Store, with Paint 3D as its replacement. However, as a result of public demand from users, Paint has continued to be included with Windows 10 and even Windows 11, with Microsoft instead deprecating Paint 3D. Windows 11 also includes an updated version of Paint in later versions that added, among others updates, a revamped UI and dark mode support.

History

Paint was initially programmed, licensed and adapted from PC Paintbrush made by ZSoft, by Dan McCabe at Microsoft for Windows 1.0, released in late 1985. PC Paintbrush had been previously licensed and published with the Microsoft Mouse DOS drivers from version 4 (circa 1985), to compete with Mouse Systems publishing PCPaint with its own mice in 1984. PC Paintbrush’s inclusion in version 4 of the DOS drivers replaced the previously included Microsoft bitmap color editing application “Doodle,” released in 1983 with the first version of the Microsoft Mouse drivers. With improved functionality over Doodle, it competed successfully against PCPaint and Mouse Systems. Paint included with the first version of Windows, Windows 1.0 in November 1985, had 24 tools and could read and write files in the proprietary "MSP" format drawn in monochrome graphics. Aside from "pencil" and "shape" tools and a brush that draws in 24 "brush shapes and patterns", the toolset also contained two features unique for the time: one the ability to draw Bézier curves and the other that forces lines to be drawn on three angles to create an isometric three-quarter perspective. Paintbrush can only read MSP files; Microsoft has since deprecated the MSP format, repurposing the MSP extension for the Windows Installer Package format.

Paint was later superseded by Paintbrush in Windows 3.0, with a redesigned user interface, true color support, and support for the BMP and PCX file formats. This version was also based on a newer licensed version of PC Paintbrush by ZSoft.

Windows 9x

Microsoft shipped an updated version of Paint with Windows 95 and Windows NT 4.0. At this point Microsoft began updating the source code entirely from scratch, and did not license any further code or versions of PC Paintbrush. This version allows saving and loading a custom set of color wells as color palette (.pal) files. This functionality only works correctly if the color depth of images is 16-bits per pixel (bpp) or higher. Later versions of Paint do not support this feature.

In Windows 95–98, Windows 2000 and Windows Me, Paint can open JPEG, GIF and 48-bit (16-bpp) TIF images and save images in JPEG and GIF formats when appropriate graphics filters are installed. Such plug-ins are included with Microsoft Office and Microsoft PhotoDraw. This also allows Paint to use transparent backgrounds. Support for PCX files was dropped. Starting with Windows Me, the canvas size expands automatically when larger images are opened or pasted instead of asking like in previous versions of Windows.

Windows XP and Vista

In Windows XP and later, Paint uses GDI+ and therefore can natively save images as BMP, JPEG, GIF, TIFF and PNG without requiring additional graphics filters. Support for saving and loading custom color palettes was dropped.

In Windows Vista, the toolbar icons were updated and the default color palette was changed. Paint in Windows Vista can undo a change up to 10 times, compared to 3 in previous versions; it also includes a slider for image magnification and a crop function. This version saves in JPEG format by default.

Windows 7 and 8.x

The version of Paint in Windows 7 and later features a ribbon in its user interface. It also features "artistic" brushes composed of varying shades of gray and some degree of transparency that give a more realistic result. To add to the realism, the oil and watercolor brushes can only paint for a small distance before the user must re-click (this gives the illusion that the paintbrush has run out of paint). In addition, Paint can now undo up to 50 subsequent changes. It also has anti-aliased shapes, which can be resized freely until they are rasterized when another tool is selected. This version supports viewing (but not saving) transparent PNG and ICO file formats and saves files in the .png file format by default.

Text can now be pasted into text boxes that don't have enough room to display the text. A text box can then be enlarged or reshaped appropriately to fit the text if desired. Previous versions of Paint would display an error message if a user tried to paste more text than there was room for.

The Windows 8 version of Paint mostly corrects a long-standing defect from previous versions involving the inability to scroll the window when editing in Zoom view over 100%. However, when the user inserts text in Zoom view, they cannot move the text beyond the zoomed viewport while the text window is in edit mode with either the mouse or keyboard.

Windows 10

In the April 2017 "Creators Update" for Windows 10, Microsoft released Paint 3D alongside Paint. In addition to the traditional two-dimensional drawing tools, Paint 3D can import and manipulate three-dimensional models. Three months later, on July 23, 2017, Microsoft added Paint to the list of deprecated Windows features. The next day, in the wake of "an incredible outpouring of support and nostalgia", Microsoft clarified that Paint would become a free app on Microsoft Store, even though Paint 3D offers the same functionality.

Despite the deprecation, Paint continues to be a part of all versions of Windows 10 up to version 22H2. The closest that Microsoft ever got to enacting said decision was adding a removal notice to Paint's user interface in Windows 10 versions 1803 and 1809.

In March 2021, with the release of Windows 10 Insider build 21332 to the Dev Channel, Microsoft removed Paint 3D from clean installations of the build, in addition to the 3D Objects app. In April 2021, Microsoft released Windows 10 Insider build 21354, which made Paint (along with Snipping Tool) updatable from the Microsoft Store. It had also been moved from the Windows Accessories folder of the Start menu to its own section.

Windows 11

In August 2021, Microsoft teased an updated version of Paint for Windows 11, featuring a refreshed user interface (UI), improved font picker, and a dark theme. This newly updated version of Paint was released with Windows 11 Insider build 22468 in September 2021, and was officially released as part of the Windows 11 2022 Update in September 2022. In September 2023, Microsoft released an update that added layers, support for transparent PNG files, AI art generator and other AI tools and a background removal tool.

Despite new features being added into Paint in Windows 11, some older features have disappeared. Paint in Windows 11 also automatically anti-aliases all fonts that are inputted using the "Text" feature, even those that are aliased by design, such as Courier New. Smaller images are also harder to manipulate and work with in newer versions of Paint, as it automatically blurs images when they are resized or re-copied. This is especially noticeable when working with video game sprites and pixel art. These issues are due to interpolation algorithms that Paint is using, according to Microsoft.

Features

Paint has a few functions not mentioned in the help file: a stamp mode, trail mode, regular shapes, and moving pictures. For the stamp mode, the user can select a part of the image, hold the Ctrl key, and move it to another part of the canvas. This, instead of cutting the piece out, creates a copy of it. The process can be repeated as many times as desired, as long as the Ctrl key is held down. The trail mode works exactly the same, but it uses the ⇧ Shift instead of the Ctrl key.

It is also possible to thicken or thin a line either before or simultaneously while it is being drawn via Ctrl++ (NumPad only) or Ctrl+- (NumPad only).

To crop whitespace or eliminate parts of a graphic, the blue handle in the lower right corner can be dragged to increase canvas size or crop a graphic. Users can also draw perfect shapes (which have a width equal to the height) using any shape tool by holding down the ⇧ Shift while dragging.

Older versions of Paint, such as the one bundled with Windows 3.1, featured a color-replace brush, which replaced a single color underneath the brush with another without affecting the rest of the image. In later versions of Paint, the color erase brush was removed as an option, however it can still be simulated by selecting the color to be replaced as the primary color, and the one it is replaced with as the secondary color, and then right-click dragging the erase tool.

Support for indexed palettes

By default, almost all versions of Paint are generally unable to properly downgrade created images to indexed palettes using fewer than 24 bits per pixel. When saving an image in a format that uses indexed palettes with fewer than 24 bits per pixel, a warning message appears about the loss of quality. Paint does not utilize binary, color or grayscale dithering or palette optimization, and the image will be saved with usually irreversibly scrambled colors.

Paint is nonetheless able to correctly load and save indexed palettes in any of the supported formats if an image is opened as an 8-bit or otherwise indexed palette image. In that case, the image's palette is preserved when saving. However, there is no way to see the actual palette; color choices for brushes, text, and erasers as well as user-defined colors will be limited to the closest available color in the indexed palette.

See also

Bundled Paint equivalents on other OSes

• Deluxe Paint, for Amiga
• KolourPaint, for KDE
• MacPaint, for Macintosh
• Pinta, for GNOME
• Pocket Paint, for Windows CE

Misc.

• Comparison of raster graphics editors
• Microsoft Fresh Paint
• GIMP
• Pixel art, a form of digital art

References

1. ^ Warren, Tom (August 18, 2021). "Microsoft's new Paint redesign for Windows 11 includes a dark mode". The Verge. Vox Media. Archived from the original on August 19, 2021. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
2. Davison, Patrick (December 16, 2014). "Because of the Pixels: On the History, Form, and Influence of MS Paint". Journal of Visual Culture. 13 (3): 280. doi:10.1177/1470412914544539. S2CID 61640546.
3. Smith, Ernie (November 15, 2021). "10 Image File Formats That Time Forgot". Vice. Archived from the original on March 10, 2022. Retrieved March 10, 2022.
4. "Problems Using Saved Colors with 256-Color Bitmap". Support. Microsoft. November 15, 2006. Archived from the original on January 12, 2009. Retrieved February 22, 2015.
5. "Want MS Paint version from Windows 98". Community. Microsoft. January 14, 2011. Archived from the original on October 27, 2016. Retrieved October 27, 2016.
6. "Transparency in MS Paint". 3D Realms. October 9, 2009. Archived from the original on October 27, 2016. Retrieved October 27, 2016.
7. "Paint Tool in Windows 98 Does Not Support .pcx Files". Support. Microsoft. January 23, 2017. Archived from the original on May 5, 2007. Retrieved December 6, 2014.
8. "Error message when you use Paint to open a 48-bit TIFF image file on a Windows XP-based computer". Support. Microsoft. May 23, 2006. Archived from the original on October 23, 2007. Retrieved November 20, 2013.
9. "I have windows Vista. Paint by default used to save as a bitmap file, but now after an update by default it saves as a JPEG file". Community. Microsoft. November 24, 2009. Archived from the original on December 9, 2014. Retrieved December 6, 2014.
10. Rivera, Rafael (September 16, 2008). "Short: Ribbon implemented in Windows "7" Paint". Archived from the original on September 21, 2008. Retrieved May 2, 2009.
11. Warren, Tom (October 7, 2016). "Microsoft's redesigned Paint app for Windows 10 looks awesome". The Verge. Vox Media. Archived from the original on May 24, 2024. Retrieved July 25, 2017.
12. Hardawar, Devindra (March 29, 2017). "Microsoft's Windows 10 Creators Update lives up to its name". Engadget. AOL. Retrieved July 25, 2017.
13. Gartenberg, Chaim (July 24, 2017). "Microsoft Paint is getting killed off in the Windows 10 Fall Creators Update". The Verge. Vox Media. Archived from the original on May 24, 2024. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
14. Saunders, Megan (July 24, 2017). "MS Paint is here to stay". Windows Blog. Microsoft. Archived from the original on August 5, 2017. Retrieved July 24, 2017.
15. Warren, Tom (July 25, 2017). "Microsoft Paint isn't dead yet, will live in the Windows Store for free". The Verge. Vox Media. Archived from the original on July 30, 2017. Retrieved July 25, 2017.
16. Warren, Tom (April 23, 2019). "Microsoft Paint to remain part of Windows 10 after all". The Verge. Vox Media.
17. Woods, Rich (March 10, 2021). "Windows 10 build 21332 removes 3D Viewer and Paint 3D on clean installs". Neowin.
18. Tung, Liam. "Windows 10: Paint and Snipping Tool now update from the Microsoft Store". ZDNet. Archived from the original on April 11, 2021. Retrieved April 11, 2021.
19. Blog, Windows Insider (April 7, 2021). "Announcing Windows 10 Insider Preview Build 21354". Windows Insider Blog. Archived from the original on April 11, 2021. Retrieved April 11, 2021.
20. Benedetto, Antonio G. Di (September 18, 2023). "Microsoft Paint is finally adding some of Photoshop's best features". The Verge. Retrieved September 21, 2023.
21. Mehdi, Yusuf (September 21, 2023). "Announcing Microsoft Copilot, your everyday AI companion". The Official Microsoft Blog. Archived from the original on September 21, 2023. Retrieved September 21, 2023.
22. "How to Rremove Background from image in Paint". January 21, 2024. Archived from the original on January 21, 2024. Retrieved January 21, 2024.
23. Ras, Amber (September 25, 2023). "Windows 11 Paint is making text slightly transparent - Microsoft Community". Microsoft Community. Retrieved August 3, 2024.
24. MSFT, Brandon (October 30, 2023). "Why does resizing my pixel art in Microsoft Paint result in a blurry - Microsoft Community". Microsoft Community. Retrieved August 3, 2024.
25. "MS Paint Tricks". Archived from the original on October 12, 2007. Retrieved July 30, 2008.
26. "Windows 7 Paint: How exactly do I create custom colors AND use them". answers.microsoft.com. Archived from the original on February 10, 2021. Retrieved February 3, 2021.

v t e Raster graphics editors
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Proprietary	Freeware Adobe Photoshop Express AndreaMosaic Artweaver Brush Strokes Image Editor Chasys Draw IES Fatpaint Fresh Paint Microsoft Photos FastStone Image Viewer Fotografix IrfanView Paint 3D paint.net Photopea PhotoScape Pixia Windows Photo Gallery XnView Commercial ACD Canvas ACDSee Acorn Adobe Photoshop Adobe Photoshop Album Adobe Photoshop Elements Adobe Photoshop Lightroom Affinity Photo Aldus PhotoStyler Aperture Artipic ArtRage Bibble Barco Creator Brilliance Clip Studio Paint CodedColor PhotoStudio Pro Corel Painter Essentials Corel Painter Corel Photo-Paint Dazzle Draw Deluxe Paint Deluxe Paint Animation Erdas Imagine GraphicConverter HDR PhotoStudio Helicon Filter Kid Pix KoalaPainter LiveQuartz LView Pro MacPaint Microsoft Digital Image NEOchrome NeoPaint OCP Art Studio OpenCanvas PC Paintbrush PCPaint PaintShop Pro Paint Tool SAI Photo Mechanic Photo Raster PhotoImpression PhotoLine Photon Paint PhotoPerfect PicMaster Picnik Pixelmator PMview Portrait Professional Procreate Project Dogwaffle QFX Quantel Paintbox Retouch4me Serif PhotoPlus SilverFast HDR Sketchbook SuperPaint TVPaint Ulead PhotoImpact Xara Photo & Graphic Designer Zoner Photo Studio Bundled Ability Photopaint Microsoft Photo Editor Microsoft Office Picture Manager Microsoft Paint Photos (Windows)
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