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| {{Short description|Yiddish term meaning beggar or sponger}} | {{Short description|Yiddish term meaning beggar or sponger}} | ||
| {{For|the WWII pilot with a similar name|Karl Schnörrer}} | {{For|the WWII pilot with a similar name|Karl Schnörrer}} | ||
| {{original research|date=September 2019}} | |||
| {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}} | ||
| ] |
]" Manasseh da Costa and his sidekick Yankele]] | ||
| '''''Schnorrer''''' (]; also spelled '''''shnorrer''''') is a ] pejorative term for a ] who, unlike ordinary beggars, presents himself as respectable and feels entitled for the ] received.<ref name="schnorrer encyclopedia">{{cite web |last1=Jacobs |first1=Joseph |last2=Eisentein |first2=Judah David |title=Schnorrer |url=https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/13293-schnorrer |website=] |access-date=19 June 2024}}</ref> | |||
| ⚫ | ==Historical== | ||
| '''''Schnorrer''''' (]; also spelled '''''shnorrer''''') is a ] term meaning "]" or "sponger".<ref>''jewishencyclopedia.com'' – | |||
| ⚫ | A large number of beggars resulted in ] after ], when many homes were destroyed. Schnorrers begged for themselves, for the ] of poor brides (Hakhnasat Kallah), or for the restoration of a house that had burned down.<ref name="virtual library">{{cite web |title=Begging and Beggars |url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/begging-and-beggars |website=] |publisher=American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise |access-date=19 June 2024}}</ref> This practice was allowed even when it disrupted the public study of the ].{{Citation needed|date=June 2024}} | ||
| {{cite web | |||
| |url=http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=S&artid=344 | |||
| |title=Schnorrer | |||
| |accessdate=24 June 2009 | |||
| }} | |||
| </ref> | |||
| Rabbi ] was described as the "international schnorrer" for his calls for philanthropy in many countries he visited.<ref name="hildesheimer">{{cite web |last1=Singer |first1=Isidore |last2=Schloessinger |first2=Max |title=HILDESHEIMER, ISRAEL (AZRIEL) |url=https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/7693-hildesheimer-israel-azriel |website=] |access-date=19 June 2024}}</ref> | |||
| ==English language usage== | |||
| The ] usage of the word denotes a sly ] who will get money out of his acquaintances any way he can, often through an air of entitlement. A ''schnorrer'' is distinguished from an ordinary beggar by dint of his boundless ]. Like "]", "schnorrer" does not apply to direct ] or destitution, but rather a habit of getting things (food, tools) by politely or insistently borrowing them with no intention of return.{{cn|date=January 2022}} | |||
| Milton Hindus, commenting on the ] '']'', wrote that the Jews did not regard outcasts as failures, and assumed social responsibility for them. "Properly exploited by a fertile intelligence like Menasseh’s, this attitude enables the ostensible mendicant to become the actual master in the eleemosynary relationship."<ref name=mihi>Milton Hindus, "", '']'', March 1954</ref> | |||
| ⚫ | ==Historical== | ||
| ⚫ | A |
||
| ==Jewish humor== | ==Jewish humor== | ||
| Schnorrers |
Schnorrers are a common butt of ], depicting his living off his wits and his dignified entitlement to handouts.<ref name=tjc/> | ||
| ⚫ | |||
| A schnorrer comes to a wealthy businessman and asks for handout. "Have a pity for a poor shoemaker whose family is starving". - "But aren't we the one who asked for alms from me last week presenting yourselves as a carpenter?" - "So true, who can in these bad times support himself from just one job?"<ref> |
(One of many variants) A schnorrer comes to a wealthy businessman and asks for a handout. "Have a pity for a poor shoemaker whose family is starving". - "But aren't we the one who asked for alms from me last week presenting yourselves as a carpenter?" - "So true, who can in these bad times support himself from just one job?"<ref>Payson R. Stevens, Sol Steinmetz, ''Meshuggenary. Celebrating the World of Yiddish'', 2002, </ref><ref name="targets">{{cite web |last1=Abrami |first1=Leo M. |title=The Targets of Jewish Humor |url=https://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/the-targets-of-jewish-humor/ |website=My Jewish Learning |access-date=19 June 2024}}</ref> | ||
| </blockquote> | |||
| Moishe the shnorrer is outraged to hear that his wealthy patron has halved his annual allowance. The donor apologetically explains that his son has married a woman of expensive tastes and he, the father, must foot the bill. "He can marry who he wants", retorts the shnorrer. "Just not with my money".<ref name=tjc>, '']''</ref> | |||
| ] in his 1905 joke collection '']'' (its 1905 translation is in ] now together with the original) gives the following interpretation of a shnorrer's entitlement. | |||
| ⚫ | {{blockquote| | ||
| :The Schnorrer begged the Baron for some money for a journey to ]; his doctor had recommended sea-bathing for his troubles. The Baron thought Ostend was a particularly expensive resort; a cheaper one would do equally well. The Schnorrer, however, rejected the proposal with the words: "Herr Baron, I consider nothing too expensive for my health." | |||
| This is an excellent displacement joke which we might have | |||
| taken as a model for that class. The Baron evidently wants to save his money, but the Schnorrer answers | |||
| as though the Baron’s money was his own, which he may then quite well value less than his health. Here | |||
| we are expected to laugh at the impertinence of the demand; but it is rarely that these jokes are not | |||
| equipped with a façade to mislead the understanding. The truth that lies behind is that the Schnorrer, who | |||
| in his thoughts treats the rich man’s money as his own, has actually, according to the [[Tzedakah|sacred ordinances of | |||
| the Jews]], almost a right to make this confusion. The indignation raised by this joke is of course directed | |||
| against a Law which is highly oppressive even to pious people. | |||
| Here is another anecdote: | |||
| :A Schnorrer on his way up a rich man’s staircase met a fellow member of his profession, who advised him to go no further. "Don’t go up to-day," he said, "the Baron is in a bad mood to-day; he’s giving nobodymore than one ]." - "I’II go up all the same", said the first Schnorrer "Why should I give him a florin? Does he give me anything?" | |||
| This joke employs the technique of absurdity since it makes the Schnorrer assert that the Baron gives him nothing at the very moment at which he is preparing to beg him for a gift. But the absurdity is only apparent. It is almost true that the rich man gives him nothing since he is obliged by the Law to give him alms and should, strictly speaking, be grateful to him for giving him an opportunity for beneficence. The ordinary, middle-class view of charity is in conflict here with the religious one;...}} | |||
| == In film and literature == | == In film and literature == | ||
| *]'s 1894 ] '']'' | *]'s 1894 ] '']'' | ||
| **] wrote a musical comedy based on Zangwill's novel, which |
**] wrote a musical comedy based on Zangwill's novel, which ran on Broadway for a short time in 1979. | ||
| ⚫ | *The comedian ] often poked fun at the stereotype of ]s as schnorrers.{{cn|date=February 2022}} | ||
| *The song ], which appears in both the Broadway play and movie versions of ] contains the lyric, "Did someone call me Schnorrer?" | |||
| ⚫ | *] in Season 1 of '']'' often refers to himself as a "schnorrer," going to ] homes to eat their home cooking, commonly that of ]. He defines a "schnorrer" as "Somebody who always shows up in time for free grub." He attributes this language to growing up in ], NY, among many Jewish people.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Dalzell|first=Tom|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qX5aDwAAQBAJ&dq=father+phil+sopranos+schnorrer&pg=RA7-PA2001|title=The Routledge Dictionary of Modern American Slang and Unconventional English|date=2018-05-11|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-351-76520-6|language=en}}</ref> | ||
| ⚫ | *The comedian ] often |
||
| ⚫ | *] in Season 1 of ] often refers to himself as a "schnorrer," going to ] homes to eat their home cooking, commonly |
||
| *] in season 11 episode 08 of '']'', ] asks Seinfeld what he thinks is the funniest Jewish word, and Seinfeld responds, "It might be 'schnorrer', which he defines as “someone who picks the cashews out of the mixed nuts.” | |||
| *] tells ] he should chip in for a private plane to avoid being considered a schnorrer in season 10 episode 04 of '']''. | |||
| == References == | == References == | ||
Latest revision as of 11:03, 27 September 2024
Yiddish term meaning beggar or sponger For the WWII pilot with a similar name, see Karl Schnörrer.
Schnorrer (שנאָרער; also spelled shnorrer) is a Yiddish pejorative term for a beggar who, unlike ordinary beggars, presents himself as respectable and feels entitled for the alms received.
Historical
A large number of beggars resulted in Poland after Chmielnicki's pogroms, when many homes were destroyed. Schnorrers begged for themselves, for the dowries of poor brides (Hakhnasat Kallah), or for the restoration of a house that had burned down. This practice was allowed even when it disrupted the public study of the Torah.
Rabbi Azriel Hildesheimer was described as the "international schnorrer" for his calls for philanthropy in many countries he visited.
Milton Hindus, commenting on the picaresque novel The King of Schnorrers, wrote that the Jews did not regard outcasts as failures, and assumed social responsibility for them. "Properly exploited by a fertile intelligence like Menasseh’s, this attitude enables the ostensible mendicant to become the actual master in the eleemosynary relationship."
Jewish humor
Schnorrers are a common butt of Jewish jokes, depicting his living off his wits and his dignified entitlement to handouts.
(One of many variants) A schnorrer comes to a wealthy businessman and asks for a handout. "Have a pity for a poor shoemaker whose family is starving". - "But aren't we the one who asked for alms from me last week presenting yourselves as a carpenter?" - "So true, who can in these bad times support himself from just one job?"
Moishe the shnorrer is outraged to hear that his wealthy patron has halved his annual allowance. The donor apologetically explains that his son has married a woman of expensive tastes and he, the father, must foot the bill. "He can marry who he wants", retorts the shnorrer. "Just not with my money".
Sigmund Freud in his 1905 joke collection Jokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious (its 1905 translation is in public domain now together with the original) gives the following interpretation of a shnorrer's entitlement.
- The Schnorrer begged the Baron for some money for a journey to Ostend; his doctor had recommended sea-bathing for his troubles. The Baron thought Ostend was a particularly expensive resort; a cheaper one would do equally well. The Schnorrer, however, rejected the proposal with the words: "Herr Baron, I consider nothing too expensive for my health."
This is an excellent displacement joke which we might have taken as a model for that class. The Baron evidently wants to save his money, but the Schnorrer answers as though the Baron’s money was his own, which he may then quite well value less than his health. Here we are expected to laugh at the impertinence of the demand; but it is rarely that these jokes are not equipped with a façade to mislead the understanding. The truth that lies behind is that the Schnorrer, who in his thoughts treats the rich man’s money as his own, has actually, according to the sacred ordinances of the Jews, almost a right to make this confusion. The indignation raised by this joke is of course directed against a Law which is highly oppressive even to pious people.
Here is another anecdote:
- A Schnorrer on his way up a rich man’s staircase met a fellow member of his profession, who advised him to go no further. "Don’t go up to-day," he said, "the Baron is in a bad mood to-day; he’s giving nobodymore than one florin." - "I’II go up all the same", said the first Schnorrer "Why should I give him a florin? Does he give me anything?"
This joke employs the technique of absurdity since it makes the Schnorrer assert that the Baron gives him nothing at the very moment at which he is preparing to beg him for a gift. But the absurdity is only apparent. It is almost true that the rich man gives him nothing since he is obliged by the Law to give him alms and should, strictly speaking, be grateful to him for giving him an opportunity for beneficence. The ordinary, middle-class view of charity is in conflict here with the religious one;...
In film and literature
- Israel Zangwill's 1894 picaresque novel The King of Schnorrers
- Bernard Herrmann wrote a musical comedy based on Zangwill's novel, which ran on Broadway for a short time in 1979.
- The comedian Jackie Mason often poked fun at the stereotype of Jews as schnorrers.
- Father Phil in Season 1 of The Sopranos often refers to himself as a "schnorrer," going to parishioner's homes to eat their home cooking, commonly that of Carmela Soprano. He defines a "schnorrer" as "Somebody who always shows up in time for free grub." He attributes this language to growing up in Yonkers, NY, among many Jewish people.
References
- Jacobs, Joseph; Eisentein, Judah David. "Schnorrer". Jewish Encyclopedia. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
- "Begging and Beggars". Jewish Virtual Library. American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
- Singer, Isidore; Schloessinger, Max. "HILDESHEIMER, ISRAEL (AZRIEL)". Jewish Encyclopedia. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
- Milton Hindus, "The King of Schnorrers, by Israel Zangwill", Commentary, March 1954
- ^ Jewish words: Shnorrer, The Jewish Chronicle
- Payson R. Stevens, Sol Steinmetz, Meshuggenary. Celebrating the World of Yiddish, 2002, p.76
- Abrami, Leo M. "The Targets of Jewish Humor". My Jewish Learning. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
- Dalzell, Tom (11 May 2018). The Routledge Dictionary of Modern American Slang and Unconventional English. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-76520-6.