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{{Short description|None}} {{Short description|Medical conditions}}
{{pp-vandalism|small=yes}}
{{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc}} {{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc}}
{{Infobox medical condition (new) {{Infobox medical condition (new)
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Most of the following names for paraphilias, constructed in the nineteenth and especially twentieth centuries from Greek and Latin roots (see ]), are used in medical contexts only. Most of the following names for paraphilias, constructed in the nineteenth and especially twentieth centuries from Greek and Latin roots (see ]), are used in medical contexts only.


{{TOC}} {{Compact TOC}}


== Paraphilias == == Paraphilias ==
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|] |]
|People with ]s.<ref name="Money1984">{{cite journal | last = Money | first = J | year = 1984 | title = Paraphilias: Phenomenology and classification | author-link = John Money | pmid = 6234812 | journal = ] | volume = 38 | issue = 2 | pages = 164–78 | doi = 10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1984.38.2.164 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last = Money | first = J | author-link = John Money |author2=Simcoe KW | year = 1986 | title = Acrotomophilia, sex, and disability: New concepts and case report | journal = Sexuality and Disability | volume = 7 | pages = 43–50 | doi = 10.1007/BF01101829 | issue = 1/2| s2cid = 145239837 }}</ref> |People with ]s.<ref name="Money1984">{{cite journal | last = Money | first = J | year = 1984 | title = Paraphilias: Phenomenology and classification | author-link = John Money | pmid = 6234812 | journal = ] | volume = 38 | issue = 2 | pages = 164–78 | doi = 10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1984.38.2.164 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last = Money | first = J | author-link = John Money |author2=Simcoe KW | year = 1986 | title = Acrotomophilia, sex, and disability: New concepts and case report | journal = Sexuality and Disability | volume = 7 | pages = 43–50 | doi = 10.1007/BF01101829 | issue = 1/2| s2cid = 145239837 }}</ref>
|-
|] (fat fetishism)
|Overweight or obese people.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=HART |first=Kylo-Patrick R. |date=2017-12-22 |title=Fat Fetishism and Feederism on Film |url=https://zenodo.org/record/7854870 |journal=Cultural Intertexts |volume=7/2017 |pages=124–136 |doi=10.5281/ZENODO.7854870}}</ref>
|- |-
|] |]
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|].<ref name="Milner2008" /><ref name = MoneyLamacz1984>{{cite journal | last = Money | first = J | author-link = John Money |author2=Lamacz, M | year = 1984 | title = Gynemimesis and gynemimetophilia: Individual and cross-cultural manifestations of a gender-coping strategy hitherto unnamed | pmid = 6467919 | journal = Comprehensive Psychiatry | volume = 25 | issue = 4 | pages = 392–403 | doi = 10.1016/0010-440X(84)90074-9}}</ref> |].<ref name="Milner2008" /><ref name = MoneyLamacz1984>{{cite journal | last = Money | first = J | author-link = John Money |author2=Lamacz, M | year = 1984 | title = Gynemimesis and gynemimetophilia: Individual and cross-cultural manifestations of a gender-coping strategy hitherto unnamed | pmid = 6467919 | journal = Comprehensive Psychiatry | volume = 25 | issue = 4 | pages = 392–403 | doi = 10.1016/0010-440X(84)90074-9}}</ref>
|- |-
|] |Anililagnia
|Attraction by young men to older women.<ref>{{cite book | last = Theroux | first = Alexander | author-link = Alexander Theroux | year = 2008 | title = Laura Warholic | publisher = Fantagraphics Books | isbn = 978-1-56097-798-8 | page = | title-link = Laura Warholic }}</ref> |Attraction by young men to older women.<ref>{{cite book | last = Theroux | first = Alexander | author-link = Alexander Theroux | year = 2008 | title = Laura Warholic | publisher = Fantagraphics Books | isbn = 978-1-56097-798-8 | page = | title-link = Laura Warholic }}</ref>
|- |-
|Anthropophagolagnia |Anthropophagolagnia
|Raping and then cannibalizing another person.<ref name="sexcrimesandparaphilia3">{{cite book|last=Hickey|first=Eric W.|title=Sex Crimes and Paraphilia | publisher= ] |year=2006|isbn=978-0-13-170350-6 | page = 87}}</ref> |Raping and then cannibalizing another person.<ref name="sexcrimesandparaphilia3">{{cite book|last=Hickey|first=Eric W.|title=Sex Crimes and Paraphilia | publisher= ] |year=2006|isbn=978-0-13-170350-6 | page = 87}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Ingesting human flesh.<ref name="sexcrimesandparaphilia3" />
|- |-
|] |]
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|A sexual fetish that involves people swimming, posing, or even drowning in water. |A sexual fetish that involves people swimming, posing, or even drowning in water.
|- |-
|]/maschalagnia
|]
|Being ]ted or ].<ref name="Money1984" /> |].<ref name="Aggrawal" />
|-
|]
|] or ] of oneself or others.<ref name="Money1984" /><ref>{{cite journal | last = Blanchard | first = R|author2=Hucker SJ | year = 1991 | title = Age, transvestism, bondage, and concurrent paraphilic activities in 117 fatal cases of autoerotic asphyxia | pmid = 1958948 | journal = ] | volume = 159 | issue = 3 | pages = 371–7 | doi = 10.1192/bjp.159.3.371| s2cid = 20137589}}</ref>
|- |-
|] |]
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|The image of oneself in the form of a ].<ref name="Lawrence2009" /> |The image of oneself in the form of a ].<ref name="Lawrence2009" />
|- |-
|]/] |]/vampirism
|The image of oneself in the form of a ].<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = McCully | first1 = R. S. | year = 1964 | title = Vampirism: Historical perspective and underlying process in relation to a case of auto-vampirism | journal = Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease | volume = 139 | issue = 5| pages = 440–451 | doi=10.1097/00005053-196411000-00004| pmid = 14227491 | s2cid = 27907404 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last = Vanden Bergh | first = RL |author2=Kelly JF | year = 1964 | title = Vampirism: A review with new observations | journal = ] | volume = 11 | issue = 5 | pages =543–547 | pmid = 14208658 | doi = 10.1001/archpsyc.1964.01720290085012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last = Prins | first = H | year = 1985 | title = Vampirism—A clinical condition | pmid = 4016482 | journal = ] | volume = 146 | issue = 6| pages = 666–668 | doi = 10.1192/bjp.146.6.666| s2cid = 42514183 }}</ref> Involves ingesting or seeing one's own blood.<ref name="sexcrimesandparaphilia" /> |The image of oneself in the form of a ].<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = McCully | first1 = R. S. | year = 1964 | title = Vampirism: Historical perspective and underlying process in relation to a case of auto-vampirism | journal = Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease | volume = 139 | issue = 5| pages = 440–451 | doi=10.1097/00005053-196411000-00004| pmid = 14227491 | s2cid = 27907404 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last = Vanden Bergh | first = RL |author2=Kelly JF | year = 1964 | title = Vampirism: A review with new observations | journal = ] | volume = 11 | issue = 5 | pages =543–547 | pmid = 14208658 | doi = 10.1001/archpsyc.1964.01720290085012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last = Prins | first = H | year = 1985 | title = Vampirism—A clinical condition | pmid = 4016482 | journal = ] | volume = 146 | issue = 6| pages = 666–668 | doi = 10.1192/bjp.146.6.666| s2cid = 42514183 }}</ref> Involves ingesting or seeing one's own blood.<ref name="sexcrimesandparaphilia" />
|- |-
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! width="600px" | Focus of erotic interest ! width="600px" | Focus of erotic interest
|- |-
|]/Alvinolagnia |]/alvinolagnia
|The ] or ]. |The ] or ].
|- |-
|]/Raptophilia |]/raptophilia
|] a person, possibly consensual ].<ref name="Money1984" /><ref name="Lovemaps" /> |] a person, possibly consensual ].
|-
||]
|Being tied up or physically restrained.<ref name="Money1984" /><ref name="Lovemaps" />
|-
|]/mazophilia
|Female breasts.
|} |}


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|] |]
| Exposing one's partner or images of their partner to others. | Exposing one's partner or images of their partner to others.
|-
|]/anthropophagy
|Ingesting human flesh.<ref name="sexcrimesandparaphilia3" />
|- |-
|Canophilia |Canophilia
|Dogs<ref>{{cite web|title=Transtheoretical Approaches to Paraphilic Disorders|url= https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344949339}}</ref> |Dogs.<ref>{{cite web|title=Transtheoretical Approaches to Paraphilic Disorders|url= https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344949339}}</ref>
|- |-
|] |]
|Smoking.<ref name="ribisl">Ribisl KM, Lee RE, Henriksen L, Haladjian HH, "A content analysis of Web sites promoting smoking culture and lifestyle", Health Educ Behav. 2003 Feb;30(1):64-78</ref> |Smoking.<ref name="ribisl">Ribisl KM, Lee RE, Henriksen L, Haladjian HH, "A content analysis of Web sites promoting smoking culture and lifestyle", Health Educ Behav. 2003 Feb;30(1):64-78</ref>
|-
|]
|Hands.
|- |-
|] |]
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|Partners of a widely differing chronological age.<ref name="Lovemaps" /> |Partners of a widely differing chronological age.<ref name="Lovemaps" />
|- |-
|] |]/scatophilia/fecophilia
|]; also known as scat, scatophilia or fecophilia.<ref name="DSM" /><ref>{{cite journal|last=Xavier|first=CM|year=1955|title=Coprophilia: A clinical study|journal=British Journal of Medical Psychology|volume=28|issue=2–3|pages=188–190|doi=10.1111/j.2044-8341.1955.tb00893.x|pmid=14389628}}</ref> |].<ref name="DSM" /><ref>{{cite journal|last=Xavier|first=CM|year=1955|title=Coprophilia: A clinical study|journal=British Journal of Medical Psychology|volume=28|issue=2–3|pages=188–190|doi=10.1111/j.2044-8341.1955.tb00893.x|pmid=14389628}}</ref>
|- |-
|] |]
|]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wynarczyk |first=Natasha |date=2017-06-19 |title=Inside the Kinky, Brightly Colored World of Clown Fetishists |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/ev47da/inside-the-kinky-brightly-colored-world-of-clown-fetishists |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=Vice |language=en}}</ref>
|Legs.<ref>Resnick, J. (2011). Far-out Philias and Phobias. Psychotherapy in Australia, 17(4), 65.</ref>
|- |-
|] |]/troilism
|Infidelity.<ref>{{cite web |last=Rufus |first=Anneli |date=July 29, 2010 |title=The Intellectual Sex Fetish |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/cuckolding-the-sex-fetish-for-intellectuals |access-date=November 20, 2021 |work=]}}</ref> |Observing one's partner engaged in sexual activities with another person.<ref>{{cite web |last=Rufus |first=Anneli |date=July 29, 2010 |title=The Intellectual Sex Fetish |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/cuckolding-the-sex-fetish-for-intellectuals |access-date=November 20, 2021 |work=]}}</ref><ref name=Milner2008/><ref name="Seto2000" />
|} |}


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|- |-
|] |]
| ] or ].<ref>{{cite book |last= Holmes |first= RM |title= Sex Crimes: Patterns and Behavior |publisher= ] |location= Thousand Oaks |isbn= 978-0-7619-2417-3 |oclc= 48883594 |page= 244|year= 2002 }}</ref> |] or ].<ref>{{cite book |last= Holmes |first= RM |title= Sex Crimes: Patterns and Behavior |publisher= ] |location= Thousand Oaks |isbn= 978-0-7619-2417-3 |oclc= 48883594 |page= 244|year= 2002 }}</ref>
|- |-
|] |]
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|] |]
|Trees.<ref name="Money1984" /> |Trees.<ref name="Money1984" />
|-
|Dormaphilia/Somnophilia
|Being asleep, or pretending to sleep.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Deehan |first1=Elizabeth T. |last2=Bartels |first2=Ross M. |date=2022-05-04 |title=A Qualitative Exploration of Sleep-Related Sexual Interests: Somnophilia and Dormaphilia |journal=Sexual Abuse |language=en |volume=35 |issue=3 |pages=288–312 |doi=10.1177/10790632221098359 |issn=1079-0632 |pmc=10041567 |pmid=35507729}}</ref>
|} |}


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|].<ref name="Aggrawal" /> |].<ref name="Aggrawal" />
|- |-
|]/dacnolagnomania
|]
|] of oneself or others.<ref>{{cite journal | last = Blanchard | first = R|author2=Hucker SJ | year = 1991 | title = Age, transvestism, bondage, and concurrent paraphilic activities in 117 fatal cases of autoerotic asphyxia | pmid = 1958948 | journal = ] | volume = 159 | issue = 3 | pages = 371–7 | doi = 10.1192/bjp.159.3.371| s2cid = 20137589}}</ref>
|-
|]/Dacnolagnomania
|Murder, often of strangers.<ref name="sexcrimesandparaphilia3" /> |Murder, often of strangers.<ref name="sexcrimesandparaphilia3" />
|- |-
|] |]/peodeiktophilia
|Exposing one's genitals to unsuspecting and nonconsenting others.<ref name="DSM" /> |Exposing one's genitals to unsuspecting and nonconsenting others.<ref name="DSM" /><ref name="Money1984" />
|- |-
|] |]
|Extraterrestrials<ref>{{cite web|title= SpaceXXX: What Makes People Want to Have Sex With Aliens?|date= 7 September 2018|url= https://www.vice.com/en/article/59amw8/spacexxx-what-makes-people-want-to-have-sex-with-alien-porn}}</ref> |Extraterrestrials.<ref>{{cite web|title= SpaceXXX: What Makes People Want to Have Sex With Aliens?|date= 7 September 2018|url= https://www.vice.com/en/article/59amw8/spacexxx-what-makes-people-want-to-have-sex-with-alien-porn}}</ref>
|} |}
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! width="200px" | Paraphilia ! width="200px" | Paraphilia
! width="600px" | Focus of erotic interest ! width="600px" | Focus of erotic interest
|-
|]/adipophilia
|Overweight or obese people.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=HART |first=Kylo-Patrick R. |date=2017-12-22 |title=Fat Fetishism and Feederism on Film |url=https://zenodo.org/record/7854870 |journal=Cultural Intertexts |volume=7/2017 |pages=124–136 |doi=10.5281/ZENODO.7854870}}</ref>
|- |-
|] |]
|Eating, feeding, and weight gain.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Terry | first1 = L. L. | last2 = Suschinsky | first2 = K. D. | last3 = Lalumiere | first3 = M. L. | last4 = Vasey | first4 = P. L. | year = 2012 | title = Feederism: An exaggeration of a normative mate selection preference? | journal = Archives of Sexual Behavior | volume = 41 | issue = 1| pages = 249–260 | doi=10.1007/s10508-012-9925-7 | pmid=22392517| s2cid = 44663597 }}</ref> |Eating, feeding, and weight gain.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Terry | first1 = L. L. | last2 = Suschinsky | first2 = K. D. | last3 = Lalumiere | first3 = M. L. | last4 = Vasey | first4 = P. L. | year = 2012 | title = Feederism: An exaggeration of a normative mate selection preference? | journal = Archives of Sexual Behavior | volume = 41 | issue = 1| pages = 249–260 | doi=10.1007/s10508-012-9925-7 | pmid=22392517| s2cid = 44663597 }}</ref>
|- |-
|]/sitophilia
|]
|Erotic situations involving food.
|Fictional characters.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Karhulahti |first1=Veli-Matti |last2=Välisalo |first2=Tanja |year=2021 |title=Fictosexuality, Fictoromance, and Fictophilia: A Qualitative Study of Love and Desire for Fictional Characters |journal=Frontiers in Psychology |volume=11 |doi=10.3389/fpsyg.2020.575427 |doi-access=free |pmid=33510665 |pmc=7835123 }}</ref>
|-
|]/podophilia
|Feet.<ref name="Hickey">{{cite book|last=Hickey|first=Eric W.|title=Sex Crimes and Paraphilia | publisher= ] |year=2006|isbn=978-0-13-170350-6 | page = 165}}</ref>
|- |-
|] |]
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|] |]
|Turning a human being into a piece of furniture. |Turning a human being into a piece of furniture.
|-
|]
|Being "used" sexually by a sexual partner whenever they are aroused.<ref name="ViceFU">{{cite web |last1=Taylor |first1=Magdalene |title=What’s the 'Free Use' Fetish, and Why's Everyone Talking About It? |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/y3wn3x/whats-the-free-use-fetish-and-whys-everyone-talking-about-it/ |website=] |access-date=11 August 2024 |date=18 August 2023}}</ref>
|- |-
|] |]
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|- |-
|] |]
|Elderly people.<ref>{{cite book | last = Hirschfeld | first = M | year = 1920 | title = Die homosexualität des mannes und des weibes | edition = 2nd | location = Berlin | publisher = Louis Marcus|language=de}}</ref> |Elderly people.<ref>{{cite book | last = Hirschfeld | first = M | year = 1920 | title = ] | edition = 2nd | location = Berlin | publisher = Louis Marcus|language=de}}</ref>
|- |-
|]/Gynemimetophilia |]/gynemimetophilia
|Transgender women.<ref name="Milner2008" /><ref name="Blanchard 1993 570–575">{{cite journal | last = Blanchard | first = R |author2=Collins PI | year = 1993 | title = Men with sexual interest in transvestites, transsexuals, and she-males | pmid = 8245926 | journal = ] | volume = 181 | issue = 9 | pages = 570–575 | doi = 10.1097/00005053-199309000-00008| s2cid = 37059616 }}</ref> |Transgender women.<ref name="Milner2008" /><ref name="Blanchard 1993 570–575">{{cite journal | last = Blanchard | first = R |author2=Collins PI | year = 1993 | title = Men with sexual interest in transvestites, transsexuals, and she-males | pmid = 8245926 | journal = ] | volume = 181 | issue = 9 | pages = 570–575 | doi = 10.1097/00005053-199309000-00008| s2cid = 37059616 }}</ref>
|-
|Galactophilia
| Breastfeeding or sucking on a woman's breasts.<ref>{{Citation |title=Galactophilia |url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Galactophilia |work=The Free Dictionary |access-date=2023-08-16}}</ref>
|- |-
|Gynephilia |Gynephilia
|Females or femininity, regardless of one's own sex or gender identity<ref>{{cite journal|title= Sexual Behavior, Desire, and Psychosexual Experience in Gynephilic and Androphilic Trans Women: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study|date= 2020|pmid= 32147311|url= https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32147311/|last1= Laube|first1= J. S.|last2= Auer|first2= M. K.|last3= Biedermann|first3= S. V.|last4= Schröder|first4= J.|last5= Hildebrandt|first5= T.|last6= Nieder|first6= T. O.|last7= Briken|first7= P.|last8= Fuss|first8= J.|journal= The Journal of Sexual Medicine|volume= 17|issue= 6|pages= 1182–1194|doi= 10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.01.030}}</ref> |Females or femininity, regardless of one's own sex or gender identity.<ref>{{cite journal|title= Sexual Behavior, Desire, and Psychosexual Experience in Gynephilic and Androphilic Trans Women: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study|date= 2020|pmid= 32147311|url= https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32147311/|last1= Laube|first1= J. S.|last2= Auer|first2= M. K.|last3= Biedermann|first3= S. V.|last4= Schröder|first4= J.|last5= Hildebrandt|first5= T.|last6= Nieder|first6= T. O.|last7= Briken|first7= P.|last8= Fuss|first8= J.|journal= The Journal of Sexual Medicine|volume= 17|issue= 6|pages= 1182–1194|doi= 10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.01.030}}</ref>
|} |}


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! width="200px" | Paraphilia ! width="200px" | Paraphilia
! width="600px" | Focus of erotic interest ! width="600px" | Focus of erotic interest
|-
|]/trichophilia
|Hair.<ref name="Scorolli2007" />
|-
|]/cheirophilia
|Hands.
|-
|]
|children who enter puberty
|- |-
|Hematolagnia |Hematolagnia
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! width="600px" | Focus of erotic interest ! width="600px" | Focus of erotic interest
|- |-
|Katoptronophilia
|]
|Mirrors<ref>{{cite web|title=Skurrile Sex-Fetische Katoptronophilia|url=https://www.kronehit.at/news/skurrile-sex-fetische-katoptronophilia-6/}}</ref>
|Stealing; also known as kleptolagnia.<ref name="Milner2008" />
|-
|]/kleptophilia
|Stealing;<ref name="Milner2008" /> a form of ].
|- |-
|] |]
|]s, arousal and enjoyment in receiving, administering, or both.<ref name="Milner2008" /><ref>{{cite book | last1=Brame | first1=Gloria | author-link1=Gloria Brame | last2=Brame | first2=William D. | last3=Jacobs | first3=Jon | title=Different Loving &ndash; The World of Sexual Dominance and Submission | year=1993 | publisher=] | isbn=978-0-679-76956-9}}</ref> |]s, arousal and enjoyment in receiving, administering, or both.<ref name="Milner2008" /><ref>{{cite book | last1=Brame | first1=Gloria | author-link1=Gloria Brame | last2=Brame | first2=William D. | last3=Jacobs | first3=Jon | title=Different Loving &ndash; The World of Sexual Dominance and Submission | year=1993 | publisher=] | isbn=978-0-679-76956-9}}</ref>
|-
|Knismolagnia
|Tickling<ref>{{cite web|title=Tickling Fetishism Explored|url=https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/in-excess/201703/tickling-fetishism-explored}}</ref>
|} |}


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! width="600px" | Focus of erotic interest ! width="600px" | Focus of erotic interest
|- |-
|] |]/galactophilia
|].<ref name="Scorolli2007">{{cite journal|author5-link=Emmanuele A. Jannini |vauthors=Scorolli C, Ghirlanda S, Enquist M, Zattoni S, Jannini EA |title=Relative prevalence of different fetishes |journal=Int. J. Impot. Res. |volume=19 |issue=4 |pages=432–7 |year=2007 |pmid=17304204 |doi=10.1038/sj.ijir.3901547 |doi-access=free }}</ref> |], breastfeeding or sucking on a woman's breasts.<ref name="Scorolli2007">{{cite journal|author5-link=Emmanuele A. Jannini |vauthors=Scorolli C, Ghirlanda S, Enquist M, Zattoni S, Jannini EA |title=Relative prevalence of different fetishes |journal=Int. J. Impot. Res. |volume=19 |issue=4 |pages=432–7 |year=2007 |pmid=17304204 |doi=10.1038/sj.ijir.3901547 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Galactophilia |url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Galactophilia |work=The Free Dictionary |access-date=2023-08-16}}</ref>
|-
|]/crurophilia
|Legs.<ref>Resnick, J. (2011). Far-out Philias and Phobias. Psychotherapy in Australia, 17(4), 65.</ref>
|- |-
|Liquidophilia |Liquidophilia
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|] |]
|Giant beings; imagined growth of beings.<ref name="Scorolli2007" /> |Giant beings; imagined growth of beings.<ref name="Scorolli2007" />
|-
|]
|].<ref name="Aggrawal" />
|-
|]
|Female breasts.
|- |-
|] |]
|Suffering or humiliation; being beaten, bound, or otherwise abused.<ref name="DSM" /> |Suffering or humiliation; being beaten, bound, or otherwise abused.<ref name="DSM" />
|-
|]
|Pregnant women.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fedoroff |first1=J. Paul |title=The Paraphilias: Changing Suits in the Evolution of Sexual Interest Paradigms |date=21 October 2019 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-046633-6 |pages=14 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lya3DwAAQBAJ |access-date=9 November 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
|- |-
|] |]
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|]<ref name="Milner2008" /> |]<ref name="Milner2008" />
|- |-
|] |]/alvinophilia
|].<ref name="Scorolli2007" />
|-
|]
|]. |].
|- |-
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|] |]
|]s.<ref name="DSM" /><ref name="Milner2008" /><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Rosman JP, Resnick PJ |title=Sexual attraction to corpses: a psychiatric review of necrophilia |journal=Bull Am Acad Psychiatry Law |volume=17 |issue=2 |pages=153–63 |year=1989 |pmid=2667656 }}</ref> |]s.<ref name="DSM" /><ref name="Milner2008" /><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Rosman JP, Resnick PJ |title=Sexual attraction to corpses: a psychiatric review of necrophilia |journal=Bull Am Acad Psychiatry Law |volume=17 |issue=2 |pages=153–63 |year=1989 |pmid=2667656 }}</ref>
|-
|]/nasophilia
|].<ref name="Scorolli2007" />
|} |}


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|Biting or being bitten. |Biting or being bitten.
|- |-
|]/Bromidrophilia |Olfactophilia/bromidrophilia
|Smells and odors (particularly foul ones) emanating from the body, especially the sexual areas and/or from the opposite sex (as from ], ], ], ], etc.).<ref name="Milner2008" /><ref name = Lovemaps /> |Smells and odors (particularly foul ones) emanating from the body, especially the sexual areas and/or from the opposite sex (as from ], ], ], ], etc.).<ref name="Milner2008" /><ref name = Lovemaps />
|- |-
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! width="600px" | Focus of erotic interest ! width="600px" | Focus of erotic interest
|- |-
|] |]/autonepiophilia/adult baby syndrome
|Dressing or being treated like a baby, also known as autonepiophilia<ref name="Lovemaps" /> or "adult baby syndrome";<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Pate | first1 = JE | last2 = Gabbard | first2 = GO | title = Adult baby syndrome | journal = The American Journal of Psychiatry | volume = 160 | issue = 11 | pages = 1932–6 | year = 2003 | pmid = 14594737 | doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.1932}}</ref> considerable overlap with ].<ref name="taormino" /> |Dressing or being treated like a baby;<ref name="Lovemaps" /><ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Pate | first1 = JE | last2 = Gabbard | first2 = GO | title = Adult baby syndrome | journal = The American Journal of Psychiatry | volume = 160 | issue = 11 | pages = 1932–6 | year = 2003 | pmid = 14594737 | doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.1932}}</ref> considerable overlap with ].<ref name="taormino" />
|- |-
|] |]
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|- |-
|] |]
|Prepubescent children; also spelled ''paedophilia''.<ref name="DSM" /><ref>{{cite book | isbn = 978-1-55970-426-7 | last = Krafft-Ebing | first = R | orig-year = 1886 | year = 1998 | title= Psychopathia sexualis: A medico-forensic study (1998 translation by Franklin S. Klaf | author-link = Richard von Krafft-Ebing | publisher = ] | page = 408 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=nzr8Tw7xcsUC&pg=PA408}}</ref> |Preadolescent children; also spelled ''paedophilia''.<ref name="DSM" /><ref>{{cite book | isbn = 978-1-55970-426-7 | last = Krafft-Ebing | first = R | orig-year = 1886 | year = 1998 | title= Psychopathia sexualis: A medico-forensic study (1998 translation by Franklin S. Klaf | author-link = Richard von Krafft-Ebing | publisher = ] | page = 408 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=nzr8Tw7xcsUC&pg=PA408}}</ref>
|-
|]
|Exposing one's private parts.<ref name="Money1984" />
|- |-
|Pedovestism |Pedovestism
|Dressing like a child.<ref name="Lawrence2006">{{cite journal | last = Lawrence | first = AA | year = 2006 | title = Clinical and theoretical parallels between desire for limb amputation and gender identity disorder | journal = ] | volume = 35 | pages = 263–278 | doi = 10.1007/s10508-006-9026-6 | pmid = 16799838 | issue = 3 | s2cid = 17528273 }}</ref> |Dressing like a child.<ref name="Lawrence2006">{{cite journal | last = Lawrence | first = AA | year = 2006 | title = Clinical and theoretical parallels between desire for limb amputation and gender identity disorder | journal = ] | volume = 35 | pages = 263–278 | doi = 10.1007/s10508-006-9026-6 | pmid = 16799838 | issue = 3 | s2cid = 17528273 }}</ref>
|-
|]
|Feet.<ref name="Hickey">{{cite book|last=Hickey|first=Eric W.|title=Sex Crimes and Paraphilia | publisher= ] |year=2006|isbn=978-0-13-170350-6 | page = 165}}</ref>
|- |-
|Pictophilia |Pictophilia
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|- |-
|] |]
|Stuffed toys (]).<ref>{{cite news| url=http://articles.latimes.com/2001/jun/04/news/cl-6207 | work=Los Angeles Times | title=Once Seen as Taboos, Sexual Fetishes Are Gaining Acceptance | first=Kathleen | last=Kelleher | date=2001-06-04 | access-date=2010-05-22}}</ref> |Stuffed toys (]).<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2001-jun-04-cl-6207-story.html | work=Los Angeles Times | title=Once Seen as Taboos, Sexual Fetishes Are Gaining Acceptance | first=Kathleen | last=Kelleher | date=2001-06-04 | access-date=2010-05-22}}</ref>
|-
|]/maiesiophilia
|Pregnant women.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fedoroff |first1=J. Paul |title=The Paraphilias: Changing Suits in the Evolution of Sexual Interest Paradigms |date=21 October 2019 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-046633-6 |pages=14 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lya3DwAAQBAJ |access-date=9 November 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
|- |-
|] |]
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! width="600px" | Focus of erotic interest ! width="600px" | Focus of erotic interest
|- |-
|] |]/robophilia
|Humanoid robots. |Humanoid robots.
|} |}
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! width="200px" | Paraphilia ! width="200px" | Paraphilia
! width="600px" | Focus of erotic interest ! width="600px" | Focus of erotic interest
|-
|]
|Inflicting pain on others.<ref name="DSM" />
|- |-
|] |]
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|] |]
|Nonliving objects.<ref name="DSM" /> |Nonliving objects.<ref name="DSM" />
|-
|]
|Inflicting pain on others.<ref name="DSM" />
|- |-
|] |]
|Shoes, especially high heels. |Shoes, especially high heels.
|- |-
|] |]/dormaphilia
|Being asleep or unconscious, or pretending to be asleep or unconscious.<ref name="Milner2008" /><ref name="Lovemaps" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Deehan |first1=Elizabeth T. |last2=Bartels |first2=Ross M. |date=2022-05-04 |title=A Qualitative Exploration of Sleep-Related Sexual Interests: Somnophilia and Dormaphilia |journal=Sexual Abuse |language=en |volume=35 |issue=3 |pages=288–312 |doi=10.1177/10790632221098359 |issn=1079-0632 |pmc=10041567 |pmid=35507729}}</ref>
|Sleeping or unconscious people.<ref name="Milner2008" /><ref name="Lovemaps" />
|- |-
|Sophophilia |Sophophilia
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|Witnessing or staging disasters such as car accidents.<ref name="Money1984" /> |Witnessing or staging disasters such as car accidents.<ref name="Money1984" />
|- |-
|] |]/telephonicophilia/scatophilia
|]s, particularly to strangers; also known as telephonicophilia<ref name="DSM" /><ref name="Lovemaps" /> and scatophilia.<ref name="sexcrimesandparaphilia4">{{cite book|last=Hickey|first=Eric W.|title=Sex Crimes and Paraphilia | publisher= ] |year=2006|isbn=978-0-13-170350-6 | page = 88}}</ref> |]s, particularly to strangers.<ref name="DSM" /><ref name="Lovemaps" /><ref name="sexcrimesandparaphilia4">{{cite book|last=Hickey|first=Eric W.|title=Sex Crimes and Paraphilia | publisher= ] |year=2006|isbn=978-0-13-170350-6 | page = 88}}</ref>
|} |}


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|] |]
|Deformed or monstrous people.<ref name="Aggrawal" /> The term is also sometimes used in a more literal sense (from ] {{Lang|grc|τέρας}}, {{Transliteration|grc|teras}}, meaning monster) for attraction to monstrous mythical and fictional creatures such as ]. |Deformed or monstrous people.<ref name="Aggrawal" /> The term is also sometimes used in a more literal sense (from ] {{Lang|grc|τέρας}}, {{Transliteration|grc|teras}}, meaning monster) for attraction to monstrous mythical and fictional creatures such as ].
|-
|]/knismolagnia
|Tickling.<ref>{{cite web|title=Tickling Fetishism Explored|url=https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/in-excess/201703/tickling-fetishism-explored}}</ref>
|- |-
|] |]
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|- |-
|] |]
|Recurrent and intense sexual arousal from cross-dressing which causes clinically significant distress or impairment.<ref name="DSM-5-F65.1">{{cite book |date=2022 |title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5-TR |edition=5 |publisher=] Publishing |at=F65.1 |isbn=978-0-89042-578-7 |oclc=1315990729 |url=https://dsm.psychiatryonline.org/doi/book/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787 |doi=10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787 |via=The Misplaced Pages Library|last1=American Psychiatric Association |s2cid=249488050 }}</ref> |Cross-dressing.<ref name="DSM-5-F65.1">{{cite book |date=2022 |title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5-TR |edition=5 |publisher=] Publishing |at=F65.1 |isbn=978-0-89042-578-7 |oclc=1315990729 |url=https://dsm.psychiatryonline.org/doi/book/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787 |doi=10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787 |via=The Misplaced Pages Library|last1=American Psychiatric Association |s2cid=249488050 }}</ref>
|-
|]
|A ] sexual partner.<ref name="Lovemaps" />
|-
|]
|Hair.<ref name="Scorolli2007" />
|-
|Troilism
|Observing one's partner engaged in sexual activities with another person.<ref name=Milner2008/><ref name="Seto2000" />
|- |-
|Timophilia |Timophilia
|Gold, wealth, or social status.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781317507468 |title=Handbook of Clinical Sexuality for Mental Health Professionals |date=2016-01-13 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-50746-8 |editor-last=Levine |editor-first=Stephen B. |edition=3rd |pages=353 |language=en |doi=10.4324/9781315716596 |editor-last2=Risen |editor-first2=Candace B. |editor-last3=Althof |editor-first3=Stanley E.}}</ref> |Gold, wealth, or social status.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781317507468 |title=Handbook of Clinical Sexuality for Mental Health Professionals |date=2016-01-13 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-50746-8 |editor-last=Levine |editor-first=Stephen B. |edition=3rd |pages=353 |language=en |doi=10.4324/9781315716596 |editor-last2=Risen |editor-first2=Candace B. |editor-last3=Althof |editor-first3=Stanley E.}}</ref>
|-
|]
| Specifically ], but also includes lung damage and ].
|} |}


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! width="600px" | Focus of erotic interest ! width="600px" | Focus of erotic interest
|- |-
|] |]/water sports
|], particularly in public, on others, and/or being urinated on. Also referred to as "water sports".<ref name="DSM" /><ref name="Milner2008" /><ref name="Lovemaps" /><ref name="Seto2000" /> |], particularly in public, on others, and/or being urinated on.<ref name="DSM" /><ref name="Milner2008" /><ref name="Lovemaps" /><ref name="Seto2000" />
|} |}


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! width="600px" | Focus of erotic interest ! width="600px" | Focus of erotic interest
|- |-
|] |]/vore
| The idea of one person or creature eating or being eaten by another; usually swallowed whole, in one piece; also known as vore.<ref name="brathwaite">{{cite book |author=Brenda Brathwaite |title=Sex in Video Games |publisher=Charles River Media |location=London |isbn=978-1-58450-459-7 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927180711/http://www.charlesriver.com/resrcs/chapters/1584504595_1stChap.pdf |chapter-url=http://www.charlesriver.com/resrcs/chapters/1584504595_1stChap.pdf |chapter=Defining sex |archive-date=2007-09-27 |url-status=dead |access-date=2013-09-26|year=2007 }}</ref> | The idea of one person or creature eating or being eaten by another; usually swallowed whole, in one piece.<ref name="brathwaite">{{cite book |author=Brenda Brathwaite |title=Sex in Video Games |publisher=Charles River Media |location=London |isbn=978-1-58450-459-7 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927180711/http://www.charlesriver.com/resrcs/chapters/1584504595_1stChap.pdf |chapter-url=http://www.charlesriver.com/resrcs/chapters/1584504595_1stChap.pdf |chapter=Defining sex |archive-date=2007-09-27 |url-status=dead |access-date=2013-09-26|year=2007 }}</ref>
|- |-
|] |]/scopophilia
|Watching others while naked or having sex, generally without their knowledge; also known as scopophilia or scoptophilia.<ref name="DSM" /><ref name="Seto2000" /> |Watching others while naked or having sex, generally without their knowledge.<ref name="DSM" /><ref name="Seto2000" />
|} |}


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|] |]
|Messy situations, including, but not limited to, being ], ] or covered in ]. |Messy situations, including, but not limited to, being ], ], or covered in ].
|-
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|The wearing of wet clothing
|} |}


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* ] * ]
* ] * ]
*
*


== References == == References ==

Latest revision as of 07:25, 23 December 2024

Medical conditions

Medical condition
Paraphilia
SpecialtyPsychiatry

Paraphilias are sexual interests in objects, situations, or individuals that are atypical. The American Psychiatric Association, in its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fifth Edition (DSM), draws a distinction between paraphilias (which it describes as atypical sexual interests) and paraphilic disorders (which additionally require the experience of distress, impairment in functioning, and/or the desire to act on them with a nonconsenting person). Some paraphilias have more than one term to describe them, and some terms overlap with others. Paraphilias without DSM codes listed come under DSM 302.9, "Paraphilia NOS (Not Otherwise Specified)".

In his 2008 book on sexual pathologies, Anil Aggrawal compiled a list of 547 terms describing paraphilic sexual interests. He cautioned, however, that "not all these paraphilias have necessarily been seen in clinical setups. This may not be because they do not exist, but because they are so innocuous they are never brought to the notice of clinicians or dismissed by them. Like allergies, sexual arousal may occur from anything under the sun, including the sun."

Most of the following names for paraphilias, constructed in the nineteenth and especially twentieth centuries from Greek and Latin roots (see List of medical roots, suffixes and prefixes), are used in medical contexts only.

Contents

Paraphilias

A

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Abasiophilia People with impaired mobility.
Acrotomophilia People with amputations.
Agalmatophilia Statues, mannequins and immobility.
Algolagnia Pain, particularly involving an erogenous zone; differs from masochism as there is a biologically different interpretation of the intense sensation rather than a subjective interpretation.
Amaurophilia Being unable to see.
Amokoscisia To slash and mutilate women.
Andromimetophilia Trans men.
Anililagnia Attraction by young men to older women.
Anthropophagolagnia Raping and then cannibalizing another person.
Apotemnophilia Being an amputee.
Aquaphilia A sexual fetish that involves people swimming, posing, or even drowning in water.
Armpit fetishism/maschalagnia Armpits.
Asphyxiophilia Asphyxia or strangling of oneself or others.
Attraction to disability People with one or more physical disabilities.
Autagonistophilia Being on stage or on camera.
Autassassinophilia Being in life-threatening situations.
Autoandrophilia Sexual arousal of a female in response to the image of herself as male.
Autoerotic asphyxiation Self-induced asphyxiation, sometimes to the point of near unconsciousness.
Autogynephilia Sexual arousal of a male in response to the image of himself as female.
Autohemofetishism Making oneself bleed, a type of hematolagnia.
Autonepiophilia The image of oneself in the form of an infant.
Autopedophilia The image of oneself in the form of a child.
Autoplushophilia The image of oneself in the form of a plush.
Autovampirism/vampirism The image of oneself in the form of a vampire. Involves ingesting or seeing one's own blood.
Autozoophilia The image of oneself in the form of an animal.

B

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Belly fetishism/alvinolagnia The midriff or belly.
Biastophilia/raptophilia Raping a person, possibly consensual rape fantasy.
Bondage Being tied up or physically restrained.
Breast fetishism/mazophilia Female breasts.

C

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Candaulism Exposing one's partner or images of their partner to others.
Cannibalism/anthropophagy Ingesting human flesh.
Canophilia Dogs.
Capnolagnia Smoking.
Chremastistophilia Being robbed or held up.
Chronophilia Partners of a widely differing chronological age.
Coprophilia/scatophilia/fecophilia Feces.
Coulrophilia Clowns
Cuckolding fetishism/troilism Observing one's partner engaged in sexual activities with another person.

D

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Dacryphilia Tears or crying.
Diaper fetishism Diapers; considerable overlap with paraphilic infantilism.
Dendrophilia Trees.

E

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Emetophilia Vomit.
Eproctophilia Flatulence.
Erotophonophilia/dacnolagnomania Murder, often of strangers.
Exhibitionism/peodeiktophilia Exposing one's genitals to unsuspecting and nonconsenting others.
Exophilia Extraterrestrials.

F

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Fat fetishism/adipophilia Overweight or obese people.
Feederism Eating, feeding, and weight gain.
Food play/sitophilia Erotic situations involving food.
Foot fetishism/podophilia Feet.
Formicophilia Being crawled on by insects.
Forniphilia Turning a human being into a piece of furniture.
Free use Being "used" sexually by a sexual partner whenever they are aroused.
Frotteurism Rubbing against a non-consenting person.

G

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Gerontophilia Elderly people.
Gynandromorphophilia/gynemimetophilia Transgender women.
Gynephilia Females or femininity, regardless of one's own sex or gender identity.

H

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Hair fetishism/trichophilia Hair.
Hand fetishism/cheirophilia Hands.
Hebephilia children who enter puberty
Hematolagnia Drinking or looking at blood.
Heterophilia Idealization of heterosexuality and/or people who are "straight-acting", especially by non-heterosexual people.
Hierophilia Religious/sacred objects.
Hoplophilia Firearms, guns.
Hybristophilia Criminals, particularly those who committed cruel or outrageous crimes.

I

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Infantophilia Children less than five years old; a recently suggested term that is not in general use.
Impregnation fetishism The event of being impregnated or impregnating another person.

K

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Katoptronophilia Mirrors
Kleptolagnia/kleptophilia Stealing; a form of kleptomania.
Klismaphilia Enemas, arousal and enjoyment in receiving, administering, or both.

L

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Lactophilia/galactophilia Breast milk, breastfeeding or sucking on a woman's breasts.
Leg fetishism/crurophilia Legs.
Liquidophilia Immersing genitals in liquids.

M

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Macrophilia Giant beings; imagined growth of beings.
Masochism Suffering or humiliation; being beaten, bound, or otherwise abused.
Mechanophilia Cars or other machines; also "mechaphilia".
Melolagnia Music.
Menophilia Menstruation.
Metrophilia Poetry.
Microphilia Shrunken beings; imagined shrinking of beings.
Morphophilia Particular body shapes or sizes.
Mucophilia Mucus.
Mysophilia Dirtiness, soiled or decaying things.

N

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Narratophilia Obscene words.
Navel fetishism/alvinophilia Navel.
Nebulophilia Fog or smoke.
Necrophilia Corpses.
Nose fetishism/nasophilia Noses.

O

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Objectophilia Specific inanimate objects.
Oculolinctus The act of licking the eyes of another person for the purpose of gratification.
Odaxelagnia Biting or being bitten.
Olfactophilia/bromidrophilia Smells and odors (particularly foul ones) emanating from the body, especially the sexual areas and/or from the opposite sex (as from bad breath, urine, feces, flatulence, etc.).
Omorashi Having a full bladder and/or wetting oneself, or from seeing someone else experiencing a full bladder and/or wetting themself.

P

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Paraphilic infantilism/autonepiophilia/adult baby syndrome Dressing or being treated like a baby; considerable overlap with diaper fetishism.
Partialism Specific, non-genital body parts.
Pedophilia Preadolescent children; also spelled paedophilia.
Pedovestism Dressing like a child.
Pictophilia Pornography or erotic art, particularly pictures.
Piquerism Piercing the flesh of another person, most commonly by stabbing or cutting the body with sharp objects.
Plushophilia Stuffed toys ("plushies").
Pregnancy fetishism/maiesiophilia Pregnant women.
Pygophilia Buttocks.
Pyrophilia Fire.

R

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Robot fetishism/robophilia Humanoid robots.

S

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Sadism Inflicting pain on others.
Salirophilia Soiling or dirtying others.
Sexual fetishism Nonliving objects.
Shoe fetishism Shoes, especially high heels.
Somnophilia/dormaphilia Being asleep or unconscious, or pretending to be asleep or unconscious.
Sophophilia Learning.
Sthenolagnia Muscles and displays of strength.
Stigmatophilia Body piercings and tattoos.
Symphorophilia Witnessing or staging disasters such as car accidents.
Telephone scatologia/telephonicophilia/scatophilia Obscene phone calls, particularly to strangers.

T

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Teratophilia Deformed or monstrous people. The term is also sometimes used in a more literal sense (from ancient Greek τέρας, teras, meaning monster) for attraction to monstrous mythical and fictional creatures such as werewolves.
Tickling fetishism/knismolagnia Tickling.
Toucherism Touching an unsuspecting, non-consenting person with the hand.
Toxophilia Archery.
Transvestic fetishism Cross-dressing.
Timophilia Gold, wealth, or social status.

U

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Urolagnia/water sports Urination, particularly in public, on others, and/or being urinated on.

V

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Vorarephilia/vore The idea of one person or creature eating or being eaten by another; usually swallowed whole, in one piece.
Voyeurism/scopophilia Watching others while naked or having sex, generally without their knowledge.

W

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Wet and messy fetishism Messy situations, including, but not limited to, being pied, slimed, or covered in mud.
Wetlook The wearing of wet clothing

X

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Xenophilia Foreign peoples, cultures, or customs.

Z

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Zoophilia Non-human animals.
Zoosadism Inflicting pain on animals, or seeing animals in pain.

See also

References

  1. Moran M (May 3, 2013). "DSM to Distinguish Paraphilias From Paraphilic Disorders". Psychiatric News. 48 (9). American Psychiatric Association: 10–261. doi:10.1176/appi.pn.2013.5a19. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
  2. ^ Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-IV. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. 2000. ISBN 978-0-89042-025-6.
  3. ^ Aggrawal A (2008). "Appendix 1". Forensic and Medico-legal Aspects of Sexual Crimes and Unusual Sexual Practices. CRC Press. pp. 369–382. ISBN 978-1-4200-4308-2.
  4. ^ Milner JS, Dopke CA (2008). "Paraphilia Not Otherwise Specified: Psychopathology and theory". In Laws DR & O'Donohue WT (ed.). Sexual Deviance, Second Edition: Theory, Assessment, and Treatment. New York: The Guilford Press. pp. 384–418. ISBN 978-1-59385-605-2.
  5. ^ Money J (1984). "Paraphilias: Phenomenology and classification". American Journal of Psychotherapy. 38 (2): 164–78. doi:10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1984.38.2.164. PMID 6234812.
  6. Money J, Simcoe KW (1986). "Acrotomophilia, sex, and disability: New concepts and case report". Sexuality and Disability. 7 (1/2): 43–50. doi:10.1007/BF01101829. S2CID 145239837.
  7. Scobie A, Taylor J (1975). "Perversions ancient and modern: I. Agalmatophilia, the statue syndrome". Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences. 11 (1): 49–54. doi:10.1002/1520-6696(197501)11:1<49::AID-JHBS2300110112>3.0.CO;2-6. PMID 11609831.
  8. Kelley K, Byrne D (1986). Alternative Approaches to the Study of Sexual Behavior. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. pp. 13–38. ISBN 978-0-89859-677-9.
  9. "Amaurophilia Kinkdictionary". 17 April 2022.
  10. "Blindness Fetishes Explained".
  11. ^ Fedoroff JP (October 2019). "Other Specified Paraphilic Disorders". The Paraphilias. pp. 217–C10.P205. doi:10.1093/med/9780190466329.003.0010. ISBN 978-0-19-046632-9.
  12. "Amokoscisia Kink dictionary". 17 April 2022.
  13. Money J, Lamacz, M (1984). "Gynemimesis and gynemimetophilia: Individual and cross-cultural manifestations of a gender-coping strategy hitherto unnamed". Comprehensive Psychiatry. 25 (4): 392–403. doi:10.1016/0010-440X(84)90074-9. PMID 6467919.
  14. Theroux A (2008). Laura Warholic. Fantagraphics Books. p. 135. ISBN 978-1-56097-798-8.
  15. ^ Hickey EW (2006). Sex Crimes and Paraphilia. Pearson Education. p. 87. ISBN 978-0-13-170350-6.
  16. Money J, Jobaris R, Furth G (1977). "Apotemnophilia: Two cases of self-demand amputation as a paraphilia". The Journal of Sex Research. 13 (2): 115–125. doi:10.1080/00224497709550967. JSTOR 3811894.
  17. Blanchard R, Hucker SJ (1991). "Age, transvestism, bondage, and concurrent paraphilic activities in 117 fatal cases of autoerotic asphyxia". British Journal of Psychiatry. 159 (3): 371–7. doi:10.1192/bjp.159.3.371. PMID 1958948. S2CID 20137589.
  18. Smith RC (2004). "Amputee identity disorder and related paraphilias". Psychiatry. 3 (8): 27–30. doi:10.1383/psyt.3.8.27.43394.
  19. ^ Money, John (1988). Lovemaps: Clinical Concepts of Sexual/Erotic Health and Pathology, Paraphilia, and Gender Transposition in Childhood, Adolescence, and Maturity. Buffalo, N.Y: Prometheus Books. ISBN 978-0-87975-456-3.
  20. ^ Seto MC, Barbaree HE (2000). "Paraphilias". In Hersen M, Van Hasselt VB (eds.). Aggression and violence: an introductory text. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. pp. 198–213. ISBN 978-0-205-26721-7.
  21. ^ Cantor, J. M., & Sutton, K. S. (2014). Paraphilia, gender dysphoria, and hypersexuality. In P. H. Blaney & T. Millon (Eds.), Oxford textbook of psychopathology (3rd ed.) (pp. 589–614). New York: Oxford University Press.
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ClassificationD
Paraphilias
List
See also
Categories: