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Revision as of 16:28, 25 June 2007 edit213.42.21.59 (talk) →History← Previous edit Latest revision as of 03:59, 29 November 2024 edit undoHeidiZhong (talk | contribs)12 editsm The commercial proprietary Acrobat is also available on mobileTag: Visual edit 
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{{Short description|Set of application software to view, edit and manage files in Portable Document Format (PDF)}}
{{Cleanup|date=March 2007}}
{{Infobox software

| name = Adobe Acrobat
{{ infobox software
| logo = Adobe Acrobat DC logo 2020.svg
| name = Adobe Acrobat
| screenshot = Adobe Acrobat Pro DC main window in Windows 11.png
| logo = ]
| caption = Adobe Acrobat Pro running on ]. Other editions of Acrobat (Standard and Reader) feature a similar interface.
| screenshot = ]
| developer = ]
| caption = Adobe Acrobat Professional 8.0 running on Windows XP
| operating system = {{hlist | ] | ]<ref>{{cite web|title=Download new and previous versions of Adobe Reader|url=http://get.adobe.com/reader/otherversions/|work=Adobe.com|publisher=Adobe Systems|access-date=7 April 2022}}</ref> | ] | ]}}
| developer = ]
| released = {{start date and age|1993}}
| latest_release_version = 8.1.0
| ver layout = stacked
| latest_release_date = ] ]
| size = {{plainlist|
| operating_system = ]
* 426&nbsp;] (Acrobat Reader)<ref>{{cite web
| genre = ] viewer and writer
|url = https://get.adobe.com/uk/reader/enterprise/
| license = Adobe ]
|title = Adobe Acrobat Reader Distribution
| website = http://www.adobe.com/acrobat
|work = adobe.com
|publisher = Adobe Systems
|access-date = 19 Nov 2023
}}</ref>
* 1.11&nbsp;] (Acrobat Pro)<ref>{{cite web|title=Download Acrobat installer for Enterprise term or VIP license|url=https://helpx.adobe.com/acrobat/kb/acrobat-dc-downloads.html|work=Adobe.com|publisher=]|access-date=19 Nov 2023}}</ref>
}} }}
| genre = ]
| license = ] (] or ])
| website = {{official website|https://acrobat.adobe.com/|acrobat.adobe.com}}
}}
'''Adobe Acrobat''' is a family of ] and ]s developed by ] to view, create, manipulate, print and manage ] (PDF) files.<ref>{{cite web |year=2008 |title=Adobe Acrobat family |url=https://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080119030851/http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat |archive-date=19 January 2008 |access-date=19 January 2008 |language=en-US}}</ref>

The family comprises Acrobat Reader (formerly Reader), Acrobat (formerly Exchange) and ]. The basic Acrobat Reader, available for several ] and ] platforms, is ]; it supports viewing, printing, ] or resizing<ref>{{Cite web |title=Scale or resize PDF pages. Adobe. |url=https://helpx.adobe.com/acrobat/kb/scale-or-resize-printed-pages.html}}</ref> and annotating of PDF files.<ref>{{ cite web | title = Adobe Reader | url = https://www.adobe.com/products/reader | year = 2008 | access-date = 19 January 2008 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080118023021/http://www.adobe.com/products/reader | archive-date = 18 January 2008 | url-status = live }}</ref> Additional, "Premium", services are available on paid subscription. The ] ] Acrobat, available for ], ], and mobile, can also create, edit, convert, ], encrypt, export and publish PDF files. Acrobat.com complements the family with a variety of ] and ]s.

== Purpose ==
The main function of Adobe Acrobat is creating, viewing, and editing PDF documents. It can import popular document and image formats and save them as PDF. It is also possible to import a ]'s output, a website, or the contents of the ].


Because of the nature of the PDF, however, once a PDF document is created, its natural organization and flow cannot be meaningfully modified. In other words, Adobe Acrobat is able to modify the contents of paragraphs and images, but doing so does not repaginate the whole document to accommodate for a longer or shorter document. Acrobat can crop PDF pages, change their order, manipulate ]s, ] a PDF file, add comments, redact certain parts of the PDF file, and ensure its adherence to such standards as ].
'''Adobe Acrobat''' is a family of ] by ]. These applications use Adobe's ] (PDF) as their native ]. Some software in the family is commercial, and some free of charge. '''Adobe Reader''' (formerly called '''Acrobat Reader''') is available as a no-charge download from Adobe's web site, and allows the viewing and printing of PDF files. Acrobat and Reader are major components of the ], and are widely used as a way to present information with a fixed layout similar to a paper publication.


==History== ==History==
{{further|Adobe Acrobat version history}}
Since the early ], the Acrobat product had several competitors who each used their own document formats, such as:
Adobe Acrobat was launched in 1993 and had to compete with other products and proprietary formats that aimed to create digital documents:
* Common Ground from No Hands Software Inc.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Borzo |first1=Jeanette |title=Paperless: Tools resurrect hope for paperless office concept |journal=] |date=14 June 1993 |volume=15 |issue=24 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QDsEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA24 |issn=0199-6649}}</ref>
* ] from ]
* Folio Views from ]
* Replica from ]<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Eckerson |first1=Wayne |title=Farallon gives Adobe Acrobat run for money |journal=] |date=26 July 1993 |volume=10 |issue=30 |page=86 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mhAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA86 |publisher=International Data Group |issn=0887-7661}}</ref>
* WorldView from ]<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jarrin |first1=Christopher |title=Reading what you sow |journal=] |date=22 July 1996 |volume=18 |issue=30 |page=66 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ij0EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA66 |issn=0199-6649}}</ref>
* ] from ]


{{multiple image |footer = Old logos of Acrobat programs and services |width=64 |caption_align=center |perrow=3
*] from ]
|image1 = Adobe Acrobat XI.png |caption1=Acrobat XI
* Common Ground from ]
|image2 = Adobe Reader XI icon.png |caption2=Reader XI
*] from ]
|image3 = Adobe Distiller X icon.png |caption3=Distiller XI
*] from ]
|image4 = Adobe Acrobat dot com (2012).png |caption4=Acrobat.com
*] from ]
|image5 = Adobe CreatePDF icon.png |caption5=CreatePDF
*Replica from ]
|image6 = Adobe ExportPDF icon.png |caption6=ExportPDF
*] from ]
|image7 = Adobe EchoSign icon (2012).png |caption7=EchoSign
|image8 = Adobe FormsCentral icon.png |caption8=Forms<wbr/>Central
|image9 = Adobe SendNow icon.png |caption9=SendNow
}}
Adobe has renamed the Acrobat products several times, in addition to merging, splitting and discontinuing them. Initially, the offered products were called Acrobat Reader, Acrobat Exchange and ]. "Acrobat Exchange" soon became "Acrobat". Over time, "Acrobat Reader" became "Reader". Between versions 3 and 5, Acrobat did not have several editions.{{clarify |date=June 2019 |reason=Can we have some more clarity on what this means? Rewrite into a positive statement of what it DID have, or explain how it differed from the apparent expectation here? }} In 1999, the ] service came to being and introduced several web services whose names started with "Acrobat", but eventually, "Acrobat.com" was downgraded from the name of the family of services, to that of one of those services.


Unlike most other Adobe products, such as members of ] family, the Acrobat products do not have icons that display two letters on a colored rectangle.
By the late 1990s PDF had become the ] standard, and the others had become largely historical footnotes. This in turn has led to many more competitors for Adobe Acrobat, both free and commercial.


===Document Cloud===
Today, there are a host of third-party programs that create or manipulate PDF, such as ], ], and ]. Adobe also allows Acrobat plug-ins to be developed by third parties, which can add extra functions within the Acrobat program.


In April 2015, Adobe introduced the "]" branding (alongside its ]) to signify its adoption of the ] and the ] model. Programs under this branding received a "DC" suffix. In addition, "Reader" was renamed back to "Acrobat Reader".<ref>{{cite news|last1=Heller|first1=Martin|title=Review: Adobe Acrobat polishes its act|url=http://www.infoworld.com/article/2907656/office-software/review-adobe-acrobat-dc-polishes-its-act.html|access-date=28 March 2016|work=InfoWorld|date=April 9, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Frank|first1=Blair Hanley|title=Adobe teams up with Dropbox as part of Document Cloud upgrades|url=http://www.infoworld.com/article/2992453/cloud-storage/adobe-teams-up-with-dropbox-as-part-of-document-cloud-upgrades.html|access-date=28 March 2016|work=IDG News Service|date=October 13, 2015}}</ref> Following the introduction of Document Cloud, Acrobat.com was discontinued as their features were integrated into the desktop programs and mobile apps.
===Product names===
Adobe has changed the names of the products in the Acrobat family regularly, also splitting products up, joining them together, or discontinuing members. This causes much confusion, not only about what product to obtain, but even about what product people have. Between version 3 and 5, Standard and Professional versions were one product simply called Adobe Acrobat.


The GUI had major changes with the introduction of Acrobat DC in 2015, which supports Windows 7 and later, and OS X 10.9 and later. Version numbers are now identified by the last two digits of the year of major release, and the month and year is specified; the previous version was 12, but examples of the DC (Document Cloud) Acrobat product family versions are DC June 2016, version 15.016.20045, released 2 June 2016 and DC Classic January 2016, version 15.006.30119, released 12 January 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://helpx.adobe.com/acrobat/release-note/release-notes-acrobat-reader.html|title=Release Notes - Acrobat, Reader|work=Acrobat Help |publisher=]}}</ref> From DC 2015 the Acrobat family is available in two tracks, the original track, now named Classic, and the Continuous track.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.adobe.com/devnet-docs/acrobatetk/tools/AdminGuide/whatsnewdc.html |title=Document Cloud Product Tracks — Enterprise Administration Guide |website=Adobe.com |access-date= 27 June 2016}}</ref> Updates for the Classic track are released quarterly, and do not include new features, whereas updates for the Continuous track are issued more frequently, and implemented silently and automatically.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.adobe.com/devnet-docs/acrobatetk/tools/AdminGuide/whatsnewdc.html|title = Document Cloud Product Tracks — Deployment Planning and Configuration}}</ref>
As of April 2007, the current main members of the Adobe Acrobat family are
]
*Adobe Reader 8 (previously Adobe Acrobat Reader)
*Adobe Acrobat 8 Standard
*Adobe Acrobat 8 Professional
*Adobe Acrobat 8 Elements (withdrawn before release)
*Adobe Acrobat 3D Version 8
*A growing collection of server and specialist products


The last pre-DC version, Acrobat XI, was updated to 11.0.23 version (and this was the final release<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb17-36.html|title=Adobe Security Bulletin|website=helpx.adobe.com|language=en|access-date=2017-11-30}}</ref>) on November 14, 2017,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.adobe.com/devnet-docs/acrobatetk/tools/ReleaseNotes/11/11.0.23.html#elevenzerozerotwentythree|title=11.0.23 Planned update, November 14, 2017 — Acrobat and Adobe Reader Release Notes|website=www.adobe.com|access-date=2017-11-30}}</ref> support for which had ended a month earlier on October 15, 2017.<ref name="xi support (gold)">{{cite web|title=Adobe Support Policies: Supported Product Versions|url=https://www.adobe.com/support/programs/policies/supported.html|website=Adobe|access-date=20 October 2016|date=2016}}</ref> In September 2020, Adobe released a feature to make documents easier to read on phones called "Liquid Mode" using its Sensei ].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Moon |first=M. |date=September 23, 2020 |title=Adobe's Liquid Mode uses AI to make PDFs easier to read on phones |url=https://www.engadget.com/adobe-liquid-mode-130012210.html |access-date=2022-05-31 |website=Engadget |language=en-US}}</ref>
Adobe has never created a product called either Adobe Writer or Acrobat Writer, although these names seem a natural opposite to the Reader product. To add more confusion, Acrobat used to include a ] called PDFWriter, which is unrelated.


== Adobe Acrobat family products ==
===Product history===
'''Acrobat Reader 1.0 for Macintosh was originally released 15 June 1993, later for DOS and Windows 3.1. This was not available in single copies and was not initially free. After a while the ] purchased a right to distribute Reader 1.0, effectively making it seem free to those who obtained it that way.'''


=== Current services ===
*PDF version 1.0 supported.
*Acrobat Exchange 1.0 (included PDFWriter printer driver and Acrobat Exchange application).
*Acrobat Distiller 1.0. Created a PDF from PostScript (no printer driver at this stage).


* Acrobat.com is the web version of Acrobat developed by Adobe to edit, create, manipulate, print and manage files in a PDF. It is currently available for users with a ] and an ] only.
'''Acrobat Reader 2.0 for Windows and Macintosh was released September 1994. Now free.'''
* Acrobat Distiller is a ] for converting documents from ] format to PDF.
* Acrobat Pro is the professional full version of Acrobat developed by Adobe to edit, create, manipulate, print and manage files in a PDF. It is currently available for Windows and macOS.
* Acrobat Reader is the freeware version of Acrobat developed by Adobe to view, create, fill, print and format files in a PDF. It is currently available for Windows, macOS, ], and ].
* Acrobat Standard is the standard full version of Acrobat developed by Adobe to edit, create, manipulate, print and manage files in a PDF. It is currently available for Windows.
* ] is part of the Acrobat family developed by Adobe to edit, create, save online, print and format files in a PDF. It is currently available for users with a ] and an Adobe ID only.
* Fill & Sign is part of the Acrobat family developed by Adobe to fill, sign, and manage files in a PDF. It is currently available for Windows, macOS, iOS, and Android.
* Scan is part of the Acrobat family developed by Adobe Inc. to scan, crop, and manage files in a PDF. It is currently available for iOS and Android.
* Sign (formerly EchoSign and eSign) is part of the Acrobat family developed by Adobe Inc. to fill, sign, and manage files in a PDF. It is currently available for iOS and Android.<ref>{{cite web|title=Adobe Acrobat DC FAQ|url=https://helpx.adobe.com/acrobat/faq.html|access-date=20 August 2018|website=helpx.adobe.com|publisher=]}}</ref>


=== Discontinued services ===
*PDF version 1.1 (and prior) supported.
* Acrobat Approval allows users to deploy electronic forms based on a PDF.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Adobe Releases Acrobat Approval 5.0|url=https://www.infotoday.com/it/oct01/news11.htm|access-date=2021-04-12|website=www.infotoday.com}}</ref>
*Acrobat Exchange 2.0, package as 1.0.
* Acrobat Business Tools is a discontinued component of the Acrobat family that was distributed by ] with collaboration and document review features.
*Acrobat Professional 2.0, which included the contents of Acrobat Exchange, plus Distiller.
* Acrobat Capture is a document processing utility for Windows from Adobe Systems that converts a scan of any paper document into a PDF file with selectable text through ] technology.
*There were 2.1 updates.
* ] is a discontinued server-based utility that was developed by Adobe Systems to perform centralized high-volume conversion of ] documents to PDF formats for workgroups.
*Acrobat Catalog was introduced, using ] technology to create searchable indexes to PDF files. Searching required a special version of Acrobat Reader, not free, or Acrobat Exchange.
* Acrobat eBook Reader is a PDF-based ] reader from Adobe Systems. Features present in Acrobat eBook Reader later appeared in ].
* Acrobat Elements was a very basic version of the Acrobat family that was released by Adobe Systems. Its key feature advantage over the free Acrobat Reader was the ability to create reliable PDF files from ] applications.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2003-04-07|title=Acrobat family - Product comparison|url=http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/matrix.html|access-date=2021-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030407154627/http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/matrix.html|archive-date=2003-04-07}}</ref>
* Acrobat InProduction is a pre-press tools suite for Acrobat released by Adobe in 2000 to handle color separation and pre-flighting of PDF files for printing.
* Acrobat Messenger is a document utility for Acrobat users that was released by Adobe Systems in 2000 to convert paper documents into ] files that can be e-mailed, faxed, or shared online.
* Acrobat Reader Touch is a free PDF document viewer developed and released on December 11, 2012, by Adobe Systems for the ] user interface.
*FormsCentral was a web form filling server for users with Windows, macOS, or a web browser and an Adobe ID only. It was discontinued on July 28, 2015, and replaced with ].
*Send & Track (formerly SendNow and Send) was a service that lets you send files as links, track files you send to specific individuals, and get confirmation receipts when others view your file. It was completely discontinued as of July 11, 2018.


=== Hidden helper tools ===
'''Acrobat Reader 3.0 was released 1996. The first to display PDF files in-browser, and the first to support form filling.'''
* Acrobat Synchronizer is a tool installed along with Acrobat versions. While running in the background, it maintains the accuracy of Acrobat files imported to Acrobat.<ref>{{Cite web|title=What is Adobe Acrobat Synchronizer? {{!}} Techwalla|url=https://www.techwalla.com/articles/what-is-adobe-synchronizer}}</ref>
*RdrCEF (also known as Adobe Reader Cloud Extension Feature) is a tool bundled with Acrobat that runs a process that handles cloud connectivity features.<ref>{{Cite web|title=RdrCEF.exe Windows process - What is it?|url=https://www.file.net/process/rdrcef.exe.html#:~:text=The%20genuine%20RdrCEF.exe%20file,that%20handles%20cloud%20connectivity%20features.|access-date=2021-05-19|website=www.file.net}}</ref>
*PDF version 1.2 (and prior) supported.
*A free Reader to allow searching was made available, but was not part of the default download.
*Acrobat 3.0 &ndash; replaced Acrobat Professional 2.1. Included Acrobat Catalog, and a Distiller printer driver.
*Updates to 3.01 and 3.02; 3.02 introduced extended forms capabilities and JavaScript.
*First release with support for Windows 95 and later. Last release with support for Windows 3.1.


=== Supported file formats ===
'''Acrobat Reader 4.0 was released April 1999.'''
The table below contains some of the supported file formats that can be opened or accessed in '''Adobe Acrobat'''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Adobe Acrobat DC 2019 Overview and Supported File Types |url=https://fileinfo.com/software/adobe/acrobat |access-date=2021-04-21 |website=fileinfo.com}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left"
!File format
!Extension
|-
|Acrobat Data File
|ACRODATA
|-
|Acrobat Forms Data Format
|FDF
|-
|Adobe Illustrator File
|AI
|-
|Acrobat Index File
|PDX
|-
|Acrobat Job Definition File
|JDF
|-
|Acrobat Language Plug-in
|LNG
|-
|Acrobat MIME Encoded Job


Definition File
*PDF version 1.3 (and prior) supported.
|MJD
*Acrobat 4.0.
|-
*Updates to 4.05.
|Acrobat Plug-in
*Introduced Distiller Server 4.0, identical to the regular Distiller but with a multi-user license (Windows, Linux, Solaris).
|ACROPLUGIN
*Acrobat Business Tools 4.0 &ndash; a limited version of Acrobat.
|-
|Acrobat Plug-in
|API
|-
|Acrobat Security Settings File
|ACROBATSECURITYSETTINGS
|-
|Acrobat Sequence File
|SEQU
|-
|Acrobat XFDF File
|XFDF
|-
|Adobe Color Separations Table
|AST
|-
|Adobe Dictionary Data File
|ENV
|-
|Adobe Joboptions File
|JOBOPTIONS
|-
|Adobe Linguistic Library Data File
|LEX
|-
|Adobe MARS File
|MARS
|-
|Adobe Portable Document Format


File
'''Acrobat Reader 5.0 was released May 2001.'''
|PDF
|-
|Adobe Profile File
|APF
|-
|Apple QuickTime Movie
|MOV
|-
|Design Web Format File
|DWF
|-
|Drawing Exchange Format File
|DXF
|-
|Encapsulated PostScript Format File
|EPSF
|-
|Flash MP4 Video File
|F4V
|-
|Flash Video File
|FLV
|-
|]
|HTM, HTML
|-
|iTunes Video File
|M4V
|-
|Plain Text File
|TXT
|-
|PostScript File
|PS
|-
|PostScript Image Data File
|PSID
|-
|Product Representation Compact


File
*PDF version 1.4 (and prior) supported.
|PRC
*Acrobat 5.0. PDFWriter removed from Macintosh application<ref>Adobe Systems Inc., Help file for Acrobat 5.0 wrote "Note: PDFWriter is a custom install option and is supported for Windows only".</ref>
|-
*Updates to 5.0.5. Acrobat 5.0.5 was the first to be able to run native in Mac OS X, but also ran in Mac OS 9.
|Shockwave Flash Movie
*Distiller Server 5.0.
|SWF
*Acrobat Approval 5.0 &ndash; a limited version of Acrobat, mainly sold to people who wanted to digitally sign or save fill in forms.
|-
*Acrobat Reader 5.1 &ndash; supported the Adobe LiveCycle Reader Extensions (e.g. forms saving) (which was then under a different name).
|Universal 3D File
|U3D
|-
|XML Data Package
|XDP
|-
|]
|XPS
|}


== Internationalization and localization ==
'''Adobe Reader 6.0 was released April 2003. No Linux or Unix versions were released.'''
{{Original research section|date=May 2022}}
Adobe Acrobat is available in the following languages: Arabic, Chinese Simplified, Chinese Traditional, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish and Ukrainian. Arabic and Hebrew versions are available from WinSoft International,<ref>{{cite web
|url = http://www.winsoft-international.com/en/products/adobe-acrobat-9-pro.html
|title = Adobe Acrobat Professional software – Communicate and collaborate with the essential PDF solution, enhanced features for Central and East European and Middle Eastern users
|publisher = Winsoft-international.com
|access-date = 4 December 2010
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100831224907/http://www.winsoft-international.com/en/products/adobe-acrobat-9-pro.html
|archive-date = 31 August 2010
|url-status = dead
}}</ref> ]' ] partner.


Before Adobe Acrobat DC, separate Arabic and Hebrew versions were developed specifically for these languages, which are normally written ]. These versions include special TouchUp properties to manage digits, ligatures option and paragraph direction in right-to-left Middle Eastern scripts such as Arabic, Hebrew, and Persian, as well as standard left-to-right Indian scripts such as Devanagari and Gujarati. The Web Capture feature can convert single web pages or entire web sites into PDF files, while preserving the content's original text encoding. Acrobat can also copy Arabic and Hebrew text to the system ] in its original encoding; if the target application is also compatible with the text encoding, then the text will appear in the correct script.
*PDF version 1.5 (and prior) supported.
*Acrobat Professional 6.0 &ndash; replacement for Acrobat 5.0, with new features. Distiller printer driver renamed Adobe PDF. PDFWriter now gone for good. New version of Catalog integrated and not compatible with earlier products for searching.
*Acrobat Standard 6.0 &ndash; limited version of Acrobat Professional, including Distiller but lacking features including Catalog, form design, prepress support.
*Updates to 6.0.1, 6.0.2, 6.0.3, 6.0.4, 6.0.5 and 6.0.6
*Dropped support for Windows 95 and Windows 98 First Edition. Acrobat Professional was Windows NT, 2000, XP only. Dropped support for Mac OS 9 and earlier. First release for Mac OS X.
*Distiller Server 6.0.
*Acrobat Elements 6.0 &ndash; PDF creation only, aimed at the corporate market (minimum 1000 licenses, Windows only)
*Acrobat Elements Server 6.0 &ndash; client/server version of Acrobat Elements
*Technology for "Reader enabling", allowing Reader to save, sign or annotate PDF files if the licensee had enabled the files.


==Security==
]
A comprehensive list of security bulletins for most Adobe products and related versions is published on their ''Security bulletins and advisories'' page and in other related venues.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://helpx.adobe.com/security.html#acrobat |title= Security Bulletins and Advisories |work=adobe.com |publisher=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.locklizard.com/pdf_security_news/ |title=Adobe PDF Security Issues, Acrobat Vulnerabilities, PDF Cracks |publisher=]}}</ref> In particular, the detailed history of security updates for all versions of Adobe Acrobat has been made public.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat.html |title=Security Bulletins and Advisories – Adobe Acrobat |work=adobe.com|publisher=]}}</ref>
]


From Version 3.02 onwards, Acrobat Reader has included support for ]. This functionality allows a PDF document creator to include code which executes when the document is read. Malicious PDF files that attempt to attack ] can be attached to links on web pages or distributed as email attachments. While JavaScript is designed without direct access to the file system to make it "safe", vulnerabilities have been reported for abuses such as distributing malicious code by Acrobat programs.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://lwn.net/Articles/129729/ |title=Unexpected features in Acrobat 7 |last=Brockmeier |first=Joe |date=30 March 2005 |access-date=20 February 2009 |work=] |publisher=Eklektix}}</ref> Adobe applications had already become the most popular client-software targets for attackers during the last quarter of 2009.<ref>{{cite web
'''Adobe Reader 7.0 was released January 2005.'''<ref>http://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/pressroom/pressreleases/200501/010505Acrobat.html</ref>
|url=http://mcafee.com/us/local_content/reports/threats_2009Q4_final.pdf
|title=McAfee Threats Report: Fourth Quarter 2009
|publisher=McAfee Avert Labs
|page=16
|date=February 2010
|access-date=9 May 2010
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100215182751/http://www.mcafee.com/us/local_content/reports/threats_2009Q4_final.pdf
|archive-date=15 February 2010
}}</ref> ] predicted that Adobe software, especially Reader and ], would be the primary target for software attacks in the year 2010.<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://mcafee.com/us/local_content/reports/7985rpt_labs_threat-predict_0110_fnl_lores.pdf
|title=2010 Threat Predictions
|publisher=McAfee Labs
|page=2
|date=December 2009
|access-date=9 May 2010
|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5qBbtBYx6?url=http://mcafee.com/us/local_content/reports/7985rpt_labs_threat-predict_0110_fnl_lores.pdf
|archive-date=2 June 2010
|url-status=dead
|df=dmy-all
}}
</ref>


===September 2006 warning===
*Updates to 7.0.1, 7.0.2, 7.0.3, 7.0.5, 7.0.7, 7.0.8 and 7.0.9.
On September 13, 2006, David Kierznowski provided sample PDF files illustrating ] vulnerabilities. Since at least version 6, JavaScript can be disabled using the preferences menu<ref>{{cite web
*PDF version 1.6 (and prior) supported.
|url = https://www.zdnet.com/article/adobe-turn-off-javascript-in-pdf-reader/
*Acrobat Professional 7.0 &ndash; now includes ] 7.0 (Windows only) for XML form design (different and incompatible with previous form support) &ndash; Ability to embed 3D object information from the .u3d ] format. First version to include controversial mandatory ].
|title = Adobe: Turn off JavaScript in PDF Reader
*Acrobat Standard 7.0
|first = Ryan
*Acrobat Elements 7.0 (now minimum 100 licenses)
|last = Naraine
*Acrobat 3D (Windows only) &ndash; includes all of the functionality of Acrobat Professional 7.0 as well as updated support for embedded 3D, tools for capturing 3D content from OpenGL applications, and the Adobe Acrobat 3D Toolkit for converting CAD documents to PDF objects. Also included is a version of the capture tool for installation on Unix.
|date = 28 April 2009
*Windows NT 4.0, 2000, XP, Mac OS X only for Acrobat. Although Linux, Solaris (SPARC only), HP-UX and AIX versions of Adobe Reader have been released.
|work = ]
*Other LiveCycle products include LiveCycle Barcoded Forms, LiveCycle Document Security, ] (previously Document Server for Reader Extensions and other names), LiveCycle Forms (previously Form Server), LiveCycle Form Manager, LiveCycle Policy Server and LiveCycle Workflow. Some of these are server solutions intended for large businesses. Only LiveCycle Designer is bundled with Acrobat Professional.
|publisher = ]
]]]
}}
'''Adobe Reader 8.0 was released November 2006.'''<ref>http://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/pressroom/pressreleases/200609/091806Acrobat.html</ref>
</ref> and embedded URLs that are launched are intercepted by a security warning dialog box to either allow or block the website from activating.<ref>{{cite web
*PDF version 1.7 (and prior) supported.
|url = http://www.eweek.com/article2/0,1895,2016606,00.asp
*Acrobat 8 Elements (was due for release mid-2007, now withdrawn before release) <ref>http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobatpro/acrobatel_faq.html</ref>
|title = Hacker Discovers Adobe PDF Back Doors
*Acrobat 8 Standard (Windows only; Macintosh version not produced)
|first = Ryan
*Acrobat 8 Professional
|last = Naraine
*Acrobat 3D Version 8 (released May 31)
|date = 15 September 2006
*Acrobat Connect (new in Acrobat family, formerly ]) &ndash; online personal meeting rooms to collaborate in real time for up to 15 participants.
|work = ]
*Acrobat Connect Professional (new in Acrobat family, formerly ]) &ndash; Scalable, interactive web conferencing and multiple personal meeting rooms for everyone across an enterprise.
|publisher = Ziff Davis Enterprise Holdings Inc
*Mac OS X versions are ] and only run on Mac OS X 10.4.
|access-date = 5 August 2011
|quote = David Kierznowski, a penetration testing expert specializing in Web application testing, has released proof-of-concept code and rigged PDF files to demonstrate how the Adobe Reader program could be used to initiate attacks without any user action.
}}{{Dead link|date=February 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>


===February 2009 warning===
'''On June 2007, an update for Adobe 8 Professional and Adobe Reader 8.1 were released in order to support ] and ]. (version 8.1)'''
On February 19, 2009, Adobe released a Security Bulletin announcing JavaScript vulnerabilities in Adobe Reader and Acrobat versions 9 and earlier.<ref>{{cite web|title=Security Updates available for Adobe Reader and Acrobat versions 9 and earlier|url=https://www.adobe.com/support/security/advisories/apsa09-01.html|work=adobe.com|publisher=]|access-date=11 August 2013|date=19 February 2009}}</ref> As a workaround for this issue, ] recommended disabling JavaScript in the affected Adobe products, canceling integration with ] and web browsers (while carrying out an extended version of de-integration for ]), deactivating Adobe indexing services and avoiding all PDF files from external sources.<ref name="USCERT905281">{{cite web
|url=http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/905281
|title=Vulnerability Note VU#905281
|publisher=]
|date=20 February 2009
|access-date=20 February 2009
|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090223105204/http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/905281
|archive-date= 23 February 2009
|url-status= live
}}</ref>


===February 2013 warning===
==Criticisms==
Adobe has identified critical vulnerabilities in Adobe Reader and Acrobat XI (11.0.01 and earlier) for Windows and Macintosh, 9.5.3 and earlier 9.x versions. These vulnerabilities could cause the application to crash and potentially allow an attacker to take control of the affected system. There have been reports of these vulnerabilities being exploited to trick Windows users into clicking on a malicious PDF file delivered in an email message. Adobe recommended users update their product installations.<ref>{{cite web
From Version 3.02 onwards, Acrobat Reader (now Adobe Reader) has included support for ]. This functionality allows the document creator to include code which executes when the document is read. While JavaScript is designed without direct access to the file system to make it "safe", vulnerabilities have been reported for abuses such as distributing malicious code through Acrobat.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://lwn.net/Articles/129729/| title=Unexpected features in Acrobat 7| last=Brockmeier| first=Joe| date=]| accessdate=2007-01-10| work=]}}</ref> On ], ], ] provided sample PDF files illustrating these vulnerabilities. In the most current version of the Acrobat Reader, JavaScript can be disabled using the preferences menu and embedded URLs that are launched are intercepted by a security warning dialog box to either allow or block the website from launching.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.eweek.com/article2/0,1895,2016606,00.asp| title=Hacker Discovers Adobe PDF Back Doors| work=]| date=]| accessdate=2007-01-10| last=Naraine| first=Ryan}}</ref>
|url = https://www.adobe.com/support/security/advisories/apsa13-02.html
|title = Security Advisory for Adobe Reader and Acrobat
|publisher = ]
}}
</ref>


===January 2016 warning===
There have been a number of people who consider the software to be too slow to load and use,<ref>http://searchenginewatch.com/showPage.html?page=3456481</ref> so they have developed work around solutions to speed up the software.<ref>http://underscorebleach.net/jotsheet/2005/01/fix-adobe-acrobat-pdf-problems</ref> The application has been improved by Adobe as the latest version of the software does load quicker; Adobe claims that Adobe Reader 7 users can "Open and save PDF files faster than ever" as version 7.0 launches "up to 50% faster than version 6.0".<ref>http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/acrrwhatsnew.html</ref>
Adobe has released security updates for Adobe Acrobat and Reader for Windows and Macintosh. These updates address critical vulnerabilities that could potentially allow an attacker to take control of the affected system.<ref>{{cite web
|url = https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb16-02.html
|title = Security Advisory for Adobe Reader and Acrobat
|publisher = ]
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|url = https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/current-activity/2016/03/08/Adobe-Releases-Security-Updates-Acrobat-Reader-and-Digital-Editions
|title = Adobe Releases Security Updates for Acrobat, Reader, and Digital Editions
|publisher = ]
}}</ref>


==See also==
Adobe has also refused to support past versions (version prior to version 8 - their latest) under Windows Vista. Anyone purchasing a new computer must either sacrifice using Adobe PDF tools, step back to Windows XP, or pay an upgrade fee to version 8 to be able to continue using Adobe products.
* ]
* ]


==References== ==References==
{{reflist}} {{Reflist|30em}}


==See also== ==External links==
*{{commons-inline}}
* ]


{{PDF readers}}
==External links==
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
* Acrobat user and
{{AdobeCS}} {{AdobeCS}}
{{Adobe eLearning Suite}}
{{Adobe Technical Communication Suite}}
{{Adobe Systems}}


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Latest revision as of 03:59, 29 November 2024

Set of application software to view, edit and manage files in Portable Document Format (PDF)
Adobe Acrobat
Adobe Acrobat Pro running on Windows 11. Other editions of Acrobat (Standard and Reader) feature a similar interface.
Developer(s)Adobe
Initial release1993; 32 years ago (1993)
Stable release(s) [±]
Windows OS, continuous track24.003.20180 / October 3, 2024; 3 months ago (2024-10-03)
macOS, continuous track24.003.20180 / October 3, 2024; 3 months ago (2024-10-03)
Windows OS, classic track (2020)20.005.30680 / September 10, 2024; 3 months ago (2024-09-10)
macOS, classic track (2020)20.005.30710 / September 10, 2024; 3 months ago (2024-09-10)
Android24.9.3.35572 / September 27, 2024; 3 months ago (2024-09-27)
iOS24.09.51 / October 1, 2024; 3 months ago (2024-10-01)
Windows, UWP, PC23.008.20533 / February 13, 2024; 10 months ago (2024-02-13)
Windows, UWP, mobile16.0.137027 / February 3, 2016; 8 years ago (2016-02-03)
Linux9.5.5 / May 14, 2013; 11 years ago (2013-05-14)
Solaris9.4.1 / November 30, 2010; 14 years ago (2010-11-30)
HP-UX, AIX7.0.9 / January 9, 2007; 18 years ago (2007-01-09)
Preview release(s) [±]
Android (Beta)23.11.0.30448.Beta / November 17, 2023; 13 months ago (2023-11-17)
Operating system
Size
  • 426 MB (Acrobat Reader)
  • 1.11 GB (Acrobat Pro)
TypeDesktop publishing
LicenseProprietary (freeware or trialware)
Websiteacrobat.adobe.com

Adobe Acrobat is a family of application software and web services developed by Adobe Inc. to view, create, manipulate, print and manage Portable Document Format (PDF) files.

The family comprises Acrobat Reader (formerly Reader), Acrobat (formerly Exchange) and Acrobat.com. The basic Acrobat Reader, available for several desktop and mobile platforms, is freeware; it supports viewing, printing, scaling or resizing and annotating of PDF files. Additional, "Premium", services are available on paid subscription. The commercial proprietary Acrobat, available for Microsoft Windows, macOS, and mobile, can also create, edit, convert, digitally sign, encrypt, export and publish PDF files. Acrobat.com complements the family with a variety of enterprise content management and file hosting services.

Purpose

The main function of Adobe Acrobat is creating, viewing, and editing PDF documents. It can import popular document and image formats and save them as PDF. It is also possible to import a scanner's output, a website, or the contents of the Windows clipboard.

Because of the nature of the PDF, however, once a PDF document is created, its natural organization and flow cannot be meaningfully modified. In other words, Adobe Acrobat is able to modify the contents of paragraphs and images, but doing so does not repaginate the whole document to accommodate for a longer or shorter document. Acrobat can crop PDF pages, change their order, manipulate hyperlinks, digitally sign a PDF file, add comments, redact certain parts of the PDF file, and ensure its adherence to such standards as PDF/A.

History

Further information: Adobe Acrobat version history

Adobe Acrobat was launched in 1993 and had to compete with other products and proprietary formats that aimed to create digital documents:

Acrobat XIReader XIDistiller XIAcrobat.comCreatePDFExportPDFEchoSignFormsCentralSendNowOld logos of Acrobat programs and services

Adobe has renamed the Acrobat products several times, in addition to merging, splitting and discontinuing them. Initially, the offered products were called Acrobat Reader, Acrobat Exchange and Acrobat Distiller. "Acrobat Exchange" soon became "Acrobat". Over time, "Acrobat Reader" became "Reader". Between versions 3 and 5, Acrobat did not have several editions. In 1999, the Acrobat.com service came to being and introduced several web services whose names started with "Acrobat", but eventually, "Acrobat.com" was downgraded from the name of the family of services, to that of one of those services.

Unlike most other Adobe products, such as members of Adobe Creative Suite family, the Acrobat products do not have icons that display two letters on a colored rectangle.

Document Cloud

In April 2015, Adobe introduced the "Document Cloud" branding (alongside its Creative Cloud) to signify its adoption of the cloud storage and the software as a service model. Programs under this branding received a "DC" suffix. In addition, "Reader" was renamed back to "Acrobat Reader". Following the introduction of Document Cloud, Acrobat.com was discontinued as their features were integrated into the desktop programs and mobile apps.

The GUI had major changes with the introduction of Acrobat DC in 2015, which supports Windows 7 and later, and OS X 10.9 and later. Version numbers are now identified by the last two digits of the year of major release, and the month and year is specified; the previous version was 12, but examples of the DC (Document Cloud) Acrobat product family versions are DC June 2016, version 15.016.20045, released 2 June 2016 and DC Classic January 2016, version 15.006.30119, released 12 January 2016. From DC 2015 the Acrobat family is available in two tracks, the original track, now named Classic, and the Continuous track. Updates for the Classic track are released quarterly, and do not include new features, whereas updates for the Continuous track are issued more frequently, and implemented silently and automatically.

The last pre-DC version, Acrobat XI, was updated to 11.0.23 version (and this was the final release) on November 14, 2017, support for which had ended a month earlier on October 15, 2017. In September 2020, Adobe released a feature to make documents easier to read on phones called "Liquid Mode" using its Sensei AI.

Adobe Acrobat family products

Current services

  • Acrobat.com is the web version of Acrobat developed by Adobe to edit, create, manipulate, print and manage files in a PDF. It is currently available for users with a web browser and an Adobe ID only.
  • Acrobat Distiller is a software application for converting documents from PostScript format to PDF.
  • Acrobat Pro is the professional full version of Acrobat developed by Adobe to edit, create, manipulate, print and manage files in a PDF. It is currently available for Windows and macOS.
  • Acrobat Reader is the freeware version of Acrobat developed by Adobe to view, create, fill, print and format files in a PDF. It is currently available for Windows, macOS, iOS, and Android.
  • Acrobat Standard is the standard full version of Acrobat developed by Adobe to edit, create, manipulate, print and manage files in a PDF. It is currently available for Windows.
  • Document Cloud is part of the Acrobat family developed by Adobe to edit, create, save online, print and format files in a PDF. It is currently available for users with a web browser and an Adobe ID only.
  • Fill & Sign is part of the Acrobat family developed by Adobe to fill, sign, and manage files in a PDF. It is currently available for Windows, macOS, iOS, and Android.
  • Scan is part of the Acrobat family developed by Adobe Inc. to scan, crop, and manage files in a PDF. It is currently available for iOS and Android.
  • Sign (formerly EchoSign and eSign) is part of the Acrobat family developed by Adobe Inc. to fill, sign, and manage files in a PDF. It is currently available for iOS and Android.

Discontinued services

  • Acrobat Approval allows users to deploy electronic forms based on a PDF.
  • Acrobat Business Tools is a discontinued component of the Acrobat family that was distributed by Adobe Systems with collaboration and document review features.
  • Acrobat Capture is a document processing utility for Windows from Adobe Systems that converts a scan of any paper document into a PDF file with selectable text through OCR technology.
  • Acrobat Distiller Server is a discontinued server-based utility that was developed by Adobe Systems to perform centralized high-volume conversion of PostScript documents to PDF formats for workgroups.
  • Acrobat eBook Reader is a PDF-based e-book reader from Adobe Systems. Features present in Acrobat eBook Reader later appeared in Digital Editions.
  • Acrobat Elements was a very basic version of the Acrobat family that was released by Adobe Systems. Its key feature advantage over the free Acrobat Reader was the ability to create reliable PDF files from Microsoft Office applications.
  • Acrobat InProduction is a pre-press tools suite for Acrobat released by Adobe in 2000 to handle color separation and pre-flighting of PDF files for printing.
  • Acrobat Messenger is a document utility for Acrobat users that was released by Adobe Systems in 2000 to convert paper documents into PDF files that can be e-mailed, faxed, or shared online.
  • Acrobat Reader Touch is a free PDF document viewer developed and released on December 11, 2012, by Adobe Systems for the Windows Touch user interface.
  • FormsCentral was a web form filling server for users with Windows, macOS, or a web browser and an Adobe ID only. It was discontinued on July 28, 2015, and replaced with Experience Manager Forms.
  • Send & Track (formerly SendNow and Send) was a service that lets you send files as links, track files you send to specific individuals, and get confirmation receipts when others view your file. It was completely discontinued as of July 11, 2018.

Hidden helper tools

  • Acrobat Synchronizer is a tool installed along with Acrobat versions. While running in the background, it maintains the accuracy of Acrobat files imported to Acrobat.
  • RdrCEF (also known as Adobe Reader Cloud Extension Feature) is a tool bundled with Acrobat that runs a process that handles cloud connectivity features.

Supported file formats

The table below contains some of the supported file formats that can be opened or accessed in Adobe Acrobat.

File format Extension
Acrobat Data File ACRODATA
Acrobat Forms Data Format FDF
Adobe Illustrator File AI
Acrobat Index File PDX
Acrobat Job Definition File JDF
Acrobat Language Plug-in LNG
Acrobat MIME Encoded Job

Definition File

MJD
Acrobat Plug-in ACROPLUGIN
Acrobat Plug-in API
Acrobat Security Settings File ACROBATSECURITYSETTINGS
Acrobat Sequence File SEQU
Acrobat XFDF File XFDF
Adobe Color Separations Table AST
Adobe Dictionary Data File ENV
Adobe Joboptions File JOBOPTIONS
Adobe Linguistic Library Data File LEX
Adobe MARS File MARS
Adobe Portable Document Format

File

PDF
Adobe Profile File APF
Apple QuickTime Movie MOV
Design Web Format File DWF
Drawing Exchange Format File DXF
Encapsulated PostScript Format File EPSF
Flash MP4 Video File F4V
Flash Video File FLV
Hypertext Markup Language HTM, HTML
iTunes Video File M4V
Plain Text File TXT
PostScript File PS
PostScript Image Data File PSID
Product Representation Compact

File

PRC
Shockwave Flash Movie SWF
Universal 3D File U3D
XML Data Package XDP
XML Paper Specification File XPS

Internationalization and localization

This section possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (May 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

Adobe Acrobat is available in the following languages: Arabic, Chinese Simplified, Chinese Traditional, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish and Ukrainian. Arabic and Hebrew versions are available from WinSoft International, Adobe Systems' internationalization and localization partner.

Before Adobe Acrobat DC, separate Arabic and Hebrew versions were developed specifically for these languages, which are normally written right-to-left. These versions include special TouchUp properties to manage digits, ligatures option and paragraph direction in right-to-left Middle Eastern scripts such as Arabic, Hebrew, and Persian, as well as standard left-to-right Indian scripts such as Devanagari and Gujarati. The Web Capture feature can convert single web pages or entire web sites into PDF files, while preserving the content's original text encoding. Acrobat can also copy Arabic and Hebrew text to the system clipboard in its original encoding; if the target application is also compatible with the text encoding, then the text will appear in the correct script.

Security

A comprehensive list of security bulletins for most Adobe products and related versions is published on their Security bulletins and advisories page and in other related venues. In particular, the detailed history of security updates for all versions of Adobe Acrobat has been made public.

From Version 3.02 onwards, Acrobat Reader has included support for JavaScript. This functionality allows a PDF document creator to include code which executes when the document is read. Malicious PDF files that attempt to attack security vulnerabilities can be attached to links on web pages or distributed as email attachments. While JavaScript is designed without direct access to the file system to make it "safe", vulnerabilities have been reported for abuses such as distributing malicious code by Acrobat programs. Adobe applications had already become the most popular client-software targets for attackers during the last quarter of 2009. McAfee predicted that Adobe software, especially Reader and Flash, would be the primary target for software attacks in the year 2010.

September 2006 warning

On September 13, 2006, David Kierznowski provided sample PDF files illustrating JavaScript vulnerabilities. Since at least version 6, JavaScript can be disabled using the preferences menu and embedded URLs that are launched are intercepted by a security warning dialog box to either allow or block the website from activating.

February 2009 warning

On February 19, 2009, Adobe released a Security Bulletin announcing JavaScript vulnerabilities in Adobe Reader and Acrobat versions 9 and earlier. As a workaround for this issue, US-CERT recommended disabling JavaScript in the affected Adobe products, canceling integration with Windows shell and web browsers (while carrying out an extended version of de-integration for Internet Explorer), deactivating Adobe indexing services and avoiding all PDF files from external sources.

February 2013 warning

Adobe has identified critical vulnerabilities in Adobe Reader and Acrobat XI (11.0.01 and earlier) for Windows and Macintosh, 9.5.3 and earlier 9.x versions. These vulnerabilities could cause the application to crash and potentially allow an attacker to take control of the affected system. There have been reports of these vulnerabilities being exploited to trick Windows users into clicking on a malicious PDF file delivered in an email message. Adobe recommended users update their product installations.

January 2016 warning

Adobe has released security updates for Adobe Acrobat and Reader for Windows and Macintosh. These updates address critical vulnerabilities that could potentially allow an attacker to take control of the affected system.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Overview — Acrobat and Adobe Reader DC Release Notes". Adobe Systems. Retrieved 2024-10-06.
  2. ^ "24.003.20180 Planned update, Oct 03, 2024". Adobe Systems. Retrieved 2024-10-06.
  3. "20.005.30680 Planned update, Sep 10, 2024". Adobe Systems. Retrieved 2024-09-15.
  4. "20.005.30710 Optional update, Sep 16, 2024 (Mac Only)". Adobe Systems. Retrieved 2024-10-06.
  5. Adobe Systems. "Adobe Reader". Google Play. Google Inc. Retrieved 2024-10-06.
  6. Adobe Systems. "Adobe Reader". App Store. Apple. Retrieved 2024-10-06.
  7. "Adobe Reader Microsoft Store page". Microsoft Store. Microsoft. Retrieved 2024-07-30.
  8. Adobe Systems. "Adobe Acrobat Reader". Windows Store. Microsoft.
  9. "FTP download of Adobe Reader for Linux". ftp. Adobe Systems. Retrieved 2013-05-15.
  10. "Adobe - Security Bulletins: APSB13-15 - Security updates for Adobe Reader and Acrobat". Adobe Systems. Retrieved 2015-11-26. Release date: May 14, 2013; Last updated: August 8, 2013; Vulnerability identifier: APSB13-15
  11. "Security Advisory for Adobe Flash Player, Adobe Reader and Acrobat". Adobe Systems. Retrieved 2018-04-19. Release date: October 28, 2010; Last updated: November 16, 2010; Vulnerability identifier: APSA10-05
  12. "Update available for vulnerabilities in versions 7.0.8 and earlier of Adobe Reader and Acrobat". Adobe Systems. Retrieved 2018-05-21. Release date: January 9, 2007; Last updated: January 16, 2007; Vulnerability identifier: APSB07-01
  13. Adobe Systems. "Adobe Reader". Google Play. Google Inc. Retrieved 2023-11-19.
  14. "Download new and previous versions of Adobe Reader". Adobe.com. Adobe Systems. Retrieved 7 April 2022.
  15. "Adobe Acrobat Reader Distribution". adobe.com. Adobe Systems. Retrieved 19 Nov 2023.
  16. "Download Acrobat installer for Enterprise term or VIP license". Adobe.com. Adobe Systems. Retrieved 19 Nov 2023.
  17. "Adobe Acrobat family". 2008. Archived from the original on 19 January 2008. Retrieved 19 January 2008.
  18. "Scale or resize PDF pages. Adobe".
  19. "Adobe Reader". 2008. Archived from the original on 18 January 2008. Retrieved 19 January 2008.
  20. Borzo, Jeanette (14 June 1993). "Paperless: Tools resurrect hope for paperless office concept". InfoWorld. 15 (24). ISSN 0199-6649.
  21. Eckerson, Wayne (26 July 1993). "Farallon gives Adobe Acrobat run for money". Network World. 10 (30). International Data Group: 86. ISSN 0887-7661.
  22. Jarrin, Christopher (22 July 1996). "Reading what you sow". InfoWorld. 18 (30): 66. ISSN 0199-6649.
  23. Heller, Martin (April 9, 2015). "Review: Adobe Acrobat polishes its act". InfoWorld. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
  24. Frank, Blair Hanley (October 13, 2015). "Adobe teams up with Dropbox as part of Document Cloud upgrades". IDG News Service. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
  25. "Release Notes - Acrobat, Reader". Acrobat Help. Adobe Systems.
  26. "Document Cloud Product Tracks — Enterprise Administration Guide". Adobe.com. Retrieved 27 June 2016.
  27. "Document Cloud Product Tracks — Deployment Planning and Configuration".
  28. "Adobe Security Bulletin". helpx.adobe.com. Retrieved 2017-11-30.
  29. "11.0.23 Planned update, November 14, 2017 — Acrobat and Adobe Reader Release Notes". www.adobe.com. Retrieved 2017-11-30.
  30. "Adobe Support Policies: Supported Product Versions". Adobe. 2016. Retrieved 20 October 2016.
  31. Moon, M. (September 23, 2020). "Adobe's Liquid Mode uses AI to make PDFs easier to read on phones". Engadget. Retrieved 2022-05-31.
  32. "Adobe Acrobat DC FAQ". helpx.adobe.com. Adobe Systems. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
  33. "Adobe Releases Acrobat Approval 5.0". www.infotoday.com. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
  34. "Acrobat family - Product comparison". 2003-04-07. Archived from the original on 2003-04-07. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
  35. "What is Adobe Acrobat Synchronizer? | Techwalla".
  36. "RdrCEF.exe Windows process - What is it?". www.file.net. Retrieved 2021-05-19.
  37. "Adobe Acrobat DC 2019 Overview and Supported File Types". fileinfo.com. Retrieved 2021-04-21.
  38. "Adobe Acrobat Professional software – Communicate and collaborate with the essential PDF solution, enhanced features for Central and East European and Middle Eastern users". Winsoft-international.com. Archived from the original on 31 August 2010. Retrieved 4 December 2010.
  39. "Security Bulletins and Advisories". adobe.com. Adobe Systems.
  40. "Adobe PDF Security Issues, Acrobat Vulnerabilities, PDF Cracks". Locklizard.
  41. "Security Bulletins and Advisories – Adobe Acrobat". adobe.com. Adobe Systems.
  42. Brockmeier, Joe (30 March 2005). "Unexpected features in Acrobat 7". LWN.net. Eklektix. Retrieved 20 February 2009.
  43. "McAfee Threats Report: Fourth Quarter 2009" (PDF). McAfee Avert Labs. February 2010. p. 16. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 February 2010. Retrieved 9 May 2010.
  44. "2010 Threat Predictions" (PDF). McAfee Labs. December 2009. p. 2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 June 2010. Retrieved 9 May 2010.
  45. Naraine, Ryan (28 April 2009). "Adobe: Turn off JavaScript in PDF Reader". ZDNet. CBS Interactive.
  46. Naraine, Ryan (15 September 2006). "Hacker Discovers Adobe PDF Back Doors". eWeek. Ziff Davis Enterprise Holdings Inc. Retrieved 5 August 2011. David Kierznowski, a penetration testing expert specializing in Web application testing, has released proof-of-concept code and rigged PDF files to demonstrate how the Adobe Reader program could be used to initiate attacks without any user action.
  47. "Security Updates available for Adobe Reader and Acrobat versions 9 and earlier". adobe.com. Adobe Systems. 19 February 2009. Retrieved 11 August 2013.
  48. "Vulnerability Note VU#905281". US-CERT. 20 February 2009. Archived from the original on 23 February 2009. Retrieved 20 February 2009.
  49. "Security Advisory for Adobe Reader and Acrobat". Adobe Systems.
  50. "Security Advisory for Adobe Reader and Acrobat". Adobe Systems.
  51. "Adobe Releases Security Updates for Acrobat, Reader, and Digital Editions". United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team.

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