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{{short description|American comedy-drama television series}}
{{infobox Television
{{About|the television series|the film|Dead like Me: Life After Death}}
| show_name = Dead Like Me
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2012}}
| image = ]
{{Infobox television
| caption = ''Dead Like Me''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s intertitle
| image = DLM logo.JPG
| format = ] ]
| genre = {{plainlist|
| runtime = approx. 47 minutes
* ]
| creator = ]
* ]
| executive_producer = ]
* ]
| theme_music_composer = ]
}}
| starring = ]<br /> ]<br /> ]<br /> ]<br /> ]<br /> ]
| runtime = 40–50 minutes<br />74 minutes ("Pilot")
| country = ]
| creator = ]
| network = ]
| executive_producer = Bryan Fuller<br />]<br />]<br />Stephen Godchaux
| first_aired = ], ]
| last_aired = ], ] | location = ], ]
| theme_music_composer = ]
| num_episodes = 29
| starring = ]<br />]<br />]<br />]<br />]<br />]
| list_episodes = List of Dead Like Me episodes
| narrated = Ellen Muth
| imdb_id = 0348913
| country = United States
| tv_com_id = 16840
| language = English
| company = John Masius Productions<br>]
| network = ]
| first_aired = {{Start date|2003|6|27}}
| last_aired = {{End date|2004|10|31}}
| num_seasons = 2
| num_episodes = 29
| list_episodes = List of Dead Like Me episodes
| related = '']''
}} }}
'''''Dead Like Me''''' is an ] ] ] created by ] for the ] network starring ] and ]
as ]s in ]. The series was inspired by the ] novel ].<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.allmovie.com/cg/avg.dll?p=avg&sql=1:289033
| title = ''Dead Like Me'' | accessmonthday = June 21 | accessyear = 2007
| last = Erickson | first = Hal
| publisher = ]
}}</ref>


'''''Dead Like Me''''' is an American ] television series starring ] and ] as ] who reside and work in ], ]. Filmed in ], ], the show was created by ] for the ] cable network, where it ran for two seasons (]–]). Fuller left the show five episodes into the first season because of creative differences; creative direction was taken over by executive producers ] and Stephen Godchaux. A ] film titled '']'' was released on February 17, 2009.<ref name=movie>{{cite web|url=http://www.tvshowsondvd.com/news/Dead-Like-Life-After-Death/10993|title=Official Press Release for ''Life After Death'' Direct-to-DVD Film and ''The Complete Collection: Soul Collectors''' Edition 9-Disc Set|publisher=TVShowsOnDVD.com|date=December 8, 2008|access-date=May 23, 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090828003707/http://www.tvshowsondvd.com/news/Dead-Like-Life-After-Death/10993|archive-date=August 28, 2009|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
Eighteen-year-old Georgia "George" Lass (played by Muth) is the show's ] and ]. George dies early in the ], leaving her mother (]) and rest of her family behind at a point when her relationships with them were on shaky ground. She is tapped to become one of the "undead", a grim reaper. She soon learns that a reaper's job is to remove the ]s of people, preferably right before they die, and escort them until they move on into their ]. The show explores the "lives" and experiences of a small team of such reapers &mdash; a team led by Rube (played by Patinkin) — as well as the post-mortem changes in George and George's family as they deal with George's death.


Eighteen-year-old Georgia "George" Lass (]) is the show's ] and narrator. George dies early in the pilot episode and becomes one of the "]", a "]". George soon learns that a reaper's job is to remove the ]s of people, preferably just before they die, and escort them until they move on into their ]. George's death leaves behind her mother (]) and the rest of her family at a point when her relationships with them were on shaky ground.
Fuller, the show's creator, left early due to creative differences; he went on to co-create '']'' and create '']''. ] of ''Dead Like Me'' was taken over by executive producer ].


The show explores the experiences of a small team of such reapers, as well as the changes in George and her family as they deal with George's death.
In New Zealand, the show's second season began airing on ] in June 2007.<ref> from Stuff.co.nz, a ] website</ref>


== Synopsis == == Series overview ==
Georgia Lass is aloof and emotionally distant from her family and shied away from her life. After dropping out from college, she takes a job at Happy Time Temporary Services. On her lunch break of her first day, she is hit and killed by a toilet seat from the de-orbiting of the ].<ref>The front page of a newspaper depicted in the pilot episode has an article and picture under the heading "Mir's Fiery Plunge".</ref>


=== Introduction ===
She is informed shortly after her death that, rather than moving on to the "]", she will become a grim reaper in the "external influence" division<ref>It is learned in the deleted scenes of the first season DVDs that a Reaper is placed in the division of the factor that killed them: those who died from external influences are placed in the external influences division; those who died as a result of the Plague are in the Plague division and so forth.</ref>, responsible for reaping souls of people who die in accidents (many of which are of ]-style complexity<ref>{{cite web
The first scene of the pilot episode introduces an ] where at the dawn of time, "god (lower-case g)"<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/06/29/arts/television-hi-i-m-george-and-i-ll-be-your-dead-person-tonight.html |title=Hi, I'm George, and I'll Be Your Dead Person Tonight |newspaper=The New York Times |date=June 29, 2003 |first=Laura |last=Miller |access-date=September 27, 2020 |archive-date=March 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309150550/https://www.nytimes.com/2003/06/29/arts/television-hi-i-m-george-and-i-ll-be-your-dead-person-tonight.html |url-status=live }}</ref> was busy with creation and gave Toad a clay jar containing ] which Toad promised to guard. Frog begged Toad to let him hold the jar, something to which Toad finally agreed. An excited Frog juggled the jar and finally dropped it, shattering it on the ground. When it broke open, death got out.
| url = http://www.dvdfile.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=408&Itemid=3
| title = "Dead Like Me: The Complete First Season"
| accessdate = 2006-10-06
| last = Zyber
| first = Joshua
| date = ] ]
| work =
| publisher = DVDFile, LLC
| language = ]
| quote = The outlandish Rube Goldberg-style chain reactions that cause each victim's death are a riot.
}}</ref>), ]s and ]s.


===Main plot===
Through the first season, George<!-- George is Georgia's nickname, do not "correct" seemingly wrong name/gender --> has trouble adjusting to her circumstances: collecting souls, while holding a day job at Happy Time. By the second season, she has mostly adjusted to her new role, though still has unresolved issues with her life and her afterlife.
{{see also|List of Dead Like Me episodes{{!}}List of ''Dead Like Me'' episodes}}
Georgia Lass is aloof and emotionally distant from her family and shies away from her life. After dropping out of college, she takes a ] through Happy Time Temporary Services. During her lunch break on her first day, she is hit and killed by a toilet seat falling from the ].<ref>{{cite episode |title=Pilot|episode-link=List of Dead Like Me episodes#Season 1 (2003)|series=Dead Like Me|network=]|season=1|number=1|minutes=13}}</ref> She is soon informed that, rather than moving on to the "]", she will become a grim reaper in the External Influence Division,<ref>{{cite episode |title=Pilot|episode-link=List of Dead Like Me episodes#Season 1 (2003) |series=Dead Like Me|network=]|season=1|number=1|minutes=24}}</ref> collecting souls of people who die in accidents (many of which have a ]-style complexity<ref>{{cite episode |title=Pilot|episode-link=List of Dead Like Me episodes#Season 1 (2003) |series=Dead Like Me|network=]|season=1|number=1|minutes=''(Special Features: The Music of Dead Like Me)'' 2}}</ref>), and ]s. Each reaper has a secret quota of souls; once the quota is met, the reaper moves on to another realm and the last soul reaped then takes his or her job collecting souls.


In Season 1, George<!-- George is Georgia's nickname, do not "correct" seemingly wrong name/gender --> has trouble adjusting to her circumstances&nbsp;– collecting souls while holding down a day job. By Season 2, she has mostly adjusted to her new role, with few unresolved issues with her life and her afterlife.
George's family is struggling to deal with her death. Her mother, Joy, is depressed, and visibly repressing it, while Clancy, her father, is ] on Joy. George's sister, Reggie, acts out — stealing toilet seats from neighbors and school, and hanging them on a tree — before being sent to ] by Joy. She clings to the belief that George visits her, but is starting to lie to cover this up. At the start of the second season, the family began to break apart as divorce proceedings began.


George's family is struggling to deal with her death. Her father, Clancy (]), has an affair that affects his marriage to Joy (]). Her sister, Reggie (]), acts out&nbsp;– stealing toilet seats from neighbors and school and hanging them on a tree&nbsp;– until her mother sends her to ]. Reggie clings to the belief that George visits her, but she is starting to lie to cover this up. At the start of Season 2, the family begins to break apart as Joy and Clancy divorce.
Nearly all of the main characters have some form of depression, however, they cope with it in different ways: Mason resorts to alcohol and drugs, Daisy puts on a veneer of perkiness, and Roxy is physically, and verbally aggressive. Rube and George are more open about their sadness.


All of the main characters have issues with their life after death, but they cope with it in different ways: Mason (]) resorts to alcohol and drugs; Daisy (]) puts on a veneer of perkiness; and Roxy (]) is physically and verbally aggressive. Rube (]) and George are more straightforward about their sadness.
== Cast and characters ==
{{main|List of Dead Like Me characters}}
=== Reapers ===
] George, Rube, Roxy, Mason and Daisy.]]
* ''']''' (]): The show's ]. In addition to being a grim reaper she has a day job at Happy Time Temporary Services, under the assumed name "Millie". She is killed when a toilet seat from the Mir space station falls on her.


=== Bryan Fuller's departure ===
* ''']''' (]): The head of the group of reapers; becomes the ] for George (whom he calls "Peanut") in her grim-reaping afterlife. He died in 1927 or earlier, and had a daughter named Rosie. It is hinted that he died while on the run after a robbery, though his actual manner of death is never made explicit.
] left early in the first season because of conflicts with ], including disagreement over major script and storyline cuts considered important to the main theme. He stated that the "lack of professionalism...made it really difficult. It was like being at war. They were constantly trying to strong arm me. It was the worst experience of my life." According to Fuller, Showtime canceled the show due to "a loss of quality and a sense the problems would continue."<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.mediavillage.com/jmentr/2005/06/06/jmer-06-06-05/ |title= Dead Like Me Creator Bryan Fuller Speaks Out on Showtime, MGM and the Future|access-date=July 29, 2007 |publisher=Media Village |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080213011501/http://www.mediavillage.com/jmentr/2005/06/06/jmer-06-06-05/ |archive-date = February 13, 2008}}</ref> Actress ] also departed the show after the series' fifth episode.


== Characters ==
* ''']''' (]): A strong-willed, sassy, independent character. She begins as a ] as her day job, but later on becomes a cop as soon as she realizes she is with the wrong job. She was killed in 1982 by a jealous roommate (strangled to death with ]s - which she invented).
{{Main|List of Dead Like Me characters}}


=== Reapers ===
* ''']''' (]): A spoiled actress who often tells stories about (alleged) sexual escapades with classic film stars. She died on ], ] in a fire in ], supposedly on the set of '']''. Her last thought was "Why has nobody ever loved me?"
] George, Rube, Daisy, Roxy, and Mason.]]
* ] (]): (1985–2003) The show's ], an 18-year-old college dropout. In addition to being a grim reaper she has a day job at Happy Time Temporary Services, under the assumed name "Millie Hagen". She was killed on June 27, 2003, when a toilet seat from the de-orbiting ] space station fell on her. Because of this, she is known among the reapers as "Toilet Seat Girl", a fact which earns her instant recognition/respect for dying in such a bizarre way.
* ] (]): (1876 – {{circa|1926}}) The head of the group of reapers. He is responsible for passing out reaping assignments, nearly always on yellow ]s. He becomes a ] for George (whom he calls "Peanut") in her grim-reaping afterlife, and had a daughter named Rose ("Rosie"), whom he had also called "Peanut". The manner of his death was not revealed, but in one episode his name and picture are seen on an old "Wanted" poster alleging that he was a bank robber. Because of this, it is believed that he died at the hands of the police (i.e. shoot-out or execution). He looks the same as he did while alive, possibly because his time of death was nearly one hundred years earlier and everyone who could possibly identify him has died, including his daughter Rosie (Rose Anne Sofer, born March 19, 1925; lived at 243 Georgian Lane, ]) and his ]n wife Lucy Sonia Sofer (née Debrowski), born in 1901.<ref>{{cite episode |title=Death Defying|episode-link=List of Dead Like Me episodes#Season 2 (2004) |series=Dead Like Me|network=]|season=2|number=10|minutes=24:16 }}</ref>
* ] (]): (1939–1966) A British drug addict, alcoholic and thief, but a likable person. He acts as an "older brother" figure to George, and is attracted to Daisy. He is originally from ], and died in 1966 by ] to achieve a "permanent high". He's considered the least responsible of "Rube's Post-it Crew" and often makes gaffes, cuts his reaps close, or is drunk or high much of the time.
* ] (]): (before 1960–1982) A strong-willed, sassy, independent woman. Her day job is initially as a ], but she later becomes a police officer. She was strangled to death by a jealous roommate in 1982 with ]s, which Roxy had invented. Although she is generally seen as tough and no-nonsense, she has a softer side, shown in "Reapercussions" after saving the life of J. H. Arnold.
* ] (]): (1899–1926) A confident, well-adjusted reaper in the first five episodes. She keeps ] of each of the souls she reaps, in department store shopping bags organized by personality type. She refers to this as her signature, as a way to separate herself from "the whole cloak and sickle thing." George begins to bond with her early in the first season, but she "hitches a ride" into the afterlife with one of the souls George had reaped and is never seen again. She died in 1926 while ] with her fiancé. In a similar fashion to the reaping of George, though Rube did not personally reap Betty, he did collect her soul, as shown in the season 1 episode "Reaping Havoc". (Though she refers later to having been alive in 1927, that is presumably an error in her memory since we are shown her tombstone.)
* ] (]): (before 1915–1938) A spoiled actress who often tells stories about her (alleged) sexual escapades with classic film stars. She died on December 13, 1938, of ]tion/smoke inhalation in ], though she originally claimed this occurred on the set of '']''. Her last thought before she died was, "Why has no one ever loved me?" Daisy is sent from New York City to Seattle in episode six as a replacement when Betty leaves. She is traumatically affected by the violent deaths of defenseless women by abusive men, and although Roxy yelled at her for tampering with a crime scene after such a reap, Daisy then revealed to Mason that she had a sister who (presumably) died that way. At the end of the second season, Daisy begins to acquire a reputation as a "bad luck charm" when Ray accuses her of killing people. When Ray's soul is transformed into a graveling, she enigmatically states in that and the next episode that she has "seen it before" and that it's "happening again." Daisy is recognized in the last episode by an elderly man in Der Waffle Haus while she is dressed as a police officer for Halloween; as stated in that episode, on Halloween, all reapers look as they did when alive.


=== George's family ===
* ''']''' (]): Despite being an addict and a thief, he is a likeable fellow, and acts as an "older brother" figure to George. He says he is in love with Daisy. He is originally from ], ], and is revealed to be an ] in episode 202. He died in 1966 by ] to achieve the permanent high.
* ] (]): George's younger sister. Though George ignored her while she was alive, Reggie is very much affected by the death of her sister. She believes that George's ghost still roams about the city and visits their home from time to time&nbsp;– technically, she is right. Due to her eccentric, seemingly pathological way of grieving her sister's death, Reggie is placed in psychiatric therapy.
* ] (]): George's mother has a pathological fear of balloons and who hates the word 'moist' because she thinks "it sounds pornographic". She likes to have order, rules, and control in her life. Other characters in the show, such as Joy's own mother, believe that her obsession with control is how she copes with denial of her own out-of-control life, her daughter George's death, her younger daughter's rather unconventional style of grieving over George's death, and her divorce from her husband. In the episode where her mother comes to visit, however, it becomes clear that Joy's problems stem more from the chaotic lifestyle and ] of her own childhood.
* ] (]): George's father. He is an English Professor at the University of Washington. His relationship with Joy begins to deteriorate seriously after George's death. He has an affair with one of his Shakespeare-class students (A.J. Cook), which becomes the final death knell to the marriage. In the Pilot it was suggested, by an overly-long hug, that his affair was with a young man but this homosexual thread was dropped and the student confirmed to be female in later episodes.


=== Happy Time Temporary Services ===
* ''']''' (]): A confident, well-adjusted reaper. She keeps ] of each of the souls she reaped in department store shopping bags, organized by personality type. She is beginning to bond with George when early in the first season she "hitches a ride" with one of the souls George had reaped and is never seen again. She died in 1926 while cliff-diving.
* ], as in, as she says, "her big brown eyes" (]): George's boss. Delores disliked George, but becomes friends with "Millie", for whom she becomes something of a maternal figure, offering advice and support, and on one occasion bailing "Millie" out of jail. Delores is optimistic, dynamic, and motivated; she has an active Internet presence through various social and dating sites, and runs a website (her home life on webcam) called 'Getting Things Done With Delores'. Occasionally, Delores will try to empathize with George by revealing startling facts about her past&nbsp;– including a ] habit, tattoos, and "all those restraining orders". She has a very elderly cat named Murray.
* ] (]): Happy Time's mysterious receptionist whose Happy Time record indicates that she speaks several languages and previously served as a special forces operative in Southeast Asia.<ref>{{cite episode |title=Always|episode-link=List of Dead Like Me episodes#Season 2 (2004) |series=Dead Like Me|network=]|season=2|number=28|minutes=18}}</ref> Crystal once helped the reapers organize into computer files a collection of souls' last thoughts.<ref name="Vacation">{{cite episode |title=Vacation|episode-link=List of Dead Like Me episodes#Season 1 (2003) |series=Dead Like Me|network=]|season=1|number=13}}</ref> She also dressed as a grim reaper for Halloween. She is also seen to steal great amounts of Post-it notes (like those used to notify reapers of their assignments) from Happy Time.


=== Miscellaneous characters ===
* ''']''' (]): Only a child, about 11-13 years old, Charlie is a different kind of reaper. He is an animal reaper (specifically household pets). He is homeless and was killed 7 years prior to his introduction by a drunk driver. He first met George when Deloris Herbig's cat Murry was sick and had to go to the vet. She introduced herself and he knew her as "Toilet Seat Girl." When Charlie later had to take the soul of a ] at Reggie's school, Reggie discovered that this wasn't a normal boy. She asked if he knew a girl named George, and he replied, "Was she killed by a toilet seat? Yeah, I've heard of her."
* ] (]): The reapers' usual server at "Der Waffle Haus". She is a quiet observer of the group, and takes their individual ] in stride. She also seems able to see their true faces, as on Halloween (despite their having "returned" to life appearances), Kiffany is able to recognize and interact with all of them without surprise&nbsp;– even newly dead George (spoiling the idea that only reapers so old as to be unrecognizable get their 'true faces'). Some of the characters believe her to be psychic.<ref>{{cite episode |title=Last Call|episode-link=List of Dead Like Me episodes#Season 2 (2004) |series=Dead Like Me|network=]|season=2|number=27|minutes=19}}</ref>
* ] (Spencer Achtymichuk): The youngest Reaper George knows is a child reaper, who she initially meets in a vet's waiting room when Delores' cat Murray has a health scare. (Charlie is really there to reap a rabbit.) Child reapers reap animals, and Charlie is seen reaping a komodo dragon in Reggie's school, and later her dog, J.D. (Just Dog). He died after being struck by a drunk driver's car seven years previously, and lives on the streets.
* ] (]): The oldest Reaper George meets is Penny, who died during the ] and whom Mason calls "older than forever and a day." Penny is one of Rube's old Post-It Crew in External Influences Division before she was transferred to a cushier gig in Long Term Care, where she works as a nurse in a nursing home. She says it is less hectic because everyone has a name tag, and no one is going anywhere. Mason and Roxy both greet Penny with affection upon her giving Rube a courtesy heads-up that his daughter, unbeknownst to him living in a long-term care center, was to be her reap that day. He accompanied Penny to say goodbye to Rose in "Always", and sang his dying daughter to sleep with the lullaby he had sung to her on the day of her childhood that he left and then died.


===Family=== == Mythology ==
*'''Joy Lass''' (]): George's uptight mother. She likes to have order, rules, and control in her life. Other characters in the show, such as her own mother, mention that her obsession with control is how she copes with denial of her own out-of-control life, such as her daughter George's death, her younger daughter's Reggie Lass grieving with sister George's death, and her divorce.
*'''Clancy Lass''' (]): George's father. He is an English Professor at the University of Washington. His relationship with Joy begins to seriously deteriorate after the death of George. He indulges Reggie as much as possible — possibly because this annoys Joy — and for a portion of the series, had an affair with one of his Shakespeare class students, becoming the final death knell to the marriage.
*''']''' (]): George's younger sister. Though George ignored her while she was alive, Reggie is very much affected by the death of her sister. She believes that her ghost still roams about the city and visits their home from time to time (technicaly, she is right).


===Happy Time Temporary Services=== === Grim reapers ===
In the world of ''Dead Like Me'', grim reapers do not wear black cloaks or carry ]s (cloaks and scythes are only featured during the opening credits, for humorous effect), but their role remains traditional: they remove the ]s of the living shortly before death and ]. One becomes a reaper by being the last soul collected when one's own reaper meets his or her secret quota.
*'''Delores Herbig''' (]): George's boss. Delores Herbig becomes the supportive, maternal figure that George never had when alive.
*'''Crystal Smith''' (]): Happy Time's receptionist. A very mysterious person who seems to know more than what she barely says. She once helped the reapers organize into computer files souls' last thoughts. She steals office supplies, specifically POST-IT NOTES. Although unconfirmed due to the shows cancellation, it may be possible that Crystal herself is a grim reaper like Rube.


In the series, Death has a list of who is scheduled to die and when. This list is delivered to the head of each group by a shadowy figure (when the delivery is made to Rube's apartment; it is shown that the delivery is made by an actual ], with the list of names becoming corporeal only when it is delivered). The head of each group then gives each reaper a non-transferable assignment to collect a particular soul or souls.<ref name=pilot67>{{cite episode |title=Pilot|episode-link=List of Dead Like Me episodes#Season 1 (2003)|series=Dead Like Me|network=]|season=1|number=1|minutes=67}}</ref> Completing that assignment is often difficult for the reapers, who receive only the first (and sometimes middle) initial and last name of the person about to die, the location, and estimated time of death (ETD). If a reaper refuses to take a soul at their place of death and the person somehow survives their appointed time, the soul will "wither and die and rot inside" them.<ref name=pilot67 /> If a reaper does not take a soul and the person does die, the soul remains trapped in the body and is subject to extremely traumatic experiences such as witnessing the autopsy of their own body. Deaths can be at least temporarily postponed without risk to the soul's well-being by interfering well in advance of the time of death; thus reapers would not be interfering with the events that lead to the death. However, this may have ]s, such as other people dying because of actions taken by the person who should have died.
== Episodes ==
{{main|List of Dead Like Me episodes}}
Each episode lasts approximately 45 minutes and usually follows the events of just one day.


Reapers have a physical body and may interact with the living and the dead. Besides collecting souls, reapers have powers to remain ageless, heal extremely quickly (George once severed her middle finger, but was able to reattach it by just putting it back in place, while Mason has sustained what should have been fatal damage on multiple occasions, such as being shot and hit by a car), drink alcohol without suffering a hangover (see "Gravelings"), and forcibly pull a soul from a living body and put it back (as seen done by Roxy in Episode 9 "Sunday Mornings").<ref>{{cite episode|title=Dead Girl Walking|episode-link=List of Dead Like Me episodes#Season 2 (2004)|series=Dead Like Me |network=]|season=1|number=2|minutes=24}}</ref><ref>{{cite episode|title=Rites of Passage |episode-link=List of Dead Like Me episodes#Season 2 (2004) |series=Dead Like Me |network=] |season=2 |number=21 |minutes=19}}</ref> When seen by the living, reapers' physical appearances are different from when they were alive to those who knew them, except on Halloween when the living see them as they were in life,<ref>{{cite episode|title=Haunted |episode-link=List of Dead Like Me episodes#Season 2 (2004) |series=Dead Like Me |network=] |season=2 |number=29}}</ref> and fellow reapers always see their original appearances.<ref name=pilot39>{{cite episode|title=Pilot |episode-link=List of Dead Like Me episodes#Season 1 (2003) |series=Dead Like Me |network=] |season=1 |number=1 |minutes=39}}</ref> Although George is seen by her family and Delores as "Millie," Rube's image was recognizable by a records clerk in a ] seen while Rube and the clerk were doing some research into his past life.<ref>{{cite episode|title=Death Defying |episode-link=List of Dead Like Me episodes#Season 2 (2004) |series=Dead Like Me |network=] |season=2 |number=24}}</ref> Laura Boddington portrays lead character George's undead appearance in the TV series, with Jennifer Rae Westley playing her in the later film.
== Grim reapers ==
{{In-universe}}
Grim reapers wear no traditional black cloak and and carry no scythes<ref>The cloak and scythe are worn during the opening credits.</ref>, but their role remains traditional: they remove the ]s of the living shortly before death and ].


The passage into the afterlife is shown as a ] towards which the newly deceased is drawn. The portal is unique to each soul: for a child, it may be a wonderful carnival, but for a yoga master, it may be a ] beckoning from within a Divine Lotus. Souls cannot be forced to enter the portals, so part of the reapers' job is to convince them to do so.
Death has a list of who is scheduled to die and when. The foreman periodically receives an extract of the upcoming events on the list, transcribes certain information to a yellow ] note<ref>The post-it notes contain the first and middle initial and last name of the person about to die, as well as place and time of death</ref>. He then passes out the post-its to the reapers; this assignment is non-transferable &mdash; only that reaper can remove that soul. That person must be reaped at the time of their intended death, or the soul will remain in the dead body until reaped.


Groups of reapers are organized into "divisions" according to various causes of death. Generally, reapers are assigned to a division based upon their own cause of death; Mason tells George in a deleted scene that most of the members of the Plague Division died because of ]. In addition to Rube's "external influence" team, the three other divisions mentioned in the series are Circulatory Systems Division,<ref name=pilot39 /> the very uneventful and bored reapers of the Plague Division (who spend much of their time playing ]) and the Natural Causes (Old Age) Division mentioned in the 27th and 28th episodes (according to the running order).<ref name=unfinished>{{cite episode |title=Business Unfinished|episode-link=List of Dead Like Me episodes#Season 1 (2003) |series=Dead Like Me|network=]|season=1|number=10}}</ref> (In the pilot episode, the viewer is led to believe that the Plague Division members have been reapers for centuries and will be unable to meet their quota, as plague deaths have become so rare.) While the members of Rube's team of reapers are instructed to never reap animals, George (and Reggie) do meet a ] who reaps the souls of animals — suggesting that there may be a fifth division that exists for this purpose. The teams are organized into jurisdictions of geographical areas, with several teams associated with different causes of death operating within one area. It is not known how much geographical area a single division covers, but the reapers in the series seem to cover only a limited area in Seattle and ], Washington; with reaper Daisy Adair transferring from the ].
If the events surrounding a person's death are interfered with by a reaper and they do not die at their appointed time, the soul will "wither and die and rot inside" them.<ref name="pilot">Pilot episode</ref> Deaths can also be stopped without risk to the soul by interfering well in advance, thus reapers would not be interfering with the events that lead to the death, however such actions do have consequences which can result in many more people dying before their time. Reapers collect souls until they reach a quota, though they do not know in advance what their quota is. Once that quota is reached, the reaper moves on and the soul collected last takes his or her place. No one's quota during the show's run is revealed, but it is presumably a very large number since they take, on average, one soul a day, and Rube has been reaping for around eighty years (possibly well over 29,000 souls).


=== Gravelings ===
Reapers have a physical body and may interact with the living and the dead. They do not age, but reapers cannot fly, disappear or walk through walls, so they need to find their reap by conventional means of transportation. In fact, the only real power besides collecting souls is an ability to heal quickly, indeed, a complete inability to die (again), allowing a quick recovery from any physical harm incurred on the job, and as stated by George "We (reapers) can drink as much tequila as we want without waking up with a hangover.". Reapers also have the same emotional and physical needs and drives as living humans, such as eating.
]
In the show, reapers do not actually kill the living. Instead, deaths are arranged by "gravelings".<ref name=pilot29>{{cite episode |title=Pilot|episode-link=List of Dead Like Me episodes#Season 1 (2003) |series=Dead Like Me|network=]|season=1 |number=1 |minutes=29}}</ref>


Gravelings are mischievous ]-like creatures that cause the accidents and mishaps (in the form of ] scenarios) that kill people. The living generally cannot see them, though in the episode "]", a person with ] was able to, although Rube refused to believe that was possible. Reapers can see and interact with them to some extent: Daisy once shushed a graveling; Rube yelled, "Get outta here!" once when seeing gravelings desecrating a cemetery statue; and George once chased several angry gravelings around her apartment. Although gravelings seem to be self-aware and recognize the reapers, they do not communicate verbally with them, and talk to each other in a hushed and unintelligible babble; other times they growl or hiss.
To remove a soul, a reaper must touch the body of the person to be reaped. When possible, the touch is done before death to minimize emotional harm to the soul, especially in cases of violent death. After death, the soul sometimes exists for a short time as a ghost. These ghosts retain the physical image of the being as it was reaped. If reaped before death, the ghost does not show any injuries suffered during death and usually doesn't remember dying. Souls reaped after death often manifest wounds corresponding to the manner of their deaths and may be heavily traumatized by the experience.


According to the episode "Vacation", gravelings are given one day off every few years. Despite the holiday, most reapers are disturbed by their lack of manners and behavior. During this time they display the odd habit of stacking objects into precarious, humanoid towers.
Ghosts cannot communicate directly with the living, only with and through the undead reapers. The passage into the afterlife is shown as a brightly lit scene towards which the newly-deceased is drawn. The portal/scene is unique to each soul: for a child, it may be a wonderful carnival, but for a yoga master, it may be a Deva beckoning from within a Divine Lotus. Souls cannot be forced to enter the portals and can be downright stubborn about it if they feel it is not yet time for them to move on. A big part of the Reapers' job is to convince such souls to do so.


In the episode "Reapercussions" (Season 1, Episode 4), it is noted that if a reaper interferes with and prevents a scheduled death, a "hunting season" will be declared by the gravelings, who will pester the reaper until that soul is taken and order is restored. Some of the reapers, including George, Roxy, Mason, and Daisy, are plagued by the wrath of gravelings throughout the series.
Reapers do not get paid, so they must find ways to get money, whether a day job, or "living off the land". Reapers often take things from their reaps, sometimes with permission from their ghosts including even, at times, houses and cars. Of the reapers featured in the show, only George and Roxy hold steady jobs, with Daisy getting occasional work as an actress.


A graveling rose from the body of ] in "Forget Me Not" (Season 2, Episode 12) following his murder at the hands of a reaper.<ref>{{cite episode |title=Forget Me Not|episode-link=List of Dead Like Me episodes#Season 2 (2004) |series=Dead Like Me|network=]|season=2|number=26|minutes=44}}</ref> This graveling retained Ray's mind or some other connection to his life, as it stayed close to Daisy and George's house (where Ray was killed) and expressed anger toward Daisy and Mason for Ray's death. It was also responsible for an unscheduled death at one of Daisy's reaps. Later, in the episode "Always" (Season 2, Episode 14), the graveling was reaped by George, upon which it turned to dust.
It is important that the living do not realize that reapers are among them. This makes it taboo for reapers to enter into romantic relationships with the living; it is allowed (though frowned upon) for reapers to develop platonic friendships. It is likewise frowned upon for a reaper to gain notoriety among the living (for example, when George receives a promotion at work, she is encouraged not to accept it). Apparently, reapers are never noticed in the immediate aftermath of a death, even when arguing with their reap. Ronnie, a person suffering from ], could apparently see reapers at work, as well as gravelings, another normally unseen creature involved in deaths (see below).
In the episode "The Shallow End" (Season 2, Episode 4) a child George in a flashback sees gravelings as she sinks into a swimming pool, with the gravelings appearing to hesitate from claiming her life (although it is not clear whether she actually saw the gravelings), and again in "Haunted" (Season 2, Episode 15) George recalls a Halloween afternoon when as a young girl she saw a graveling scurrying around in the background behind a man who, after she became a reaper, she realizes is a serial killer.


=== Creation ===
When seen by the living, a reaper's physical appearance is different from the one they had when alive, though fellow reapers see their original appearances. This remains true as long as any of the reaper's contemporaries still live (Betty and Rube have apparently regained their original appearances). George says her appearance resembles someone familiar "with crack cocaine, ten-dollar blowjobs, and maybe even a trick baby or two".<ref name="pilot"/> On ], however, reapers regain their original appearance for the day, meaning the recently deceased need to wear masks. This effect continues into ]; George's sister, Reggie, and even Crystal apparently recognizes her on that day. Although she had been dead for 60 years, Daisy was recognised by an elderly man who remembered her.
Viewers are told that in the beginning, god <!--"lowercase g," as explicitly stated in the narration--> created death and, not knowing what to do with it, kept it in a sealed urn. Toad was asked by god to watch the urn but Frog pestered Toad into giving it to him. Frog proceeded to juggle the jar from foot to foot and accidentally dropped it, thus letting death out, whereby everything from that point had to die.<ref>{{cite web |title=Download Dead Like Me S01E01 "Pilot" English subtitles |url=http://www.subtitlelive.com/download/dead-like-me-s01e01-subtitles/15262-3509/ |publisher=SubtitleLive.com |access-date=September 14, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716161042/http://www.subtitlelive.com/download/dead-like-me-s01e01-subtitles/15262-3509/ |archive-date=July 16, 2011 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> George is frequently shown caring for an albino ] (also known as a ]) identical to the one shown as Toad during the opening narration.


== Home media releases and streaming ==
Only George's and Mason's assumed faces have been shown on screen; the ] track for the pilot episode suggests Fuller's departure led a de-emphasis of this aspect of the reaper's ].


=== DVD releases ===
As part of the system, Reapers are forbidden to tell anyone about Grim Reapers or to reveal that they are dead people who have been returned to life. If they try, various bad things happen, including the spontaneous loss of any memory they try to use as proof that they know something only the dead person could have known. However, various psychically aware persons in the ''Dead Like Me'' universe can sense that there's something not right about Reapers, and are even sometimes dimly aware of what's happening if they see a soul reaped. Some people being reaped also seem to think something strange has happened. While some people claim to love Death and would seem to be ideal Reaper "groupies," the reaction to actually seeing a Reaper at work or suspecting what they are is usually fear, horror, and immediate flight. However, Mason meets a record store worker in the episode "Rest in Peace" who gets turned on by the fact that he is a reaper.
{|class="wikitable" width="100%"
|-
! width=20%|Season
! width=25%|Release dates
! Includes
|-
| <div align="center">
Season 1
</div>
| <div align="center">
Region 1: June 15, 2004<br />
Region 2: June 20, 2005<br />
Region 4: July 12, 2005<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.ezydvd.com.au/item.zml/780518|title = Dead Like Me — Complete Season 1 @ EzyDVD|access-date = July 15, 2007|publisher = ]|url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070927004551/http://www.ezydvd.com.au/item.zml/780518|archive-date = September 27, 2007|df = mdy-all}}</ref>
</div>
|
* All 14 episodes of the first season.
* Pilot episode commentary by members of the cast.
* Thirty minutes of deleted scenes.
* Two behind-the-scenes featurettes.
* Photo gallery.<ref name="DVD-01">{{cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0001GF2F6/|title=Amazon.com ''Dead Like Me'' Season 1 DVD: Product details|website=Amazon|date=June 15, 2004|access-date=February 3, 2007|archive-date=March 4, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304191031/http://www.amazon.com/Dead-Like-Me-Complete-Season/dp/B0001GF2F6|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| <div align="center">
Season 2
</div>
| <div align="center">
Region 1: June 19, 2005<br />
Region 2: April 16, 2007<br />
Region 4: July 18, 2007<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.ezydvd.com.au/item.zml/793495|title = Dead Like Me — Complete Season 2 @ EzyDV|access-date = December 30, 2007|publisher = ]|url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071222072558/http://www.ezydvd.com.au/item.zml/793495|archive-date = December 22, 2007|df = mdy-all}}</ref>
</div>
|
* All 15 episodes of the second season.
* Deleted scenes.
* Behind-the-scenes featurettes.
* Photo gallery.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00094ARGY/|title=Amazon.com ''Dead Like Me'' Season 2 DVD: Product details|website=Amazon|date=July 19, 2005|access-date=February 3, 2007|archive-date=March 6, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306100021/http://www.amazon.com/Dead-Like-Me-Complete-Second/dp/B00094ARGY|url-status=live}}</ref>
|}


=== Direct-to-DVD film ===
Pet reapers, who collect animal souls, also appear during the series, but it is unspecified how they are chosen or replaced. For that matter, it is unclear if these reapers are only for pets, rather than animals in the wild.
{{Main|Dead like Me: Life After Death}}


On April 18, 2007, ] announced it was developing several ] movies and sequels. First among them was a new film based on ''Dead Like Me''.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.movieweb.com/news/mgm-announces-its-straight-to-dvd-slate |title=MGM Announces Its Straight-To-DVD Slate! |publisher=MovieWeb.com |date=April 17, 2007 |access-date=September 10, 2010 |archive-date=January 19, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110119043452/http://www.movieweb.com/news/mgm-announces-its-straight-to-dvd-slate |url-status=live }}</ref>
There are also "Plague Reapers", who are apparently left over from the Middle Ages, when the plague took many. Only being able to take plague victims, they have very little to do in the modern world. A group of them was once pointed out to George playing bocci in a park. However, that scene was deleted and the only evidence of this group of reapers remaining in the series is in the scene in which Daisy acts as a clairvoyant in order to scam the son of her recent reap. A group of cops rush in to bust her in the middle of her séance, and, while leaving the building, are thanked by Rube for coming in to help him play a trick on Daisy. The cops reply that they don't have a lot of anything else to do, being plague division.


The movie is set five years after the first series episode. The movie's release date was originally set for the summer of 2008, then changed to February 17, 2009.<ref name=movie/> Before its general release, it had a television debut on January 16, 2009, on ] in Canada.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.channelcanada.com/Article2608.html |title=Dead Like Me — The Movie Coming to SuperChannel |date=January 13, 2009 |access-date=February 20, 2011 |work=Channel Canada |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416073641/http://channelcanada.com/Article2608.html |archive-date=April 16, 2009 |df=mdy }}</ref> In the movie, the role of Daisy is played by ]. Rube does not appear (he reportedly had moved on), but is mentioned by the characters; the new leader of the reapers is Cameron Kane, played by ].
== Gravelings ==
{{In-universe}}
]
Reapers do not actually kill people. That is actually done by the gravelings which cause "coincidences" that make sure people die when they are supposed to.


=== Soundtrack ===
Gravelings are mischievous ]-like creatures that cause the accidents and mishaps that kill people. They make their home in graveyards. The living cannot see them, though in one episode, a ] seems to be able to. A reaper can see them, but only "in the corner of his or her eye," and while they appear to understand human speech perfectly well, they don't communicate verbally with Reapers (although they do talk to each other in a hushed and unintelligible babble.) Reapers can apparently communicate with them to some extent (Daisy once shushed a graveling, and when the reapers stand around George's newly erected tombstone, Rube sees a pair of gravelings playing on a statue, and yells "Get outta here!" at them). George appears to be able to see them more clearly than the rest, and it has been shown that she encountered them at least twice as a child.
La-La Land Records released a soundtrack containing the original score to the series composed by ] on May 25, 2010, as a limited release of 3000 units.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lalalandrecords.com/DeadLikeMe.html |title=Dead Like Me: Limited Edition |publisher=La-La Land Records |access-date=June 21, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130806221535/http://www.lalalandrecords.com/DeadLikeMe.html |archive-date=August 6, 2013 |df=mdy }}</ref>


== Reception ==
]In "Forget Me Not", one was produced from a character's death at the hands of a Reaper, implying that they may come from either evil or rotted souls, from the un-reaped soul of a person who dies before their destined time, or from someone who is killed by a Reaper. When Rube learns that someone died without a Post-It, i.e. without a predestined time of death, he clearly knows this means something very bad is going to happen and is not surprised to learn of the creation of the graveling. In a later episode, "Always", George vanquished it by a touch similar to that used during reaping. It is unclear if any reaper can eliminate any graveling, or just this particular one because it was killed ahead of time by a reaper, or just by George because she might have a special power that we can suppose is recognizable by gravelings, as hinted in the final swimming pool scene in "The Shallow End" .
=== Critical response ===
On ], the first season has an approval rating of 69% with an average score of 6.3 out of 10 based on 16 reviews. The website's critical consensus reads, "''Dead Like Me'' is a required {{sic}} (after)taste, but the series' acidic wit and wry observations about the simple pleasures of life and death overcome the deficit in likable characters."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/tv/dead_like_me/s01 |title=Dead Like Me: Season 1 |website=Rotten Tomatoes |access-date=November 13, 2021 |archive-date=November 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211113135056/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/tv/dead_like_me/s01 |url-status=live }}</ref>


=== Awards and nominations ===
The Reapers know when people are supposed to die and can sometimes interfere. (The trick seems to be diverting them from their fate with enough margin that they don't "make their appointments". A person who makes their appointment, even if not killed, is doomed and must be reaped.) This infuriates the gravelings and they will unmercifully harass a Reaper who does this. The reapers have all been plagued by graveling vengeance during the series, although how and why the Gravelings harassed Rube and Betty was not seen during the run of the series.
{| class="wikitable"

Every so often, gravelings take a "day off". It is not known whether nobody dies of external causes because the gravelings are taking the day off, or if the gravelings take a day off because nobody is scheduled to die of external causes. No one is quite sure what they do during this time, but the Gravelings have been seen smoking and squabbling over candy at the Waffle Haus.

==DVD releases==
{| class="wikitable"
|- |-
! Year !! Group !! Award !! Result !! For
!width=81| Cover Art
!width=25%|
!Additional Information
|- |-
|rowspan="5"|] | rowspan="6"| 2004
| rowspan="2"| ]
|style="text-align: center"|''Season One''
| Best Actress in a Television Series
|rowspan="5"|A four disc box set that includes all 14 episodes of the first season. The DVD includes a commentary by members of the cast, thirty minutes of deleted scenes, two behind-the-scenes featurettes and a photo gallery.<ref name="DVD-01">{{cite web|url=http://www.amazon.com/dp/B0001GF2F6/|title=Amazon.com ''Dead Like Me'' Season 1 DVD: Product details|accessmonthday=February 3 |accessyear=2007}}</ref>
| {{nom}}
| ]
|- |-
| Best Syndicated/Cable Television Series
!Region 1 Release
| {{nom}}
|
|- |-
| rowspan="2"| ]
|style="text-align: center"|], ]
| Outstanding Music Composition for a Series (Dramatic Underscore)
| {{nom}}
| Episode: "Pilot"
|- |-
| Outstanding Special Visual Effects for a Series
!Region 2 Release
| {{nom}}
| Episode: "Pilot"
|- |-
| ]
|style="text-align: center"|], ]
| Best Television
| {{nom}}
|
|- |-
| ]
|rowspan="5"|]
| Best Performance by an Actress in a Series, Drama
|style="text-align: center"|''Season Two''
| {{nom}}
|rowspan="5"|Four discs, which include all 15 episodes from season two. Bonus features include deleted scenes, behind-the-scenes featurettes and a photo gallery.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amazon.com/dp/B00094ARGY/|title=Amazon.com ''Dead Like Me'' Season 2 DVD: Product details|accessmonthday=February 3 |accessyear=2007}}</ref>
| ]
|- |-
| rowspan="2"| 2005
!Region 1 Release
| Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror Films
| Best Syndicated/Cable Television Series
| {{nom}}
|
|- |-
| ]
|style="text-align: center"|], ]
| Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series
| {{nom}}
| ]
|- |-
!Region 2 Release
|-
|style="text-align: center"|], ]
|} |}


=== Direct-to-DVD film === === Ratings ===
The show's complete ] were not released, though executives had claimed to at least one reporter that ''Dead Like Me'' had ratings three times Showtime's primetime average.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itsallaboutworld.com/science-fiction-delivers-mainstream-hits/|title=Science Fiction Delivers Mainstream Hits|access-date=August 19, 2007|publisher=ItsAllAboutWorld.com|archive-date=April 10, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200410185534/https://itsallaboutworld.com/science-fiction-delivers-mainstream-hits/|url-status=live}}</ref> This contrasts with the network's statement that the ratings were not high enough for a third season.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://variety.com/2005/scene/markets-festivals/mgm-s-wants-to-bring-dead-back-to-life-1117917805/ | title=MGM's wants to bring 'Dead' back to life | access-date=August 19, 2007 | work=Variety | first=John | last=Dempsey | date=February 10, 2005 | archive-date=June 29, 2011 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629165423/http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117917805?refCatId=1238 | url-status=live }}</ref> The ratings for the series premiere were 1.11 million, a record for a Showtime series premiere that was not beaten until the premiere of '']'' seven years later.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2011/01/10/californication-has-its-best-premiere-no-shame-in-shameless-ratings-episodes/77988|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110112203003/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2011/01/10/californication-has-its-best-premiere-no-shame-in-shameless-ratings-episodes/77988|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 12, 2011|title='Californication' Has Its Best Premiere; No Shame in 'Shameless' Ratings + 'Episodes'|publisher=TV by the Numbers|last=Seidman|first=Robert|date=January 10, 2011|access-date=January 14, 2011}}</ref>
{{Future film}}
{{Infobox Film
| name = Dead Like Me
| director = ]<ref name="castcall">http://www.myentertainmentworld.com/mew/audition_film-tv.html</ref>
| producer = ], ], ]<ref name="castcall" />
| writer = John Masius<ref name="castcall" />
| starring = Ellen Muth, Callum Blue, Britt McKillip, Jasmine Guy, Cynthia Stevenson<ref name="castcall" />
| distributor = MGM
}}
On ], ], ] announced that they are developing several ] movies and sequels. Included among them is a brand new film based on ''Dead Like Me''.<ref name="sfc-mgm">{{cite news
| url = http://www.scifi.com/scifiwire/index.php?category=3&id=41125
| title = MGM Announces SF DVD Slate
| work = Sci Fi Wire
| publisher = SciFi.com
| date = ], ]
| accessdate = 2007-05-17
}}</ref>

In June 2007, a casting call for the role of ], formerly played by ], was posted on an entertainment industry website. It noted that ] wrote the film and all but confirmed that ] is not in the film.<ref name="castcall" /> According to a plot synopsis for the film and a character synopsis for the role of Daisy, several details about the film are revealed:
*At least two new characters are introduced: Calvin Kane, a new head reaper, and Hudson Hart, Reggie's secret boyfriend. Calvin is described as a "slick businessman who couldn't care less about helping the newly dead"; Hudson is someone whose soul George is supposed to reap.
*Because of Hudson, George and Reggie re-connect for the first time since George's death.
*Daisy is attracted to Calvin; Calvin, in turn, helps Daisy land an understudy role in a production of '']''. Daisy deliberately injures the play's lead actress, taking over her role, though the subsequent stress leads her to drinking heavily, even during performances.<ref name="castcall" />

Ellen Muth has posted a ] entry on her ] page which suggests that, depending on the success of the DVD movie, the series might go back into production.<ref>{{cite web
|url = http://blog.myspace.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=blog.view&friendID=148913492&blogID=282378780
|title = Announcement; Not a Blog
|accessdate = 2007-07-06
|author =
|last = Muth
|first = Ellen
|date = ]
|publisher = MySpace
}}</ref>


== References == == References ==
{{reflist}} {{Reflist|30em}}


== External links == == External links ==
{{wikiquote}} {{wikiquote}}
* {{IMDb title|0348913}}
* at MGM
* at Scifi Channel
* at Showtime


{{Dead Like Me}} {{Bryan Fuller}}
{{Showtime Network programming}}
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Latest revision as of 17:33, 27 November 2024

American comedy-drama television series This article is about the television series. For the film, see Dead like Me: Life After Death.

Dead Like Me
Genre
Created byBryan Fuller
StarringEllen Muth
Laura Harris
Callum Blue
Jasmine Guy
Cynthia Stevenson
Mandy Patinkin
Narrated byEllen Muth
Theme music composerStewart Copeland
Country of originUnited States
Original languageEnglish
No. of seasons2
No. of episodes29 (list of episodes)
Production
Executive producersBryan Fuller
John Masius
Tom Spezialy
Stephen Godchaux
Production locationsVancouver, British Columbia
Running time40–50 minutes
74 minutes ("Pilot")
Production companiesJohn Masius Productions
MGM Television
Original release
NetworkShowtime
ReleaseJune 27, 2003 (2003-06-27) –
October 31, 2004 (2004-10-31)
Related
Dead like Me: Life After Death

Dead Like Me is an American comedy-drama television series starring Ellen Muth and Mandy Patinkin as grim reapers who reside and work in Seattle, Washington. Filmed in Vancouver, British Columbia, the show was created by Bryan Fuller for the Showtime cable network, where it ran for two seasons (200304). Fuller left the show five episodes into the first season because of creative differences; creative direction was taken over by executive producers John Masius and Stephen Godchaux. A direct-to-DVD film titled Dead like Me: Life After Death was released on February 17, 2009.

Eighteen-year-old Georgia "George" Lass (Ellen Muth) is the show's protagonist and narrator. George dies early in the pilot episode and becomes one of the "undead", a "grim reaper". George soon learns that a reaper's job is to remove the souls of people, preferably just before they die, and escort them until they move on into their afterlife. George's death leaves behind her mother (Cynthia Stevenson) and the rest of her family at a point when her relationships with them were on shaky ground.

The show explores the experiences of a small team of such reapers, as well as the changes in George and her family as they deal with George's death.

Series overview

Introduction

The first scene of the pilot episode introduces an origin-of-death myth where at the dawn of time, "god (lower-case g)" was busy with creation and gave Toad a clay jar containing death which Toad promised to guard. Frog begged Toad to let him hold the jar, something to which Toad finally agreed. An excited Frog juggled the jar and finally dropped it, shattering it on the ground. When it broke open, death got out.

Main plot

See also: List of Dead Like Me episodes

Georgia Lass is aloof and emotionally distant from her family and shies away from her life. After dropping out of college, she takes a temp job through Happy Time Temporary Services. During her lunch break on her first day, she is hit and killed by a toilet seat falling from the deorbiting Mir space station. She is soon informed that, rather than moving on to the "great beyond", she will become a grim reaper in the External Influence Division, collecting souls of people who die in accidents (many of which have a Rube Goldberg-style complexity), and homicides. Each reaper has a secret quota of souls; once the quota is met, the reaper moves on to another realm and the last soul reaped then takes his or her job collecting souls.

In Season 1, George has trouble adjusting to her circumstances – collecting souls while holding down a day job. By Season 2, she has mostly adjusted to her new role, with few unresolved issues with her life and her afterlife.

George's family is struggling to deal with her death. Her father, Clancy (Greg Kean), has an affair that affects his marriage to Joy (Cynthia Stevenson). Her sister, Reggie (Britt McKillip), acts out – stealing toilet seats from neighbors and school and hanging them on a tree – until her mother sends her to therapy. Reggie clings to the belief that George visits her, but she is starting to lie to cover this up. At the start of Season 2, the family begins to break apart as Joy and Clancy divorce.

All of the main characters have issues with their life after death, but they cope with it in different ways: Mason (Callum Blue) resorts to alcohol and drugs; Daisy (Laura Harris) puts on a veneer of perkiness; and Roxy (Jasmine Guy) is physically and verbally aggressive. Rube (Mandy Patinkin) and George are more straightforward about their sadness.

Bryan Fuller's departure

Bryan Fuller left early in the first season because of conflicts with MGM Television, including disagreement over major script and storyline cuts considered important to the main theme. He stated that the "lack of professionalism...made it really difficult. It was like being at war. They were constantly trying to strong arm me. It was the worst experience of my life." According to Fuller, Showtime canceled the show due to "a loss of quality and a sense the problems would continue." Actress Rebecca Gayheart also departed the show after the series' fifth episode.

Characters

Main article: List of Dead Like Me characters

Reapers

Dead Like Me cast photo showing reapers George, Rube, Daisy, Roxy, and Mason.
  • Georgia "George" Lass (Ellen Muth): (1985–2003) The show's protagonist, an 18-year-old college dropout. In addition to being a grim reaper she has a day job at Happy Time Temporary Services, under the assumed name "Millie Hagen". She was killed on June 27, 2003, when a toilet seat from the de-orbiting Mir space station fell on her. Because of this, she is known among the reapers as "Toilet Seat Girl", a fact which earns her instant recognition/respect for dying in such a bizarre way.
  • Rube John Sofer (Mandy Patinkin): (1876 – c. 1926) The head of the group of reapers. He is responsible for passing out reaping assignments, nearly always on yellow post-it notes. He becomes a father figure for George (whom he calls "Peanut") in her grim-reaping afterlife, and had a daughter named Rose ("Rosie"), whom he had also called "Peanut". The manner of his death was not revealed, but in one episode his name and picture are seen on an old "Wanted" poster alleging that he was a bank robber. Because of this, it is believed that he died at the hands of the police (i.e. shoot-out or execution). He looks the same as he did while alive, possibly because his time of death was nearly one hundred years earlier and everyone who could possibly identify him has died, including his daughter Rosie (Rose Anne Sofer, born March 19, 1925; lived at 243 Georgian Lane, Englewood, New Jersey) and his Czechoslovakian wife Lucy Sonia Sofer (née Debrowski), born in 1901.
  • Mason (Callum Blue): (1939–1966) A British drug addict, alcoholic and thief, but a likable person. He acts as an "older brother" figure to George, and is attracted to Daisy. He is originally from London, and died in 1966 by drilling a hole in his head to achieve a "permanent high". He's considered the least responsible of "Rube's Post-it Crew" and often makes gaffes, cuts his reaps close, or is drunk or high much of the time.
  • Roxy Harvey (Jasmine Guy): (before 1960–1982) A strong-willed, sassy, independent woman. Her day job is initially as a meter maid, but she later becomes a police officer. She was strangled to death by a jealous roommate in 1982 with leg warmers, which Roxy had invented. Although she is generally seen as tough and no-nonsense, she has a softer side, shown in "Reapercussions" after saving the life of J. H. Arnold.
  • Betty Rhomer (Rebecca Gayheart): (1899–1926) A confident, well-adjusted reaper in the first five episodes. She keeps Polaroids of each of the souls she reaps, in department store shopping bags organized by personality type. She refers to this as her signature, as a way to separate herself from "the whole cloak and sickle thing." George begins to bond with her early in the first season, but she "hitches a ride" into the afterlife with one of the souls George had reaped and is never seen again. She died in 1926 while cliff-diving with her fiancé. In a similar fashion to the reaping of George, though Rube did not personally reap Betty, he did collect her soul, as shown in the season 1 episode "Reaping Havoc". (Though she refers later to having been alive in 1927, that is presumably an error in her memory since we are shown her tombstone.)
  • Daisy Adair (Laura Harris): (before 1915–1938) A spoiled actress who often tells stories about her (alleged) sexual escapades with classic film stars. She died on December 13, 1938, of asphyxiation/smoke inhalation in Marietta, Georgia, though she originally claimed this occurred on the set of Gone with the Wind. Her last thought before she died was, "Why has no one ever loved me?" Daisy is sent from New York City to Seattle in episode six as a replacement when Betty leaves. She is traumatically affected by the violent deaths of defenseless women by abusive men, and although Roxy yelled at her for tampering with a crime scene after such a reap, Daisy then revealed to Mason that she had a sister who (presumably) died that way. At the end of the second season, Daisy begins to acquire a reputation as a "bad luck charm" when Ray accuses her of killing people. When Ray's soul is transformed into a graveling, she enigmatically states in that and the next episode that she has "seen it before" and that it's "happening again." Daisy is recognized in the last episode by an elderly man in Der Waffle Haus while she is dressed as a police officer for Halloween; as stated in that episode, on Halloween, all reapers look as they did when alive.

George's family

  • Reggie Lass (Britt McKillip): George's younger sister. Though George ignored her while she was alive, Reggie is very much affected by the death of her sister. She believes that George's ghost still roams about the city and visits their home from time to time – technically, she is right. Due to her eccentric, seemingly pathological way of grieving her sister's death, Reggie is placed in psychiatric therapy.
  • Joy Lass (Cynthia Stevenson): George's mother has a pathological fear of balloons and who hates the word 'moist' because she thinks "it sounds pornographic". She likes to have order, rules, and control in her life. Other characters in the show, such as Joy's own mother, believe that her obsession with control is how she copes with denial of her own out-of-control life, her daughter George's death, her younger daughter's rather unconventional style of grieving over George's death, and her divorce from her husband. In the episode where her mother comes to visit, however, it becomes clear that Joy's problems stem more from the chaotic lifestyle and abandonment issues of her own childhood.
  • Clancy Lass (Greg Kean): George's father. He is an English Professor at the University of Washington. His relationship with Joy begins to deteriorate seriously after George's death. He has an affair with one of his Shakespeare-class students (A.J. Cook), which becomes the final death knell to the marriage. In the Pilot it was suggested, by an overly-long hug, that his affair was with a young man but this homosexual thread was dropped and the student confirmed to be female in later episodes.

Happy Time Temporary Services

  • Delores Herbig, as in, as she says, "her big brown eyes" (Christine Willes): George's boss. Delores disliked George, but becomes friends with "Millie", for whom she becomes something of a maternal figure, offering advice and support, and on one occasion bailing "Millie" out of jail. Delores is optimistic, dynamic, and motivated; she has an active Internet presence through various social and dating sites, and runs a website (her home life on webcam) called 'Getting Things Done With Delores'. Occasionally, Delores will try to empathize with George by revealing startling facts about her past – including a cocaine habit, tattoos, and "all those restraining orders". She has a very elderly cat named Murray.
  • Crystal Smith (Crystal Dahl): Happy Time's mysterious receptionist whose Happy Time record indicates that she speaks several languages and previously served as a special forces operative in Southeast Asia. Crystal once helped the reapers organize into computer files a collection of souls' last thoughts. She also dressed as a grim reaper for Halloween. She is also seen to steal great amounts of Post-it notes (like those used to notify reapers of their assignments) from Happy Time.

Miscellaneous characters

  • Kiffany (Patricia Idlette): The reapers' usual server at "Der Waffle Haus". She is a quiet observer of the group, and takes their individual idiosyncrasies in stride. She also seems able to see their true faces, as on Halloween (despite their having "returned" to life appearances), Kiffany is able to recognize and interact with all of them without surprise – even newly dead George (spoiling the idea that only reapers so old as to be unrecognizable get their 'true faces'). Some of the characters believe her to be psychic.
  • Charlie (Spencer Achtymichuk): The youngest Reaper George knows is a child reaper, who she initially meets in a vet's waiting room when Delores' cat Murray has a health scare. (Charlie is really there to reap a rabbit.) Child reapers reap animals, and Charlie is seen reaping a komodo dragon in Reggie's school, and later her dog, J.D. (Just Dog). He died after being struck by a drunk driver's car seven years previously, and lives on the streets.
  • Penny (Yeardley Smith): The oldest Reaper George meets is Penny, who died during the sinking of the Titanic and whom Mason calls "older than forever and a day." Penny is one of Rube's old Post-It Crew in External Influences Division before she was transferred to a cushier gig in Long Term Care, where she works as a nurse in a nursing home. She says it is less hectic because everyone has a name tag, and no one is going anywhere. Mason and Roxy both greet Penny with affection upon her giving Rube a courtesy heads-up that his daughter, unbeknownst to him living in a long-term care center, was to be her reap that day. He accompanied Penny to say goodbye to Rose in "Always", and sang his dying daughter to sleep with the lullaby he had sung to her on the day of her childhood that he left and then died.

Mythology

Grim reapers

In the world of Dead Like Me, grim reapers do not wear black cloaks or carry scythes (cloaks and scythes are only featured during the opening credits, for humorous effect), but their role remains traditional: they remove the souls of the living shortly before death and escort them into their afterlife. One becomes a reaper by being the last soul collected when one's own reaper meets his or her secret quota.

In the series, Death has a list of who is scheduled to die and when. This list is delivered to the head of each group by a shadowy figure (when the delivery is made to Rube's apartment; it is shown that the delivery is made by an actual shadow, with the list of names becoming corporeal only when it is delivered). The head of each group then gives each reaper a non-transferable assignment to collect a particular soul or souls. Completing that assignment is often difficult for the reapers, who receive only the first (and sometimes middle) initial and last name of the person about to die, the location, and estimated time of death (ETD). If a reaper refuses to take a soul at their place of death and the person somehow survives their appointed time, the soul will "wither and die and rot inside" them. If a reaper does not take a soul and the person does die, the soul remains trapped in the body and is subject to extremely traumatic experiences such as witnessing the autopsy of their own body. Deaths can be at least temporarily postponed without risk to the soul's well-being by interfering well in advance of the time of death; thus reapers would not be interfering with the events that lead to the death. However, this may have unintended consequences, such as other people dying because of actions taken by the person who should have died.

Reapers have a physical body and may interact with the living and the dead. Besides collecting souls, reapers have powers to remain ageless, heal extremely quickly (George once severed her middle finger, but was able to reattach it by just putting it back in place, while Mason has sustained what should have been fatal damage on multiple occasions, such as being shot and hit by a car), drink alcohol without suffering a hangover (see "Gravelings"), and forcibly pull a soul from a living body and put it back (as seen done by Roxy in Episode 9 "Sunday Mornings"). When seen by the living, reapers' physical appearances are different from when they were alive to those who knew them, except on Halloween when the living see them as they were in life, and fellow reapers always see their original appearances. Although George is seen by her family and Delores as "Millie," Rube's image was recognizable by a records clerk in a wanted poster seen while Rube and the clerk were doing some research into his past life. Laura Boddington portrays lead character George's undead appearance in the TV series, with Jennifer Rae Westley playing her in the later film.

The passage into the afterlife is shown as a brightly lit scene towards which the newly deceased is drawn. The portal is unique to each soul: for a child, it may be a wonderful carnival, but for a yoga master, it may be a Deva beckoning from within a Divine Lotus. Souls cannot be forced to enter the portals, so part of the reapers' job is to convince them to do so.

Groups of reapers are organized into "divisions" according to various causes of death. Generally, reapers are assigned to a division based upon their own cause of death; Mason tells George in a deleted scene that most of the members of the Plague Division died because of the Plague. In addition to Rube's "external influence" team, the three other divisions mentioned in the series are Circulatory Systems Division, the very uneventful and bored reapers of the Plague Division (who spend much of their time playing bocce ball) and the Natural Causes (Old Age) Division mentioned in the 27th and 28th episodes (according to the running order). (In the pilot episode, the viewer is led to believe that the Plague Division members have been reapers for centuries and will be unable to meet their quota, as plague deaths have become so rare.) While the members of Rube's team of reapers are instructed to never reap animals, George (and Reggie) do meet a child reaper who reaps the souls of animals — suggesting that there may be a fifth division that exists for this purpose. The teams are organized into jurisdictions of geographical areas, with several teams associated with different causes of death operating within one area. It is not known how much geographical area a single division covers, but the reapers in the series seem to cover only a limited area in Seattle and King County, Washington; with reaper Daisy Adair transferring from the SoHo area of New York City.

Gravelings

Gravelings underwater

In the show, reapers do not actually kill the living. Instead, deaths are arranged by "gravelings".

Gravelings are mischievous gremlin-like creatures that cause the accidents and mishaps (in the form of Rube Goldberg machine scenarios) that kill people. The living generally cannot see them, though in the episode "Reaper Madness", a person with schizophrenia was able to, although Rube refused to believe that was possible. Reapers can see and interact with them to some extent: Daisy once shushed a graveling; Rube yelled, "Get outta here!" once when seeing gravelings desecrating a cemetery statue; and George once chased several angry gravelings around her apartment. Although gravelings seem to be self-aware and recognize the reapers, they do not communicate verbally with them, and talk to each other in a hushed and unintelligible babble; other times they growl or hiss.

According to the episode "Vacation", gravelings are given one day off every few years. Despite the holiday, most reapers are disturbed by their lack of manners and behavior. During this time they display the odd habit of stacking objects into precarious, humanoid towers.

In the episode "Reapercussions" (Season 1, Episode 4), it is noted that if a reaper interferes with and prevents a scheduled death, a "hunting season" will be declared by the gravelings, who will pester the reaper until that soul is taken and order is restored. Some of the reapers, including George, Roxy, Mason, and Daisy, are plagued by the wrath of gravelings throughout the series.

A graveling rose from the body of Ray in "Forget Me Not" (Season 2, Episode 12) following his murder at the hands of a reaper. This graveling retained Ray's mind or some other connection to his life, as it stayed close to Daisy and George's house (where Ray was killed) and expressed anger toward Daisy and Mason for Ray's death. It was also responsible for an unscheduled death at one of Daisy's reaps. Later, in the episode "Always" (Season 2, Episode 14), the graveling was reaped by George, upon which it turned to dust.

In the episode "The Shallow End" (Season 2, Episode 4) a child George in a flashback sees gravelings as she sinks into a swimming pool, with the gravelings appearing to hesitate from claiming her life (although it is not clear whether she actually saw the gravelings), and again in "Haunted" (Season 2, Episode 15) George recalls a Halloween afternoon when as a young girl she saw a graveling scurrying around in the background behind a man who, after she became a reaper, she realizes is a serial killer.

Creation

Viewers are told that in the beginning, god created death and, not knowing what to do with it, kept it in a sealed urn. Toad was asked by god to watch the urn but Frog pestered Toad into giving it to him. Frog proceeded to juggle the jar from foot to foot and accidentally dropped it, thus letting death out, whereby everything from that point had to die. George is frequently shown caring for an albino Argentine horned frog (also known as a Pacman frog) identical to the one shown as Toad during the opening narration.

Home media releases and streaming

DVD releases

Season Release dates Includes

Season 1

Region 1: June 15, 2004
Region 2: June 20, 2005
Region 4: July 12, 2005

  • All 14 episodes of the first season.
  • Pilot episode commentary by members of the cast.
  • Thirty minutes of deleted scenes.
  • Two behind-the-scenes featurettes.
  • Photo gallery.

Season 2

Region 1: June 19, 2005
Region 2: April 16, 2007
Region 4: July 18, 2007

  • All 15 episodes of the second season.
  • Deleted scenes.
  • Behind-the-scenes featurettes.
  • Photo gallery.

Direct-to-DVD film

Main article: Dead like Me: Life After Death

On April 18, 2007, MGM announced it was developing several direct-to-DVD movies and sequels. First among them was a new film based on Dead Like Me.

The movie is set five years after the first series episode. The movie's release date was originally set for the summer of 2008, then changed to February 17, 2009. Before its general release, it had a television debut on January 16, 2009, on SuperChannel in Canada. In the movie, the role of Daisy is played by Sarah Wynter. Rube does not appear (he reportedly had moved on), but is mentioned by the characters; the new leader of the reapers is Cameron Kane, played by Henry Ian Cusick.

Soundtrack

La-La Land Records released a soundtrack containing the original score to the series composed by Stewart Copeland on May 25, 2010, as a limited release of 3000 units.

Reception

Critical response

On Rotten Tomatoes, the first season has an approval rating of 69% with an average score of 6.3 out of 10 based on 16 reviews. The website's critical consensus reads, "Dead Like Me is a required [sic] (after)taste, but the series' acidic wit and wry observations about the simple pleasures of life and death overcome the deficit in likable characters."

Awards and nominations

Year Group Award Result For
2004 Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror Films Best Actress in a Television Series Nominated Ellen Muth
Best Syndicated/Cable Television Series Nominated
Emmy Awards Outstanding Music Composition for a Series (Dramatic Underscore) Nominated Episode: "Pilot"
Outstanding Special Visual Effects for a Series Nominated Episode: "Pilot"
International Horror Guild Award Best Television Nominated
Satellite Award Best Performance by an Actress in a Series, Drama Nominated Ellen Muth
2005 Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror Films Best Syndicated/Cable Television Series Nominated
NAACP Image Award Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series Nominated Jasmine Guy

Ratings

The show's complete ratings were not released, though executives had claimed to at least one reporter that Dead Like Me had ratings three times Showtime's primetime average. This contrasts with the network's statement that the ratings were not high enough for a third season. The ratings for the series premiere were 1.11 million, a record for a Showtime series premiere that was not beaten until the premiere of Shameless seven years later.

References

  1. ^ "Official Press Release for Life After Death Direct-to-DVD Film and The Complete Collection: Soul Collectors' Edition 9-Disc Set". TVShowsOnDVD.com. December 8, 2008. Archived from the original on August 28, 2009. Retrieved May 23, 2010.
  2. Miller, Laura (June 29, 2003). "Hi, I'm George, and I'll Be Your Dead Person Tonight". The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 9, 2021. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  3. "Pilot". Dead Like Me. Season 1. Episode 1. 13 minutes in. Showtime.
  4. "Pilot". Dead Like Me. Season 1. Episode 1. 24 minutes in. Showtime.
  5. "Pilot". Dead Like Me. Season 1. Episode 1. (Special Features: The Music of Dead Like Me) 2 minutes in. Showtime.
  6. "Dead Like Me Creator Bryan Fuller Speaks Out on Showtime, MGM and the Future". Media Village. Archived from the original on February 13, 2008. Retrieved July 29, 2007.
  7. "Death Defying". Dead Like Me. Season 2. Episode 10. 24:16 minutes in. Showtime.
  8. "Always". Dead Like Me. Season 2. Episode 28. 18 minutes in. Showtime.
  9. "Vacation". Dead Like Me. Season 1. Episode 13. Showtime.
  10. "Last Call". Dead Like Me. Season 2. Episode 27. 19 minutes in. Showtime.
  11. ^ "Pilot". Dead Like Me. Season 1. Episode 1. 67 minutes in. Showtime.
  12. "Dead Girl Walking". Dead Like Me. Season 1. Episode 2. 24 minutes in. Showtime.
  13. "Rites of Passage". Dead Like Me. Season 2. Episode 21. 19 minutes in. Showtime.
  14. "Haunted". Dead Like Me. Season 2. Episode 29. Showtime.
  15. ^ "Pilot". Dead Like Me. Season 1. Episode 1. 39 minutes in. Showtime.
  16. "Death Defying". Dead Like Me. Season 2. Episode 24. Showtime.
  17. "Business Unfinished". Dead Like Me. Season 1. Episode 10. Showtime.
  18. "Pilot". Dead Like Me. Season 1. Episode 1. 29 minutes in. Showtime.
  19. "Forget Me Not". Dead Like Me. Season 2. Episode 26. 44 minutes in. Showtime.
  20. "Download Dead Like Me S01E01 "Pilot" English subtitles". SubtitleLive.com. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011. Retrieved September 14, 2009.
  21. "Dead Like Me — Complete Season 1 @ EzyDVD". EzyDVD. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved July 15, 2007.
  22. "Amazon.com Dead Like Me Season 1 DVD: Product details". Amazon. June 15, 2004. Archived from the original on March 4, 2012. Retrieved February 3, 2007.
  23. "Dead Like Me — Complete Season 2 @ EzyDV". EzyDVD. Archived from the original on December 22, 2007. Retrieved December 30, 2007.
  24. "Amazon.com Dead Like Me Season 2 DVD: Product details". Amazon. July 19, 2005. Archived from the original on March 6, 2012. Retrieved February 3, 2007.
  25. "MGM Announces Its Straight-To-DVD Slate!". MovieWeb.com. April 17, 2007. Archived from the original on January 19, 2011. Retrieved September 10, 2010.
  26. "Dead Like Me — The Movie Coming to SuperChannel". Channel Canada. January 13, 2009. Archived from the original on April 16, 2009. Retrieved February 20, 2011.
  27. "Dead Like Me: Limited Edition". La-La Land Records. Archived from the original on August 6, 2013. Retrieved June 21, 2013.
  28. "Dead Like Me: Season 1". Rotten Tomatoes. Archived from the original on November 13, 2021. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
  29. "Science Fiction Delivers Mainstream Hits". ItsAllAboutWorld.com. Archived from the original on April 10, 2020. Retrieved August 19, 2007.
  30. Dempsey, John (February 10, 2005). "MGM's wants to bring 'Dead' back to life". Variety. Archived from the original on June 29, 2011. Retrieved August 19, 2007.
  31. Seidman, Robert (January 10, 2011). "'Californication' Has Its Best Premiere; No Shame in 'Shameless' Ratings + 'Episodes'". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on January 12, 2011. Retrieved January 14, 2011.

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