420 (cannabis culture): Difference between revisions

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			{{short description\|Number referring to cannabis}}
	The number '''420''' is a ] for ] and its associated ]. The exact origin of the term is unknown, although there is much speculation and many ]s about its origin. Smoking marijuana at 4:20 or on ] has special meaning to some.
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			{{Use mdy dates\|date=April 2019}}
			{{Use American English\|date=April 2023}}
			<!--Please note: this article is about how the number 420 relates to marijuana culture. If you have come here to add information about the Columbine High School murders, Adolf Hitler's birthday, or to add an example of appearances of "420" in popular culture, please know that such content is irrelevant to this topic. Additions to this article should relate to the topic of the number 420 in cannabis culture.-->
			{{Infobox holiday
			\|holiday_name = 420 <br /><small>originally "4:20 Louis"</small>
			\|type = secular
			\|image = Louis Pasteur statue, San Rafael High School (crop).jpg
			\|imagesize =
			\|caption =
			Statue of ] at ], by ] (1940),<ref>{{cite web\|title=Daily Independent Journal from San Rafael, California\|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/71688761/\|access-date=April 22, 2017\|date=November 20, 1954}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|last1=Chronicle\|first1=San Francisco\|title=The San Francisco Chronicle Reader\|publisher=McGraw-Hill\|url=https://archive.org/details/sanfranciscochro00sanf\|url-access=registration\|access-date=April 22, 2017\|language=en\|year=1962}}</ref> site of the earliest 4:20 gatherings in 1971
			\|official_name =
			\|nickname =
			\|observedby = ] ], ], ], and general users of cannabis
			\|date = 4:20 p.m./April 20
			\|observances = ], traditionally ], ] discounts
			\|relatedto =
			\|significance = Time/date to celebrate cannabis
			\|frequency = Daily, annually
			}}

			'''420''', '''4:20''' or '''4/20''' (pronounced '''four-twenty''') is ] slang for ], especially ] around the time 4:20 p.m. (16:20). It also refers to ]-oriented celebrations that take place annually on April 20 (4/20 in ] date form).<ref name=UCSC>{{cite web \|url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/archive/2007/April/24/local/stories/08local.htm \|title=Thousands at UCSC burn one to mark cannabis holiday \|first=Matt \|last=King \|date=April 24, 2007 \|work=] \|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070426081319/http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/archive/2007/April/24/local/stories/08local.htm \|archive-date = April 26, 2007}}</ref><ref name="McCoy 2014">{{cite news \| last=McCoy \| first=Terrence \| title=The strange story of how the pot holiday '4/20' got its name \| newspaper=The Washington Post \| date=2014-04-18 \| url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2014/04/18/the-strange-story-of-how-the-pot-holiday-420-got-its-name/ \| access-date=2020-04-18}}</ref>
	==Origin theories==

			==Origins==
	], High Times Magazine, and '']'' claim that in the early ] the Waldos, a group of teenagers at ] in ], ] used to meet every day to smoke ] after school at 4:20 PM. The time became a ] for the drug, and usage spread. 4:20 PM has since become a popular time to "smoke up". (It's also worth noting that 4:20 PM is the time of ] creator ]'s first deliberate ingestion of the substance, in ] on what was later dubbed ]; perhaps this is where the San Rafael teenagers picked up the idea.)
			Five high school students in ],<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2000/04/20/MN101165.DTL\|title=Stoner Chic Traces Origin To San Rafael – Snickering high schoolers brought '420' into lexicon \|work=] \|access-date=April 4, 2012\|date=April 20, 2000 }}</ref><ref name=NYT2009>{{cite news\|first=Jesse\|last=McKinley\|title=Marijuana Advocates Point to Signs of Change \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/20/us/20marijuana.html \|work=The New York Times\|date=April 19, 2009\|access-date=January 23, 2011 \| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20101218011241/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/20/us/20marijuana.html\| archive-date=December 18, 2010\| url-status= live}}</ref> coined the term as part of their 1971 search for an abandoned cannabis crop, based on a ] made by the grower.<ref name=HuffPost2010>{{cite web\|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/04/20/420-meaning-the-true-stor_n_543854.html\|title=420 Meaning: The True Story Of How April 20 Became 'Weed Day'\|work=The Huffington Post\|date=April 20, 2010\|access-date=January 23, 2011\|first=Ryan\|last=Grim\|author-link=Ryan Grim}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|url=http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Bay-Area-originators-of-420-term-marijuana-7255771.php\|date=April 20, 2016\|title=Local originators of term 420 solve 45-year-old mystery\|author=Alyssa Pereira\|newspaper=San Francisco Chronicle}}</ref> Calling themselves the Waldos,<ref name="Times2012">{{cite book\|author=High Times\|title=The Official High Times Cannabis Cookbook: More Than 50 Irresistible Recipes That Will Get You High\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W-vas6K75YYC&pg=PA97\|access-date=April 19, 2012\|year=2012\|publisher=Chronicle Books\|isbn=978-1-4521-0133-0\|pages=97–}}</ref><ref name="WSJ2012">{{cite web\|first1=Rachel Emma\|last1=Silverman\|first2=Rachel\|last2=Dodes\|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702303425504577354021179378292\|title=High Expectations: Marketers Hope for Buzz on 4/20\|date=April 20, 2012\|work=The Wall Street Journal}}</ref> because their typical hang-out spot "was a wall outside the school",<ref name=HuffPost2009>{{cite web\|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/04/20/what-420-means-the-true-s_n_188320.html\|title=What 420 Means: The True Story Behind Stoners' Favorite Number\|work=]\|date=April 20, 2009\|access-date=January 23, 2011\|first=Ryan\|last=Grim\|author-link=Ryan Grim\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140130014421/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/04/20/what-420-means-the-true-s_n_188320.html\|archive-date=January 30, 2014}}</ref> the five students—Steve Capper, Dave Reddix, Jeffrey Noel, Larry Schwartz, and Mark Gravich<ref name="time_What">{{Cite magazine\| title = What the Guys Who Coined '420' Think About Their Place in Marijuana History\| author = Olivia B. Waxman\| magazine = Time\| date = April 19, 2017\| access-date = April 20, 2017\| url = https://time.com/4739364/420-marijuana-history/\| url-status = live\| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170420013416/http://time.com/4739364/marijuana-420-day-inventors/\| archive-date = April 20, 2017}}</ref>—designated the ] statue<ref>Statue by ], {{cite web\|url=https://newdealartregistry.org/artist/BufanoBeniamino/#\|title=Louis Pasteur – 1940\|publisher=New Deal Art Registry\|access-date=November 16, 2018}}</ref> on the grounds of ] as their meeting place, and 4:20 p.m. as their meeting time.<ref name=HuffPost2009 /> The Waldos referred to this plan with the phrase "4:20 Louis". After several failed attempts to find the crop, the group eventually shortened their phrase to "4:20", which ultimately evolved into a code-word the teens used to refer to consuming cannabis.<ref name=HuffPost2010/>

			] of '']'' popularized the story of the Waldos.<ref name="Edison2009">{{cite book \|author-link=Mike Edison \|last=Edison\|first=Mike\|title=I Have Fun Everywhere I Go: Savage Tales of Pot, Porn, Punk Rock, Pro Wrestling, Talking Apes, Evil Bosses, Dirty Blues, American Heroes, and the Most Notorious Magazines in the World\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y9lMGpb0HD4C&pg=PA207\|access-date=April 20, 2013\|year=2009\|publisher=Faber & Faber\|isbn=978-0-86547-903-6\|pages=207–}}</ref> The first ''High Times'' mention of 4:20 smoking and a 4/20 holiday appeared in May 1991<ref></ref> and erroneously attributed the origin of the term to a police code; this and other spurious incorrect origin stories became common.<ref>{{cite web \| url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/420/ \| title=The Origins of 420 \| date=September 14, 2002 }}</ref> The connection to the Waldos appeared in December 1998. Hager attributed the early spread of the phrase to ]<ref name="dead"/>—after "Waldo" Reddix became a ] for the ] bassist, ]<ref name="time_What" />—and called for 4:20 p.m. to be the socially accepted time of the day to consume cannabis.<ref name="dead">{{cite web\|url=http://hightimes.com/entertainment/ht_admin/834\|title=Stoner Smart, or Stoner Stupid?\|work=High Times\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120514155600/http://hightimes.com/entertainment/ht_admin/834\|archive-date=May 14, 2012\|access-date=April 20, 2012\|date=August 2002}}</ref>
	Another possible origin of the term can be found in the works of ]. A short story of his, entitled "]" and first published in '']'' ]), pp 50-68], contains this passage:
	:I had encountered at least one of those curious mirage-plants about which so many of our men told stories. Anderson had warned me of them, and described their appearance very closely—the shaggy stalk, the spiky leaves, and the mottled blossoms whose gaseous dream-breeding exhalations penetrate every existing make of mask...Although everything was spinning perilously, I tried to start in the right direction and hack my way ahead. My route must have been far from straight, for it seemed hours before I was free of the mirage-plant's pervasive influence. Gradually the dancing lights began to disappear, and the shimmering spectral scenery began to assume the aspect of solidity. When I did get wholly clear I looked at my watch and was astonished to find that the time was only 4:20. Though eternities had seemed to pass, the whole experience could have consumed little more than a half-hour.

			Another San Rafael group claims to have originated the term before the Waldos.<ref>{{cite web\|title=The Bay Area origins of '420' are full of controversy\|author=Lester Black\|website=]\|publisher=Hearst Communications\|date=April 17, 2023\|url=https://www.sfgate.com/cannabis/article/420-bay-area-origins-controversy-17897296.php}}</ref>
	In ], ] ] a ] entitled '']'' (''Mr. 420''), a reference to someone who has a reputation for theft and deception, since apprehensions for such crimes are usually section 420 of the Indian Penal Code.

			==International observance of April 20==
	Other theories include the following:
			]
	* Urban legend claims, incorrectly, that 420 is or was a police code for a drug bust.
			] has become an international ] ] based on the celebration and consumption of cannabis.<ref name=UCSC /><ref name="hightimes.com">{{cite web \|url=http://hightimes.com/read/power-420 \|title=The power of 420 \|last1=Halnon \|first1=Karen Bettez \|date=April 11, 2005 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513011500/http://hightimes.com/read/power-420 \|archive-date=May 13, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://cannabis.shoutwiki.com/420_event_lists\|title=420 event lists}}</ref> Events typically advocate for cannabis ] and ]. ], a founder of Seattle's ], states that 4/20 is "half celebration and half call to action".<ref name="nyp1">{{cite news\|title=How marijuana's high holiday came to be\|url=https://nypost.com/2017/04/20/how-marijuanas-high-holiday-came-to-be/\|newspaper=New York Post\|access-date=April 22, 2017\|date=April 20, 2017}}</ref> Paul Birch calls it a global movement and suggests that one cannot stop events like these.<ref>{{cite news\|last1=Gayle\|first1=Damien\|title=Thousands of cannabis users roll up in Hyde Park for annual 4/20 event\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/apr/19/thousands-cannabis-users-hyde-park-annual-420-event-end-prohibition\|newspaper=The Guardian\|access-date=April 22, 2017\|date=April 19, 2015\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227133922/https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/apr/19/thousands-cannabis-users-hyde-park-annual-420-event-end-prohibition\|archive-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref>
	* It was, at one time, believed that there were 420 chemicals in marijuana.
	* Many mistake ] as being the day Bob Marley, a notorious marijuana smoker, died. The actual date he died is ].
	* ] is the last day on which one is supposed to plant cannabis seeds.
	* ] is the birthday of ].
	* ] song "]" is 4:20 in length.
	* "D" and "T" are the 4th and 20th letters of the alphabet, respectively, and thus "DT" stands for "Doobie Time". (Doobie being a slang term for a marijuana cigarette.)

			Many marijuana users protest in ] by ] at 4:20 p.m.<ref>{{cite news\|title=Marijuana's big day is here: '420' celebrations ready to roll\|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2017/04/19/marijuanas-big-day-here-420-celebrations-ready-roll/100663642/\|newspaper=USA Today\|access-date=April 22, 2017\|language=en}}</ref>
	==Occurrences==

			As marijuana continues to be decriminalized and legalized around the world, cannabis activist ] notes that "even if our activist work were complete, 420 morphs from a statement of conscience to a celebration of acceptance, a celebration of victory, a celebration of our amazing connection with this plant" which "will always be worthy of celebration".<ref>{{cite magazine\|title=Does 4/20 Still Matter?\|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/features/does-420-still-matter-w477104\|magazine=Rolling Stone\|access-date=April 22, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|title=Annual 420 pot rally will be more celebration than protest: Organizers\|url=http://www.torontosun.com/2016/04/17/annual-420-pot-rally-will-be-more-celebration-than-protest-organizers\|newspaper=Toronto Sun\|access-date=April 22, 2017}}</ref>{{clear left}}
	*The number 420 is common in classified ads describing housing or individuals which permit or encourage marijuana use ("420 OK"). This practice is common in socially progressive communities such as ]. One such "Housing to share" listing, from the '']'' in 1994, read:

			===In North America===
	:Rm avail Veggie household. 420. No pets M pref
			North American observances have been held at many locations, including:
			*]: ] in ]<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://ny.curbed.com/2010/4/21/10515924/washington-square-gets-its-grit-back-on-420-day\|title=Washington Square Gets Its Grit Back on 420 Day\|last=Davies\|first=Pete\|date=April 21, 2010\|work=] NY\|access-date=January 7, 2018}}</ref>
			*]: ]<ref>{{Citation\|last=Reed\|first=Matt\|title=Boston celebrates 4/20\|date=2018-04-20\|url=https://www.wcvb.com/article/boston-celebrates-4-20/19876737\|language=en\|access-date=2021-04-20}}</ref>
			*]: "]" in ] near the ]<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://sfcitizen.com/blog/2010/04/20/a-huge-turn-out-for-420-day-on-hippie-hill-in-san-franciscos-golden-gate-park/\|title=A Huge Turn Out for 420 Day on Hippie Hill in San Francisco's Golden Gate Park " San Francisco Citizen \|publisher=Sfcitizen.com\|date=April 20, 2010\|access-date=April 20, 2011\| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110430000040/http://sfcitizen.com/blog/2010/04/20/a-huge-turn-out-for-420-day-on-hippie-hill-in-san-franciscos-golden-gate-park/\| archive-date= April 30, 2011 \| url-status= live}}</ref>
			*]: ] meadows at the ]<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.santacruzsentinel.com/students-mark-420-at-uc-santa-cruz\|title=Students mark 420 at UC Santa Cruz\|date=2019-04-21\|website=Santa Cruz Sentinel\|language=en-US\|access-date=2020-04-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://abc7news.com/5261194/\|title=Pot enthusiasts in Santa Cruz prepare for 4/20 toker tradition\|last=Amanda del Castillo\|date=2019-04-20\|website=ABC7 San Francisco\|language=en\|access-date=2020-04-23}}</ref>
			*]: ], ]<ref>{{cite news\|first=Perry\|last=Stein\|title=D.C. residents and activists light up on the National Mall for 4/20\|newspaper=]\|date=April 20, 2015\|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/local/wp/2015/04/20/d-c-residents-and-activists-light-up-on-the-national-mall-for-420/\|access-date=April 20, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|first=Jessica\|last=Estepa\|title=D.C. activists to hand out joints near U.S. Capitol on 4/20\|work=]\|date=April 19, 2017\|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2017/04/19/dc-activists-hand-out-joints-near-capitol/100659498/\|access-date=April 20, 2022}}</ref>
			*]: The ]<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.straight.com/news/680806/marijuana-protest-planned-vancouver-art-gallery-despite-420-moving-sunset-beach\|title=Marijuana protest planned for the Vancouver Art Gallery despite 4/20 moving to Sunset Beach\|date=April 19, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|url=http://wiki4weed.com/archive/thousands-marijuana-smokers-gather-vancouver-celebrate-420/\|title=Thousands of marijuana smokers gather in Vancouver to celebrate "420"\|last=Hall\|first=Neal\|date=May 2, 2009\|work=]\|access-date=September 30, 2009\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140910092757/http://wiki4weed.com/archive/thousands-marijuana-smokers-gather-vancouver-celebrate-420/\|archive-date=September 10, 2014}}</ref> and ] between 2016 and 2019.<ref>{{cite news\|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/4-20-pot-rally-vancouver-1.3545092\|title=4/20 pot rally draws tens of thousands in Vancouver\|last=Johnson\|first=Lisa\|date=April 20, 2016\|work=CBC News\|access-date=April 20, 2016}}</ref>
			*]: Le ] ]<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.samesun.com/blog/420-day-cannabis-festival/\|title=420 Day – Cannabis Festival\|publisher=samesun.com Samesun Nation Travel Blog\|access-date=April 20, 2011\|archive-date=October 22, 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022101515/http://www.samesun.com/blog/420-day-cannabis-festival/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.newswire.ca/en/releases/archive/April2011/19/c5308.html\|title=Canada's marijuana activists unite against American-style drug laws – 420 vote mobs to be held in over 10 cities across Canada on April 20th\|publisher=newswire.ca CNW Group\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120907092316/http://www.newswire.ca/en/releases/archive/April2011/19/c5308.html\|archive-date=September 7, 2012\|access-date=April 20, 2011}}</ref>
			*]: ]<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://theknow.denverpost.com/2018/03/08/mile-high-420-festival-lineup-2018/178800/\|title=Denver's new Mile High 420 Festival announces all-star lineup " Denver Post\|date=March 8, 2018\|publisher=denverpost.com\|access-date=March 14, 2018\|archive-date=November 20, 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181120221231/https://theknow.denverpost.com/2018/03/08/mile-high-420-festival-lineup-2018/178800/}}</ref>
			*]: ] and ]<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://cnews.canoe.ca/CNEWS/Canada/2009/04/19/9165666-sun.html \|title=Pot activists to light up on Hill \|publisher=Cnews.canoe.ca \|access-date=April 20, 2011 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120712204535/http://cnews.canoe.ca/CNEWS/Canada/2009/04/19/9165666-sun.html \|archive-date=July 12, 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.digitaljournal.com/article/290409 \|title=Ottawa's Parliament Hill just one site for planned 4/20 protest \|publisher=Digitaljournal.com \|access-date=April 20, 2011\| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110511102321/http://www.digitaljournal.com/article/290409\| archive-date= May 11, 2011 \| url-status= live\|date=April 11, 2010 }}</ref>
			* ]: The ]<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.edmontonsun.com/2013/04/20/hundreds-of-tokers-flood-alberta-legislature-in-protest-to-push-for-legalization-of-marijuana\|title=Hundreds of Tokers Flood Alberta Legislature in Protest to Push for Legalization of Marijuana\|access-date=April 22, 2013\|date=April 21, 2013}}</ref>
			*]: campus of the ]<ref name="NYT2009" /><ref name="autogenerated1">.</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.dailycamera.com/archivesearch/ci_14855977?IADID=Search-www.dailycamera.com-www.dailycamera.com#axzz0lJwVBnxu\|title=Medical marijuana expected to give momentum to CU-Boulder 4/20 event – Boulder Daily Camera\|publisher=Dailycamera.com\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430022905/http://www.dailycamera.com/archivesearch/ci_14855977?IADID=Search-www.dailycamera.com-www.dailycamera.com\|archive-date=April 30, 2011\|url-status=live\|access-date=April 20, 2011\|date=April 9, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/ct-420-explained-20170420-story.html\|title=How 4/20 ... grew ... into a 'holiday'\|last1=Johnson\|first1=Gene\|website=chicagotribune.com\|date=April 20, 2017 \|access-date=April 22, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.denverpost.com/2017/04/19/denver-420-trump-era/\|title=Denver 420 event will be a mix of marijuana politics and celebration\|access-date=April 22, 2017\|date=April 19, 2017}}</ref>
			*]: ]<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://globalnews.ca/news/4156770/4-20-celebration-nathan-phillips-square/\|title=4/20 celebrations take place at Nathan Phillips Square without permit\|access-date=April 20, 2020\|date=April 20, 2018}}</ref> and ]<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://globalnews.ca/news/3391063/thousands-expected-to-attend-toronto-420-marijuana-rally-at-yonge-dundas-square/\|title=Thousands expected to attend Toronto 4/20 marijuana rally at Yonge-Dundas Square\|access-date=April 20, 2020\|date=April 20, 2017}}</ref>
			*]: campus of the ] on the Memorial Glade north of the ].<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.berkeleyside.com/2016/04/21/photos-100s-turn-up-chill-out-for-420-day-on-cal-campus\|title=Photos: 100s turn up, chill out for 420 day on Cal campus\|access-date=October 22, 2020\|date=April 21, 2016}}</ref>
			*]: ] under the slogan Planton 420.<ref>{{cite web\|title=#Plantón420 Has Been Camping Outside the Mexican Senate For a Month\|date=March 6, 2020\|url=https://hightimes.com/news/planton420-camping-outside-mexican-senate-month/}}</ref>
			*]: ]
			*]: Loop 420 Fest at ] (])<ref>{{cite news\|title=Photos: St. Louis celebrates first '4/20 Day' since recreational marijuana became legal in Missouri \|author=David Carson \|author2=Christine Tannous\|newspaper= St. Louis Post-Dispatch\|date=April 20, 2023\|url=https://www.stltoday.com/news/local/photos-st-louis-celebrates-first-4-20-since-recreational-marijuana-became-legal/collection_8deae7d0-dfd2-11ed-8612-2fd8750aaa9e.html}}</ref>

			=== In Australia ===
	*Many of the ]s in the movie '']'' are set to 4:20. (It is often erroneously claimed that all of them are.)
			Australian observances have been held at many locations, over many years, including:
	*In an episode of the show '']'' called "The Farnsworth Parabox", an alternate universe where everyone is a ] is numbered as Universe 420.
	*The Lovecraft theory for the origin of 4:20 was first postulated on the official web-site for the rock band ].
	*The California law that authorizes and regulates medical uses of marijuana was Senate Bill 420 (Chapter 875/2003, ]).
	*In ]' ], the number 42 is the "answer" to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe and Everything, and 420/402 is often used in the same manner.
	*The ] song "Rainy Day Women #12 & 35" is informally known as "Everybody must get stoned" since the chorus repeats that line. 12×35=420.
	*The first downbeat of the drums in the ] song "]" falls at 4:20.
	*The second verse in the children's nursery rhyme ']' goes " Four and twenty blackbirds baked in a pie." ('Baked' is a common euphemism for being under the influence of cannabis.)
	*The song "Smokin" by the 70's rock band ] is 4 minutes and 20 seconds long.

			*"Who Are We Hurting?" – ]: ], ] (2019)<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://10daily.com.au/news/a190419yas/a-giant-cannabis-plant-was-put-up-at-martin-place-overnight-heres-why-20190419\|title=A Giant Cannabis Plant Was Put Up At Martin Place Overnight, Here's Why\|date=2019-04-19\|website=10 daily\|language=en-AU\|access-date=2019-10-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Collective \|first=Craze \|date=2019-04-20 \|title=A Giant Cannabis Plant Was Put Up At Martin Place Overnight, Here's Why \|url=https://crazeco.com.au/blog-a-giant-cannabis-plant-was-put-up-at-martin-place-overnight-heres-why/ \|access-date=2022-09-09 \|website=Craze Collective \|language=en-AU}}</ref>
	== External links ==
			*420 Picnic 2019 – ], ]<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.smh.com.au/environment/thousands-gather-for-weed-day-in-melbourne-20170420-4t5jb.html\|title=Thousands gather for 'Weed Day' in Melbourne\|website=The Sydney Morning Herald\|date=April 21, 2017 \|language=en\|access-date=2019-10-23}}</ref>
			*"Who Are We Hurting?" – ]] (2018)<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://dopamine.net.au/cannabis-plants-sydney-cbd-420-2018/\|title=Artists hide 'cannabis plants' around Sydney CBD for 420 protest\|last=Dopamine\|date=2018-04-19\|website=Dopamine\|language=en-AU\|access-date=2019-10-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://mashable.com/2018/04/19/marijuana-plants-hidden-420/\|title=Marijuana plants hidden in plain sight for 4/20 stunt\|last=Connellan\|first=Shannon\|website=Mashable\|date=April 20, 2018\|language=en\|access-date=2019-10-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://junkee.com/420-weed-cannabis-sydney/155337\|title=Happy 4/20: Activists Have Hidden Weed Plants All Around Sydney\|date=2018-04-20\|website=Junkee\|language=en-US\|access-date=2019-10-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.beat.com.au/these-two-weapons-covered-sydney-in-cannabis-plants-to-celebrate-4-20/\|title=These two weapons covered Sydney in 'cannabis plants' to celebrate 4/20\|date=2018-04-20\|website=Beat Magazine\|language=en-AU\|access-date=2019-10-23}}</ref>
			*"Who Are We Hurting?" – ]: ], ] (2017)<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.pedestrian.tv/news/some-blaze-lord-put-a-hydroponic-weed-pop-up-in-sydneys-kings-x-for-420/\|title=Some Blaze Lord Put A Hydroponic Weed Pop-Up In Sydney's Kings X For 4/20\|date=2017-04-20\|website=Pedestrian TV\|language=en-US\|access-date=2019-10-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.broadsheet.com.au/sydney/city-file/article/cannabis-shop-appears-kings-cross\|title=A Public Cannabis Nursery Appears in Kings Cross\|website=Broadsheet\|language=en\|access-date=2019-10-23}}</ref>
			*Happy Birthday Weed Craze Collective- 2016 – ]<ref>{{Citation \|title=Hyjak – Mother Natures Gift MUSIC VIDEO – #Superbong does 420 #Whoarewehurting? \| date=April 21, 2016 \|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5RaWOjHN_sY \|language=en \|access-date=2022-09-09}}</ref>
			* 420 Protest at ] by Jesse Willesee – 2015 <ref>{{cite AV media \|title=420 Protest At Sydney Town Hall \|publisher=PEDESTRIAN.TV \|via=YouTube \|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-rK7xcofLQ \|language=en \|access-date=2022-09-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|author=Briana Domjen \|author2=Annette Sharp \|date=April 22, 2014 \|newspaper=Daily Telegraph \|title=Jesse Willesee joins the 420 pro-marijuana movement with a smoking session outside Parliament House \|url=https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/entertainment/sydney-confidential/jesse-willesee-joins-the-420-promarijuana-movement-with-a-smoking-session-outside-parliament-house/news-story/774d2386b1480bac26ee9822de1ab6f6}}</ref>

			===Elsewhere===
	* http://www.snopes.com/language/stories/420.htm
			Events have also been held in ] in ]<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2016/apr/21/thousands-roll-up-420-cannabis-picnic-londons-hyde-park\|title=Police make 20 arrests at cannabis picnic in London's Hyde Park\|last=Gayle\|first=Damien\|date=April 21, 2016\|website=the Guardian\|access-date=May 5, 2016}}</ref> and ], New Zealand, at the ].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.odt.co.nz/on-campus/university-otago/9276/police-swoop-cannabis-protest\|title=Police swoop on cannabis protest\|last=Porteous\|first=Debbie \|date=June 12, 2008\|work=Otago Daily Times\|access-date=March 31, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|title=420 Protest\|url=http://www.ch9.co.nz/node/7704\|date=February 22, 2008\|work=Channel 9 News Dunedin\|access-date=October 7, 2008\| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081022143006/http://ch9.co.nz/node/7704\| archive-date= October 22, 2008 \| url-status= live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.odt.co.nz/on-campus/university-otago/12872/campus-arrests-follow-marijuana-complaints\|title=Campus arrests follow marijuana complaints (+ video)\|last=Porteous\|first=Debbie \|date=July 11, 2008\|work=Otago Daily Times\|access-date=April 22, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.odt.co.nz/news/dunedin/24064/moore039s-appeal-rejected\|title=Moore's appeal rejected\|last=Rudd\|first=Allison \|date=September 26, 2008\|work=Otago Daily Times\|access-date=April 22, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.odt.co.nz/on-campus/university-otago/14321/lack-quorum-foils-cannabis-vote\|title=Lack of quorum foils cannabis vote\|last=Rudd\|first=Allison \|date=July 22, 2008\|work=Otago Daily Times\|access-date=April 22, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.odt.co.nz/news/dunedin/23171/ousa-general-meeting-promises-controversy\|title=OUSA general meeting promises controversy\|last=Rudd\|first=Allison \|date=September 20, 2008\|work=Otago Daily Times\|access-date=April 22, 2009}}</ref>
	* http://www.phish.net/faq/420.html
	*
	*

			In ], ], the University of Ljubljana's student organization has carried out several annual cannabis-themed protests that have contributed to the debate on cannabis status in Slovenia and the subsequent legislation proposals in 2018 by gathering responses from various political parties in Slovenia and ranking them accordingly.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://marihuanamars.si/2019/03/14/politicni-semafor/\|title=Politični Semafor\|date=March 20, 2018\|website=marihuanamars\|access-date=February 3, 2018\|archive-date=September 26, 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926041047/http://marihuanamars.si/2019/03/14/politicni-semafor/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.rtvslo.si/slovenija/bo-konoplja-kmalu-legalizirana/445222\|title=Bo konoplja kmalu legalizirana?\|last=Ma\|first=Al\|date=February 2, 2018\|website=RTVSLO\|access-date=February 3, 2018}}</ref>
	]

	]
			In ], known for strict drug laws and intolerance to cannabis consumption,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.detaykibris.com/iste-kktcnin-uyusturucu-raporu-84360h.htm\|title=İşte KKTC'nin uyuşturucu raporu\|date=June 29, 2015\|website=detaykibris\|access-date=April 19, 2019}}</ref> the first 420 event was held in the capital city ] in 2015. On April 20, 2017, a small group of protesters carried out an event near the parliament building and made a public statement, demanding the legalization of cannabis sale, consumption, and production with state regulations.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.yeniduzen.com/hint-keneviri-serbesiyeti-talep-edildi-88920h.htm\|title=Meclis önünde 'Elini Otumdan Çek' eylemi\|date=April 20, 2017\|website=yeniduzen\|access-date=April 13, 2019}}</ref>
	]

			==Other effects==
			{{Cannabis sidebar}}
			===Traffic safety===

			Despite two studies reporting a supposed increase in the risk of ] on April 20,<ref>{{cite journal\|last1=Staples\|first1=John A.\|last2=Redelmeier\|first2=Donald A.\|title=The April 20 Cannabis Celebration and Fatal Traffic Crashes in the United States\|journal=]\|date=2018\|volume=178\|issue=4\|pages=569–572\|doi=10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.8298\|pmid=29435568\|pmc=5876802\| issn=2168-6106 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Vandoros \|first1=Sotiris \|last2=Kawachi \|first2=Ichiro \|title=The relative risk of motor vehicle collision on cannabis celebration day in Great Britain \|journal=Accident Analysis & Prevention \|date=July 2019 \|volume=128 \|pages=248–252 \|doi=10.1016/j.aap.2019.02.013 \|pmid=30902341 \|s2cid=85457198 \|url=https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/ws/files/107744781/420_accepted_version.pdf }}</ref> further investigation and analysis found the evidence did not support such claims.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last1=Harper\|first1=Sam\|last2=Palayew\|first2=Adam\|date=2019-01-29\|title=The annual cannabis holiday and fatal traffic crashes\|journal=Injury Prevention\|volume=25\|issue=5\|pages=433–437\|language=en\|doi=10.1136/injuryprev-2018-043068\|pmid=30696698\|s2cid=59413349\|issn=1353-8047\|url=http://osf.io/tzcsy/}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Aydelotte \|first1=Jayson D. \|last2=Mardock \|first2=Alexandra L. \|last3=Teixeira \|first3=Pedro G. \|last4=Brown \|first4=Lawrence H. \|title=Re-examining the Association Between '4/20' and Fatal Crashes—Doobie-ous Data? \|journal=JAMA Internal Medicine \|date=1 November 2018 \|volume=178 \|issue=11 \|pages=1565 \|doi=10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.5856 \|pmid=30398555 \|s2cid=53223889 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Staples \|first1=John A. \|last2=Redelmeier \|first2=Donald A. \|title=Association Between April 20 Cannabis Celebration and Fatal Crashes \|journal=JAMA Internal Medicine \|date=1 March 2019 \|volume=179 \|issue=3 \|pages=456 \|doi=10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.8094 \|pmid=30715145 \|s2cid=73432259 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Staples \|first1=John A \|last2=Redelmeier \|first2=Donald A \|title=Crashes on cannabis celebration day \|journal=Injury Prevention \|date=October 2019 \|volume=25 \|issue=5 \|pages=476–477 \|doi=10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043262 \|pmid=31302609 \|s2cid=196618121 }}</ref>

			===Stolen signs===
			{{Further\|Street sign theft}}
			In the US, signs bearing the number 420 have been frequently stolen. In Colorado, the ] replaced the Mile Marker 420 sign on ] east of Denver with one reading 419.99 in an attempt to stop the thievery.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/01/11/colorado-changes-sign-thieves/4435753/\|title=State alters 420 MM sign to thwart thieves \|work=] \|access-date=April 18, 2018}}</ref> The Colorado DOT usually will not replace signs that are repeatedly taken, but began the practice of replacing further down the road after "]" mile marker signs were frequently stolen—these were replaced with "68.5 mile" ones.<ref name=MF/> The ] (ITD) replaced the mile marker 420 sign on ], just south of ], with mile marker 419.9.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.ktvb.com/story/news/local/idaho/2015/08/18/idaho-replaces-mile-marker-420-with-4199-to-thwart-stoners/31928433/\|title=Idaho replaces mile marker 420 with 419.9 to thwart stoners\|work=]\|access-date=August 18, 2015\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150820184544/http://www.ktvb.com/story/news/local/idaho/2015/08/18/idaho-replaces-mile-marker-420-with-4199-to-thwart-stoners/31928433/\|archive-date=August 20, 2015}}</ref> The ] implemented similar measures,<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/12/us/washington-highway-sign-420.html\|title=Washington State Wants to Stop Theft of Mile 420 Signs. Its Solution? Mile 419.9.\|last=Jacobs\|first=Julia\|date=January 12, 2019\|work=The New York Times\|access-date=January 13, 2019\|language=en-US\|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> but only replaced one of the two 420 signs in the state, with the remaining one being subsequently stolen.<ref name=MF>{{cite web\|url=http://mentalfloss.com/article/67576/stoners-keep-stealing-420-mile-markers-so-some-states-have-replaced-them-4199\|title=Stoners Keep Stealing 420 Mile Markers, So Some States Have Replaced Them With 419.9\|author=Keyser, Hannah\|website=]\|date=August 20, 2015\|access-date=April 20, 2019}}</ref> According to '']'', there are eleven 420 mile markers in the US, after three replacements and one stolen and not replaced.<ref>{{cite news\|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2015/08/20/a-map-of-the-remaining-420-mile-markers-in-the-u-s\|title=A map of the remaining 420-mile markers in the U.S.\|author=Ingraham, Christopher\|newspaper=Washington Post\|date=August 20, 2015\|access-date=April 20, 2019}}</ref> In ], officials have changed "420 St" street signs to "42x St".<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.postbulletin.com/news/local/after-deadline-county-finds-fix-for-missing-signs/article_b88939fb-3c91-5523-b41e-a3b6c2dff8e4.html\|title=County finds fix for missing 420 signs\|work=]\|date=July 20, 2015 \|access-date=July 20, 2015\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170430012124/http://www.postbulletin.com/news/local/after-deadline-county-finds-fix-for-missing-signs/article_b88939fb-3c91-5523-b41e-a3b6c2dff8e4.html\|archive-date=April 30, 2017}}</ref> The mile marker 420 sign on ], the only 420 marker in the state of ], is frequently stolen.<ref>{{cite news\|title=Officials say theft of '420' road signs no laughing matter\|date=August 26, 2015\|author=Kelly Keiter\|publisher=]\|location=Salt Lake City\|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2019/01/10/washington-taxpayers-pay-price-stolen-420-69-road-signs/2544449002/}}</ref>

			===Legislation and other government recognition===
			In 2003, ] was introduced to regulate medical marijuana use. An unsuccessful 2010 bill to legalize ] was called Bill 420.<ref>{{cite web \|author=Only one shows up for pot bill \|url=http://mvguam.com/local/news/13221-only-one-shows-up-for-pot-bill.html \|title=Only one shows up for pot bill \|publisher=Mvguam.com \|date=July 15, 2010 \|access-date=July 15, 2015 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150715182329/http://mvguam.com/local/news/13221-only-one-shows-up-for-pot-bill.html \|archive-date=July 15, 2015 }}</ref> A North Dakota bill to legalize cannabis was HB 1420, introduced in January 2021.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Bill Actions for HB 1420\|publisher=North Dakota legislative branch\|website=nd.gov official portal for North Dakota government\|url=https://www.legis.nd.gov/assembly/67-2021/bill-actions/ba1420.html\|access-date=April 20, 2021<!-- GMT -->\|archive-date=March 26, 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210326000755/https://www.legis.nd.gov/assembly/67-2021/bill-actions/ba1420.html\|url-status=dead}}</ref>

			The Marijuana Freedom and Opportunity Act (which if enacted would ] and deschedule cannabis in the United States) was announced by Senator and ] ] (D-New York) on April 20, 2018.<ref name="Guild 2018">{{cite news \| last=Guild \| first=Blair \| title=On 4/20, Sen. Schumer introduces bill to decriminalize marijuana \| website=CBS News \| date=April 20, 2018 \| url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/on-420-sen-schumer-introduces-bill-to-decriminalize-marijuana/ \| access-date=April 19, 2019}}</ref><ref name="Gstalter 2018">{{cite web \| last=Gstalter \| first=Morgan \| title=Schumer unveils bill to decriminalize marijuana \| website=The Hill \| date=June 28, 2018 \| url=https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/394562-schumer-unveils-bill-to-decriminalize-marijuana \| access-date=April 19, 2019}}</ref> On January 9, 2019, H.R. 420 was introduced into the ] by Representative ] (D-Oregon), named the Regulate Marijuana Like Alcohol Act, which is designed to remove ] from the ] and return regulation to the states.<ref>{{cite news\|author=Tom Angell\|title= New Congressional Marijuana Bill Is Actually Numbered H.R. 420\|work=Marijuana Moment \|via=Forbes\|date= January 9, 2019\|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/tomangell/2019/01/09/new-congressional-marijuana-bill-is-actually-numbered-h-r-420}}</ref>

			The State of Colorado auctioned off several cannabis-themed personalized license plates in 2021, with the bidding to be closed on April 20 (4/20). The highest bid shortly before the auction closed was over $6,500 for "ISIT420".<ref>{{citation\|title=Colorado to auction off cannabis-themed license plates\|publisher=Associated Press\|date=April 13, 2021\|url=https://apnews.com/article/colorado-auction-marijuana-theme-license-plates-e2e2661f06b68efb877ef0820c807d54}}</ref>

			Following the success of Washington, D.C.'s ] to legalize cannabis in 2014, Mayor ] granted ] number 420 to the campaign's leader, ].<ref>{{cite news\|title=D.C. mayor offers pot activist Tag 420 for his efforts\|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/local/wp/2015/03/13/d-c-mayor-offers-special-420-license-plate-to-pot-activist/\|newspaper=Washington Post}}</ref>

			===Literature===
			Several ] have "420" in the title, including the ]s ''The 420 Cannabis Cookbook'', published by ],<ref>{{cite web\|website=Stylecaster\|publisher=]\|title=The Best 4/20 Cookbooks for When You Have a Case of the Munchies\|author=Maggie GRISWOLD \|date=April 14, 2020 \|url=https://stylecaster.com/best-4-20-cookbooks/}}</ref> and ''The 420 Gourmet'' published in 2016 by ].<ref>{{citation\|website =spy.com\|publisher=]\|title=Celebrate the High Holy Day With These Celebrated Marijuana Cookbooks \|author=Naima Karp \|author2=Destynee Powell \|date=November 8, 2018\|url=https://spy.com/articles/hacks/kitchen/420-friendly-cookbooks-cannabis-snoop-dogg-140841/}}</ref><ref>{{citation\|publisher=]\|title=Cookbooks Previews: June 2016\|author=Jonathan Segura \| date=May 17, 2016\|url=https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/cooking/article/70403-cookbooks-previews-june-2016.html}}</ref>

			===Commerce===
			Some American restaurants offer ] to coincide with April 20.

			] CEO ] tweeted in 2018 about taking his company private at $420 a share. Musk testified during the trial that any associations with cannabis were coincidental<ref>{{Cite news \|last1=Paul \|first1=Kari \|last2=McCormick \|first2=Erin \|date=2023-02-03 \|title=Jury sides with Elon Musk over 2018 tweets claiming he would take Tesla private \|language=en-GB \|work=The Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2023/feb/03/elon-musk-tesla-investors-lawsuit-twitter \|access-date=2023-02-04 \|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|last=Anon \|date=28 January 2023 \|title=The world this week \|newspaper=The Economist \|pages=10}}</ref> but in the SEC filing he admitted that he had recently discovered the number's importance within the cannabis culture and thought his girlfriend would find it funny.<ref name="reuters2022">{{Cite news \|last1=Hu \|first1=Krystal \|last2=Sen \|first2=Anirban \|date=2022-04-26 \|title=From weed joke to agreed deal: Inside Musk's $44 bln Twitter buyout \|language=en-GB \|work=Reuters \|url=
			https://www.reuters.com/business/weed-joke-agreed-deal-inside-musks-44-bln-twitter-buyout-2022-04-26 \|access-date=2024-04-15 }}</ref> Musk purchased Twitter in 2022 at $54.20 per share and the financing documents were signed on April 20, acknowledging the reference to marijuana culture.<ref name="reuters2022/>

			==See also==
			{{Portal\|Cannabis\|Holidays}}
			* ]
			* ]
			* ]
			* ]

			==References==
			{{Reflist}}

			==External links==
			{{wiktionary\|420}}
			* {{Commons category-inline}}
			* {{cite journal \|last1=Hager \|first1=Steven \|title=The History of 420, in Three Acts \|journal=Freedom Leaf \|date=April 2015 \|volume=1 \|issue=5 \|pages=32–37+ \|url=http://online.fliphtml5.com/wixy/kqlu/#p=32}}

			{{Cannabis events}}
			{{Cannabis}}
			{{U.S. Holidays}}
			{{drug use}}

			{{authority control}}
			]
			]
			]
			]
			]
			]
			]
			]
			]
			]

Latest revision as of 20:35, 7 January 2025

Number referring to cannabis

420 originally "4:20 Louis"
Statue of Louis Pasteur at San Rafael High School, by Benny Bufano (1940), site of the earliest 4:20 gatherings in 1971
Observed by	Cannabis counterculture, legal reformers, entheogenic spiritualists, and general users of cannabis
Type	Secular
Significance	Time/date to celebrate cannabis
Observances	Cannabis consumption, traditionally cannabis smoking, dispensary discounts
Date	4:20 p.m./April 20
Frequency	Daily, annually

420, 4:20 or 4/20 (pronounced four-twenty) is cannabis culture slang for marijuana and hashish consumption, especially smoking around the time 4:20 p.m. (16:20). It also refers to cannabis-oriented celebrations that take place annually on April 20 (4/20 in U.S. date form).

Origins

Five high school students in San Rafael, California, coined the term as part of their 1971 search for an abandoned cannabis crop, based on a treasure map made by the grower. Calling themselves the Waldos, because their typical hang-out spot "was a wall outside the school", the five students—Steve Capper, Dave Reddix, Jeffrey Noel, Larry Schwartz, and Mark Gravich—designated the Louis Pasteur statue on the grounds of San Rafael High School as their meeting place, and 4:20 p.m. as their meeting time. The Waldos referred to this plan with the phrase "4:20 Louis". After several failed attempts to find the crop, the group eventually shortened their phrase to "4:20", which ultimately evolved into a code-word the teens used to refer to consuming cannabis.

Steven Hager of High Times popularized the story of the Waldos. The first High Times mention of 4:20 smoking and a 4/20 holiday appeared in May 1991 and erroneously attributed the origin of the term to a police code; this and other spurious incorrect origin stories became common. The connection to the Waldos appeared in December 1998. Hager attributed the early spread of the phrase to Grateful Dead followers—after "Waldo" Reddix became a roadie for the Grateful Dead bassist, Phil Lesh—and called for 4:20 p.m. to be the socially accepted time of the day to consume cannabis.

Another San Rafael group claims to have originated the term before the Waldos.

International observance of April 20

April 20 has become an international counterculture holiday based on the celebration and consumption of cannabis. Events typically advocate for cannabis liberalization and legalization. Vivian McPeak, a founder of Seattle's Hempfest, states that 4/20 is "half celebration and half call to action". Paul Birch calls it a global movement and suggests that one cannot stop events like these.

Many marijuana users protest in civil disobedience by gathering in public to smoke at 4:20 p.m.

As marijuana continues to be decriminalized and legalized around the world, cannabis activist Steve DeAngelo notes that "even if our activist work were complete, 420 morphs from a statement of conscience to a celebration of acceptance, a celebration of victory, a celebration of our amazing connection with this plant" which "will always be worthy of celebration".

In North America

North American observances have been held at many locations, including:

New York City: Washington Square Park in Manhattan
Boston: Boston Common
San Francisco: "Hippie Hill" in Golden Gate Park near the Haight-Ashbury
Santa Cruz: Porter College meadows at the University of California, Santa Cruz
Washington, D.C.: National Mall, United States Capitol
Vancouver: The Vancouver Art Gallery and Sunset Beach between 2016 and 2019.
Montréal: Le Mont Royal George-Étienne Cartier Monument
Denver: Civic Center Park
Ottawa: Parliament Hill and Major's Hill Park
Edmonton: The Alberta Legislature Building
Boulder: campus of the University of Colorado Boulder
Toronto: Nathan Phillips Square and Yonge-Dundas Square
Berkeley: campus of the University of California, Berkeley on the Memorial Glade north of the Doe Memorial Library.
Mexico City: Mexican Senate under the slogan Planton 420.
Ann Arbor: Hash Bash
St. Louis, Missouri: Loop 420 Fest at Delmar Loop (University City)

In Australia

Australian observances have been held at many locations, over many years, including:

"Who Are We Hurting?" – Sydney City: Martin Place, NSW (2019)
420 Picnic 2019 – Melbourne, VIC
"Who Are We Hurting?" – Sydney , NSW (2018)
"Who Are We Hurting?" – Sydney City: Kings Cross, NSW (2017)
Happy Birthday Weed Craze Collective- 2016 – Sydney, NSW
420 Protest at Sydney Town Hall by Jesse Willesee – 2015

Elsewhere

Events have also been held in Hyde Park in London and Dunedin, New Zealand, at the University of Otago.

In Ljubljana, Slovenia, the University of Ljubljana's student organization has carried out several annual cannabis-themed protests that have contributed to the debate on cannabis status in Slovenia and the subsequent legislation proposals in 2018 by gathering responses from various political parties in Slovenia and ranking them accordingly.

In Northern Cyprus, known for strict drug laws and intolerance to cannabis consumption, the first 420 event was held in the capital city Lefkoşa in 2015. On April 20, 2017, a small group of protesters carried out an event near the parliament building and made a public statement, demanding the legalization of cannabis sale, consumption, and production with state regulations.

Other effects

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v t e

Traffic safety

Despite two studies reporting a supposed increase in the risk of fatal motor vehicle crashes on April 20, further investigation and analysis found the evidence did not support such claims.

Stolen signs

Further information: Street sign theft

In the US, signs bearing the number 420 have been frequently stolen. In Colorado, the Colorado Department of Transportation replaced the Mile Marker 420 sign on I-70 east of Denver with one reading 419.99 in an attempt to stop the thievery. The Colorado DOT usually will not replace signs that are repeatedly taken, but began the practice of replacing further down the road after "69" mile marker signs were frequently stolen—these were replaced with "68.5 mile" ones. The Idaho Department of Transportation (ITD) replaced the mile marker 420 sign on U.S. Highway 95, just south of Coeur d'Alene, with mile marker 419.9. The Washington State Department of Transportation implemented similar measures, but only replaced one of the two 420 signs in the state, with the remaining one being subsequently stolen. According to The Washington Post, there are eleven 420 mile markers in the US, after three replacements and one stolen and not replaced. In Goodhue County, Minnesota, officials have changed "420 St" street signs to "42x St". The mile marker 420 sign on U.S. Route 89, the only 420 marker in the state of Utah, is frequently stolen.

Legislation and other government recognition

In 2003, California Senate Bill 420 was introduced to regulate medical marijuana use. An unsuccessful 2010 bill to legalize cannabis in Guam was called Bill 420. A North Dakota bill to legalize cannabis was HB 1420, introduced in January 2021.

The Marijuana Freedom and Opportunity Act (which if enacted would decriminalize and deschedule cannabis in the United States) was announced by Senator and Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-New York) on April 20, 2018. On January 9, 2019, H.R. 420 was introduced into the 116th Congress by Representative Earl Blumenauer (D-Oregon), named the Regulate Marijuana Like Alcohol Act, which is designed to remove cannabis from the Controlled Substances Act and return regulation to the states.

The State of Colorado auctioned off several cannabis-themed personalized license plates in 2021, with the bidding to be closed on April 20 (4/20). The highest bid shortly before the auction closed was over $6,500 for "ISIT420".

Following the success of Washington, D.C.'s Initiative 71 to legalize cannabis in 2014, Mayor Muriel Bowser granted license plate number 420 to the campaign's leader, Adam Eidinger.

Literature

Several books about cannabis have "420" in the title, including the cannabis cookbooks The 420 Cannabis Cookbook, published by Simon & Schuster, and The 420 Gourmet published in 2016 by HarperCollins.

Commerce

Some American restaurants offer "420" themed promotions to coincide with April 20.

Tesla CEO Elon Musk tweeted in 2018 about taking his company private at $420 a share. Musk testified during the trial that any associations with cannabis were coincidental but in the SEC filing he admitted that he had recently discovered the number's importance within the cannabis culture and thought his girlfriend would find it funny. Musk purchased Twitter in 2022 at $54.20 per share and the financing documents were signed on April 20, acknowledging the reference to marijuana culture.

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External links

Media related to 420 (cannabis culture) at Wikimedia Commons
Hager, Steven (April 2015). "The History of 420, in Three Acts". Freedom Leaf. 1 (5): 32–37+.

v t e Cannabis events
Worldwide	420 (cannabis culture) Global Marijuana March
Americas	Boise Hempfest Burnside Burn (2015) Cannabis Cup Emerald Empire Hempfest Freedom Rally Great Midwest Marijuana Harvest Festival Hash Bash High Times Medical Cannabis Cup Missoula Hempfest Moscow Hemp Fest National Cannabis Festival National Cannabis Summit Olympia Hempfest Portland Hempstalk Festival Salem Hempfest Seattle Hempfest Tokers Bowl (2002–2005) Weed the People (2015)
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Related	List of cannabis competitions

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General	Bootleggers and Baptists Cannabis rights Activists Capital punishment for cannabis trafficking Effects of legalized cannabis Global Marijuana March Legality of cannabis Internationally Regulatory agencies 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs 1971 Vienna Convention on Psychotropic Substances 1998 UN Convention on Illicit Trafficking In the U.S. Legal history in the United States Marihuana Tax Act of 1937 Timeline of cannabis law
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v t e Holidays, observances, and celebrations in the United States
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January–February	Chinese New Year / Lunar New Year (NY, cultural, religious) Super Bowl Sunday Vasant Panchami (religious)
February American Heart Month Black History Month	Washington's Birthday (federal) Valentine's Day Birthday of Luis Muñoz Marín (PR) Candlemas (religious) Charles Darwin Day / Darwin Day (CA, DE) Day of Remembrance (CA, OR, WA, cultural) Georgia Day (GA) Groundhog Day Imbolc (religious) Lincoln's Birthday (CA, CT, IL, IN, MO, NY, WV) National Girls and Women in Sports Day National Freedom Day (36) Nirvana Day (religious) Presentation of Our Lord to the Temple (religious) Promised Reformer Day (religious) Ronald Reagan Day (CA) Rosa Parks Day (CA, MO) Saviours' Day (religious) Susan B. Anthony Day (CA, FL, NY, WI, WV, proposed federal) Tu B’shvat (religious)
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March Irish-American Heritage Month Colon Cancer Awareness Month Women's History Month	Saint Patrick's Day (religious) Spring break (week) Annunciation of the Virgin Mary / Annunciation of the Theotokos (religious) Casimir Pulaski Day (IL) Cesar Chavez Day (CA, CO, TX, proposed federal) Emancipation Day in Puerto Rico (PR, cultural) Evacuation Day (Suffolk County, MA) Harriet Tubman Day (NY) Hola Mohalla (religious) Holi (NY, religious) L. Ron Hubbard's Birthday (religious) Lailat al-Mi'raj (religious) Liberation and Freedom Day (Charlottesville, VA, cultural) Mardi Gras (AL (in two counties), LA) Maryland Day (MD) Medal of Honor Day National Poison Prevention Week (week) Nowruz (cultural, religious) Ostara (religious) Pi Day Prince Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole Day (HI) Promised Messiah Day (religious) Saint Joseph's Day (religious) Seward's Day (AK) Texas Independence Day (TX) Town Meeting Day (VT) Transfer Day (VI) Trans Day of Visibility (cultural)
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April Arab American Heritage Month Confederate History Month	420 April Fools' Day Arbor Day Birthday of José de Diego (PR) Confederate Memorial Day (AL, MS) Days of Remembrance of the Victims of the Holocaust (week) Earth Day Emancipation Day (cultural) Thomas Jefferson's Birthday (AL) Lag B’Omer (religious) Last Friday of Great Lent (religious) Pascua Florida (FL) Patriots' Day (MA, ME) Ridván (religious) San Jacinto Day (TX) Siblings Day Walpurgis Night (religious) Yom Ha'atzmaut (cultural, religious)
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June Pride Month	Juneteenth (federal, cultural) Father's Day (36) Bunker Hill Day (Suffolk County, MA) Carolina Day (SC) Don Young Day (AK) Fast of the Holy Apostles (religious) Flag Day (36, proposed federal) Helen Keller Day (PA) Honor America Days (3 weeks) Jefferson Davis Day (AL, FL) Kamehameha Day (HI) Litha (religious) Martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev Sahib (religious) Odunde Festival (Philadelphia, PA, cultural) Senior Week (week) Saint John's Day (PR, religious) West Virginia Day (WV)
July	Independence Day (federal) Asalha Puja Day (religious) Birthday of Don Luis Muñoz Rivera (PR) Birthday of Dr. José Celso Barbosa (PR) Emancipation Day in the U.S. Virgin Islands (VI, cultural) Guru Purnima (religious) Khordad Sal (religious) Lā Hoʻihoʻi Ea (HI, unofficial, cultural) Martyrdom of the Báb (religious) Parents' Day (36) Pioneer Day (UT) Puerto Rico Constitution Day (PR)
July–August	Summer vacation Tisha B'Av (religious)
August	American Family Day (AZ) Barack Obama Day in Illinois (IL) Bennington Battle Day (VT) Dormition of the Theotokos (religious) Eid-e-Ghadeer (religious) Fast in Honor of the Holy Mother of Lord Jesus (religious) Feast of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary (religious) Hawaii Admission Day / Statehood Day (HI) Krishna Janmashtami (religious) Lammas (religious) Lyndon Baines Johnson Day (TX) Naga Panchami (religious) National Aviation Day (36) Paryushana (religious) Raksha Bandhan (religious) Transfiguration of the Lord (religious) Victory Day (RI) Women's Equality Day (36)
September Prostate Cancer Awareness Month Childhood Cancer Awareness Month Gospel Music Heritage Month	Labor Day (federal) Brazilian Day (NY, cultural) California Admission Day (CA) Carl Garner Federal Lands Cleanup Day (36) Constitution Day and Citizenship Day (36) Constitution Week Defenders Day (MD) Elevation of the Holy Cross (religious) Feast of San Gennaro (NY, cultural, religious) Ganesh Chaturthi (religious) Gold Star Mother's Day (36) His Holiness Sakya Trizin's Birthday (religious) Mabon (religious) National Grandparents Day (36) National Payroll Week (week) Nativity of Mary / Nativity of the Theotokos (religious) Native American Day (proposed federal) Patriot Day (36) Von Steuben Day
September–October Hispanic Heritage Month	Chehlum Imam Hussain (religious) Oktoberfest Pitri Paksha (religious) Rosh Hashanah / Feast of Trumpets (TX, NY, religious) Shemini Atzeret (religious) Simchat Torah (religious) Vijaya Dashami (religious) Yom Kippur / Day of Atonement (TX, NY, religious)
October Breast Cancer Awareness Month Disability Employment Awareness Month Italian-American Heritage and Culture Month Filipino American History Month LGBT History Month	Columbus Day (federal) Halloween Alaska Day (AK) Child Health Day (36) General Pulaski Memorial Day German-American Day Indigenous Peoples' Day International Day of Non-Violence Leif Erikson Day (36) Missouri Day (MO) Nanomonestotse (cultural) National School Lunch Week (week) Native American Day in South Dakota (SD) Nevada Day (NV) Spirit Day (cultural) Sweetest Day Sukkot / Feast of Tabernacles (religious, week) Virgin Islands–Puerto Rico Friendship Day (PR, VI) White Cane Safety Day (36)
October–November	Birth of the Báb (religious) Birth of Baháʼu'lláh (religious) Day of the Dead (VI) Diwali (NY, religious) Mawlid al-Nabi (religious)
November Native American Indian Heritage Month	Veterans Day (federal) Thanksgiving (federal) Ascension of ‘Abdu’l Baha (religious) All Saints' Day (religious) Beginning of the Nativity Fast (religious) Beltane / Samhain (religious) Barack Obama Day in Alabama (Perry County, AL) D. Hamilton Jackson Day (VI) Day after Thanksgiving (24) Day of the Covenant (religious) Discovery of Puerto Rico Day (PR) Election Day (CA, DE, HI, KY, MT, NJ, NY, OH, PR, VA, WV, proposed federal) Family Day (NV) Friendsgiving Guru Nanak Gurpurab (religious) Hanukkah (religious) Lā Kūʻokoʻa (HI, unofficial, cultural) Martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadur (religious) Native American Heritage Day (MD, WA, cultural) Presentation of the Theotokos to the Temple (religious) Trans Day of Remembrance (cultural) Unthanksgiving Day (cultural)
December	Christmas (religious, federal) New Year's Eve Advent Sunday (religious) Alabama Day (AL) Birthday of Guru Gobind Singh Sahib (religious) Bodhi Day (religious) Chalica (religious) Christmas Eve (KY, NC, SC, PR, VI) Day after Christmas (KY, NC, SC, TX, VI) Festivus HumanLight Hanukkah (religious, week) Immaculate Conception (religious) Indiana Day (IN) Kwanzaa (cultural, week) Milad Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin (religious) National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day (36) Nativity of Jesus (religious) Old Year's Night (VI) Pan American Aviation Day (36) Pancha Ganapati (religious, week) Rosa Parks Day (OH, OR) Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God (religious) Wright Brothers Day (36) Yule (religious) Zartosht No-Diso (religious)
Varies (year round)	Eid al-Adha (NY, religious) Eid al-Fitr (NY, religious) Islamic New Year (religious) Yawm al-Arafa (religious) Hajj (religious) Laylat al-Qadr (religious) Navaratri (religious, four times a year) Obon (religious) Onam (religious) Ramadan (religious, month) Ghost Festival (religious) Yawm Aashura (religious)
Legend: (federal) = federal holidays, (abbreviation) = state/territorial holidays, (religious) = religious holidays, (cultural) = holiday related to a specific racial/ethnic group or sexual minority, (week) = week-long holidays, (month) = month-long holidays, (36) = Title 36 Observances and Ceremonies See also: Lists of holidays, Hallmark holidays, Public holidays in the United States, Puerto Rico and the United States Virgin Islands.

Recreational drug use

Major recreational drugs

Depressants

Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
Carbamates
Ethanol (alcohol)
Gabapentinoids
GHB
Inhalants
- Medical
  - Nitrous oxide (recreational use)
- Hazardous solvents
- Other
  - Freon
Kava
Nonbenzodiazepines
Quinazolinones

Psychedelics	Bufotenin Psychoactive toads Vilca Yopo DMT Ayahuasca LSA LSD-25 Mescaline Peruvian torch Peyote San Pedro Psilocybin / Psilocin Psilocybin mushrooms
Dissociatives	DXM (recreational use) Glaucine Inhalants Nitrous oxide (recreational use) alkyl nitrites poppers amyl nitrite Ketamine MXE Muscimol Amanita muscaria PCP Salvinorin A Salvia divinorum
Deliriants	Atropine and Scopolamine Atropa belladonna Datura Hyoscyamus niger Mandragora officinarum Dimenhydrinate Diphenhydramine
Cannabinoids	THC Cannabis (Marijuana) Hashish Hash oil Neocannabinoid / synthetic cannabinoids JWH-018 APICA APINACA Spice
Oneirogens	Calea zacatechichi Silene capensis

Club drugs

Drug culture

Cannabis culture	420 Cannabis consumption Cannabis cultivation Cannabis edible Cannabis rights Cannabis rights leaders List of cannabis rights organizations Cannabis smoking Cannabis Social Club Cannabis tea Cannabis vaping Head shop Legal history of cannabis in the United States Legality of cannabis Marijuana Policy Project Medical cannabis NORML Cannabis and religion Stoner film
Coffee culture	Coffee break Coffeehouse Latte art Teahouse
Drinking culture	Bartending Beer culture Beer festival Binge drinking Diethyl ether Drinking games Drinking song Happy hour Hip flask Nightclub Oktoberfest Pub Pub crawl Sommelier Sports bar Tailgate party Wine bar Wine tasting
Psychedelia	Psychonautics Art Drug Era Experience Literature Music Microdosing Smart shop Therapy
Smoking culture	Cigarette card Fashion cigarettes Cloud-chasing Loosie Smokeasy Smoking fetishism Tobacco smoking
Other	Chasing the dragon Club drug Counterculture of the 1960s Dance party Drug paraphernalia Drug tourism Entheogen Hippie Needle sharing Nootropic Party and play Poly drug use Rave Religion and drugs Self-medication Sex and drugs Urban legends about drugs Whoonga

Legality of drug use

International	International drug control conventions 1961 Narcotic Drugs 1971 Psychotropic Substances 1988 Drug Trafficking Other treaties addressing drugs Law of the Sea Convention Convention Against Doping Council of the European Union decisions on designer drugs
State level	Drug policy Decriminalization Legalization Prohibition Regulation Supply reduction Policy reform Demand reduction Drug Policy Alliance Harm reduction Law Enforcement Action Partnership Liberalization Latin America Students for Sensible Drug Policy Transform Drug Policy Foundation
Drug policy by country	Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany India Netherlands Portugal Slovakia Soviet Union Sweden Switzerland United States Just Say No Office of National Drug Control Policy School district drug policies California Colorado Maryland Oregon Virginia
Drug legality	Alcohol legality Anabolic steroid legality Cannabis legality Cocaine legality Methamphetamine legality Psilocybin decriminalization in the U.S. Psilocybin mushrooms legality Salvia legality
Other	Arguments for and against drug prohibition Cannabis rights Capital punishment for drug trafficking Cognitive liberty Designer drug Drug court Drug possession Drug test Narc Politics of drug abuse War on drugs Mexican drug war Plan Colombia Philippine drug war Zero tolerance

Other

Drug
production
and trade

Drug
production

Drug trade

Illegal drug trade
- Afghanistan
- Aruba
- Australia
- Bangladesh
- Belize
- Benin
- Bhutan
- Bolivia
- Brazil
- Burma
- Cambodia
- Chile
- China
- Colombia
- Costa Rica
- Cuba
- Cyprus
- Dominican Republic
- El Salvador
- Estonia
- Finland
- Germany
- Haiti
- Honduras
- India
- Indian Ocean region
- Iran
- Italy
- Japan
- Kenya
- Kosovo
- Kyrgyzstan
- Laos
- Latin America
- Latvia
- Malaysia
- Mauritius
- Moldova
- Nigeria
- Norway
- Oman
- Panama
- Papua New Guinea
- Paraguay
- Philippines
- Poland
- Portugal
- Puerto Rico
- Russia
- Saint Kitts and Nevis
- Seychelles
- Slovakia
- South Africa
- South Korea
- Spain
- Suriname
- Switzerland
- Taiwan
- Thailand
- Turkey
- Turks and Caicos Islands
- United Arab Emirates
- United States
- Venezuela
Darknet market
Pharmaceutical distribution

Issues with
drug use

Abuse
Addiction
Date rape drug
Dependence
Driving impaired
Drug harmfulness
- Effects of cannabis
Drug-related crime
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
Long-term effects of cannabis
Neurotoxicity
Overdose
Passive smoking
- of tobacco or other substances

Harm reduction

Countries by
drug use

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