Misplaced Pages

Oscar's Orchestra: Difference between revisions

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Browse history interactively← Previous editContent deleted Content addedVisualWikitext
Revision as of 14:09, 27 August 2007 editRjwilmsi (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers932,083 editsm Typo & format fix , Typos fixed: inteligence → intelligence, using AWB← Previous edit Latest revision as of 17:23, 25 October 2024 edit undoAspects (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users, Pending changes reviewers342,944 edits rv unsourced end dates 
(218 intermediate revisions by more than 100 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
'''''Oscar's Orchestra''''' is an animated TV series that was shown on ]. {{Short description|1995 British animated television series}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}}
It was set in the distant future, and was about a talking piano called Oscar, who rebels against the evil dictator of the world, Thaddius Vent, who has banned music. Oscar and his fellow musical instruments plot against Vent and his henchmen, Lucius and Tank, and his soothsayer, Goodtooth, who always says:
{{Infobox television
'You screamed, master!'. The voice of Oscar was provided by ]. <ref>{{imdb name|0001545|Dudley Moore}}</ref>
| image =
| caption =
| genre = Children's
| creator = ]<br/>]
| writer = ]<br/>]<br/>]<br/>]<br/>]<br/>]
| director = ]
| producer = ]
| voices = ] (Oscar) (Series 1–2)<br/>] (Oscar) (Series 3)<br/>] (Thaddeus Vent/Tank)<br/>] (Rebecca)<br/>] (Mr Crotchet)<br/>] (Lucius)<br/>] (narrator)<br/>] (Young William Tell)
| theme_music_composer = ]
| opentheme =
| endtheme =
| country = United Kingdom<br/>France
| language = English<br/>French
| num_series = 3
| num_episodes = 39
| runtime = 30 minutes
| company = ]
| network = ] (UK)<br/>] (France)
| first_aired = {{Start date|1995|09|12|df=y}}
| last_aired = {{End date|1996|03|25|df=y}}
}}


'''''Oscar's Orchestra''''' is an animated series that ran from 1995 to 1996 comprising a total of three series and 39 episodes as a BBC competitor to ]'s '']''. The series was produced by the popular British animation studio ] in association with ] and ], and was originally shown on the ] as part of their children's block ]. It also aired on the British children's cable networks ] (TCC) and ] and has broadcast in over more than 100 different countries worldwide such as ] in ], ] in ], ] in ] and ] in the ].
Other members of the orchestra included Monty the violin, Trevor the tuba, and Eric the triangle. Based on an idea by Jan Younghusband, Oscar's Orchestra was designed to

inspire children with the delights of classical music and incorporates famous
According to the first episode, The show is set in the distant future, "in the year 735 squillion, 22 million, 381 thousand, 6 hundred and 4" in a city called ''New ]'', and is about a talking piano called Oscar, who rebels against the evil dictator of the world, Thaddeus Vent, who has banned music.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Erickson |first1=Hal |title=Television Cartoon Shows: An Illustrated Encyclopedia, 1949 Through 2003 |date=2005 |edition=2nd |publisher=McFarland & Co |isbn=978-1476665993 |pages=596–597}}</ref> Oscar and his fellow musical instruments plot against Vent and his henchmen, Lucius and Tank, and his soothsayer, Goodtooth. Their mission is to overthrow Thadius, save the world and bring back music. The voice of Oscar was provided by ].<ref>{{IMDb name|0001545|Dudley Moore}}</ref>
orchestrated works from the great composers in each episode. Episode titles

continue the theme. Hence we have the likes of 'Oscar Cracks A Nut' and
Other members of the orchestra included Monty the violin, Trevor the tuba, Sylvia the flute and Eric the triangle. Based on an idea by Jan Younghusband, ''Oscar's Orchestra'' was designed to inspire children with the delights of classical music and incorporates famous orchestrated works from the great composers in each episode such as ], ], ], ] and ].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Crump |first1=William D. |title=Happy Holidays—Animated! A Worldwide Encyclopedia of Christmas, Hanukkah, Kwanzaa and New Year's Cartoons on Television and Film |date=2019 |publisher=McFarland & Co |isbn=9781476672939 |pages=230–231}}</ref> The programme's opening music is ]'s Overture to '']''. The episode titles continue the theme, for example 'Bach to the Future'.
'Bach To The Future'.


==Characters== ==Characters==
* Oscar the Piano – Oscar the Piano is a blue talking grand piano, who is a so-called 'illegal instrument.' Thaddeus hates him because Oscar was once Vent's piano and Oscar refuses to not play music. Oscar is the leader of his orchestra and is constantly thinking of plans to avoid Thaddeus and bring music back to the world. He is best friends with Eric the triangle, and cares a lot for all his Orchestra, especially Rebecca and Monty. Oscar's favourite composer is ]. Oscar has a brave, strong personality, and was voiced by ] and later by ] in season 3.
;Thaddius Vent
* Rebecca and Mr. Crotchet – Rebecca (aged 10) and her grandfather, Mr. Crotchet, are good humans in this story, and they hide Oscar and his Orchestra in their house. They are constantly having to think of new ideas to avoid Thaddeus Vent. They used to run a diner before Oscar and his orchestra came into their lives. Rebecca is very good with technology, and some of her creations include the Bam gun and a robotic bull. Rebecca has a crush on Tobias Vent, who is Thaddeus' nephew. Mr. Crotchet has a curiosity workshop located in their house, where he fixes broken things. Inside their house is an entrance to the metrodome, a series of underground tunnels and rooms.
Thaddius Vent is a dictator. He has banned music, and is helped by his hapless sidekicks, Goodtooth, Lucius and Tank. Vent is a small, middle-aged man, who wears a Georgian-style wig. He also talks to his teddy bear, who is called 'Teddy.' Vent's evil schemes are always foiled by Oscar, and his orchestra.
* Thaddeus Vent – Thaddeus Vent is an evil dictator and Oscar's arch-enemy. He has banned music, and is helped by his hapless ], Goodtooth, Lucius and Tank. Vent is a small, middle-aged man, who wears a Georgian-style wig and has a heart-shaped mole on his cheek. He also talks to his teddy bear, who is called 'Teddy.' Vent's evil schemes are always foiled by Oscar, and his orchestra. It is revealed in the first episode that his hatred for music and Oscar stemmed from when he was six years old and was too impatient to practice playing Chopin music on Oscar. When it came for him to do a recital for the audience, he threatened Oscar to play for him and fool them, but it all went wrong when Oscar accidentally revealed he could play by himself and Thadius suffered great humiliation.
* Lucius – Lucius is the deputy of Thaddeus Vent. He is a small man with green skin, greasy hair and a moustache. Lucius always thinks of new ideas, and patrols the streets of ] to find illegal instruments. It is highly likely Lucius only helps out Thaddeus in his schemes because he hopes to be his heir to the throne. His pet is Tank, a savage. He is ruthless and shrewd, but seems to care for Tank on some level. Lucius' catchphrase is 'How exhilarating!'
* Tank – Tank is a savage. He is Lucius' pet, and has pink skin. Tank always helps Lucius with his schemes, but often ruins them because of his non-existent intelligence. Tank sleeps in Lucius' bedroom in Vent's palace, chained to the end of Lucius' bed. Tank will at least try to eat nearly anything, including wood, cement, and even metal. It is revealed in My Kingdom for a Tank that if Tank were more intelligent, he would prefer to be called Clifford.
* Goodtooth – Goodtooth is Thadius Vent's ]. He sometimes introduces himself as 'It is I! Goodtooth, the soothsayer! Bringer of portents and potions!' He will typically introduce himself using that format. Usually whenever Goodtooth arrives, he frightens Vent after saying, 'It is I!,' who screams. Then, Goodtooth replies to Vent by saying 'Goodtooth, the soothsayer' Goodtooth is named that because of the fact he only has one, rotten tooth. Goodtooth is a coward, as he's scared of fighting, being near fighting, or seeing fighting. He prefers to use his inventions to help Thaddeus and fire from a distance.


Other characters in Oscar's Orchestra are the instruments that are part of Oscar's orchestra, who include Monty the Violin, Eric the Triangle, who is Oscar's best friend and a very avid talker (actually a ] capable of creating a portal through space and time by touching his two ends together), Trevor the Tuba, Sylvia the Flute, who has a crush on Oscar, Louis the Oboe, who joined the Orchestra from ], and Jan and Stan the Cymbals.
;Oscar
Oscar is a blue talking piano, who is a so-called 'illegal instrument.'
He is constantly trying to avoid Thadius Vents traps, while still doing the thing he loves, which is playing music. Oscar has a brave, strong personality, and was voiced by ].


Other instrument characters not in the orchestra include Ken the Keyboard (created by Tim Wall the winner of a '']'' competition, to design a new character), Hannah the Harp, Monty's ]n brother Murray the Violin, Viiola the Viola, Mañana the Guitar, a ] friend of Monty's who likes his siestas, the ] castanets, Captain Den the Pirate Drum and his two instrument pirate mates, who run a pirate radio station, Scheherazade the Violin from ], Chordelia the piano, a pink/purple grand piano who Oscar is implied to have a crush on, Chordelia's grandfather Claude, and Sammy the piano, a turquoise small grand piano who is younger than Oscar and Chordelia.
;Rebbecca and Mr. Crotchet
Rebbecca and her grandfather, Mr. Crotchet, are the only good humans in this story, and they hide Oscar and his Orchestra in their house. They are constantly having to think of new ideas to avoid Thaddius Vent. They used to run a diner before Oscar and his orchestra came into their lives.


Other human characters include the townspeople of ], who are on Oscar and his Orchestra's side, Thaddeus's nephew Tobias Vent, who seems to reciprocate Rebecca's feelings for him and joined the Orchestra's side during the episode Star Crossed, Thaddeus's ] Vice Dictator, Big Sam the boss of ], Ali Babwa and his forty thieves, Rheena, who's an opera singer, Thadius's old piano teacher Kevin, who was one of the only people to treat Oscar as a friend when he was Vent's piano, Thaddeus's mother Thadweena, who is the former ruler of the world, and William Tell and his father William Tell.
;Lucius
Lucius is the deputy of Thaddius Vent. He is a small man with green skin, greasy hair and a moustache. Lucius always thinks of new ideas, and patrols the streets of ] to find illegal instruments. His pet is Tank, a savage.


Other characters in the show include Reg the bumblebee, Plutons (aliens on ]), an alien from ], Martians(aliens on ]), mechonomen, or robots, created and programmed by Goodtooth for the purpose of destroying Oscar's Orchestra, giant tunnel rats and the Rat King, who allied with Thadius Vent in exchange for smelly cheese and live in the underground tunnels underneath ], the Mountain King who lives in the mountain underneath Thadius Vent's castle, and the inhabitants of Count Jugula's castle.
;Tank
Tank is a savage. He is Lucius' pet, and has pink skin. Tank always helps Lucius with his schemes, but often ruins them because of his non-existent intelligence. Tank sleeps in Lucius' bedroom in Vent's palace, chained to the end of Lucius' bed.


], ], and ] have all appeared in the show as humans in the past, when Oscar and his Orchestra go back in time via Eric.
;Goodtooth
Goodtooth is Thaddius Vent's soothsayer. He always introduces himself as 'I, Goodtooth, bringer of potions and portents!' Whenever Goodtooth arrives, he frightens Vent, who screams. Then, Goodtooth replies to Vent by saying 'You screamed, master!' Goodtooth is named that because of the fact he only has one, rotten tooth.


==Voice talent cast==
;Others
* Oscar the Piano – ] (series 1–2), ] (series 3)
Other characters in Oscar's Orchestra are Oscar's orchestra, who comprise of Monty the violin, Eric the triangle, Kevin the Keyboard, Trevor the Tuba, and two cymbals.
* Thadius Vent, Tank – ]
* Rebecca – ]
* Mr. Crotchet – ]
* Trevor the Tuba, Louis the Oboe – ]
* Monty the Violin – ]
* Sylvia the Flute – ]
* Eric the Triangle – ]
* Goodtooth – ]
* Lucius – ]
* Kevin – ]
* Young William Tell – ]
* Narrator – ]

==Episodes==


==Oscar's episodes==
===Series 1=== ===Series 1===
*The Battle Begins * The Battle Begins
*Bach to the Future * Bach to the Future
*The Flight of the Bumble-Bees * Flight of the Bumblebee
*Star Tours * Star Tours
*Battle on Ice * Battle on Ice
*The Four Seasons * The Four Seasons
*Oscar Cracks the Nut * Oscar Cracks a Nut
* 1812
*1812
*Star Crossed * Star Crossed
*My Kingdom for a Tank * My Kingdom for a Tank
* Viva España!
*Viva Espana
*Once Upon a Ragtime * Once Upon a Ragtime
*The Ring * The Ring


===Series 2 === === Series 2 ===
* Queen Sheba * The Queen of Sheba
* Radio Oscar * Radio Oscar
* Forty Thieves * Dance of the Forty Thieves
* Back to Bach * Back to Bach
* Carnival of the Animals * Carnival of the Animals
* Hall of the Mountain King
* Black Keys
* Black Keys
* Hall of the Mountain King
* Sleeping Beauty * Sleeping Beauty
* A Fight at the Opera * A Fight at the Opera
* A Tale of Two Tales
* Fangs but no Fangs
* Fangs But No Fangs
* A Tale of Two Tales
* World Tour
* Four of our Notes
* Four of our Notes are Missing
* World Tour


===Series 3=== ===Series 3===
*The Lost Chords * The Lost Chords
*Out of Tune * Out of Tune
* Knight in Shining Armour * Knight in Shining Armour
* Musical Exercise * Musical Exercise
*Raiders of the Lost Park * Raiders of the Lost Park
* Soothsayer’s Convention * Soothsayer's Convention
* Water Music * Water Music
* Return of Scheherazade * Return of Scheherazade
* Maestro Thadius * Maestro Thadius
* Inside Job * Inside Job
* Lieder of the Pack * Lieder of the Pack
* Greensleeves * Greensleeves
* The Toy Symphony * The Toy Symphony




==DVD releases==
* Oscar's Orchestra Vol. 1 (2-disc set) : Episodes 1 to 13 (292 min)
* Oscar's Orchestra Vol. 2 (2-disc set) : Episodes 14 to 26 (299 min)


==References== ==References==
*{{imdb title|0309193|Oscar's Orchestra}}
{{reflist}} {{reflist}}

==External links==
*
*{{IMDb title|0309193|Oscar's Orchestra}}

]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]

Latest revision as of 17:23, 25 October 2024

1995 British animated television series

Oscar's Orchestra
GenreChildren's
Created byJan Younghusband
Collingwood O'Hare
Written byTony Collingwood
Roger Stennett
Dennis O'Flaherty
Doug Molitor
Jimmy Hibbert
Chris Trengove
Directed byTony Collingwood
Voices ofDudley Moore (Oscar) (Series 1–2)
David Holt (Oscar) (Series 3)
Colin McFarlane (Thaddeus Vent/Tank)
Elly Fairman (Rebecca)
Michael Kilgarriff (Mr Crotchet)
Murray Melvin (Lucius)
David de Keyser (narrator)
Rik Mayall (Young William Tell)
Theme music composerJan Younghusband
Country of originUnited Kingdom
France
Original languagesEnglish
French
No. of series3
No. of episodes39
Production
ProducerChristopher O'Hare
Running time30 minutes
Production companyTony Collingwood Productions Limited
Original release
NetworkBBC (UK)
France 3 (France)
Release12 September 1995 (1995-09-12) –
25 March 1996 (1996-03-25)

Oscar's Orchestra is an animated series that ran from 1995 to 1996 comprising a total of three series and 39 episodes as a BBC competitor to ITV's Budgie the Little Helicopter. The series was produced by the popular British animation studio Tony Collingwood Productions Limited in association with Warner Music Vision and Europe Images, and was originally shown on the BBC as part of their children's block CBBC. It also aired on the British children's cable networks The Children's Channel (TCC) and Nickelodeon and has broadcast in over more than 100 different countries worldwide such as ARD in Germany, France 3 in France, ABC in Australia and syndication in the United States.

According to the first episode, The show is set in the distant future, "in the year 735 squillion, 22 million, 381 thousand, 6 hundred and 4" in a city called New Vienna, and is about a talking piano called Oscar, who rebels against the evil dictator of the world, Thaddeus Vent, who has banned music. Oscar and his fellow musical instruments plot against Vent and his henchmen, Lucius and Tank, and his soothsayer, Goodtooth. Their mission is to overthrow Thadius, save the world and bring back music. The voice of Oscar was provided by Dudley Moore.

Other members of the orchestra included Monty the violin, Trevor the tuba, Sylvia the flute and Eric the triangle. Based on an idea by Jan Younghusband, Oscar's Orchestra was designed to inspire children with the delights of classical music and incorporates famous orchestrated works from the great composers in each episode such as George Frideric Handel, Johann Sebastian Bach, Ludwig van Beethoven, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Frédéric Chopin. The programme's opening music is Mikhail Glinka's Overture to Ruslan and Lyudmila. The episode titles continue the theme, for example 'Bach to the Future'.

Characters

  • Oscar the Piano – Oscar the Piano is a blue talking grand piano, who is a so-called 'illegal instrument.' Thaddeus hates him because Oscar was once Vent's piano and Oscar refuses to not play music. Oscar is the leader of his orchestra and is constantly thinking of plans to avoid Thaddeus and bring music back to the world. He is best friends with Eric the triangle, and cares a lot for all his Orchestra, especially Rebecca and Monty. Oscar's favourite composer is Mozart. Oscar has a brave, strong personality, and was voiced by Dudley Moore and later by David Holt in season 3.
  • Rebecca and Mr. Crotchet – Rebecca (aged 10) and her grandfather, Mr. Crotchet, are good humans in this story, and they hide Oscar and his Orchestra in their house. They are constantly having to think of new ideas to avoid Thaddeus Vent. They used to run a diner before Oscar and his orchestra came into their lives. Rebecca is very good with technology, and some of her creations include the Bam gun and a robotic bull. Rebecca has a crush on Tobias Vent, who is Thaddeus' nephew. Mr. Crotchet has a curiosity workshop located in their house, where he fixes broken things. Inside their house is an entrance to the metrodome, a series of underground tunnels and rooms.
  • Thaddeus Vent – Thaddeus Vent is an evil dictator and Oscar's arch-enemy. He has banned music, and is helped by his hapless henchmen, Goodtooth, Lucius and Tank. Vent is a small, middle-aged man, who wears a Georgian-style wig and has a heart-shaped mole on his cheek. He also talks to his teddy bear, who is called 'Teddy.' Vent's evil schemes are always foiled by Oscar, and his orchestra. It is revealed in the first episode that his hatred for music and Oscar stemmed from when he was six years old and was too impatient to practice playing Chopin music on Oscar. When it came for him to do a recital for the audience, he threatened Oscar to play for him and fool them, but it all went wrong when Oscar accidentally revealed he could play by himself and Thadius suffered great humiliation.
  • Lucius – Lucius is the deputy of Thaddeus Vent. He is a small man with green skin, greasy hair and a moustache. Lucius always thinks of new ideas, and patrols the streets of New Vienna to find illegal instruments. It is highly likely Lucius only helps out Thaddeus in his schemes because he hopes to be his heir to the throne. His pet is Tank, a savage. He is ruthless and shrewd, but seems to care for Tank on some level. Lucius' catchphrase is 'How exhilarating!'
  • Tank – Tank is a savage. He is Lucius' pet, and has pink skin. Tank always helps Lucius with his schemes, but often ruins them because of his non-existent intelligence. Tank sleeps in Lucius' bedroom in Vent's palace, chained to the end of Lucius' bed. Tank will at least try to eat nearly anything, including wood, cement, and even metal. It is revealed in My Kingdom for a Tank that if Tank were more intelligent, he would prefer to be called Clifford.
  • Goodtooth – Goodtooth is Thadius Vent's soothsayer. He sometimes introduces himself as 'It is I! Goodtooth, the soothsayer! Bringer of portents and potions!' He will typically introduce himself using that format. Usually whenever Goodtooth arrives, he frightens Vent after saying, 'It is I!,' who screams. Then, Goodtooth replies to Vent by saying 'Goodtooth, the soothsayer' Goodtooth is named that because of the fact he only has one, rotten tooth. Goodtooth is a coward, as he's scared of fighting, being near fighting, or seeing fighting. He prefers to use his inventions to help Thaddeus and fire from a distance.

Other characters in Oscar's Orchestra are the instruments that are part of Oscar's orchestra, who include Monty the Violin, Eric the Triangle, who is Oscar's best friend and a very avid talker (actually a Bermuda Triangle capable of creating a portal through space and time by touching his two ends together), Trevor the Tuba, Sylvia the Flute, who has a crush on Oscar, Louis the Oboe, who joined the Orchestra from France, and Jan and Stan the Cymbals.

Other instrument characters not in the orchestra include Ken the Keyboard (created by Tim Wall the winner of a Blue Peter competition, to design a new character), Hannah the Harp, Monty's American brother Murray the Violin, Viiola the Viola, Mañana the Guitar, a Spanish friend of Monty's who likes his siestas, the Spanish castanets, Captain Den the Pirate Drum and his two instrument pirate mates, who run a pirate radio station, Scheherazade the Violin from New Arabia, Chordelia the piano, a pink/purple grand piano who Oscar is implied to have a crush on, Chordelia's grandfather Claude, and Sammy the piano, a turquoise small grand piano who is younger than Oscar and Chordelia.

Other human characters include the townspeople of Old Vienna, who are on Oscar and his Orchestra's side, Thaddeus's nephew Tobias Vent, who seems to reciprocate Rebecca's feelings for him and joined the Orchestra's side during the episode Star Crossed, Thaddeus's Spanish Vice Dictator, Big Sam the boss of Chicago, Ali Babwa and his forty thieves, Rheena, who's an opera singer, Thadius's old piano teacher Kevin, who was one of the only people to treat Oscar as a friend when he was Vent's piano, Thaddeus's mother Thadweena, who is the former ruler of the world, and William Tell and his father William Tell.

Other characters in the show include Reg the bumblebee, Plutons (aliens on Pluto), an alien from Jupiter, Martians(aliens on Mars), mechonomen, or robots, created and programmed by Goodtooth for the purpose of destroying Oscar's Orchestra, giant tunnel rats and the Rat King, who allied with Thadius Vent in exchange for smelly cheese and live in the underground tunnels underneath Old Vienna, the Mountain King who lives in the mountain underneath Thadius Vent's castle, and the inhabitants of Count Jugula's castle.

Johann Sebastian Bach, Ludwig van Beethoven, and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart have all appeared in the show as humans in the past, when Oscar and his Orchestra go back in time via Eric.

Voice talent cast

Episodes

Series 1

  • The Battle Begins
  • Bach to the Future
  • Flight of the Bumblebee
  • Star Tours
  • Battle on Ice
  • The Four Seasons
  • Oscar Cracks a Nut
  • 1812
  • Star Crossed
  • My Kingdom for a Tank
  • Viva España!
  • Once Upon a Ragtime
  • The Ring

Series 2

  • The Queen of Sheba
  • Radio Oscar
  • Dance of the Forty Thieves
  • Back to Bach
  • Carnival of the Animals
  • Hall of the Mountain King
  • Black Keys
  • Sleeping Beauty
  • A Fight at the Opera
  • A Tale of Two Tales
  • Fangs But No Fangs
  • World Tour
  • Four of our Notes are Missing

Series 3

  • The Lost Chords
  • Out of Tune
  • Knight in Shining Armour
  • Musical Exercise
  • Raiders of the Lost Park
  • Soothsayer's Convention
  • Water Music
  • Return of Scheherazade
  • Maestro Thadius
  • Inside Job
  • Lieder of the Pack
  • Greensleeves
  • The Toy Symphony

DVD releases

  • Oscar's Orchestra Vol. 1 (2-disc set) : Episodes 1 to 13 (292 min)
  • Oscar's Orchestra Vol. 2 (2-disc set) : Episodes 14 to 26 (299 min)

References

  1. Erickson, Hal (2005). Television Cartoon Shows: An Illustrated Encyclopedia, 1949 Through 2003 (2nd ed.). McFarland & Co. pp. 596–597. ISBN 978-1476665993.
  2. Dudley Moore at IMDb
  3. Crump, William D. (2019). Happy Holidays—Animated! A Worldwide Encyclopedia of Christmas, Hanukkah, Kwanzaa and New Year's Cartoons on Television and Film. McFarland & Co. pp. 230–231. ISBN 9781476672939.

External links

Categories: