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{{Current PLCOTW}}
{{Wawel}}
'''Wawel''' (] ''Wzgórze wawelskie'' or for short ''Wawel'') is the name of a lime hillock situated on the left bank of the ] in ], ] at an altitude of 228 metres above sea level. This is a symbolic place of great significance for all Polish people. The Royal Castle and the Cathedral are situated on the ]. Polish Royalty and many distinguished Poles are interred in the Cathedral and ] took place there.


{{R from merge}}
==Wawel Hill==
{{main|Wawel Hill}}
There are archaeological remains indicating settlement from the ].
]).]]
The history of the medieval Wawel is deeply intertwined with the history
of the Polish lands and Polish royal dynasties during the Middle Ages.
The political and dynastic tensions that led to the final ascendence of ]
as the royal seat are complex, but for most of the Middle Ages and the ]
the Wawel was the seat of national government. As the ] formed and grew, the Wawel became the seat of one of Europe's most important
states. This status was only lost when the capital was moved to ] in the 17th century. When Poland lost its political independence during the period of the ], the Wawel became a symbol of the lost nation; demonstrations
and meetings combined contemporary political action with a claim for
the significance of the once-powerful state, taking on nationalist overtones.
]
The significance of the Wawel hill comes in part from its combination of
political and religious structures and functions. The cathedral holds the relics of ] and stands directly adjacent to the Royal Castle.
The hill has long had a religious function; some of the oldest extant
architectural remains are those of the Rotunda of the Virgin Mary, which may be visited today in a fascinating tour that takes the visitors into the walls and foundations of the present-day buildings.


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==Wawel Cathedral==
{{main|Wawel Cathedral}}
]
]'s Chapel, the tomb of the last ] and a ''pearl of renaissance'']]
The '''Wawel Cathedral''' is ]'s national sanctuary with 1000-year-old history, it was the coronation site of Polish monarchs.

The so-called Sigismund's Chapel (''Kaplica Zygmuntowska'' in Polish) is one of the most notable pieces of architecture in Kraków. Built as a tomb chapel of the last ], it was hailed by many historians of art as ''the most beautiful example of ] ] north of the Alps''. Financed by king ], the chapel was built between ] and ] by ]. A square-based chapel with a golden dome houses the tombs of its founder king Sigismund, as well as king ] and ]. The design of internal sculptures, stuccos and paintings was carried out by some of the most renowned artists of the epoch, including the architect himself, ], ] and ].

⚫ ==Wawel Castle==
{{main|Wawel Castle}}
The '''Wawel Castle''' (Polish: Zamek wawelski) served as a royal residence and the site where the country's rulers governed ] for five centuries from ] until ].

== The Wawel Dragon ==
{{main|Smok Wawelski}}
'''Smok Wawelski''', also known as '''The Dragon of Wawel Hill''' or simply '''The Wawel Dragon''', is a famous ] in ]. He laired in a cave under ] on the banks of the ] river, although some legends place him in the Wawel mountains. Wawel Hill is in ], ], which was the capital at the time. In some stories the dragon lived before the founding of the city, when the area was inhabited by farmers.
]
The ] and Kraków's ] still stand on Wawel Hill. The cathedral features a statue of Smok Wawelski and a plaque commemorating his defeat by ], a Polish prince who, according to the plaque, founded the city and his palace over the slain dragon's lair. The dragon's cave under the castle is now a popular tourist stop.

A popular version of Smok Wawelski's tale takes place in Kraków during the reign of ], the city's legendary founder. Each day the evil dragon would beat a path of destruction across the countryside, killing the civilians, pillaging their homes and devouring their livestock. In many versions of this story, the dragon especially enjoyed eating young girls, and could only be appeased if the townfolk would leave a young girl in front of its cave once a month. The King certainly wanted to put a stop to the dragon, but his bravest ]s fell to its fiery breathe. In the versions involving the sacrifice of young girls, every girl in the city was eventually sacrificed except one, the King's daughter Wanda. In desperation, the King promised his beautiful daughter's hand in marriage to anybody who could defeat the dragon. Great warriors from near and far fought for the prize and failed. One day, a poor ]'s ] named ] accepted the challenge. He stuffed a lamb with ] and set it outside the dragon's cave. The dragon ate it and soon became incredibly thirsty. No amount of drinking could quell his stomachache, and after swelling up from drinking half of the ] river, he exploded. Dratewka married the King's daughter as promised and they lived happily ever after.

==Royal Coronations in Wawel Cathedral==
{{main|Royal Coronations in Wawel Cathedral}}

Majority of ] of Polish kings took place in Wawel Cathedral. See ] for complete list.

==External links==
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Latest revision as of 12:13, 15 July 2021

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