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| {{dablink|This article is about occupied territory in general: for more specific discussion of the territories captured by ] in the ], see ].}} | |||
| '''Occupied territories''' is a term used by advocates who assert that a region has been taken over illegitimately by a ] power (compare ]). It is distinguished from a ] where there is no ], conquest (meaning military), or ] of the territory. | |||
| In most cases the period of occupation is temporary, pending the signing of a peace treaty, the resolution of specific conditions outlined in a peace treaty, or the formation of a new government.<!--This should be rephrased, occupation is by definition a temporary situation, although it at times may last decades, its not supposed to be a permanent situation--> Examples of occupied territories include ] and ] after ]; ] by ] after ] in 1967; ] ] by Israel (from 1973–1979); ] by ] from 1979 until 1989; and ] after ] removed the government of ] from power. | |||
| The ] (current), and the ] (until 2005), are often referred to as ''the occupied territories'', however their status was, and for the West Bank continues to be, disputed. | |||
| <!--Because military occupation is often considered illegitimate, the term is often used to refer to territories whose government one considers illegitimate. This usage is not technically accurate under international law because territory which has been formally annexed is not occupied territory even if that annexation is disputed. This opinion is not universally adopted, and bodies such as the ] frequently describe as "occupied" territories which have been annexed in the event that the annexation is not accepted.--> | |||
| ==History and definitions== | |||
| Most nations in the world are in some way an occupier of a previous inhabitant's land. {{Fact|date=February 2007}} Generally, any disputed territory can be seen as occupied by the party that lacks control over it at that moment. Thus, the Germanic tribes displaced the Celtic population of ]; ] was conquered and absorbed in the 7th century by ] who were not its original population. This is particularly true of the region between Egypt and ] where repeated population movements and military conquests have occurred during the past several thousand years. | |||
| Regarding the ] (58% Israeli Administered, remainder under Israeli security at present), ] (Land and Sea space blockaded by Israel) and ] proper, the correct use of this expression is often controversial and hotly disputed. | |||
| Additionally, ''occupation'' has two distinct meanings: | |||
| # The state of being lived in (as in: "] is occupied by the Manx", or this house is occupied by the Smith family); | |||
| # The state of military control following conquest by war but prior to annexation. | |||
| Although (1) and (2) are obviously distinct, they are sometimes ]. Under (1), the territory in question is under normal civilian law; under (2) the territory is usually under military law within the terms of the ], such as the ] (according to the UN). | |||
| ==Occupied territories since 1907== | |||
| For a list of occupied territories since the ] first clarified and supplemented the customary laws of belligerent military occupation see the ] and the ]. | |||
| ==Dispute over classification of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip after 1967== | |||
| After ] in 1967, Israeli troops occupied the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, and the Golan Heights. However, the status of these territories has been the subject of dispute. Most of the world considered the West Bank and Gaza ''occupied territories'', but there is a counter posed view. | |||
| ], an international lawyer, who represented ] interests at the ], argued that the West Bank and the Gaza Strip do not belong to any other sovereign state, are part of former ], and therefore fall legitimately within ]'s jurisdiction. They were "occupied territories" before ]; and the "occupying powers" had been ] and ]. Specifically, Egypt's borders had been determined by the international community even before World War I without the ]. Jordan had been part of ]; but the ], under the ] provisions of the ] had granted ], ''inter alia'', the power to divide ]. And this was done. First, the region in question was divided, for administrative purposes, into ] (across the Jordan River) and ] (near side of the Jordan River). Next, ], under its Mandatory powers, granted Transjordan independence, in ]; shortly thereafter, the country changed its name to "]." But the "]" was clearly not on the east side of the Jordan river; although this land was conquered in the 1948 war with Israel, only one country, Great Britain, recognized Jordan's subsequent ] of the West Bank but not of East Jerusalem. | |||
| ==Occupation of Western Sahara== | |||
| Most of the territory claimed by the ] located in ] is currently occupied by ]. | |||
| ==References== | |||
| * ], ], ], ], ], & ], ''Israel's Legitimacy in Law and History, Proceedings of the Conference on International Law and the Arab-Israeli Conflict''. Sponsored by ''The Lois D. Brandeis Society of Zionist Lawyers'', October 21, 1990, New York. ed. ], Esq., assoc. ed. ], (New York: Center for Near East Policy Research, 1993) ISBN 0-9640145-0-5 | |||
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