Misplaced Pages

Comparison of high-definition optical disc formats: Difference between revisions

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Browse history interactively← Previous editContent deleted Content addedVisualWikitext
Revision as of 20:27, 14 January 2008 editHarumphy (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users4,528 edits →North America: major studios: clear consensus (5:1) on talk page in favour of Image6, so restoring it. Do not change again without consensus.← Previous edit Latest revision as of 02:38, 18 August 2024 edit undoKvng (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users, New page reviewers108,245 editsm caps 
(605 intermediate revisions by more than 100 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{short description|none}}
In 2006, the release of two next-generation ] formats attempted to improve upon and eventually replace the ] standard. The two formats, ] and ], are currently in a ]. This article compares their respective technologies, business alliances, hardware support, and sales.
{{About|comparative HD optical disc formats|a history of the Blu-ray/HD DVD format war|High-definition optical disc format war}}
]


This article compares the technical specifications of multiple high-definition formats, including HD DVD and Blu-ray Disc; two mutually incompatible, high-definition optical disc formats that, beginning in 2006, attempted to improve upon and eventually replace the ] standard. The two formats remained in a ] until February 19, 2008, when ], HD DVD's creator, announced plans to cease development, manufacturing and marketing of HD DVD players and recorders.<ref name=toshibadrophddvd>{{Cite news |url= http://www.toshiba.co.jp/about/press/2008_02/pr1903.htm |title=Toshiba Announces Discontinuation of HD DVD Businesses |publisher=Toshiba Press Department |date=2008-02-19 |access-date=2008-02-19}}</ref>
There are two other high-definition optical disc formats: the multi-layered red-laser ] and a Chinese variant of HD DVD known as ].

Other high-definition optical disc formats were attempted, including the multi-layered red-laser ] and a Chinese-made format called ]. Both appear to have been abandoned{{Citation needed|date=March 2010}} by their respective developers.


==Technical details== ==Technical details==
<!-- This table was merged here from ] -->
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width: 100%;"
|+A Table Comparing the High-definition Optical Media Formats<br>''<small>DVD included for comparison</small>''<br>Mandatory codecs must be supported by the player. Each disc must use one or more of the mandatory codecs.
|+ Comparison of the high-definition optical media formats<br>''<small>DVD included for comparison</small>''
|-style="background:Gainsboro;font-size: 115%;height:30px;"
<br>
|colspan="3" style="background:Gainsboro;"|{{tnavbar|mini=1|HighDefMediaComparison}}
Mandatory codecs must be supported by the player. Each disc must use one or more of the mandatory codecs.
|- style="background:Gainsboro;font-size: 120%;height:30px;"
!colspan="3" style="background:Gainsboro;"|
!style="background:Gainsboro;"| ]
!style="background:Gainsboro;"| ] !style="background:Gainsboro;"| ]
!style="background:Gainsboro;"| ] !style="background:Gainsboro;"| ]
!style="background:Gainsboro;"| ] !style="background:Gainsboro;"| ] (])
!style="background:Gainsboro;"| ]
!style="background:Gainsboro;"| ]
!style="background:Gainsboro;"| ]
|- |-
|colspan="3" style="background:#EAEAEA;"| '''] ]''' !{{rh}} colspan="3"| ] ]
|align="center" colspan="2"| 405 ] (blue-violet laser) |colspan="4"| 405 ] (blue-violet laser)
|| 405 or 650&nbsp;nm
|650 nm (red laser)
|colspan="2"| 650&nbsp;nm (red laser)
|- |-
|colspan="3" style="background:#EAEAEA;"| ''']''' !{{rh}} colspan="3"| ]
|
| 0.85 | 0.85
| 0.65 |colspan="2"| 0.65
| 0.6 || 0.85 or 0.6
|colspan="2"| 0.6
|- |-
|rowspan="2" colspan="2" valign="center" style="background:#EAEAEA;"| '''Storage capacity<br>(single side)''' !{{rh}} colspan="2"| Storage capacity<br><small>(single side)</small>
|style="background:#EAEAEA;"| '''per layer''' !{{rh}} | per layer/maximum
| 25 GB |33/100 GB
| 25(50)/128 GB{{ref|HDMC_table_note_a|}}
| 15 GB
|colspan="2"|15/30 GB{{ref|HDMC_table_note_a|}}
| 4.7 GB
|1.4/2.6 GB (8&nbsp;cm DVD),
4.7/8.5&nbsp;GB (12&nbsp;cm DVD),
25/50&nbsp;GB&nbsp;(12&nbsp;cm BD)
|colspan="2"| 4.7/8.5 GB
|- |-
!{{rh}} rowspan="3"| Maximum<br>]
|style="background:#EAEAEA;"| '''maximum'''
!{{rh}} colspan="2"| Raw data transfer
| 50 GB
|144 Mbit/s
| 30 GB
| 8.5 GB | 53.95 Mbit/s
|colspan="2"|36.55 Mbit/s
|colspan="2" {{unk}}
| 11.08 Mbit/s
|- |-
|colspan="3" style="background:#EAEAEA;"| '''Mandatory ]s''' !{{rh}} colspan="2"| Audio+Video+Subtitles
|
|align="center" colspan="2"| ] / ] / ]
| 48.0 Mbit/s
| ] / MPEG-2
|colspan="2"|30.24 Mbit/s
|colspan="2"|27 Mbit/s
| 10.08 Mbit/s
|- |-
!{{rh}} colspan="2"| Video
|rowspan="7" valign="center" style="background:#EAEAEA;"| ''']'''
|128 Mbit/s
|rowspan="4" style="background:#EAEAEA;"| ''']'''
| 40.0 Mbit/s
|style="background:#EAEAEA;"| ''']'''
|colspan="2"|29.4 Mbit/s
| Mandatory @ 640 Kbit/s
|colspan="2" {{unk}}
| Mandatory @ 504 Kbit/s
| Mandatory @ 448 Kbit/s | 9.8 Mbit/s
|- |-
!{{rh}} colspan="3"| Mandatory ]s
|style="background:#EAEAEA;"| ''']'''
|]
|align="center" colspan="2"| Mandatory @ 1.5 Mbit/s
|colspan="2"| ] / ] / ]
| Optional @ 1.5 Mbit/s
| China's ] / ] / ] / ]
| ]
| ]<br>]
| ] / ]
|- |-
!{{rh}} rowspan="7"| ]s<br><small>(maximum data rates shown)</small>
|style="background:#EAEAEA;"| ''']'''{{ref|HDMC_table_note_c|}}
!{{rh}} rowspan="4"| ]
| Optional @ 1.7 Mbit/s
!{{rh}} | ]
| Mandatory @ 3.0 Mbit/s
|TBD|| {{yes|Mandatory<br>640 kbit/s}}
| N/A
|colspan="2" {{yes|Mandatory<br>504&nbsp;kbit/s <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.dolby.com/uploadedFiles/zz-_Shared_Assets/English_PDFs/Professional/DPlus_TrueHD_whitepaper.pdf |title=Dolby Audio Coding for Future Entertainment Formats |access-date=2009-09-08 |website=Dolby Laboratories Inc. |author1=Roger Dressler |author2=Craig Eggers |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100821044053/http://www.dolby.com/uploadedFiles/zz-_Shared_Assets/English_PDFs/Professional/DPlus_TrueHD_whitepaper.pdf |archive-date=2010-08-21 |url-status=dead }}</ref>}}
|colspan="2" {{yes|Mandatory<br>64-640 kbit/s}}
| {{yes|Mandatory<br>448 kbit/s}}
|- |-
!{{rh}} | ]
|style="background:#EAEAEA;"| ''']'''
| Optional @ 6.0 Mbit/s |TBD||colspan="2" {{yes|Mandatory<br>1.5 Mbit/s}}
| {{unk}}
| Optional @ 3.0 Mbit/s
|colspan="2" {{n/a}}
| N/A
| {{partial|Optional<br>1.5 Mbit/s}}
|- |-
!{{rh}} | ]{{ref|HDMC_table_note_d|}}
|rowspan="3" style="background:#EAEAEA;"| ''']'''
|TBD|| {{partial|Optional<br>1.7 Mbit/s}}
|style="background:#EAEAEA;"| ''']'''
|colspan="2" {{yes|Mandatory<br>3.0 Mbit/s}}
|align="center" colspan="3"| Mandatory
|colspan="2" {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
|- |-
!{{rh}} | ]
|style="background:#EAEAEA;"| ''']'''
| Optional |TBD|| {{partial|Optional<br>6.0 Mbit/s}}
| {{partial|Optional<br>3.0 Mbit/s}}
| Mandatory{{ref|HDMC_table_note_a|}}
| N/A | {{unk}}
|colspan="2" {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
|- |-
!{{rh}} rowspan="3"| ]
|style="background:#EAEAEA;"| ''']'''
!{{rh}} | ]{{ref|HDMC_table_note_h|}}
|align="center" colspan="2"| Optional
|TBD||colspan="3" {{yes|Mandatory}}
| N/A
| {{partial|Optional}}
| {{n/a}}
| {{yes|Mandatory}}
|- |-
!{{rh}} | ]{{ref|HDMC_table_note_h|}}
|rowspan="3" valign="center" style="background:#EAEAEA;"| '''Maximum<br>]'''
|TBD|| {{partial|Optional<br>18 Mbit/s}}
|colspan="2" style="background:#EAEAEA;"| '''Raw data transfer'''
| 53.95 Mbit/s |colspan="2" {{yes|Mandatory<br>18 Mbit/s}}
|colspan="2" {{n/a}}
| 36.55 Mbit/s
| {{n/a}}
| 11.08 Mbit/s
|- |-
!{{rh}} | ]{{ref|HDMC_table_note_h|}}
|colspan="2" style="background:#EAEAEA;"| '''Audio+Video+Subtitles'''
| 48.0 Mbit/s |TBD|| {{partial|Optional<br>24.5 Mbit/s}}
| 30.24 Mbit/s | {{partial|Optional<br>18 Mbit/s}}
| {{unk}}
| 10.08 Mbit/s
|colspan="2" {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
|- |-
!{{rh}} colspan="3"| Secondary video decoder (])
|colspan="2" style="background:#EAEAEA;"| '''Video'''
|TBD|| {{yes|Mandatory for ] players{{ref|HDMC_table_note_c|}}}}
| 40.0 Mbit/s
| {{yes|Mandatory}}
| 29.4 Mbit/s
| {{unk}}
| 9.8 Mbit/s
|colspan="2" {{unk}}
| {{n/a}}
|- |-
|colspan="3" style="background:#EAEAEA;"| '''Secondary video decoder (])''' !{{rh}} colspan="3"| Secondary audio decoder
| Mandatory for ] players{{ref|HDMC_table_note_b|}} |TBD|| {{yes|Mandatory for ] players{{ref|HDMC_table_note_c|}}}}
| Mandatory | {{yes|Mandatory}}
| N/A | {{unk}}
|colspan="2" {{unk}}
| {{partial|Optional}}
|- |-
!{{rh}} colspan="3"| Interactivity
|colspan="3" style="background:#EAEAEA;"| '''Secondary audio decoder'''
|TBD|| {{yes|BDMV and ]}}
| Mandatory for ] players{{ref|HDMC_table_note_b|}}
| {{yes|Standard Content and ]}}
| Mandatory
| {{yes|CETC}}
| Optional
|colspan="3" {{partial|Rudimentary}}
|- |-
!{{rh}} colspan="3"| Internet support
|colspan="3" style="background:#EAEAEA;"| '''Interactivity'''
|BDMV and ] |TBD|| {{yes|Mandatory for ] players}}
| {{yes|Mandatory}}
|Standard Content and ]
| {{unk}}
|Rudimentary
|colspan="3" {{n/a}}
|- |-
!{{rh}} colspan="3"| ]<br><small>(maximum)</small>
|colspan="3" style="background:#EAEAEA;"| '''Internet support'''
|] 3840×2160
| Optional (] players only)
|colspan="5"| 1920×1080p
| Mandatory
| 720×480 (])<br>720×576 (])
| N/A
|- |-
|colspan="3" style="background:#EAEAEA;"| '''] (maximum)''' !{{rh}} colspan="3"| ]s at maximum resolution
|] 60p
|align="center" colspan="2"| 1920×1080
| ], ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blu-raydisc.com/Assets/Downloadablefile/2b_bdrom_audiovisualapplication_0305-12955-15269.pdf |title=White paper Blu-ray Disc Format March - 2.B Audio Visual Application Format Specifications for BD-ROM - 2005 |access-date=2019-12-31}}</ref>{{ref|HDMC_table_note_g|}}
| 720×480 (]), 720x576 (])
|colspan="2"| 24/25/30p, 50/60i
| 24/25/30p, 50/60i
| {{unk}}
| 24/25/30p{{ref|HDMC_table_note_g|}} 50/60i
|- |-
|colspan="3" style="background:#EAEAEA;"| ''']s''' !{{rh}} colspan="3" |] '''video'''
|] / ] / SL-HDR2 / ]
| ], ]
|]
| ], ]
|]
| ]{{ref|HDMC_table_note_d|}}{{dubious|Frame_Rate_RfC}}
|]
|]
|]
|]
|- |-
|colspan="3" style="background:#EAEAEA;"| ''']''' !{{rh}} colspan="3" |]
|]
| ]-128bit / ] / ]
|Rec. 709 / Rec. 601
| ]-128bit
|Rec. 709 / Rec. 601
| ] 40-bit
|Unknown
|Rec. 709 / Rec. 601
|Rec. 709 / Rec. 601
|Rec. 601
|- |-
|colspan="3" style="background:#EAEAEA;"| ''']''' ! colspan="3" {{rh}} class="table-rh" |]
|
| ]
| ]-128bit / ] / ]
| Region free
|]-128bit
| ]
|]-128bit / DKAA
| colspan="2" | None (Not intended for prerecorded content)
|] 40-bit
|- |-
|colspan="3" style="background:#EAEAEA;"| '''Hardcoating of disc''' ! colspan="3" {{rh}} class="table-rh" |]
| None
| Mandatory
|]{{ref|HDMC_table_note_f|}}
|align="center" colspan="2"| Optional
| None
| {{unk}}
| colspan="2" | None
|] (6 commercial)
|- |-
! colspan="3" {{rh}} class="table-rh" |]
|TBD|| {{yes|Mandatory}}
|colspan="5" {{partial|Optional}}
|} |}
{{note|HDMC_table_note_a}}'''a''' These maximum storage capacities apply to currently released media as of January 2012. First two layers of Blu-ray have a 25&nbsp;GB capacity, but the triple layer disc adds a further 50&nbsp;GB making 100&nbsp;GB total. The fourth layer adds a further 28&nbsp;GB. <br>
{{note|HDMC_table_note_a}}'''a''' All HD DVD players are required to decode the two primary channels (left and right) of any Dolby TrueHD track,<ref></ref><ref></ref> however every HD DVD player released thus far decodes 5.1 channels of TrueHD.<br>
{{note|HDMC_table_note_b}}'''b''' All HD DVD players are required to decode the two primary channels (left and right) of any Dolby TrueHD track;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hddvdprg.com/jpn/about/hddvd/page04.html |title=HD DVD Promotion Group}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dvdforum.org/images/DVD-Forum-070605_ENG_rev110.pdf| title=DVD Forum.org HD DVD Technology }}</ref> however, every Toshiba made stand-alone HD DVD player released thus far decodes 5.1 channels of TrueHD.<br>
{{note|HDMC_table_note_b}}'''b''' On ] ] Secondary video and audio decoder became mandatory for new Blu-ray Disc players when the ] requirement came into effect. However players introduced to the market before this date can continue to be sold without Bonus View.<br>
{{note|HDMC_table_note_c}}'''c''' There are some differences in the implementation of Dolby Digital Plus (DD+) on the two formats. On Blu-ray Disc, DD+ can only be used to extend a primary Dolby Digital (DD) 5.1 audiotrack. In this method 640 Kbit/s is allocated to the primary DD 5.1 audiotrack (which is independently playable on players that do not support DD+), and up to 1 Mbit/s is allocated for the DD+ extension. The DD+ extension is used to replace the rear channels of the DD track with higher fidelity versions, along with adding additional channels for 6.1/7.1 audiotracks. On HD DVD, DD+ is used to encode all channels (up to 7.1), and no legacy DD track is required since all HD DVD players are required to decode DD+.<br> {{note|HDMC_table_note_c}}'''c''' On November 1, 2007 Secondary video and audio decoder became mandatory for new Blu-ray Disc players when the ] requirement came into effect. However, players introduced to the market before this date can continue to be sold without Bonus View.<br>
{{note|HDMC_table_note_d}}'''d''' There are some differences in the implementation of Dolby Digital Plus (DD+) on the two formats. On Blu-ray Disc, DD+ can only be used to extend a primary Dolby Digital (DD) 5.1 audiotrack. In this method 640&nbsp;kbit/s is allocated to the primary DD 5.1 audiotrack (which is independently playable on players that do not support DD+), and up to 1&nbsp;Mbit/s is allocated for the DD+ extension. The DD+ extension is used to replace the rear channels of the DD track with higher fidelity versions, along with adding additional channels for 6.1/7.1 audiotracks. On HD DVD, DD+ is used to encode all channels (up to 7.1), and no legacy DD track is required since all HD DVD players are required to decode DD+.<br>
{{note|HDMC_table_note_d}}'''d''' On NTSC DVDs, 24 frame per second content is stored as 60 interlaced fields per second using a process called ], which if done properly can be reversed to retrieve the original 24 frame per second content. {{note|HDMC_table_note_e}}'''e''' On PAL DVDs, 24 frame per second content is stored as 50 interlaced frames per second and gets replayed 4% faster. This process can be reversed to retrieve the original 24 frame per second content. On NTSC DVDs, 24 frame per second content is stored as 60 interlaced frames per second using a process called ], which if done properly can also be reversed.<br>
{{note|HDMC_table_note_f}}'''f''' As of July 2008, about 66.7% of Blu-ray discs are region free and 33.3% use region codes.<ref name="Blu-rayStats">{{cite web |url=http://www.blu-raystats.com/Stats/Stats.php |title=Blu-ray Disc Statistics |access-date=2008-07-04}}</ref><br>
{{note|HDMC_table_note_g}}'''g''' DVD supports any valid ] refresh rate as long as it is packaged with metadata converting it to 576i50 or 480i60, This metadata takes the form of REPEAT_FIRST_FIELD instructions embedded in the MPEG-2 stream itself, and is a part of the MPEG-2 standard. HD DVD is the only high-def disc format that can decode 1080p25 while Blu-ray and HD DVD can both decode 1080p24 and 1080p30. 1080p25 content can only be presented on Blu-ray as 1080i50.<br>
{{note|HDMC_table_note_h}}'''h''' Linear PCM is the only lossless audio codec that is mandatory for both HD DVD and Blu-ray disc players, only HD DVD players are required to decode two lossless sound formats and those are Linear PCM and Dolby TrueHD. Dolby TrueHD and DTS-HD Master Audio have become sound format of choice for many studios on their Blu-ray titles but ever since Blu-ray won the format war, it has not become clear if they are now Mandatory for all new Blu-ray disc players since the end of the format war.


===Capacity/codecs=== ===Capacity/codecs===
Blu-ray has a higher maximum disc capacity than HD DVD (50&nbsp;GB vs. 30&nbsp;GB for a single sided disc). In ] the ] approved preliminary specification the triple-layer 51GB HD DVD (ROM only) disc. It is still unknown if the upcoming triple layer HD DVD is compatible with current players. Toshiba has confirmed that testing still needs to be done. In ] ] announced a prototype Blu-ray Disc with a capacity of 200GB<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=94|title=TDK Develops Blu-ray Media with 200GB Capacity}}</ref>. TDK was also the first to develop a Blu-Ray prototype with a capacity of 100GB in ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=46TDK|title=Develops 2X, 100GB Blu-ray Disc Prototype}}</ref>. In ] Hitachi developed a Blu-Ray prototype with a capacity of 100GB. Hitachi has stated that current Blu-ray drives would only require a few firmware updates in order to play the disc<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=559|title=Hitachi Develops BD-100}}</ref>. Blu-ray Disc has a higher maximum disc capacity than HD DVD (50&nbsp;GB vs. 30&nbsp;GB for a double layered disc). In September 2007 the ] approved a preliminary specification for the triple-layer 51&nbsp;GB HD DVD (ROM only) disc though Toshiba never stated whether it was compatible with existing HD DVD players. In September 2006 ] announced a prototype Blu-ray Disc with a capacity of 200GB.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=94|title=TDK Develops Blu-ray Media with 200GB Capacity}}</ref> TDK was also the first to develop a Blu-ray prototype with a capacity of 100GB in May 2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=46TDK|title=Develops 2X, 100GB Blu-ray Disc Prototype}}</ref> In October 2007 Hitachi developed a Blu-ray prototype with a capacity of 100GB. Hitachi has stated that current Blu-ray drives would only require a few firmware updates in order to play the disc.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=559|title=Hitachi Develops BD-100}}</ref>


The first 50&nbsp;GB dual-layer Blu-ray Disc release was the movie '']'', which was released on ] ]. As of ], 40% of Blu-ray titles use the 50&nbsp;GB disc and 60% use the 25&nbsp;GB disc<ref></ref> while most HD DVD movies are in the 30&nbsp;GB dual layer format.<ref>, HD DVD NEWS, High-Def Digest, ] ]</ref> The first 50&nbsp;GB dual-layer Blu-ray Disc release was the movie '']'', which was released on October 10, 2006. As of July 2008, over 95% of Blu-ray movies/games are published on 50&nbsp;GB dual layer discs with the remainder on 25&nbsp;GB discs.<ref name="Blhu-rayStats"></ref> 85% of HD DVD movies are published on 30&nbsp;GB dual layer discs, with the remainder on 15&nbsp;GB discs.<ref>, HD DVD NEWS, High-Def Digest, 15 April 2007</ref><ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014221902/http://hddvdstats.com/index.php |date=2007-10-14 }}, HDDVDstats.com, 15 January 2008</ref>


The choice of video compression technology (codec) complicates any comparison of the formats. Blu-ray Disc and HD DVD both support the same three video compression standards: ], ] and ], each of which exhibits different bitrate/noise-ratio curves, visual impairments/artifacts, and encoder maturity. Initial Blu-ray Disc titles often used MPEG-2 video, which requires the highest average ]. and thus the most space, to match the picture quality of the other two video codecs. As of 2007, more and more titles have been authored with the newer compression standards: AVC and VC-1. HD DVD titles have used VC-1 and AVC almost exclusively since the format's introduction. ], which used to release movies in both formats prior to June 1st, 2008, often uses the same encode (with VC-1 codec) for both Blu-ray Disc and HD DVD, with identical results. In contrast, ], before they went HD DVD exclusively, created separate encodings, VC-1 for HD DVD and either AVC or MPEG-2 for Blu-ray. The choice of video compression technology (codec) complicates any comparison of the formats. Blu-ray Disc and HD DVD both support the same three video compression standards: ], ] and ], each of which exhibits different bitrate/noise-ratio curves, visual impairments/artifacts, and encoder maturity. Initial Blu-ray Disc titles often used MPEG-2 video, which requires the highest average ] and thus the most space, to match the picture quality of the other two video codecs. As of July 2008 over 70% of Blu-ray Disc titles have been authored with the newer compression standards: AVC and VC-1.<ref name="Blu-rayStats"/> HD DVD titles have used VC-1 and AVC almost exclusively since the format's introduction. ], which used to release movies in both formats prior to June 1, 2007, often used the same encode (with VC-1 codec) for both Blu-ray Disc and HD DVD, with identical results. In contrast, ] used different encodings: initially MPEG-2 for early Blu-ray Disc releases, VC-1 for early HD DVD releases, and eventually AVC for both formats.


Whilst the two formats support similar audio codecs, their usage varies. Most titles released on the Blu-ray format include ] tracks for each language in the region, and many also include a ] track for the primary language. On the other hand, most titles released on the HD DVD format include ] tracks for each language in the region, and some also include a ] track for the primary language. Whilst the two formats support similar audio codecs, their usage varies. Most titles released on the Blu-ray format include ] tracks for each language in the region, a ] track for all ] and ] and many upcoming Universal titles, ] for Disney and Sony Pictures and some Paramount and Warner titles, and for many Blu-ray titles a ] track for the primary language.<ref name="Blu-rayStats"/> On the other hand, most titles released on the HD DVD format include ] tracks for each language in the region, and some also include a ] track for the primary language.


===Interactivity=== ===Interactivity===


Both Blu-ray Disc and HD DVD have two main options for interactivity (on-screen menus, bonus features, etc.), one of which is relatively basic whilst the other is more advanced. Both Blu-ray Disc and HD DVD have two main options for interactivity (on-screen menus, bonus features, etc.).


Blu-ray's basic mode is known as HDMV or BDMV ("High Definition Movie Mode" or "Blu-ray Disc Movie Mode"), whilst HD DVD's is known as "Standard Content". Both offer modest upgrades from standard DVD, such as the use of more buttons on-screen, a larger colour palette, and expanded (but still very limited) programming environment. BDMV is more powerful than Standard Content, and has been used on many Blu-ray disc titles, whereas Standard Content has been used sparingly on high-profile HD DVDs. Like the disc formats themselves, HD DVD's Standard Content is a small delta on standard DVD's subpicture technology, whilst Blu-ray's BDMV is completely new. This makes transitioning from standard DVD to Standard Content HD DVD relatively simple -- for example, Apple's ] has supported authoring Standard Content since version 4.0.3. HD DVD's Standard Content is a minor change from standard DVD's subpicture technology, while Blu-ray's BDMV is completely new. This makes transitioning from standard DVD to Standard Content HD DVD relatively simple {{Citation needed|date=December 2007}}—for example, Apple's ] has supported authoring Standard Content since version 4.0.3. {{Citation needed|date=December 2007}} For more advanced interactivity Blu-ray disc supports ] while HD DVD supports ].

For more advanced interactivity, Blu-ray disc supports ], whilst HD DVD supports ]. Virtually all HD DVD discs have been released with Advanced Content interactivity{{Fact|date=December 2007}}, whereas fewer titles support BD-J.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.sun.com/SEMUG/resource/SEMUG%20PRESENTATIONS/sumit-ChallengesBD-JAuthoring.pdf|title=BD-J Authoring Presentation}}</ref>.


===Disc construction=== ===Disc construction===
Blu-ray Discs contain their data relatively close to the surface (less than 0.1 mm) which combined with the smaller spot size presents a problem when the surface is scratched as data would be destroyed. To overcome this, TDK, Sony, and Panasonic each have developed a proprietary scratch resistant surface coating. TDK ]ed theirs as ], which has withstood direct abrasion by ] and marring with markers in tests.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.engadget.com/2007/01/19/tdks-durabis-2-coating-protects-200gb-blu-ray-discs/ | title=Durabis durability}}</ref> At this point only TDK recordable 25GB Blu-ray discs and DVD-R discs use the Durabis coating.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.google.com/products?q=durabis&hl=en&safe=off&rls=com.microsoft:*&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&tab=wf | title=Durabis product availability}}</ref> Blu-ray Discs contain their data relatively close to the surface (less than 0.1&nbsp;mm){{why|date=June 2020}} which combined with the smaller spot size presents a problem when the surface is scratched as data would be destroyed. To overcome this, TDK, Sony, and Panasonic each have developed a proprietary scratch resistant surface coating. TDK ]ed theirs as ], which has withstood direct abrasion by ] and marring with markers in tests.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.engadget.com/2007/01/19/tdks-durabis-2-coating-protects-200gb-blu-ray-discs/ | title=Durabis durability |website=Engadget |author=T. Ricker |date=19 January 2007}}</ref>


HD DVD uses traditional material and has the same scratch and surface characteristics of a regular DVD. The data is at the same depth (0.6 mm) as DVD as to minimize damage from scratching. As with DVD the construction of the HD DVD disc allows for a second side of either HD DVD or DVD. HD DVD uses traditional material and has the same scratch and surface characteristics of a regular DVD. The data is at the same depth (0.6&nbsp;mm) as DVD as to minimize damage from scratching. As with DVD the construction of the HD DVD allows for a second side of either HD DVD or DVD.


A study performed by Home Media Magazine (] ]) concluded that HD DVD discs and Blu-ray discs are essentially equal in production cost. Quotes from several disc manufacturers for 25,000 units of HD DVDs and Blu-rays revealed a price differential of only 5-10 cents. (Lowest price: 90 cents versus 100 cents. Highest price: $1.45 versus $1.50.)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/questex/hom080507/index.php|title=Indies wait for HD - Page 1 - lists bulk prices for blank discs}}</ref> Another study performed by Wesley Tech (February 9, 2007) arrived at a similar conclusion. Quotes for 10,000 discs show that a 15 gigabyte HD DVD costs $11,500 total, and 25 gigabyte Blu-ray or a 30 gigabyte HD DVD costs $13,000 total.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://wesleytech.com/blu-ray-vs-hd-dvd-replication-costs-analyzed-again/113/ | title=Blu-ray vs HD DVD replication costs analyzed again - Lists 10,000-quantity prices for blank discs}}</ref> For larger quantities of 100,000 units, the 25 gigabyte Blu-ray was less expensive than the 30 gigabyte HD DVD ($1.49 versus $1.55).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wesleytech.com/blu-ray-vs-hd-dvd-replication-costs-revealed/111/|title=Blu-ray replication vs HD DVD replication costs revealed - Lists 100,000-quantity prices for blank discs}}</ref> A study performed by Home Media Magazine (August 5, 2007) concluded that HD DVDs and Blu-ray discs are essentially equal in production cost. Quotes from several disc manufacturers for 25,000 units of HD DVDs and Blu-rays revealed a price differential of only 5-10 cents. (Lowest price: 90 cents versus 100 cents. Highest price: $1.45 versus $1.50.)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/questex/hom080507/index.php|title=Indies wait for HD - Page 1 - lists bulk prices for blank discs}}</ref> Another study performed by Wesley Tech (February 9, 2007) arrived at a similar conclusion. Quotes for 10,000 discs show that a 15 gigabyte HD DVD costs $11,500 total, and 25 gigabyte Blu-ray or a 30 gigabyte HD DVD costs $13,000 total.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://wesleytech.com/blu-ray-vs-hd-dvd-replication-costs-analyzed-again/113/ | title=Blu-ray vs HD DVD replication costs analyzed again - Lists 10,000-quantity prices for blank discs| date=10 February 2007}}</ref> For larger quantities of 100,000 units, the 30 gigabyte HD DVD was more expensive than the 25 gigabyte Blu-ray ($1.55 versus $1.49).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wesleytech.com/blu-ray-vs-hd-dvd-replication-costs-revealed/111/|title=Blu-ray replication vs HD DVD replication costs revealed - Lists 100,000-quantity prices for blank discs|date=9 February 2007}}</ref>

While there is a HD-DVD variant that acts as a successor for the ], the ], a "BD-RAM" has never been released. Although the ] has unrestricted random writing access capabilities, its rewrite cycle count of around 1000 times<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.verbatim.com/subcat/optical-media/blu-ray/bd-re/ |title=BD-RE information page by optical media vendor |website=Verbatim}}</ref> is much lower than the potential 100,000 rewrite cycles of some DVD-RAM variants.


===Hybrid discs=== ===Hybrid discs===
{{missing information|section|behaviour of optical drives that support both HD-DVD and BluRay.|date=June 2020}}
At the ] ] ], ] introduced a hybrid technology, ], that would reportedly support both formats on a single disc.<ref>{{cite web
At the ], on 4 January 2007, ] introduced a hybrid technology, ], which would reportedly support both formats on a single disc. The new discs were to overlay the Blu-ray and HD DVD layers, placing them respectively {{convert|0.1|mm|um}} and {{convert|0.5|mm|um}} beneath the surface. The Blu-ray top layer would act as a two-way mirror, reflecting just enough light for a Blu-ray reader to read and an HD DVD player to ignore.<ref>{{cite web
| last = Shilov | last = Shilov
| first = Anton | first = Anton
| title = Warner’s Total HD to End Blu-ray Vs. HD DVD War | title = Warner's Total HD to End Blu-ray Vs. HD DVD War
| work = X-bit labs | work = X-bit labs
|date=2007-01-04 |date=2007-01-04
| url = http://www.xbitlabs.com/news/multimedia/display/20070104060353.html | url = http://www.xbitlabs.com/news/multimedia/display/20070104060353.html
| url-status = dead
| accessdate = 2007-01-04 }}</ref>The new discs would overlay the Blu-ray and HD DVD layers, placing them respectively 0.1mm and 0.5mm beneath the surface. The Blu-ray top layer would act as a two-way mirror, reflecting just enough light for a Blu-ray reader to read and an HD DVD player to ignore. But the following September, Warner President Ron Sanders said that the company was putting the technology on hold due to lack of industry interest.
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070107140757/http://www.xbitlabs.com/news/multimedia/display/20070104060353.html
| archive-date = 2007-01-07
| access-date = 2007-01-04 }}</ref>

Later that year, however, in September 2007, Warner President Ron Sanders said that the technology was on hold due to Warner being the only company who would publish on it.<ref name="Twice2007">{{cite web| title = Warner Remains Loyal To Dual HD Formats| work = TWICE| date = 2007-09-12| url = http://www.twice.com/article/CA6477849.html| access-date = 2008-04-25| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071012191226/http://twice.com/article/CA6477849.html| archive-date = 2007-10-12| author = Tarr, Greg }}</ref>


As of ], ], ] announced that they will be supporting the Blu-Ray format exclusively after June 1, 2008. This news suggests that the hybrid discs once announced by Warner Bros will not be put into production.<ref>{{cite web One year after the original announcement, on 4 January 2008, Warner Bros. stated that it would support the Blu-ray format exclusively beginning on 1 June 2008, which, along with the demise of HD DVD the following month, ended development of hybrid discs permanently.{{citation needed|date=July 2018}}
| title = Warner Remains Loyal To Dual HD Formats
| work = TWICE
|date=2007-09-12
| url = http://www.twice.com/article/CA6477849.html
| accessdate = 2007-11-10 }}</ref>


===Security features=== ===Copy protection===
The primary means of copy prevention on both formats is the Advanced Access Content System (]). Use of AACS is optional for HD DVD, but mandatory for Blu-ray, which can add thousands of dollars to production costs.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.avsforum.com/avs-vb/showthread.php?p=10058863&&post10058863 | title=AACS Costs |publisher=AVSForum}}</ref> Other copy-prevention strategies include: The primary copy protection system used on both formats is the Advanced Access Content System (]). Other copy protection systems include:
{| class="wikitable" {| class="wikitable"
|- |-
Line 183: Line 257:
! ] ! ]
|- |-
| |
*] encrypted digital output *] encrypted digital output
*ROM-Mark watermarking technology (physical layer) *ROM-Mark watermarking technology (physical layer)
*BD dynamic crypto (]) *BD dynamic crypto (])
*Cinavia Digital Mark

| |
*] encrypted digital output *] encrypted digital output
|} |}


===Region coding=== ===Region coding===
{{main|Blu-ray Disc#Region_codes|l1=Blu-ray Disc - Region codes}} {{Main|Blu-ray Disc#Region_codes|l1=Blu-ray Disc - Region codes}}
The Blu-ray specification and all currently available players support region coding. As of November 2007, about 68% of Blu-ray discs are region-free and 32% use region codes.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.blu-raystats.com/ |title = www.blu-raystats.com | accessdate =2007-11-13}}</ref> The Blu-ray specification and all currently available players support region coding. As of July 2008 about 66.7% of Blu-ray Disc titles are region-free and 33.3% use region codes.<ref name="Blu-rayStats"/>
The HD DVD specification has no region coding, so an HD DVD disc from anywhere in the world will work in any player. The DVD Forum's steering committee has discussed a request from Disney to add it, but many of the 20 companies on the committee actively oppose it.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.tech.co.uk/home-entertainment/video/dvd-hdd-players-and-receivers/blu-ray-and-hd-dvd/features/microsoft-why-hd-dvd-can-beat-blu-ray | title = Microsoft: why HD DVD can beat Blu-ray |date=2007-04-03 | accessdate = 2007-11-13}}</ref>.


The HD DVD specification had no region coding, so a HD DVD from anywhere in the world will work in any player. The DVD Forum's steering committee discussed a request from Disney to add it, but many of the 20 companies on the committee actively opposed it.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.tech.co.uk/home-entertainment/video/dvd-hdd-players-and-receivers/blu-ray-and-hd-dvd/features/microsoft-why-hd-dvd-can-beat-blu-ray | title = Microsoft: why HD DVD can beat Blu-ray |date=2007-04-03 | access-date = 2007-11-13}}</ref>
Many film titles that are exclusive to Blu-ray in the United States such as Sony's '']'', Fox's '']'' and Disney's '']'', are available on HD DVD in other countries due to different distribution agreements. Because of this, film titles that are exclusive to Blu-ray in the U.S. can be bought on HD DVDs by U.S. consumers purchasing them online from Europe or Asia. Since there is no region coding in HD DVDs, there are no restrictions playing these foreign-bought HD DVDs in an HD DVD player.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://online.wsj.com/article/SB119267051987662923.html?mod=googlenews_wsj | title = Blu-ray vs. HD DVD: a Solution Abroad | work = Wall Street Journal online | author = Sarah McBride |date=2007-10-18 | accessdate = 2007-11-15 }}</ref> Similarly, European customers can obtain HD DVD discs from American online retailers for titles that are Blu-ray exclusive in Europe.


Some film titles that were exclusive to Blu-ray in the United States such as Sony's '']'', Fox's '']'' and '']'', were released on HD DVD in other countries due to different distribution agreements; for example, ''The Prestige'' was released outside the U.S. by once format-neutral studio ] Pictures. Since HD DVDs had no region coding, there are no restrictions playing foreign-bought HD DVDs in an HD DVD player.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB119267051987662923?mod=googlenews_wsj | title = Blu-ray vs. HD DVD: a Solution Abroad | work = Wall Street Journal online | author = Sarah McBride |date=2007-10-18 | access-date = 2007-11-15 }}</ref>
==Studio support==
===North America: major studios===
]
In North America, three of the ] film studios release their movies on Blu-ray, and two on HD DVD. ] currently releases on both formats but will become Blu-ray exclusive on ].<ref name="warner20080104">{{cite web | url = http://www.businesswire.com/portal/site/google/index.jsp?ndmViewId=news_view&newsId=20080104005575&newsLang=en | title = Warner Bros. Entertainment to Release Its High-Definition DVD Titles Exclusively in the Blu-ray Disc Format Beginning Later This Year | work = Warner Bros. press release |date=2008-01-04 | accessdate = 2008-01-04}}</ref> Warner's move is expected to give Blu-ray about 70 percent of the high definition market.<ref name="NYT20080104">{{cite news | first=Brooks | last=Barnes | coauthors= | title=Warner Backs Blu-ray, Tilting DVD Battle | date=] | publisher= | url =http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/05/technology/05disc.html | work =New York Times | pages = | accessdate = 2008-01-05 | language = }}</ref>

]<!--Transformers hddvd.jpg|100|}}-->

Prior to October 2005 and before the release of either format, each had the exclusive support of three of the Big Six. Then HD DVD supporters Warner Bros. and Paramount added support for Blu-ray.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/oct2005/tc2005105_6128_tc024.htm|title=A Warner Bros. Green Light for Blu-ray?}}</ref> But in August 2007, after supporting Blu-ray for over a year, Paramount announced it would release high-definition content exclusively on HD DVD. (The agreement excluded titles directed by ].) At the same time, DreamWorks Animation SKG, which had not released any high-definition discs, announced it would release exclusively on HD DVD. Explaining their decisions, the companies cited perceived advantages to HD DVD's technology and lower manufacturing costs. The companies together received about $150 million in cash and promotional guarantees, including a Toshiba HD DVD marketing campaign with a tie-in to '']''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.viacom.com/NEWS/NewsText.aspx?RID=1042073|title=Paramount and DreamWorks Animation Each Declare Exclusive Support for HD DVD}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | first=Brooks | last=Barnes | coauthors= | title=Two Studios to Support HD DVD Over Rival | date=] | publisher= | url =http://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/21/technology/21disney.html | work =New York Times | pages = | accessdate = 2007-11-13 | language = }}</ref> Paramount, however, reserves the right to switch its backing to Blu-ray Disc. <ref>http://www.ft.com/cms/s/8d56c2a8-bc89-11dc-bcf9-0000779fd2ac.html</ref>

]
On ], ], ] announced plans to drop HD DVD support completely as of the beginning of June 2008. In the interim, Warner Home Video will release its titles first in the DVD and Blu-ray formats, then, after about three weeks, in the HD DVD format.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.highdefdigest.com/news/show/Release_Date_Changes/Warner/Warner_Outlines_HD_DVD_Separation_Plan_Delays_Invasion,_Jesse_James_HD_DVDs/1364 | title = Warner Outlines HD DVD Separation Plan; Delays 'Invasion,' 'Jesse James' HD DVDs | work = High-Def Digest | date = 2008-01-11 | accessdate = 2008-01-14 }}</ref> Following the announcement, some analysts said the move would prove the tipping point in the format war in favor of Blu-ray. At the ] in Las Vegas, some HD DVD-related events and private meetings with analysts and retailers were cancelled, including an event scheduled for the eve of the show sponsored by the the North American HD DVD Promotional Group. Toshiba management expressed disappointment over Warner's decision but said that Toshiba would continue its effort to promote the competing format.<ref>{{cite news | first=Richard Waters | last=Waters | coauthors= Paul Taylor , Mariko Sanchanta | title=Sony DVD move deals blow to Microsoft | date=] | publisher= | url =http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/9086260c-bc8a-11dc-bcf9-0000779fd2ac.html | work =Financial Times | pages = | accessdate = 2008-01-06 | language = }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | first= | last= | coauthors= | title=Toshiba Defiant After HD DVD Setback | date=] | publisher= | url =http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5iA0y8iwFYWXZBt84MP_jrLjyVCsgD8U0JK4O0 | work =Associated Press | pages = | accessdate = 2008-01-06 | language = }}</ref>

Among the second-tier studios, ] Inc., which is owned by a consortium of companies that includes Sony,<ref></ref> has postponed its planned Blu-ray releases.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://bluray.highdefdigest.com/releasedates.html | title = Release Dates for Blu-ray Discs | work = High-Def Digest | accessdate = 2007-12-16}}.</ref> ] has not released any new HD DVD titles since ] ].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.highdefdigest.com/news/show/Weinstein_Co./HD_DVD_Backer_Weinstein_Goes_MIA_Speculation_Mounts/1105 | title = HD DVD Backer Weinstein Goes MIA; Speculation Mounts | work = High-Def Digest |date=2007-10-25 | accessdate = 2007-12-16}}</ref>

At the end of ], 388 titles have been released on Blu-ray in the United States, and 376 titles have been released on HD DVD.<ref>{{ cite web | url = http://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/questex/hom010608/index.php?startpage=8 | work = Home Media Magazine | title = From the DVD Release Report |date=2008-01-06 | accessdate = 2008-01-04 }}</ref> This count excludes 33 Blu-ray titles released by Paramount but discontinued in ].

===European independents===
Talking during an IFA 2007 press conference held with Toshiba, Ken Graffeo - vice president for marketing at Universal Studios Home Entertainment and co-chairman of the HD DVD Promotion Group - said that the HD DVD format now has the support of 75% of European independent film studios.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.tech.co.uk/home-entertainment/video/dvd-hdd-players-and-receivers/blu-ray-and-hd-dvd/news/hd-dvd-movies-outsell-blu-ray-by-7-to-1?articleid=880721756 | title = HD DVD chairman disses PlayStation 3 effect | author = Rob Mead |date=2007-09-02 | accessdate = 2007-11-11}}</ref> These include 2 Entertain Video, Ascot Elite, Concorde Video, DeA Planeta, DVD International, EMS, Filmax, Galileo, Highlight, Imagion, Monolith Films, Moviemax, Nixbu, Optimum, ], Pinnacle Vision, SHV, SPI and ].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.hdtvuk.tv/2007/04/european_indepe.html | title = European independents choosing HD DVD over Blu-ray | accessdate = 2007-11-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://xploitedcinema.com/catalog/hd-dvds-c-35.html | title = xploitedcinema.com HD DVD catalogue | accessdate = 2007-11-17}}</ref>

European independent films account for a 30% share of the market in the UK, 35-40% in Spain, 40% in Germany and 50% in France.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/5ab0e0e2-e636-11db-9fcf-000b5df10621.html?nclick_check=1 | work = Financial Times | title = Toshiba takes European lead over Sony in HD | first = Maija | last = Palmer |date=2007-04-09 | accessdate = 2007-11-28}}</ref>

===Japan===
As of ] in Japan, 240 Blu-ray titles have been released while HD DVD has 192.<ref></ref>

===Adult studio support===
As of October 2007, adult film studios had not yet played an influential role in the format war, collectively releasing fewer than 20 titles in either format. ], originally a Blu-ray supporter, had released at least five titles on HD DVD.<ref>{{cite news | first=Phillip | last=Swann | coauthors= | title=Island Fever 4 to Burn On HD DVD | date=] | publisher= | url =http://www.tvpredictions.com/island101607.htm | work =VPredictions.com | pages = | accessdate = 2007-11-07 | language = }}</ref> Sony dismissed the claims saying there is no prohibition against adult content. The ], which handles all licensing for Blu-ray technology, said in a statement that the group is "an open organization that welcomes the participation of all companies interested in using and supporting the format, including those that represent the full spectrum of genres in the content industry." <ref>{{cite news | first=Antone | last=Gonsalves | coauthors= | title=Sony Denies Preventing Adult Content On Blu-Ray |date=2007-01-23 | publisher= | url =http://www.informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=196903070 | work =informationweek.com | pages = | accessdate = 2007-11-09 | language = }}</ref>

==Hardware support==
:''See ] and ]''

==Market research==
According to a survey published by The Diffusion Group on ],], one third of households that do not currently own a high-definition TV are interested in purchasing one over the next six months. Of those from the same households that are also likely to purchase a high-definition media player, 43% prefer HD DVD, 27% prefer Blu-ray and 30% are undecided. <ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.marketwire.com/mw/release.do?id=801433 | title = TDG's Latest Research Suggests HD DVD May Benefit From Pull of Mainstream HDTV Buyers | work = The Diffusion Group |date=2007-12-10 | accessdate = 2007-12-10}}</ref>

According to research by DisplaySearch and NPD Group, Blu-ray players could fall in price to $200-$250 by ] 2008, and HD DVD players to far less than $100.<ref>{{ cite web | url = http://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/questex/hom121607/index.php?startpage=24 | work = Home Media Magazine | title = DVD Big Competitor to HD | first = Chris | last = Tribbey |date=2007-12-16 | accessdate = 2007-12-18 }}</ref>

According to a study by Forrester Research, 22% of Americans say they will not buy a next-gen player until one format wins over the other, and 25% say they'll never buy a next-gen player. <ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/features/film/e3i3b664324ba4ea5c03e0924ea906b3ecd | title = Prediction: Blu-ray blows away HD DVD | work = Hollywood Reporter |date=2007-12-21 | accessdate = 2007-12-21}}</ref>

According to a market report by Understanding & Solutions, the manufacturing costs for basic high definition players of both formats should be below $150 by early 2008. <ref>{{ cite web | url = http://press-releases.techwhack.com/15392/hi-def-discs | title = Hi Def discs: format clarity a possibility for 2008 |date=2007-12-20 | accessdate = 2007-12-20 }}</ref>

==Rental company support==
], the largest U.S. movie rental company, offers Blu-ray exclusively in 1450 stores. Previously, the company test-marketed both formats at 250 stores and found that more than 70% of high definition rentals were Blu-ray discs. Blockbuster continues to offer both formats at those initial 250 stores, as well as on its online rental service.<ref name="blockbuster_CNN"> CNN, June 18, 2007. (Web archive)</ref><ref></ref>

], the largest online video rental service, provides both Blu-ray and HD DVD disc rentals at no additional charge<ref></ref>. In September 2007, Netflix released statistics from the months of June through August showing that customers viewed the available Blu-ray disc catalog nearly twice as often as the HD DVD catalog, but were 2.4 times more likely to set HD DVD as their preferred HD format<ref name="NetflixStats">{{cite web|url=http://blog.compete.com/2007/09/28/netflix-bluray-hddvd/|title=Blu-ray and HD DVD statistics from Netflix}}</ref>. Note that only 0.3% of Netflix users viewed ''either'' format during that time-frame.

==Sales promotions==
===Blu-ray===
Since ], ] the ] has offered with the purchase of an eligible Blu-ray player or Playstation 3 console. This mail-in rebate is available to customers in the United States and Canada. (Movie selection is limited. Choose five titles by categories from a total list of 18.)<ref> </ref>

===HD DVD===
From ] ] to ] ], Toshiba and Microsoft have offered with the purchase of any Toshiba HD DVD player, Toshiba HD DVD notebook, or Xbox 360 HD DVD player. (Movie selection is limited. Choose five titles by categories from a total list of 15.) This offer is available to customers in the United States and Canada.

A similar offer is available in western Europe, although details vary from country to country. United Kingdom and Ireland buyers can choose five titles from a total of 13 in three categories.

==Sales data==
===Discs/titles===
====United States====

{| class="wikitable" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em;"
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | US top ten HD titles (aggregate) for<br />the week ending 23rd December 2007<ref></ref>
! colspan="2" | Sales Index
|-
! Blu-Ray || HD DVD
|-
| 1
| '']''
| 56.34
| 43.66
|-
| 2
| '']''
|
| 98.36
|-
| 3
| '']''
| 83.09
|
|-
| 4
| '']''
| 28.04
| 41.62
|-
| 5
| '']''
| 62.81
|
|-
| 6
| '']: Collector's Edition''
| 35.43
| 24.54
|-
| 7
| '']''
| 29.46
| 13.14
|-
| 8
| '']''
| 34.04
|
|-
| 9
| '']''
|
| 32.22
|-
| 10
| '']''
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center"| 27.03
|}

<!-- please don't remove link to image if it's out of date - just comment it out. Thank you. -->
]. Week of ]. Source: Nielsen VideoScan<ref name="hom011308p2"></ref>]]
According to a market research company ], U.S. sales of Blu-ray discs were ahead of HD DVD with 65% of the market for the week ending ]. In 2008 U.S. sales, Blu-ray leads with 65% of the market. Since inception, US market share was 62% for Blu-ray and 38% for HD DVD.<ref>, TheDigitalBits.com</ref><ref name="hom011308p2"></ref> Nielsen also releases normalized sales data (presented in the table to the right). The 2007 sales numbers are in contrast with much of 2006 (before the release of the ]) when HD DVD held an early lead. The sales figures Nielsen tracks, however, do not include all points of sale, such as Wal-mart.{{Fact |date=January 2008}}

Although Blu-ray has sold more discs, the HD DVD group claims that the ] (the number of movies bought per player) is higher for HD DVD than for Blu-ray.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/home-theatre/bluray-versus-hd-dvd/2007/05/26/1179601725599.html |title=Blu-ray versus HD DVD |accessdate=2007-10-25 |author=Kate Bulkley |date=2007-05-28 |work=smh.com.au}}</ref>

====Europe====
In Europe, a study by ] revealed that Blu-ray lead with 70% of units sold with 650,000 units for Blu-ray and 332,000 units for HD DVD.<ref name="cca20070905">{{cite web | url = http://www.current.com.au/2007/09/05/article/QDCYXBFYPL.html | title = HD DVD uses stats to claim victory over Blu-ray | work = current.com.au | first = James | last = Wells |date=2007-09-05 | accessdate = 2007-12-21}}</ref> On ], ], the Blu-ray Disc Association cited independent Media Control GfK International figures showing its share of European disc sales was 73% and that over 1 million Blu-ray movies had been sold.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.reuters.com/article/technologyNews/idUSL2738108420071127 | title = Blu-ray outsells HD-DVD format in Europe | work = Reuters |date=2007-11-27 | accessdate = 2007-12-21}}</ref><ref>{{ cite web | url = http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/home_entertainment/video/e3ifcb14f1723666f3a7ddc4d5fc981d73c | title = Blu-ray movie sales top 1 mil in Europe | work = The Hollywood Reporter | first = Sam | last = Andrews |date=2007-11-28 | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref><ref>{{ cite web | url = http://www.contactmusic.com/news.nsf/article/blu-ray%20is%20high-def%20champ%20in%20europe_1051792 | title = Blu-ray is High-Def Champ in Europe | work = contactmusic.com |date=2007-11-29 | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref>

====Japan====
In Japan, according to ], the sales figure as of October, 2007 is approximately 9:1 in favor of Blu-ray Disc. <ref></ref>

====Australia====
As of December 2007, according to ], more than 102,000 Blu-ray movies have been sold, compared to less than 18,000 HD DVD, giving the ratio of approximately 5:1 in favour of Blu-ray.<ref name="smh20071204">{{ cite web | url = http://www.smh.com.au/news/technology/youre-missing-the-boat/2007/12/04/1196530626138.html | title = HD DVD told: 'you're missing the boat' | work = Sydney Morning Herald | first = Asher | last = Moses |date=2007-12-04 | accessdate = 2007-12-21 }}</ref>

===Players===
====United States====
On ], ], the North American HD DVD Promotional Group said that 750,000 HD DVD players had been sold, including stand-alone players and the Xbox 360 external drive.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.prnewswire.com/cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=/www/story/11-27-2007/0004711631&EDATE= | title = HD DVD Surpasses 750,000 Dedicated Players |date=2007-11-27 | accessdate = 2007-11-27}}</ref><ref>{{ cite web | url = http://www.twice.com/article/CA6505330.html | title = HD DVD Penetration Grows | first = Greg | last = Tarr | work = This Week in Consumer Electronics |date=2007-11-27 | accessdate = 2007-11-27 }}</ref>

As of the end of 2007, Sony has stated that 3.4 million Blu-ray equipped PlayStation 3 consoles have been sold in North America.<ref>{{cite web | title = In the DVD War Over High Definition, Most Buyers Are Sitting It Out | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/31/business/31dvd.html?_r=2&ref=business&oref=slogin&oref=slogin | publisher=] |date=2007-12-30 | accessdate=2007-12-31 | author=Eric A. Taub}}</ref>

====Europe====
In August 2007, a study by ] concluded that HD DVD leads the stand-alone market (i.e. excluding games consoles and computer drives) with 70% with 83,000 players sold.<ref name="cca20070905"/>

As of December 16, 2007, over 2.6 million Playstation 3 consoles, with Blu-ray video playback capabilities, have been sold in Europe.{{Fact |date=January 2007}}

====Australia====
As of December 2007, according to ], 2241 Blu-ray Disc players have been sold (excluding 100,000 PlayStation 3 sold), compared to 609 HD DVD players (excluding 2461 Xbox360's HD DVD add-ons).<ref name="smh20071204"/>

===Retail price of consumer-writable discs===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Disc
! BD-R
! BD-R DL
! HD DVD-R
! HD DVD-R DL
! ] <small>(for comparison)</small>
|-
| Capacity
| 25GB
| 50GB
| 15GB
| 30GB
| 4.7GB
|-
| Bulk-Bought Cost
| $10.99 <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.asp?Item=N82E16817130011 |title=Verbatim 25GB 2X BD-R(Blu-ray) Single Jewel Case Branded Disc - Retail |accessdate=2007-09-17 |publisher=newegg.com}}</ref>
| $23.61 <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.electotronics.com/index.asp?PageAction=VIEWPROD&ProdID=65056 |title=Panasonic 50GB 2x DVD-R Single Jewel Case Branded - Retail |accessdate=2007-09-25}}</ref>
| $9.99 <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16817130016 |title=Verbatim 15GB 1X HD DVD-R Single Jewel Case Branded Disc - Retail|accessdate=2007-09-17 |publisher=newegg.com}}</ref>
| $18.68 <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/B000VAIQVE/ref=nosim/6586846-20 |title=1PK HD DVD-R Dl 1X 30GB Branded Jewel Case |publisher=amazon.com |accessdate=2007-09-17}}</ref>
| $0.47
|-
| Cost Per GB (full disc)
| $0.44
| $0.47
| $0.67
| $0.62
| $0.10
|-
| Disc being compared
| 1 non-rewritable single-layer disc (Verbatim 25GB 2X BD-R)
| 1 non-rewritable dual-layer disc (Panasonic 50GB 2x BD-R)
| 1 non-rewritable single-layer disc (Verbatim 15GB 1X HD DVD-R)
| 1 non-rewritable dual-layer disc (Verbatim 30GB 1X HD DVD-R DL)
| generic pack of discs
|}


==References== ==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{reflist|colwidth=35em}}


{{High definition media}}
==External links==
{{Portal|Blu-ray}}
* The Authoritative FAQ for and by Hugh Bennett
* article by cdfreaks.com

{{HighDefinitionMedia}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:High definition optical disc format comparison}}
]
]
] ]
] ]
] ]
]

]

Latest revision as of 02:38, 18 August 2024

This article is about comparative HD optical disc formats. For a history of the Blu-ray/HD DVD format war, see High-definition optical disc format war.
Comparison of various optical storage media

This article compares the technical specifications of multiple high-definition formats, including HD DVD and Blu-ray Disc; two mutually incompatible, high-definition optical disc formats that, beginning in 2006, attempted to improve upon and eventually replace the DVD standard. The two formats remained in a format war until February 19, 2008, when Toshiba, HD DVD's creator, announced plans to cease development, manufacturing and marketing of HD DVD players and recorders.

Other high-definition optical disc formats were attempted, including the multi-layered red-laser Versatile Multilayer Disc and a Chinese-made format called EVD. Both appear to have been abandoned by their respective developers.

Technical details

Comparison of the high-definition optical media formats
DVD included for comparison
Mandatory codecs must be supported by the player. Each disc must use one or more of the mandatory codecs.
Ultra HD Blu-ray Blu-ray Disc HD DVD CBHD (CH-DVD) AVCHD AVCREC DVD
Laser wavelength 405 nm (blue-violet laser) 405 or 650 nm 650 nm (red laser)
Numerical aperture 0.85 0.65 0.85 or 0.6 0.6
Storage capacity
(single side) 		per layer/maximum 33/100 GB 25(50)/128 GB 15/30 GB 1.4/2.6 GB (8 cm DVD),

4.7/8.5 GB (12 cm DVD), 25/50 GB (12 cm BD)

4.7/8.5 GB
Maximum
bitrate 		Raw data transfer 144 Mbit/s 53.95 Mbit/s 36.55 Mbit/s Un­known 11.08 Mbit/s
Audio+Video+Subtitles 48.0 Mbit/s 30.24 Mbit/s 27 Mbit/s 10.08 Mbit/s
Video 128 Mbit/s 40.0 Mbit/s 29.4 Mbit/s Un­known 9.8 Mbit/s
Mandatory video codecs H.265/MPEG-H Part 2 H.264/MPEG-4 AVC / VC-1 / MPEG-2 China's AVS / H.264/MPEG-4 AVC / VC-1 / MPEG-2 H.264/MPEG-4 AVC H.264/MPEG-4 AVC
MPEG-2 		MPEG-1 / MPEG-2
Audio codecs
(maximum data rates shown) 		lossy Dolby Digital TBD Mandatory
640 kbit/s 		Mandatory
504 kbit/s 		Mandatory
64-640 kbit/s 		Mandatory
448 kbit/s
DTS TBD Mandatory
1.5 Mbit/s 		Un­known — Optional
1.5 Mbit/s
Dolby Digital Plus TBD Optional
1.7 Mbit/s 		Mandatory
3.0 Mbit/s 		— —
DTS-HD High Resolution TBD Optional
6.0 Mbit/s 		Optional
3.0 Mbit/s 		Un­known — —
lossless Linear PCM TBD Mandatory Optional — Mandatory
Dolby TrueHD TBD Optional
18 Mbit/s 		Mandatory
18 Mbit/s 		— —
DTS-HD Master Audio TBD Optional
24.5 Mbit/s 		Optional
18 Mbit/s 		Un­known — —
Secondary video decoder (PiP) TBD Mandatory for Bonus View players Mandatory Un­known Un­known —
Secondary audio decoder TBD Mandatory for Bonus View players Mandatory Un­known Un­known Optional
Interactivity TBD BDMV and Blu-ray Disc Java Standard Content and Advanced Content CETC Rudimentary
Internet support TBD Mandatory for BD-Live players Mandatory Un­known —
Video resolution
(maximum) 		4K UHD 3840×2160 1920×1080p 720×480 (NTSC)
720×576 (PAL)
Frame rates at maximum resolution HFR 60p 24/25/30p, 50/60i 24/25/30p, 50/60i 24/25/30p, 50/60i Un­known 24/25/30p 50/60i
Dynamic range video HDR10 / HDR10+ / SL-HDR2 / Dolby Vision SDR SDR SDR SDR SDR SDR
Color space Rec. 2020 Rec. 709 / Rec. 601 Rec. 709 / Rec. 601 Unknown Rec. 709 / Rec. 601 Rec. 709 / Rec. 601 Rec. 601
Digital rights management AACS-128bit / BD+ / ROM-Mark AACS-128bit AACS-128bit / DKAA None (Not intended for prerecorded content) CSS 40-bit
Region codes None Three region codes None Un­known None 8 regions (6 commercial)
Hardcoating of disc TBD Mandatory Optional

a These maximum storage capacities apply to currently released media as of January 2012. First two layers of Blu-ray have a 25 GB capacity, but the triple layer disc adds a further 50 GB making 100 GB total. The fourth layer adds a further 28 GB.
b All HD DVD players are required to decode the two primary channels (left and right) of any Dolby TrueHD track; however, every Toshiba made stand-alone HD DVD player released thus far decodes 5.1 channels of TrueHD.
c On November 1, 2007 Secondary video and audio decoder became mandatory for new Blu-ray Disc players when the Bonus View requirement came into effect. However, players introduced to the market before this date can continue to be sold without Bonus View.
d There are some differences in the implementation of Dolby Digital Plus (DD+) on the two formats. On Blu-ray Disc, DD+ can only be used to extend a primary Dolby Digital (DD) 5.1 audiotrack. In this method 640 kbit/s is allocated to the primary DD 5.1 audiotrack (which is independently playable on players that do not support DD+), and up to 1 Mbit/s is allocated for the DD+ extension. The DD+ extension is used to replace the rear channels of the DD track with higher fidelity versions, along with adding additional channels for 6.1/7.1 audiotracks. On HD DVD, DD+ is used to encode all channels (up to 7.1), and no legacy DD track is required since all HD DVD players are required to decode DD+.
e On PAL DVDs, 24 frame per second content is stored as 50 interlaced frames per second and gets replayed 4% faster. This process can be reversed to retrieve the original 24 frame per second content. On NTSC DVDs, 24 frame per second content is stored as 60 interlaced frames per second using a process called 3:2 pulldown, which if done properly can also be reversed.
f As of July 2008, about 66.7% of Blu-ray discs are region free and 33.3% use region codes.
g DVD supports any valid MPEG-2 refresh rate as long as it is packaged with metadata converting it to 576i50 or 480i60, This metadata takes the form of REPEAT_FIRST_FIELD instructions embedded in the MPEG-2 stream itself, and is a part of the MPEG-2 standard. HD DVD is the only high-def disc format that can decode 1080p25 while Blu-ray and HD DVD can both decode 1080p24 and 1080p30. 1080p25 content can only be presented on Blu-ray as 1080i50.
h Linear PCM is the only lossless audio codec that is mandatory for both HD DVD and Blu-ray disc players, only HD DVD players are required to decode two lossless sound formats and those are Linear PCM and Dolby TrueHD. Dolby TrueHD and DTS-HD Master Audio have become sound format of choice for many studios on their Blu-ray titles but ever since Blu-ray won the format war, it has not become clear if they are now Mandatory for all new Blu-ray disc players since the end of the format war.

Capacity/codecs

Blu-ray Disc has a higher maximum disc capacity than HD DVD (50 GB vs. 30 GB for a double layered disc). In September 2007 the DVD Forum approved a preliminary specification for the triple-layer 51 GB HD DVD (ROM only) disc though Toshiba never stated whether it was compatible with existing HD DVD players. In September 2006 TDK announced a prototype Blu-ray Disc with a capacity of 200GB. TDK was also the first to develop a Blu-ray prototype with a capacity of 100GB in May 2005. In October 2007 Hitachi developed a Blu-ray prototype with a capacity of 100GB. Hitachi has stated that current Blu-ray drives would only require a few firmware updates in order to play the disc.

The first 50 GB dual-layer Blu-ray Disc release was the movie Click, which was released on October 10, 2006. As of July 2008, over 95% of Blu-ray movies/games are published on 50 GB dual layer discs with the remainder on 25 GB discs. 85% of HD DVD movies are published on 30 GB dual layer discs, with the remainder on 15 GB discs.

The choice of video compression technology (codec) complicates any comparison of the formats. Blu-ray Disc and HD DVD both support the same three video compression standards: MPEG-2, VC-1 and AVC, each of which exhibits different bitrate/noise-ratio curves, visual impairments/artifacts, and encoder maturity. Initial Blu-ray Disc titles often used MPEG-2 video, which requires the highest average bitrate and thus the most space, to match the picture quality of the other two video codecs. As of July 2008 over 70% of Blu-ray Disc titles have been authored with the newer compression standards: AVC and VC-1. HD DVD titles have used VC-1 and AVC almost exclusively since the format's introduction. Warner Bros., which used to release movies in both formats prior to June 1, 2007, often used the same encode (with VC-1 codec) for both Blu-ray Disc and HD DVD, with identical results. In contrast, Paramount used different encodings: initially MPEG-2 for early Blu-ray Disc releases, VC-1 for early HD DVD releases, and eventually AVC for both formats.

Whilst the two formats support similar audio codecs, their usage varies. Most titles released on the Blu-ray format include Dolby Digital tracks for each language in the region, a DTS-HD Master Audio track for all 20th Century Fox and Sony Pictures and many upcoming Universal titles, Dolby TrueHD for Disney and Sony Pictures and some Paramount and Warner titles, and for many Blu-ray titles a Linear PCM track for the primary language. On the other hand, most titles released on the HD DVD format include Dolby Digital Plus tracks for each language in the region, and some also include a Dolby TrueHD track for the primary language.

Interactivity

Both Blu-ray Disc and HD DVD have two main options for interactivity (on-screen menus, bonus features, etc.).

HD DVD's Standard Content is a minor change from standard DVD's subpicture technology, while Blu-ray's BDMV is completely new. This makes transitioning from standard DVD to Standard Content HD DVD relatively simple —for example, Apple's DVD Studio Pro has supported authoring Standard Content since version 4.0.3. For more advanced interactivity Blu-ray disc supports BD-J while HD DVD supports Advanced Content.

Disc construction

Blu-ray Discs contain their data relatively close to the surface (less than 0.1 mm) which combined with the smaller spot size presents a problem when the surface is scratched as data would be destroyed. To overcome this, TDK, Sony, and Panasonic each have developed a proprietary scratch resistant surface coating. TDK trademarked theirs as Durabis, which has withstood direct abrasion by steel wool and marring with markers in tests.

HD DVD uses traditional material and has the same scratch and surface characteristics of a regular DVD. The data is at the same depth (0.6 mm) as DVD as to minimize damage from scratching. As with DVD the construction of the HD DVD allows for a second side of either HD DVD or DVD.

A study performed by Home Media Magazine (August 5, 2007) concluded that HD DVDs and Blu-ray discs are essentially equal in production cost. Quotes from several disc manufacturers for 25,000 units of HD DVDs and Blu-rays revealed a price differential of only 5-10 cents. (Lowest price: 90 cents versus 100 cents. Highest price: $1.45 versus $1.50.) Another study performed by Wesley Tech (February 9, 2007) arrived at a similar conclusion. Quotes for 10,000 discs show that a 15 gigabyte HD DVD costs $11,500 total, and 25 gigabyte Blu-ray or a 30 gigabyte HD DVD costs $13,000 total. For larger quantities of 100,000 units, the 30 gigabyte HD DVD was more expensive than the 25 gigabyte Blu-ray ($1.55 versus $1.49).

While there is a HD-DVD variant that acts as a successor for the DVD-RAM, the HD DVD-RAM, a "BD-RAM" has never been released. Although the BD-RE has unrestricted random writing access capabilities, its rewrite cycle count of around 1000 times is much lower than the potential 100,000 rewrite cycles of some DVD-RAM variants.

Hybrid discs

This section is missing information about behaviour of optical drives that support both HD-DVD and BluRay.. Please expand the section to include this information. Further details may exist on the talk page. (June 2020)

At the Consumer Electronics Show, on 4 January 2007, Warner Bros. introduced a hybrid technology, Total HD, which would reportedly support both formats on a single disc. The new discs were to overlay the Blu-ray and HD DVD layers, placing them respectively 0.1 millimetres (100 μm) and 0.5 millimetres (500 μm) beneath the surface. The Blu-ray top layer would act as a two-way mirror, reflecting just enough light for a Blu-ray reader to read and an HD DVD player to ignore.

Later that year, however, in September 2007, Warner President Ron Sanders said that the technology was on hold due to Warner being the only company who would publish on it.

One year after the original announcement, on 4 January 2008, Warner Bros. stated that it would support the Blu-ray format exclusively beginning on 1 June 2008, which, along with the demise of HD DVD the following month, ended development of hybrid discs permanently.

Copy protection

The primary copy protection system used on both formats is the Advanced Access Content System (AACS). Other copy protection systems include:

Blu-ray Disc HD DVD
  • HDCP encrypted digital output
  • ROM-Mark watermarking technology (physical layer)
  • BD dynamic crypto (BD+)
  • Cinavia Digital Mark
  • HDCP encrypted digital output

Region coding

Main article: Blu-ray Disc - Region codes

The Blu-ray specification and all currently available players support region coding. As of July 2008 about 66.7% of Blu-ray Disc titles are region-free and 33.3% use region codes.

The HD DVD specification had no region coding, so a HD DVD from anywhere in the world will work in any player. The DVD Forum's steering committee discussed a request from Disney to add it, but many of the 20 companies on the committee actively opposed it.

Some film titles that were exclusive to Blu-ray in the United States such as Sony's xXx, Fox's Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer and The Prestige, were released on HD DVD in other countries due to different distribution agreements; for example, The Prestige was released outside the U.S. by once format-neutral studio Warner Bros. Pictures. Since HD DVDs had no region coding, there are no restrictions playing foreign-bought HD DVDs in an HD DVD player.

References

  1. "Toshiba Announces Discontinuation of HD DVD Businesses". Toshiba Press Department. 2008-02-19. Retrieved 2008-02-19.
  2. Roger Dressler; Craig Eggers. "Dolby Audio Coding for Future Entertainment Formats" (PDF). Dolby Laboratories Inc. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-08-21. Retrieved 2009-09-08.
  3. "White paper Blu-ray Disc Format March - 2.B Audio Visual Application Format Specifications for BD-ROM - 2005" (PDF). Retrieved 2019-12-31.
  4. "HD DVD Promotion Group".
  5. "DVD Forum.org HD DVD Technology" (PDF).
  6. ^ "Blu-ray Disc Statistics". Retrieved 2008-07-04.
  7. "TDK Develops Blu-ray Media with 200GB Capacity".
  8. "Develops 2X, 100GB Blu-ray Disc Prototype".
  9. "Hitachi Develops BD-100".
  10. Blu-ray stats
  11. Frequently updated list of historical release dates and disc capacities, HD DVD NEWS, High-Def Digest, 15 April 2007
  12. HD DVD Statistics Archived 2007-10-14 at the Wayback Machine, HDDVDstats.com, 15 January 2008
  13. T. Ricker (19 January 2007). "Durabis durability". Engadget.
  14. "Indies wait for HD - Page 1 - lists bulk prices for blank discs".
  15. "Blu-ray vs HD DVD replication costs analyzed again - Lists 10,000-quantity prices for blank discs". 10 February 2007.
  16. "Blu-ray replication vs HD DVD replication costs revealed - Lists 100,000-quantity prices for blank discs". 9 February 2007.
  17. "BD-RE information page by optical media vendor". Verbatim.
  18. Shilov, Anton (2007-01-04). "Warner's Total HD to End Blu-ray Vs. HD DVD War". X-bit labs. Archived from the original on 2007-01-07. Retrieved 2007-01-04.
  19. Tarr, Greg (2007-09-12). "Warner Remains Loyal To Dual HD Formats". TWICE. Archived from the original on 2007-10-12. Retrieved 2008-04-25.
  20. "Microsoft: why HD DVD can beat Blu-ray". 2007-04-03. Retrieved 2007-11-13.
  21. Sarah McBride (2007-10-18). "Blu-ray vs. HD DVD: a Solution Abroad". Wall Street Journal online. Retrieved 2007-11-15.
High-definition media
Media formats
Promoter
Interactivity
Recordable formats
Comparison
Copy prevention
Blu-ray players
Ultra HD Blu-ray players
HD DVD players
Categories: