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{{Short description|KGB officer who defected to the US (1922–2007)}}
'''Nikolai Evgenievich Khoklov''' (]-]) was a ] officer who defected to the ] in ]. He testified about the KGB terrorist activities.
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{expand Russian|date=November 2021|topic=bio}}
{{Infobox person
|image = Nikolai Khokhlov 1954.jpg
|caption =Khokhlov at U.S. Senate Internal Security Subcommittee in 1954
|birth_date = 7 June 1922
|birth_place = ], Russia
|death_date = 17 September 2007 (aged 85)
|death_place = ], U.S.
|occupation = ] spy
}}


'''Nikolai Yevgenievich Khokhlov''' (]: Николай Евгеньевич Хохлов; 7 June 1922 – 17 September 2007) was a ] officer who defected to the ] in 1954. He testified about KGB activities. The KGB unsuccessfully tried to kill him with poison in 1957.
⚫ ==Military career==

⚫ Nikolai Khohlov was a member of a successful military unit that fought behind the enemy lines during ]. He was disguised as a Nazi officer, after parachuting into German-occupied ]. He played a part in assassination of Wilhelm Kube, a Nazi ]. After the war, Khokhlov became a prototype of the main character in famous Soviet movie "Feat of a Scout" ("Подвиг разведчика") made in 1947.
==Family background==
]
Nikolai Khoklov was born in 1922, in ]. Khokhlov's parents divorced when he was very young. He was not well-acquainted with his father, who later served as a ] in the ]. During the ], the elder Khokhlov was transferred to a ] because he had made unfavourable remarks about ]. Khokhlov's father died in the battalion.

His stepfather, a lawyer, volunteered to defend ] in 1941 and died in action almost immediately. As Khokhlov later put it, "The army needed cannon fodder".<ref>Andrew Nagorski (2007) ''The Greatest Battle''. Simon and Schuster. pp. 198–199. {{ISBN|9781416545736}}</ref>

⚫ ==NKVD career==
In October 1941, Khokhlov, then 19 years old, was a member of an ] quartet who were trained to commit a spectacular attack against ] officers during their victory celebration in the occupied ]. The mastermind behind the plan was ], a senior NKVD official. The four young agents would have played a vaudeville group on the celebration. Khokhlov was chosen for his role on his whistling abilities. During the training, he had his first great romance with fellow agent, singer ]. After the German retreat from the outskirts of Moscow, the deadly show was cancelled.<ref>Andrew Nagorski (2007) ''The Greatest Battle''. Simon and Schuster. pp. 196–198. {{ISBN|9781416545736}}</ref>

⚫ Nikolai Khokhlov was a member of a successful military unit that fought behind the enemy lines during ]. He was disguised as a Nazi officer after parachuting into German-occupied ]. He played a part in the assassination of ], the Nazi ] of ]. After the war, Khokhlov became the prototype for the main character in a 1947 Soviet film, ] ("Подвиг разведчика").


==Assassination mission== ==Assassination mission==
He was sent by ] to supervise two other men whose task was to kill George Okolovich, a chairman of ]. He decided not to follow the order and discussed the situation with his wife, Yana. She said: "If this man is killed, you will be a murderer. I cannot be the wife of a murderer" . Khokhlov came to Okolovich's flat in ] and told him: "Georgi Sergeevich, I have come to you from Moscow. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union has ordered your assassination. The murder is entrusted to my group... I can’t let this murder happen. " <ref name="Andrew"> *] and ], ''The ]: The KGB in Europe and the West'', Gardners Books (2000), ISBN 0-14-028487-7 </ref>. His wife was arrested and sentenced to five years of ] in the Soviet Union, in retaliation. In 1954, Khokhlov was sent by the ] to ] to supervise two men whose task was to kill Georgiy Okolovich, a chairman of the ]. He discussed the situation with his wife, Yana, who said, "If this man is killed, you will be a murderer. I cannot be the wife of a murderer" and decided not to follow the order.<ref>. ''Times Online''. 1 December 2006.</ref> Khokhlov went to Okolovich's flat and told him: "Georgiy Sergeyevich, I have come to you from Moscow. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union has ordered your assassination. The murder is entrusted to my group... I can’t let this murder happen."<ref name="Andrew">*] and ] (2000) ''The ]: The KGB in Europe and the West'', Gardners Books. {{ISBN|0-14-028487-7}}</ref> Khokhlov defected to the United States following his failure to carry out the assassination order. In retaliation, his wife in the Soviet Union was arrested and sentenced to five years of ].


==Poisoning by thallium== ==Poisoning by thallium==
Khokhlov was treated for ] in Frankfurt in 1957,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://2004.novayagazeta.ru/nomer/2004/46n/n46n-s10.shtml |title=Meeting with past (Russian) |access-date=19 November 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060727120235/http://2004.novayagazeta.ru/nomer/2004/46n/n46n-s10.shtml |archive-date=27 July 2006 |url-status=dead }}</ref> as a result of a failed assassination attempt by the ] of the ].<ref name="Andrew"/> This case is often claimed to be the first ] by the ], especially when comparison with the ]<ref name="dissident">] and Marina Litvinenko (2007) '']'', The Free Press. {{ISBN|1-4165-5165-4}}</ref><ref>Boris Volodarsky (2009) ''The KGB's Poison Factory: From Lenin to Litvinenko ''. London/Barnsley : Frontline Books. pp. 166–81; {{ISBN|978-1-84832542-5}}. </ref> is drawn, although it remains unclear what isotope was used, if any.<ref name=hps>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hps.org/publicinformation/ate/q6833.html |title=Category: Radiation Basics |access-date=3 April 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071019100238/https://hps.org/publicinformation/ate/q6833.html |archive-date=19 October 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Former KGB officer Stanislav Lekarev claimed, however, that Khokhlov was poisoned by radioactive polonium (not thallium), exactly as Litvinenko was.<ref>{{YouTube|zruZjhvJ0VQ|Who Killed Litvinenko? – Russia}}</ref> Litvinenko's poisoning was also initially mistaken for thallium.

He had been treated for ] poisoning in Frankfurt in ] <ref> </ref>. That was a failed assassination attempt by Thirteenth ] Department <ref name="Andrew"/>. This case is often described as the first ] by the ], especially when comparison with ]<ref name="dissident"> ] and Marina Litvinenko. '']'', The Free Press (2007) ISBN 1-416-55165-4 </ref> needs to be drawn, although it remains unclear what isotope if any has been used<ref name=hps></ref>.


==Life in the United States== ==Life in the United States==
]
From 1968 to 1992, Dr. Khoklov taught undergraduate and graduate psychology classes at ], retiring as an emeritus professor in 1993. He later made e-mail contact with, then eventually met, a son in Russia that he was not aware of. His other son, Misha, died several years ago due to kidney failure. Nikolai Khokhlov lived in San Bernardino, California, until his death in September 2007.
After graduating with a PhD from ], Khokhlov taught undergraduate and graduate psychology classes at ] from 1968 to 1992. He retired as a professor emeritus in 1993.


In the United States, Khokhlov married again. With his second wife Tanya, he had two daughters and a son, Misha, who died several years later due to a kidney failure.<ref>Volchek, Dmitri (4 June 2009) . svoboda.org</ref>
==Notes==
<references/>
⚫ * Obituary


In 1992, Russian President ] pardoned Khokhlov. The same year he returned to Moscow for a short stay, for the first time since the 1950s.<ref>. belousenko.com</ref> He later made an e-mail contact with, then eventually met, his son in Russia of whom he had not been previously aware.
== Books ==
⚫ Nikolai Evgenievich Khokhlov. ''In the name of conscience ''. Translated by Emily Kingsbery. New York : David McKay, 1959.


Nikolai Khokhlov died of a heart attack in San Bernardino, California, in September 2007. He was buried next to the grave of his son.
== Further Reading ==
⚫ *


==See also==
==Interviews (Russian) ==
⚫ * ]
⚫ *]]
* ]
*] with ]]
*]]


==Links== ==References==
{{reflist|30em}}
⚫ *. By Katya Drozdova, ]
⚫ * by Ros Wynne Jones
⚫ * by Vadim Birstein


==See also== ==Books==
⚫ *Nikolai Evgenievich Khokhlov. ''In the name of conscience ''. Translated by Emily Kingsbery. New York : David McKay, 1959.
⚫ *]
*Boris Volodarsky. ''Nikolai Khokhlov ("Whistler"), Self-Esteem with a Halo ''. Vienna-London : Borwall Verlag, 2005.


==External links==
{{Commons category|Nikolai Khokhlov}}
⚫ *
⚫ *. By Katya Drozdova, ]
⚫ *
⚫ * by Ros Wynne Jones
⚫ * by Vadim Birstein
⚫ * to ]


{{Authority control}}
⚫ ]
⚫ ]
]
⚫ ]
⚫ ]


{{DEFAULTSORT:Khokhlov, Nikolai}}
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Latest revision as of 01:59, 27 September 2024

KGB officer who defected to the US (1922–2007)

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Nikolai Khokhlov
Khokhlov at U.S. Senate Internal Security Subcommittee in 1954
Born7 June 1922
Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
Died17 September 2007 (aged 85)
San Bernardino, California, U.S.
OccupationKGB spy

Nikolai Yevgenievich Khokhlov (Cyrillic: Николай Евгеньевич Хохлов; 7 June 1922 – 17 September 2007) was a KGB officer who defected to the United States in 1954. He testified about KGB activities. The KGB unsuccessfully tried to kill him with poison in 1957.

Family background

Khokhlov in 1954, holding photos of his first wife and son

Nikolai Khoklov was born in 1922, in Nizhny Novgorod. Khokhlov's parents divorced when he was very young. He was not well-acquainted with his father, who later served as a commissar in the Red Army. During the Battle for Moscow, the elder Khokhlov was transferred to a penal battalion because he had made unfavourable remarks about Joseph Stalin. Khokhlov's father died in the battalion.

His stepfather, a lawyer, volunteered to defend Moscow in 1941 and died in action almost immediately. As Khokhlov later put it, "The army needed cannon fodder".

NKVD career

In October 1941, Khokhlov, then 19 years old, was a member of an NKVD quartet who were trained to commit a spectacular attack against Nazi officers during their victory celebration in the occupied Moscow. The mastermind behind the plan was Mikhail Maklyarskiy, a senior NKVD official. The four young agents would have played a vaudeville group on the celebration. Khokhlov was chosen for his role on his whistling abilities. During the training, he had his first great romance with fellow agent, singer Tasya Ignatova. After the German retreat from the outskirts of Moscow, the deadly show was cancelled.

Nikolai Khokhlov was a member of a successful military unit that fought behind the enemy lines during World War II. He was disguised as a Nazi officer after parachuting into German-occupied Belarus. He played a part in the assassination of Wilhelm Kube, the Nazi Gauleiter of Belarus. After the war, Khokhlov became the prototype for the main character in a 1947 Soviet film, Feat of a Scout ("Подвиг разведчика").

Assassination mission

In 1954, Khokhlov was sent by the KGB to Frankfurt to supervise two men whose task was to kill Georgiy Okolovich, a chairman of the National Alliance of Russian Solidarists. He discussed the situation with his wife, Yana, who said, "If this man is killed, you will be a murderer. I cannot be the wife of a murderer" and decided not to follow the order. Khokhlov went to Okolovich's flat and told him: "Georgiy Sergeyevich, I have come to you from Moscow. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union has ordered your assassination. The murder is entrusted to my group... I can’t let this murder happen." Khokhlov defected to the United States following his failure to carry out the assassination order. In retaliation, his wife in the Soviet Union was arrested and sentenced to five years of involuntary settlement.

Poisoning by thallium

Khokhlov was treated for thallium poisoning in Frankfurt in 1957, as a result of a failed assassination attempt by the Thirteenth Department of the KGB. This case is often claimed to be the first radiological attack by the KGB, especially when comparison with the poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko is drawn, although it remains unclear what isotope was used, if any. Former KGB officer Stanislav Lekarev claimed, however, that Khokhlov was poisoned by radioactive polonium (not thallium), exactly as Litvinenko was. Litvinenko's poisoning was also initially mistaken for thallium.

Life in the United States

Khokhlov carrying out psychology research at California University in 1975

After graduating with a PhD from Duke University, Khokhlov taught undergraduate and graduate psychology classes at California State University, San Bernardino from 1968 to 1992. He retired as a professor emeritus in 1993.

In the United States, Khokhlov married again. With his second wife Tanya, he had two daughters and a son, Misha, who died several years later due to a kidney failure.

In 1992, Russian President Boris Yeltsin pardoned Khokhlov. The same year he returned to Moscow for a short stay, for the first time since the 1950s. He later made an e-mail contact with, then eventually met, his son in Russia of whom he had not been previously aware.

Nikolai Khokhlov died of a heart attack in San Bernardino, California, in September 2007. He was buried next to the grave of his son.

See also

References

  1. Andrew Nagorski (2007) The Greatest Battle. Simon and Schuster. pp. 198–199. ISBN 9781416545736
  2. Andrew Nagorski (2007) The Greatest Battle. Simon and Schuster. pp. 196–198. ISBN 9781416545736
  3. The spy poisoned by the KGB – but who lived to tell the tale. Times Online. 1 December 2006.
  4. ^ *Christopher Andrew and Vasili Mitrokhin (2000) The Mitrokhin Archive: The KGB in Europe and the West, Gardners Books. ISBN 0-14-028487-7
  5. "Meeting with past (Russian)". Archived from the original on 27 July 2006. Retrieved 19 November 2006.
  6. Alex Goldfarb and Marina Litvinenko (2007) of a Dissident: The Poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko and the Return of the KGB, The Free Press. ISBN 1-4165-5165-4
  7. Boris Volodarsky (2009) The KGB's Poison Factory: From Lenin to Litvinenko . London/Barnsley : Frontline Books. pp. 166–81; ISBN 978-1-84832542-5. (English)
  8. "Category: Radiation Basics". Archived from the original on 19 October 2007. Retrieved 3 April 2008.
  9. Who Killed Litvinenko? – Russia on YouTube
  10. Volchek, Dmitri (4 June 2009) ость радиожурнала Поверх барьеров – историк спецслужб Борис Володарский. svoboda.org
  11. Николай Евгеньевич ХОХЛОВ. belousenko.com

Books

  • Nikolai Evgenievich Khokhlov. In the name of conscience . Translated by Emily Kingsbery. New York : David McKay, 1959. In the name of conscience (Russian)
  • Boris Volodarsky. Nikolai Khokhlov ("Whistler"), Self-Esteem with a Halo . Vienna-London : Borwall Verlag, 2005. (English)

External links

Categories: