Shia view of the Sahabah: Difference between revisions

Browse history interactively ← Previous editContent deleted Content addedVisual WikitextInline

Revision as of 01:44, 27 August 2005 editRedwolf24 (talk \| contribs)11,598 edits moving...← Previous edit		Latest revision as of 16:56, 9 March 2019 edit undoXqbot (talk \| contribs)Bots, Template editors2,326,752 editsm Bot: Fixing double redirect to Companions of the Prophet Tag: Redirect target changed
(372 intermediate revisions by more than 100 users not shown)
Line 1:		Line 1:
			#REDIRECT ]
	For other views of Sahaba and a short description, see ].

	== Introduction ==

	=== Ahl al-Bayt ===

	While ] accept the testimony of all ] as a authenticated part of the chain of narrators in a hadith, without scrutinizing them, Shia do that only for the ]. This is due to that Shia believes them to be thoroughly cleansed from all sin, as described in ].

	=== Sahaba ===

	Regarding the other parts of chain of narration, all people are up for scrutinize. There is no distinction made between a ] and a ] or anyone else regarding trustworthiness, everyone have the same demand to prove or disprove their trustworthiness.

	Therefor, Shia look at each Sahaba as an individual, preferring some above others.

	While Sunni rank the ] according to when they embraced Islam, Shia rank them according to what they did during their life. In fact, a ] who engaged in open warfare against the Ahl al-Bayt have their trustworthiness reduced to near nothing in the Shia view. Furthermore, Shia assume as self-evident that a sahabi that is ] is going to hell.

	Hadith where ] is claimed to have in one or the other way absolved all sahaba from sin or elevated the trustworthiness of all Sahaba is usually transmitted through people that in the shia view have in one or the other way opposed the Ahl al-Bayt and are therefor seen as unauthentic by Shias.

	=== Merit for seeing Muhammad ===

	Shia acknowledge no merit per see for having seen Muhammad or being his wife, except that it gives you the potential of using Muhammad's wisdom. In other words, it is up to the individual to decide how much they are going to benefit from Muhammad. Therefore, Shias have different views on each Sahabi, depending on what they accomplished. In the Shia view, some of them lived a life earning ], supporting their argument from the Quranic verses regarding prophets wives:

	''Allah sets forth '''an example''' to those who disbelieve: the wife of ] and the wife of ]: they were both under two of '''Our righteous servants''', but they acted '''treacherously towards them''' so they availed them naught against Allah, and it was said: '''Enter both the fire''' with those who enter.

	Shias also supporting their view of the Sahaba from this verses addressed to Muhammad's wives:

	''O wives of the prophet! whoever of you commits an '''open indecency''', the '''punishment shall be increased to her doubly'''; and this IS easy to Allah.

	''And whoever of you is obedient to Allah and His Apostle and '''does good''', We will give to her her '''reward doubly''', and We have prepared for her an honorable sustenance.

	In other words, Shia view a sahaba that "commits an open indecency" as twice as blameworthy, since the sahabi had the greatest roll model, and should have been inspired by him. Meaning that the sahabi had all the potential in the world to abstain from sin.

	At the same time, a sahaba that "is obedient to Allah and His Apostle and does good" is considered twice as admirable, since the sahabi accomplished so much more due to Muhammad's direct guidance and since he aided Muhammad and his Ahl ul-Bayt.

	A further verse that is used is:

	''And from among those who are round about you of the dwellers of the desert there are '''hypocrites''', and from among the people of '''Medina (also)'''; they are '''stubborn in hypocrisy'''; you do not know them; We know them; '''We will chastise them twice''' then shall they be turned back to a grievous chastisement

	=== Detailed list ===

	There is no standardized guideline of status according to the Shia school of thought, a Shia consensus can not established regarding a ''detailed'' list based on rank.

	However there is a general consensus on the approximate rank of each Sahaba, in the same way that most people would think very badly of ] and ] and very well of ] and ].

	It would be impossible to establish a list showing the approximate view of each Sahaba for all the people in the world, since most people have very different frames of preference. However, it is much easier to do so if the targeted group have a similar frame of preference.

	Most Shias have the same frame of preference regarding the relevant issues, since most disagreements between the Shias sects start after ]'s era. This, and all sects being minority to the ], explains why almost all Shia have a very similar frame of preference regarding the Sahaba, making this list relevant and accurate in the field of ] rather then ].

	Shias can in general be expected to have a certain view on each Sahaba after having understood what relevant actions (in the Shia point of view) the specific Sahaba have accomplished during his or her life.

	This is in contrast to ]s. ]ian and ]n have in general different views on, for example, ], one more favorable and the other more dim, however, both are within the Sunni view that states that all Sahaba go to heaven.

	=== This list ===

	The list of Sahaba includes events that are relevant (in the Shia point of view) for establishing a view, ranked accordingly to their general perceived status.

	The ] are not included in this list, since the list revolves around them.

	----

	== The list ==

	=== strongly positive status ===
	''This can be defined as sahaba that Shia believes to have '''in action aided''' the Ahl ul-Bayt and are expected to go to the '''higher levels of heaven''', although God knows best. 17 included so far

	'''''Famous sahaba''''':


	''']''' ''Ali's brother.

	''']''' ''Zainab bint Alis husband.

	''']''' ''(insert text)

	''']''' '' was the first Muslim to be killed in battle. He was a cousin of Muhammad and Ali, and he was the first Martyr of the battle of Badr.

	''']''' ''is in contrast to Sunnis considered Muslim by Shias, arguing that which would be forbidden if he where an unbeliever.

	''']''' ''was Muhammads mother and Muslim, although she was died before Muhammads call.

	''']''' ''was Alis mother and like a mother to Muhammad.

	''']''' ''gave Muhammad the idea to dig ], is said that he was elevated in merited to the same level as the Ahl ul-Bayt. He did not give allegiance to Abu Bakr, until Ali supposedly did so.

	''']''' ''stopped singing the ] after Muhammad of Ali's right being usurped. Was highly praised by Imam ] as a lover of ].

	''']''' ''is called by Muhammed as "the most truthful man between heaven and earth", loudly opposed Uthmans caliphat, was exiled to death by Uthman.

	''']''' ''was a staunch follower of Ali. Did not give allegiance to Abu Bakr, until Ali supposedly did so. Accompanied Ali when he demanded his inheritance from Umar and sought very badly of Umar and Abu Bakr. Strongly argued against Umars prohibition of temporary marriage. Convinced 20'000 of 24'000 the Khawarij . Cried at the age of 70 when recalling Umar calling Muhammad "Delirius".

	''']''' ''was Ali's general when he came close to killing Muaviya, then became his governor, has long and beautiful letter addressed to him in ] in which Ali gives guidance in how to uphold a government. That letter was as a advice to arabs.

	''']''' ''was killed by Muawiyas army in the ] when he was 90 years old, as predicted by Muhammad.

	''']''' ''had his body desecrated in the ] by ]

	''']''' ''was Abu Bakr's son and a great companion of Ali. He was choosen to govern Egypt, killed and tortured by ]. He was against Uthmans rule.

	''']''' ''was taken to Yazids palace after the ].

	''']''' ''was taken to Yazids palace after the ].

	''']''' ''was a great roll model in life.

	'''''Less famous sahaba''''':

	''']''' ''was the first governor of Makkah.

	----

	=== positive status ===
	''This can be defined as sahaba that Shia believes to have '''in words aided''' the Ahl ul-Bayt and are expected to go to the '''heaven''', although God knows best. 28 included so far

	'''''Famous sahaba''''':

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	''']''' ''was Abu Bakr's wife. When Abu Bakr died, she married Ali.

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	''']''' ''reiterated the hadith of thaqalyan in Sahi Muslim.

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	'''''Less famous sahaba''''':

	''']''' ''was the freed slave of Muahmamd and the father of Usama.

	''']''' ''was made commander over Umar, Abu Bakr and Uthman at the age of 18 a few days before Muhammad's demise. When Umar and others protested regarding his young age, Muhammad silenced the protests.

	''']''' ''retold the ] as he heard from ].

	''']''' ''accepted Islam, and Umar who had not accepted Islam by that time would beat her mercilessly until he was tired. He would then say, "I have only stopped beating you, because I am tired." She would say. "May God treat you in the same way".

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	''']''' ''was killed by ] before his wife was raped and killed.

	'''] ''' ''was Malik ibn Nuwayras widow that got raped and killed by ]

	'''] ''' ''was one of the meritorious women.

	----

	=== neutral status ===
	''This can be defined as sahaba that Shia believes to have '''held a neutral position''' to Ahl ul-Bayt, or later on '''changed their position'''. No general expected view regardin their aftelife. 9 included so far

	'''''Famous sahaba''''':

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	''']''' ''aided Ali in the ] and refused to give allegiance to Abu Bakr, gave again allegiance when Ali was selected as Caliph, then broke that allegiance and went to war with him in the ], and ultimately left that battle to be killed by people in Ali's army, against Ali's wishes.''

	''']''' ''turned his father against Ali, argued with ibn Abbas for the legitimacy of the ban against temporary marriage, fought Yazid for the Caliphat.

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	''']''' ''did not give oath of allegiance to Yazid

	'''''Less famous sahaba''''':

	''']''' ''demanded that Ali was to follow the Quran, the way of Muhammad and also the way of Umar and Abu Bakr in order to be the third Caliph. Ali refused, Uthman became Caliph.

	''']''' ''was Abu Bakr wife

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	''']''' ''(insert motivation)

	----

	=== negative status ===
	''This can be defined as sahaba that Shia believes to have '''in words opposed''' the Ahl ul-Bayt and are expected to '''initialy go to hell''', althought God knows best. 7 included so far

	'''''Famous sahaba''''':

	''']''' ''was famous for his disillusionment towards Ali

	''']''' ''contradicted his father regarding temporary marriage and also other of his misunderstandings, did not give oath of allegiance to Ali, disliked Ali, gave his oath of allegiance to Muawiya and from him. He gave his oath to Yazid and demanded that no one that had done the same may oppose Yazid.

	''']''' ''was severely beaten by Umar ibn al-Khattab on several occasions, once when he was fired as governor while being accused of theft. Umar also called him a liar and forbade him to narrate ahadith from Muhammad. Later he strated to work for Muawiya as a irreligious serial fabricator of false hadith.

	''']''' ''for he was Muhammads arch enemy and Muawiyas step father.

	'''''Less famous sahaba''''':

	''']''' ''was assigned as guvernor by Uthman.

	''']''' ''father of ], the man that killed ]

	----

	=== strongly negative status ===
	''This can be defined as sahaba that Shia believes to have '''in action opposed''' the Ahl ul-Bayt and are expected to go to the '''deepest levels of hell''', althought God knows best. 8 included so far

	'''''Famous sahaba''''':

	''']''' ''aided ] during the ] and on his order poisoned ].

	''']''' ''was ] wife and Muawiyas mother. She desecrated the body of ] in the battle of Uhud.

	''']''' ''with Umars help he usurped Ali's caliphate and Fatima Zaharas inheritance and the land of Fadak, gifted to her by Muhammad after having violated Muahmmads order by leaving Usama's dispatchment. He made ] his general and protected Khalids atrocities from Umars wrath.

	''']''' ''Regarded as an unholy and ignorant usurper and illegitimate leader; see ] for partial further details of the ] (and the sharply contrasting ]).

	''']''' ''Established a hereditary system of government, gave enormous amount of money to the Umayyed, doubled the morning prayer, gave Muawiya power, continued with Umar's bid'ah, sent ] to ] and then sent him to exile where he died, returned ] from Muhammads exile.

	''']''' '' during Muhammad's life. After Muhammad's departure, he and Umar on Abu Bakrs order broke in to Ali's house, giving Fatima a deadly injury, and dragged Ali to Abu Bakr. Khalid mercilessly butchered a whole tribe of devout Muslims. Afterwords and then killed one of the widows, ]. After that it became a routine for the Muslim rulers and commanders to kill, loot and plunder the Muslim communities for worldly gains. Labeled a ] muslim.

	''']''' ''opposed Alis caliphat, broke his agreement with Hasan, poisoned Hasan, established the 80 year long practice of cursing Ali and lastly but not least: Allowed Yazid to come into power. labled a ] muslim.

	''']''' '' ].

	'''''Less famous sahaba''''':

	== to be ranked ==

	This Sahaba have not been ranked accordinly to the Shia view. You can help Misplaced Pages by doing that.

	The list is divided in parts to make it easier to overview

	=== part 1 ===
	*Zayd ibn Harithah
	*Uthman ibn Maz'un
	*Mus'ab ibn 'Umayr
	*Ja'far ibn Abi Talib
	*Ruqayya bint muhammad
	*Umm Kulthum bint muhammad
	*Fatima bint al-Khattab
	*Sumayya bint Khubbat
	*Asma bint 'Umays
	*Umm Ayman
	*]
	*]
	*] ibn 'Asim ibn Sa'id ibn Qurrah ibn Khaladah ibn Tha'labah Abu 'Abd ar-Rahman al-Mazani
	*Muzaynah
	*]
	*]
	*Khabbab ,
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*Ammar
	*Sumaiyya
	*Yasir
	*Suhaib
	*]
	*], Ikrimah’s wife
	*] was Uthman's wife
	*] ibn Abi Mayyath - divorced wife of ]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]

	=== part 2 ===

	] aka Abu Bakrah (is by the way among the Fuqaha and Ahl al-Fatwa of the Companions in whose time extremely few of whom* )
	*] ibn Kalada al-Thaqafi (Abu Bakrah's half-brother)
	*], Muhammads aunt.
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*] ()
	*] the gravedigger that was with Umar and Abu Bakr the shed of Banu Sa'ad
	*]
	*]
	*]


	Ibn Mandah's book "Those of the Companions Who Lived 120 years.":

	They are fourteen:

	*1. ] (d. 54, Madina)
	*2. `Asim ibn `Adi al-Badri
	*3. Huwaytib ibn `Abd al-`Uzza
	*4. Sa`d ibn Iyas al-Shaybani
	*5. Makhrama ibn Nawfal
	*6. Sa`id ibn Yarbu`
	*7. Sa`d ibn Junada al-`Awfi al-Ansari
	*8. HASSAN IBN THABIT, the poet of the Prophet and the one supported by the Holy Spirit.
	*9. Abu `Umara `Abd Khayr ibn Yazid
	*10. Hamnan ibn `Awf
	*11. al-Muntaji`al-Najdi
	*12. Nafi` Abu Sulayman al-`Abdi
	*13. al-Lajlaj
	*14. Abu Shaddad al-`Umani

	=== Part 3 ===

	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*], the son of Bilals former master.
	*] al-Jumahi
	*]
	*] Al Jumahi (se link in ])
	*], father of ammar.
	*], mother of ammar.
	*] master of ammar.
	*], Umars brother
	*] the freed slave of Abu Hudhaifah Ibn `Utbah
	*]
	*] Ibn Amr, Abu Hudhaifah ibn Utbah'a wife
	]

	=== part 4 ===

	*]
	*]
	*] (who based on authentic Sunni sources the Prophet ordered the companions to trust him in the matter of Quran as one of the three trustee persons in this regard. See Sahih al-Bukhari, English, vol. 6, Tradition #521)
	*], Hamzas wife.
	*] killed Hamza
	*] died in the the battle of Uhud
	*] defended Muhamamd in the battle of Uhud
	*] killed by muslims in the battle of Uhud
	*] defended Muhamamd in the battle of Uhud
	*] Hafsas husband.
	*]
	*].
	*] was sent with a letter to ].
	*]
	*] - the third one in ].

	{{listdev}}

	== See also ==

	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]

	== External links ==
	*http://freepages.family.rootsweb.com/~naqobatulasyrof/prophet/news_prophet_04.html

Latest revision as of 16:56, 9 March 2019

Redirect to:

Companions of the Prophet