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{{Short description|International Catholic youth event}} | |||
{{Cleanup|date=July 2008}}{{future}} | |||
{{Use British English|date=August 2010}} | |||
{{Infobox World Youth Day | | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}} | |||
title = XXIII World Youth Day 2008 | | |||
{{Infobox event | |||
imagefile = Wyd08logo.gif| | |||
| title = World Youth Day 2008 | |||
location = ], ] | | |||
| image = WYD-2008.JPG | |||
date = ]–] ] | | |||
| image_size = | |||
theme = "You will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes upon you; and you will be my witnesses" (] 1:8) | |||
| caption = | |||
}} | |||
| date = {{start date|2008|07|15|df=y}}-<br />{{end date|2008|07|20|df=y}} | |||
'''World Youth Day 2008''' is a ] youth festival that will be held from ] to ] in ], ]. The 23rd of the ] celebrations, it will be attended by ]. The occasion will mark only the fourth Papal visit to the country, being proposed by the former Prime Minister of Australia ] and the ], Cardinal ]. | |||
| time = | |||
<ref></ref> | |||
| type = Youth festival | |||
| theme = ''You will receive the power when the Holy Spirit comes upon you'' (]) | |||
| venue = | |||
| place = ],<br />{{flag|New South Wales}},<br />{{AUS}} | |||
| coordinates = {{coord|33|54|39|S|151|13|49|E|region:AU-NSW_type:event|display=inline}} | |||
| organisers = ] | |||
| participants = ] | |||
| website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} --> | |||
| blank_label = Previous | |||
|blank_data= ] | |||
| blank1_label = Next | |||
| blank1_data = ] | |||
}} | |||
'''World Youth Day 2008''' was a Catholic youth festival that started on 15 July and continued until 20 July 2008 in Sydney, Australia. It was the first ] held in Australia and the first World Youth Day in Oceania. This meeting was decided by ], during the ]. The theme was "''You will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes upon you''" (from ]). | |||
==Schedule of Events== | |||
The festivities of WYD began on July 1, 2007, when a large 3.8 metre-high wooden Cross and a large 15 kilogram ] of the ] arrived in Sydney, Australia to travel around the country. The ]-style event, known as the Journey of the Cross and Icon (or JCI for short) saw the cross and icon go on a pilgrimage around the ]s of Australia, engaging with a variety of Catholic parishes and communities. | |||
About 500,000 young people from 200 countries attended during the week, and more than 1,000,000 came for the weekend. They were joined by about 600 bishops and ], as well as by 6,600 reporters. | |||
The WYD Cross was entrusted to the youth of the world by ] in 1984 as a sign of peace and hope. The Pope told the young people of the world to take it around the world as "a symbol of Christ's love for humanity". In 2004, Pope John Paul II commissioned the large icon of the Virgin Mary to accompany the Cross's pilgrimage. It is a symbol intended to represent Mary's maternal love for young people. From the announcement of the host World Youth Day, the Cross and Icon travel ceremonially around the world similar to the ] Relay. | |||
==Schedule of events== | |||
In the week preceding the main event, many young Catholic pilgrims will have spent time in different parts of Australia and New Zealand, staying with a local parish as part of the ''Days in the Dioceses''. After their stay, they will then travel to Sydney for the Opening ] of the week-long main event. | |||
The festivals of WYD began on 1 July 2007, when a large 3.8-meter-high wooden cross and a large 15-kilogram ] of the ] arrived in Sydney to travel around the country.<ref></ref> The relay-style event, known as the Journey of the Cross and Icon (or JCI for short) saw the cross and icon go on a pilgrimage around the ]s of Australia, engaging with a variety of Catholic parishes and communities.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www2.ceosyd.catholic.edu.au/cms/Jahia/site/reonline/pid/2646 |title=Arrival of the Cross and Icon signal countdown to Australia's World Youth Day |access-date=17 November 2011 |archive-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111120024712/http://www2.ceosyd.catholic.edu.au/cms/Jahia/site/reonline/pid/2646 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | |||
The WYD Cross was entrusted to the youth of the world by ] in 1984 as a sign of peace and hope.<ref></ref> The Pope told the young people of the world to take it around the world as "a symbol of Christ's love for humanity". In 2004, Pope John Paul II commissioned the large icon of the Virgin Mary to accompany the cross' pilgrimage. It is a symbol intended to represent Mary's maternal love for young people. From the announcement of the host World Youth Day, the cross and icon travel ceremonially around the world similar to the ]. | |||
On Tuesday ], World Catholic Day 2008 will begin with the Opening Mass, celebrated by ], the Archbishop of Sydney, at East Darling Harbour. This will be followed by a concert.<ref>http://www.wyd2008.org/index.php/en/wyd08_events</ref> | |||
In the week preceding the main event, many young Catholic pilgrims spent time in different parts of Australia and New Zealand {{Citation needed|date=August 2008}}, staying with a local parish as part of the Days in the Dioceses program. After their stay, they travelled to Sydney for the Opening ] of the week-long main event. | |||
Each morning from Tuesday 15 to Thursday 17 July, ] will be held in approximately 300 locations. This is where pilgrims will receive teachings from a Bishop, and will also celebrate ]. In the afternoons, pilgrims will then journey into the city and attend the '''Youth Festival''' which will consist of a series of art exhibitions, concerts, seminars, conferences, etc. | |||
] | |||
On Thursday ], Sydney and hundreds of thousands of young Catholics from around the world will be present to welcome ]. The Pope will actually arrive on Monday ], however will only appear in public for the first time on this day. The event involves the Pope travelling around ] in a "]" where pilgrims line the shores to see him.<ref></ref> | |||
The Pope arrived at Sydney on 13 July at ] in North Western Sydney on a special ] flight. Until 17 July he stayed in the ] centre, called ], 30 km from Sydney.<ref></ref> | |||
On 15 July, World Youth Day 2008 began with the Opening Mass celebrated by Cardinal ], the Archbishop of Sydney, at ]. This was followed by a concert.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.wyd2008.org/index.php/en/wyd08_events |title = WYD08 Events |access-date = 18 July 2008 |archive-date = 9 March 2016 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160309204726/http://wyd2008.org/index.php/en/wyd08_events |url-status = dead }}</ref> | |||
On Friday 18 July, there will be a live re-enactment of the ] at major city landmarks. On Saturday 19 July, pilgrims will embark on a 10-kilometre pilgrimage walk, beginning at the ] in ], over the ] and across the city to attend an overnight Vigil before the Mass at ]. | |||
Each morning from 15 to 17 July, ] were held in approximately 300 locations. Pilgrims received teachings from a bishop and also celebrated Mass. In the afternoons, pilgrims journeyed into the city and attend the Youth Festival consisting of a series of art exhibitions, concerts, seminars and conferences. | |||
Up to 300,000 pilgrims will sleep overnight at Randwick, before an estimated 500,000 participants are expected to attend the Final Mass celebrated by Pope Benedict XVI on Sunday 20 July.<ref></ref> Pope Benedict will continue a tradition of Australian papal Masses at Randwick Racecourse, following in the footsteps of Popes ] and ]. | |||
On 17 July 2008, 500,000<ref>cf. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303193341/http://wyd2008.org/index.php/en/media__1/latest_news/500_million_people_globally_watch_the_stations_of_the_cross_pope_s_busy_meeting_schedule_continues |date=3 March 2016 }}: ''After 500,000 people turned out to welcome him to Sydney yesterday''</ref> attendees from around the world were present at Barangaroo to welcome Pope Benedict XVI on a day dubbed '''Super Thursday''' by the press.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thewest.com.au/default.aspx?MenuID=2&ContentID=85297|title=Pope arrives to kick off Super Thursday|date=17 July 2008|access-date=18 July 2008|publisher=The West Australian|archive-date=9 March 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090309172255/http://www.thewest.com.au/default.aspx?MenuID=2&ContentID=85297|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Pope actually arrived on 14 July, but only appeared in public for the first time on the 17th. The event involved the Pope travelling around ] in a "boatacade" where pilgrims lined the shores to see him. However, there were many disappointed spectators in places like the Botanic Gardens and Circular Quay who did not actually see the Pope because of where he was sitting on the boat. The ] and Gondwana Voices performed at the event. The Pope then spoke extensively to the pilgrims and greeted them in five foreign languages. In order to let the pilgrims see him better the Pope was driven around Barangaroo through the crowds in his Popemobile.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://wyd2008.org/index.php/en/media__1/latest_news/vatican_officials_confirm_pope_benedict_will_visit_mary_mackillop_shrine |title=WYD2008 Confirms Papal visit to MacKillop Shrine |access-date=28 May 2008 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304134212/http://wyd2008.org/index.php/en/media__1/latest_news/vatican_officials_confirm_pope_benedict_will_visit_mary_mackillop_shrine |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref></ref> | |||
It has been reported that the Pope will use the occasion of the visit to express shame and regret for the many cases of sexual abuse of children involving the Catholic Church in Australia<ref></ref> | |||
{{rquote|left|Dear young people, let me now ask you a question... How are you using the gifts you have been given, the "power" which the Holy Spirit is even now prepared to release within you? What legacy will you leave to young people yet to come? What difference will you make?<ref></ref>|]}} | |||
===Multimedia=== | |||
On 18 July, there was a live re-enactment of the ] at major city landmarks with an estimated 270,000 participants. Around 500 million people around the world followed the stations on television.<ref>cf. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303193341/http://wyd2008.org/index.php/en/media__1/latest_news/500_million_people_globally_watch_the_stations_of_the_cross_pope_s_busy_meeting_schedule_continues |date=3 March 2016 }}</ref> | |||
On 19 July, around 235,000 pilgrims embarked on a 10-kilometre pilgrimage walk, beginning at the ] in North Sydney, over the ] and across the city to attend an overnight vigil before the Mass at ].<ref>, Zenit.org from 19 July 2008.</ref> | |||
WYD 2008 will be the first World Youth Day to take full advantage of telecommunications, with Pope Benedict sending daily text messages to the pilgrims and the launch of a new registration social networking site,<ref>http://www.xt3.com/ xt3</ref> <ref>'''' - WYD/ Telstra Press Release</ref> and will aim to connect young Catholics before, during and after World Youth Day 2008.<ref>. ''NEWS.com.au''. Retrieved on ], ].</ref> | |||
Approximately 250,000 pilgrims slept overnight at Randwick, and about 300,000 to 400,000 participants attended the Final Mass celebrated by Pope Benedict XVI on Sunday 20 July.<ref></ref> | |||
===Food=== | |||
Pope Benedict continued a tradition of Australian Papal Masses at Randwick Racecourse, following in the footsteps of John Paul II and Paul VI. At the conclusion of the final mass the Pope announced that the 2011 World Youth Day would be held in ], Spain.<ref></ref> | |||
Pilgrims heading to Sydney for World Youth Day will get a taste of Down Under courtesy of a traditional Aussie menu. Over the six-day event, 3.5 million meals will be served. To cater for the masses, 210,000 slices of bread, 425,000 chocolate bars, 200,000 meat pies and 300,000 servings of Weet-Bix Crunch have been ordered. "We want to provide pilgrims with a good feed and a little bit of an Australian taste," WYD director of services Geoff Morris said. "We have tried to do that by including some of our more iconic items such as ], ] Crunch, ], ] and good old ]," Mr Morris said. Organisers have also planned a "Big Aussie BBQ", which will see 200 barbecues lit up simultaneously across Sydney.<ref>. ''NEWS.com.au''. Retrieved on ], ].</ref> | |||
=== |
===Web 2.0=== | ||
WYD 2008 was the first World Youth Day to take full advantage of telecommunications, with Pope Benedict sending text messages to the pilgrims during the week. Each pilgrim who registered for WYD had the option of providing a mobile phone number to which the Pontiff's message would be sent at the beginning of each day. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
Pilgrims and the public will be able to to buy papal mementos such as special WYD rosary beads, Pope Benedict XVI baseball caps and rugby jerseys. Catholic church leader Cardinal George Pell said the Church was not looking to make a profit and that there was "''nothing immoral with a little commercialism''". "''Our way of life is built on commercialism, on trade, on industry, on finance and people have got a right to make a living out of doing a good thing, which is spreading Christ's message in a modern way,''" he said. <ref>. ''NEWS.com.au''. Retrieved on ], ].</ref> | |||
|+ '''TEXT MESSAGES FROM POPE BENEDICT XVI TO WYD2008 PILGRIMS'''<ref></ref> | |||
! Date !! Papal Message | |||
|- | |||
| TUE | |||
15 July | |||
| Young friend, God and his people expect much from you because you have within you the Fathers supreme gift: the Spirit of Jesus –BXVI | |||
|- | |||
| WED | |||
16 July | |||
| The Holy Spirit gave the Apostles and gives you the power boldly to proclaim that Christ is risen! –BXVI | |||
|- | |||
| THU | |||
17 July | |||
| The Holy Spirit is the principal agent of salvation history: let him write your life history 2! –BXVI | |||
|- | |||
| FRI | |||
18 July | |||
| The spirit impels us 4ward 2wards others; the fire of his love makes us missionaries of God's charity. See you tomorrow nite –BXVI | |||
|- | |||
| SAT | |||
19 July | |||
| Dear friend, you must be holy & you must be missionary: never separate holiness from mission –BXVI | |||
|} | |||
It also saw the launch of a new registration ] site called xt3.com, with the aim to connect young Catholics before, during and after World Youth Day 2008.<ref>'' {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080809062334/https://www.nowwearetalking.com.au/news/world-youth-day-2008-embracing-telecommunications |date=9 August 2008 }}'' – WYD/ Telstra Press Release</ref><ref>. ''NEWS.com.au''. Retrieved on 12 December 2008.</ref> | |||
== Expected Numbers at WYD 2008 == | |||
World Youth Day organisers have steadily though quietly revised the expected number of attendees downwards. In October 2007 the Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, George Pell, claimed that "over half a million" people would attend the final mass at Randwick. The World Youth Day site now claims likely attendance of "up to" half a million. Similarly, the projected number of overseas attendees was 150,000 people in 2006. This has been altered to a projection of "up to 125,000" people from overseas. | |||
However, there are indications that even the revised estimates are unlikely to be met, with 65,000 visas granted (85,000 fewer than original projection; 60,000 fewer than revised projection) as at 12 days before the start of the event. | |||
<ref></ref> | |||
<ref></ref> | |||
<ref> - National Catholic Reporter</ref> | |||
<ref> - ABC News</ref> | |||
<ref></ref> | |||
On 8 September, a final message was sent via SMS to WYD2008 pilgrims registered on Xt3.com,<ref></ref> marking 50 days after the closing Mass:<ref>'''' Retrieved on 31 October 2008.</ref> | |||
==Public and Government Concerns in Sydney== | |||
While the NSW State Government has claimed World Youth Day will have a direct economic benefit in excess of $150 million, there has been widespread concern regarding disruption to traffic and businesses as well as NSW state government public funding of $129 million. Some have called this a "]" for the Catholic Church. <ref> '' - NSW Greens</ref> | |||
The Federal government is providing an extra $55 million in public funding. $35 million straight to the organisers, and $20 million to subsidize the NSW state government funding.<ref>'''' - Sydney Morning Herald</ref> | |||
{{Quote|Dear Friends,<br />Fifty days ago we were together for the celebration of Mass. Today I greet you on the birthday of Mary, Mother of the Church. Empowered by the Spirit and courageous like Mary your pilgrimage of faith fills the Church with life! Soon I am to visit France. I ask you all to join me in praying for the young people of France. May we all be rejuvenated in hope!}} | |||
Sydney residents have expressed disapproval at suggestions of inconvenience of the week of the Pope's visit. "The road changes are complex and would change daily," said the Deputy Premier.<ref>'''' - Sydney Morning Herald</ref> | |||
===Food=== | |||
Use of Randwick Racecourse for this event has been heavily criticised and legally challenged by the racing industry in Sydney. Industry representatives have argued that alternative sites, such as the former Olympic facilities at Homebush Bay, were more suitable venues for World Youth Day. However, the NSW and Federal governments and the event organisers insisted that Randwick Racecourse was the only location suitable for an event of this scale. | |||
Pilgrims were served a traditional Australian menu. Over the six-day event, 3.5 million meals were served. To cater for the masses, 210,000 slices of bread, 425,000 chocolate bars, 200,000 meat pies and 300,000 servings of Weet-Bix Crunch were ordered. "We want to provide pilgrims with a good feed and a little bit of an Australian taste," WYD director of services Geoff Morris said; "We have tried to do that by including some of our more iconic items such as ]s, ] Crunch, ], ] and good old ]". Organisers also held a "Big Aussie BBQ", which saw 200 barbecues lit up simultaneously across Sydney.<ref>{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. ''NEWS.com.au''. Retrieved on 8 June 2008.</ref> | |||
{{rquote|right|There's nothing immoral with a little commercialism. Our way of life is built on commercialism, on trade, on industry, on finance and people have got a right to make a living out of doing a good thing, which is spreading Christ's message in a modern way.|]<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080712204320/http://www.news.com.au/story/0,23599,23974617-5016937,00.html |date=12 July 2008 }}. ''NEWS.com.au''. Retrieved on 5 July 2008.</ref>}} | |||
The World Youth Day committee has initially offered to pay an agreed settlement to the racing industry. However, after some complaints, the ] and the ] stepped in and jointly pledged $40 million in compensation to the racing industry - more than triple the previously agreed upon amount. In exchange, the industry will relocate its operations to the ] and ] racecourses, with infrastructure at these sites and at Randwick to be upgraded as part of the compensation package. In addition, the ]'s lease at Randwick will be extended by 50 years.<ref>{{cite news | title = Racing industry offered payout for Pope | work = ] | date = ], ] | url = http://www.thewest.com.au/aapstory.aspx?StoryName=437040}}</ref><ref></ref> | |||
===Souvenirs=== | |||
===Public Funding Controversy=== | |||
Pilgrims and the public were able to buy 470 different products including papal mementos such as special WYD rosary beads, Pope Benedict XVI baseball caps and rugby jerseys. Sydney's Catholic Archbishop Cardinal George Pell said that the Church was not looking to make a profit. | |||
There has been significant criticism of the 2008 World Youth Day due to a $250 million dollar<ref>http://news.sbs.com.au/worldnewsaustralia/who_should_fund_world_youth_day__550744</ref> funding arrangement from the Commonwealth and New South Wales State Governments. Both these Governments have stated that the revenue generated by World Youth Day will offset these costs. However, Freedom of Information ('FoI') applications for Government revenue estimates have been denied<ref></ref>. Fines for newly legislated offences are among new revenue channels established to offset the state government investment and expenses. SBS television respondents have denounced secular funding for religious projects of such scale. | |||
<ref>http://news.sbs.com.au/worldnewsaustralia/who_should_fund_world_youth_day__550744</ref> | |||
Any remaining merchandise was given to Catholic charities and surplus clothing was sent overseas to developing nations.<ref>Lam, M. 2008. Merchandise Being Bought Religiously. ''The Daily Telegraph'', 20 July 2008, page 11.</ref> | |||
==New Amendment Laws for WYD 2008 in Australia== | |||
{{wide image|border=no|align-cap=center|WYD_2008_Vigil_Stitch.jpg|1500px|Panoramic image of crowd at vigil on 19 July}} | |||
There have been many reports in the Australian media about planned protests during WYD 2008. Primarily these concern the adoption of various amendment laws especially for the ''World Youth Day Amendment Regulation 2008'' to be conducted within hundreds of so-called ''declared areas'' across Sydney. <ref> (NSW Bar Association)</ref> Such areas include over 40 city locations, including popular tourist spots the Sydney Opera House and the Harbour Bridge, as well as at numerous public transport stations and schools. This enacted law gives Police, (and some other authorities not usually assigned enforcement roles, to be granted extraordinary new powers to ensure order during July; before, during and even after WYD 2008. | |||
==Attendance== | |||
People entering or exiting these areas are subject to being searched, including vehicles or baggage, if so requested. An on the spot fine of A$5,500 has been stated to be the maximum penalty for those transgressing these '']'' laws, under the '''WYD Amendment Regulation 2008''', and according to '']'' newspaper, may be subject to either general clothing inspections, partial strip searches, or even ]. <ref> Sydney Morning Herald''</ref> <ref> - NSW State Parliament''</ref> <ref> - The Australian''</ref> The fines are disproportionately high compared with other fines, such as public sexual activity, which carries a fine up to only one-fifth ($1100) that of the new fines.<ref>http://www.canberratimes.com.au/news/local/news/general/world-youth-day-crackdown/801188.aspx</ref> | |||
] wave their country's flag at the 2008 World Youth Day]] | |||
World Youth Day organizers revised the expected number of attendees downwards during the lead-up to the event. In October 2007, the Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, George Pell, claimed that "over half a million" people would attend the final mass at Randwick. The World Youth Day site later claimed likely attendance of "up to" half a million. Similarly, the projected number of overseas attendees was 150,000 people in 2006. This was later altered to a projection of "over 125,000" people from overseas. | |||
65,000 visas were granted as of 12 days before the start of the event.<ref></ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wyd2008.org/index.php/en/about_wyd08 |title=about WYD08 |access-date=30 March 2008 |archive-date=7 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307053946/http://wyd2008.org/index.php/en/about_wyd08 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080829172912/http://ncronline.org/mainpage/specialdocuments/Fishertext.htm |date=29 August 2008 }} – National Catholic Reporter</ref><ref> – ABC News</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wyd2008.org/index.php/en/media__1/latest_news/world_youth_day_2008_confirms_international_pilgrim_numbers |title=world youth day 2008 confirms international pilgrim numbers |access-date=10 April 2008 |archive-date=7 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307182017/http://wyd2008.org/index.php/en/media__1/latest_news/world_youth_day_2008_confirms_international_pilgrim_numbers |url-status=dead }}</ref> | |||
Around 500,000 welcomed the pope to Sydney and 270,000 watched the ]. More than 300,000 pilgrims camped out overnight in preparation for the Final Mass.<ref name=autogenerated1></ref> The final attendance reported by ] was up to 300,000, however World Youth Day's Chief Operating Officer Danny Casey and other media reported over 400,000 attendees.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSSYD22643320080720 | title=FACTBOX: World Youth Day final Mass facts and figures | date=20 July 2008 | work=Reuters}}</ref><ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120131175526/http://www.catholic.org/wyd08/story.php?id=28655 |date=31 January 2012 }}</ref><ref></ref> | |||
These recently adopted law Amendments were ratified by the Parliament of ] and announced by the Deputy Premier, the Hon. ] M.P. on Wednesday, 25 June 2008, and were published in the ''''Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales''''. The Amendments in question are as follows; | |||
== Marjorie's Bird == | |||
], a Tiwi Islands woman who was raised by Catholic nuns on Melville Island painted a white dot bird on a navy background which became the image for the World Youth Day 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Reviews {{!}} 0 {{!}} |first=26 August 2016 {{!}} |title=Marjorie Liddy, RIP {{!}} The Blog of a Country Priest |url=https://www.acountrypriest.com/marjorie-liddy-rip/ |access-date=2022-03-12 |language=en-AU}}</ref> The image is commonly known as ''Marjorie’s Bird'', although Liddy calls it ''The Day The Holy Spirit Visited Marjorie And Her People,'' her people being a reference to all Australians. | |||
'''Clause 7, Part 3, Schedule 1, pg.5819''' | |||
Liddy had never painted before she created this image which was included on the back of the chasubles for the papal Mass.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2008-07-19 |title=Stella Borealis Catholic Roundtable: The Legend of "Marjorie's Bird" |url=https://northlandcatholic.blogspot.com/2008/07/legend-of-marjories-bird.html |access-date=2022-03-12 |website=Stella Borealis Catholic Roundtable}}</ref> Liddy tells the story of being touched by the Holy Spirit after a day of fishing which provided the inspiration for the image.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Spirit of LIfe |first= |title=Marjorie Liddy, Catholic mystic and Tiwi Island elder, is interviewed on Melbourne Community Television's "Spirit of Life." |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JCwvxNihI_M&t=154s}}</ref> | |||
(1) An authorised person may direct a person within any World Youth Day declared area to cease engaging in conduct that: | |||
<blockquote>(a) is a risk to the safety of the person or others, or</blockquote> | |||
<blockquote>(b) causes annoyance or inconvenience to participants in a World Youth Day event, or</blockquote> | |||
<blockquote>(c) obstructs a World Youth Day event.</blockquote> | |||
== Official song == | |||
(2) A person must not, without reasonable excuse, fail to comply with a direction given to the person under subclause (1). Maximum penalty: 50 penalty units. | |||
"]",<ref></ref> an original song written by ] and Gary Pinto, was chosen in May 2007 as the official anthem for World Youth Day 2008. | |||
(3) A person is not guilty of an offence under this clause unless it is established that the authorised person warned the person that a failure to comply with the direction is an offence. | |||
"Receive the Power" was played extensively throughout the six days of World Youth Day and also in the television coverage which went around the world. Sebastian performed at the concert after the Opening Mass which officially welcomed Pope Benedict XVI to Australia. Sebastian and ] also performed both the English and international versions at the Final Mass at Randwick Racecourse on 20 July.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wyd2008.org/index.php/en/media__1/latest_news/news_archives/2008_june_news_archives/aussie_pop_stars_aria_award_winners_and_the_tap_dogs_to_headline_world_youth_day_sydney_2008 |title=Aussie pop stars, ARIA award winners and the Tap Dogs to headline World Youth Day Sydney 2008. Retrieved 1 March 2009 |access-date=4 May 2009 |archive-date=7 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307114811/http://wyd2008.org/index.php/en/media__1/latest_news/news_archives/2008_june_news_archives/aussie_pop_stars_aria_award_winners_and_the_tap_dogs_to_headline_world_youth_day_sydney_2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | |||
(4) In this clause, authorised person means: | |||
An estimated 400,000 people attended the mass.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080811155917/http://www.wyd2008.org/index.php/en/media__1/latest_news/world_youth_day_sydney_a_success_400_000_fill_randwick_racecourse_for_wyd08_final_mass |date=11 August 2008 }}</ref> | |||
<blockquote>(a) a police officer, or</blockquote> | |||
Sebastian and Paulini were invited to perform "Receive The Power" at the Pope's farewell<ref></ref> and thank you to volunteers on 21 July.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112101811/http://www.wyd2008.org/index.php/en/media__1/latest_news/pope_benedict_xvi_thanks_volunteers_and_leaves_australia_happy_and_blessed |date=12 January 2012 }}</ref> | |||
<blockquote>(b) a member of an SES unit (within the meaning of the State Emergency Service Act 1989) or a member of the NSW Rural Fire Service, but only if the member is authorised by the Authority in writing for the purposes of this clause."</blockquote> | |||
==Indulgences== | |||
The authorisation of Rural Fire Service and State Emergency Service has been especially controversial, as such granted enforcement powers normally available only to Police<ref></ref>. The new powers have caused concern to those organisations,<ref></ref> who do not consider enforcement to be their role.<ref></ref>. The powers may also prove unconstitutional<ref></ref> | |||
The Pope announced that pilgrims at World Youth Day 2008 and those from around the world who pray for the "spiritual goals of this meeting and for its happy outcome" would be able to receive ]. In Roman Catholic teaching an indulgence is believed to erase the temporal punishment (time spent in ]) which results from sin. | |||
Two types of indulgences were available: | |||
== The Protest Controversy in Australia == | |||
* plenary (full) indulgence – for attendees | |||
* partial indulgence – for those who pray<ref></ref> | |||
==Controversies around the World Youth Day== | |||
The terms "annoyance" and "inconvenience", used in the wording of the legislation, have been heavily criticised for being disproportionate and too ambiguous. This could allow police and other enforcers to fine citizens with almost any pretext, and perhaps with ulterior motivation. Also subjecting citizens to large fines over expressions that they hadn't interpreted as inconvenient or annoying. There has also been some calling out against the N.S.W. Government for bypassing normal parliamentary scrutiny<ref></ref>, while Greens MP Lee Rhiannon suggested that the powers are "''about shutting down protests and quarantining the Pope and visiting Catholics away from messages that World Youth Day authorities don't approve of.''"<ref></ref> | |||
===Public funding=== | |||
According to the Sydney Morning Herald on 2nd July 2008 <ref>'''' - Sydney Morning herald</ref> a poll of more than 10,600 has found that 90% were against these laws recently imposed by the Government of New South Wales against any so-called 'causing annoyance', 'inconveniencing pilgrims' <ref></ref>, or 'annoying' protests in the 'declared areas.' | |||
Some were concerned regarding the NSW state government's public funding of $129 million and the federal government's funding of $55 million.<ref>'''' – ''Sydney Morning Herald''</ref> Some described it as a "]" for the Catholic Church.<ref> – NSW Greens</ref> | |||
However the Sydney Chamber of Commerce estimated that World Youth Day would generate $230 million of economic activity and the NSW state government claimed that it would have a direct economic benefit over $150 million. In addition to direct benefits the state government said that the coverage of World Youth Day overseas was worth at least $1 billion.<ref name="b: Iemma"></ref> These gains would offset and exceed the government's expenditure on World Youth Day. | |||
Civil Libertarians and some members the N.S.W. Bar Association also consider that these laws may very likely directly violate the international rules made by the ], 18.2 which ; | |||
===Use of Randwick Racecourse=== | |||
<blockquote>"''...bars coercion that would impair the right to have or adopt a religion or belief, including the use of threat of physical force or penal sanctions to compel believers or non-believers to adhere to their religious beliefs and congregations, to recant their religion or belief or to convert.''"<ref>CCPR/C/21/Rev.1/Add.4, General Comment No. 22., 1993</ref><ref></ref></blockquote> | |||
]''' (named specifically for the event) drew 350,000<ref></ref> pilgrims.]] | |||
The use of the ] for the event was criticised and legally challenged by the racing industry in Sydney. {{Citation needed|date=July 2008}} Industry representatives argued that alternative sites, such as the ] at ], were more suitable venues.{{Citation needed|date=July 2008}} However, the NSW and federal governments and the event organisers insisted that Randwick Racecourse was the only location suitable for an event of such scale. {{Citation needed|date=July 2008}} | |||
The World Youth Day committee initially offered to pay an agreed settlement to the racing industry. {{Citation needed|date=July 2008}} However, after some complaints, the federal and the New South Wales state government stepped in and jointly pledged $42 million in compensation to the racing industry<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.news.com.au/heraldsun/story/0,21985,24057380-5016672,00.html | archive-url=https://archive.today/20120906103343/http://www.news.com.au/heraldsun/story/0,21985,24057380-5016672,00.html | url-status=dead | archive-date=6 September 2012 | title=Despite 400,000 pilgrims, Randwick racecourse is intact | first=Rosie | last=Lewis | date=22 July 2008 | work=The Daily Telegraph | location=UK }}</ref> – more than triple the previously agreed upon amount. {{Citation needed|date=July 2008}} In exchange, the industry relocated its operations to the ] and ] racecourses, with infrastructure at these sites and at Randwick to be upgraded as part of the compensation package. In addition, the ]'s lease at Randwick was to be extended by 50 years.<ref>{{cite news | title = Racing industry offered payout for Pope | work = ] | date = 15 November 2007 | url = http://www.thewest.com.au/aapstory.aspx?StoryName=437040 | access-date = 27 April 2008 | archive-date = 3 August 2008 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080803191535/http://www.thewest.com.au/aapstory.aspx?StoryName=437040 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ajc.com.au/mediaandnews/newsarticle.aspx?ID=148 |title=World Youth Day reaches agreement with racing industry |access-date=1 December 2007 |archive-date=21 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080721162422/http://www.ajc.com.au/mediaandnews/newsarticle.aspx?ID=148 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | |||
Views like this also are supported by Catholic priest and lawyer, Frank Brennan, being "''...contrary to Catholic teachings on human rights.''" <ref></ref> | |||
Despite some earlier concerns the final mass left the turf in good condition. The Randwick Project Steering Committee chief Hugh Martin stated that he was "very pleased with the state of the track" and an Australian Jockey Club spokesman noted that the "track seems to have held up well."<ref name=autogenerated1 /> | |||
===Australian Community Response=== | |||
===World Youth Day legislation=== | |||
It has been directly stated by several activists, and defended by various civil libertarian groups, that there will be defiant activist protesting at the main events in Randwick, Sydney on both Saturday 19 July 2008 and Sunday 20 July 2008. <ref></ref><ref></ref> Many of these protests will now not be actually directed against Catholics, or issues of freedom of religion, nor the freedom of holding of the various organised Catholic events in Sydney, <ref></ref> but the right of protesters to express their own views on the grounds of the oppression of freedom of expression<ref></ref> within the Australian ]. <ref>http://www.abc.net.au/lateline/ Lateline 1st July 2008</ref> This same view was expressed by Anna Katzan of the N.S.W. Bar Association, who said on the same Lateline program of the 1st July, 2008; "''...They strike at the heart of our democratic society. They're an affront frankly, to our freedom of speech and movement.''"<ref>http://www.abc.net.au/lateline/content/2008/s2291401.htm Lateline 1st July 2008</ref> <ref>http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/07/01/2291053.htm ABC News (Aust</ref> <ref>http://search.abc.net.au/search/search.cgi?query=T-shirt+annoyance&collection=abcnews&form=news&num_ranks=20</ref> | |||
The ] passed the ''World Youth Day Act 2006'' especially for the event. The regulations made under this act however had been the source of some controversy, mainly in the operation of various provisions of the ''World Youth Day Regulation 2008'' within hundreds of so-called "declared areas" across Sydney.<ref> (NSW Bar Association)</ref> These areas included over 40 city locations, including popular tourist spots the ] and the ], as well as at numerous public transport stations and schools. | |||
The most significant and contentious amendments to the regulations were announced by the Deputy Premier ] on 25 June 2008 and came into effect on 1 July 2008. People entering or exiting declared areas would have been subject to being searched, including vehicles or baggage, if so requested.<ref>{{cite Legislation AU|NSW|repealed_reg|wydr2008290|World Youth Day Regulation 2008|8}} Request to undergo search as condition of entry to World Youth Day declared areas .</ref> According to '']'', this may have included either general clothing inspections, partial strip searches, or even arrest.<ref> ''Sydney Morning Herald''</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080714062029/http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/prod/PARLMENT/nswbills.nsf/0/B9BD72676C89BB3FCA2573A0001D8692?Open&shownotes |date=14 July 2008 }} – NSW State Parliament</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080803163140/http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,23950435-12377,00.html |date=3 August 2008 }} – ''The Australian''</ref> The regulations would have been enforced by police, with the Rural Fire Service and the State Emergency Service having enforcement power over some provisions. These authorisations were especially controversial, as such granted enforcement powers are normally available only to police.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cathnews.com/article.aspx?aeid=7946 |title=Volunteers refuse WYD powers |access-date=9 July 2008 |archive-date=22 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080722082125/http://www.cathnews.com/article.aspx?aeid=7946 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The new powers also caused concern to those organisations,<ref>{{cite web |title=Volunteers spurn Youth Day powers |date=2008-07-03 |website=] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230091437/https://www.theage.com.au/national/volunteers-spurn-youth-day-powers-20080703-319r.html |archive-date=2022-12-30 |url-status=live |url=http://www.theage.com.au/national/volunteers-spurn-youth-day-powers-20080703-319r.html}}</ref> which did not consider enforcement to be their role.<ref></ref> | |||
Director-General Brigadier Philip McNamara (State Emergency Service) and Commissioner Shane Fitzsimmons (Rural Fire Service) will not support the new regulations<ref></ref>. Which have also been described as "repugnant" by President Katzmann (NSW Bar Association),<ref></ref> and "extreme" by President Murphy (NSW Council of Civil Liberties).<ref></ref> | |||
Of the most contentious of the regulations, a maximum fine of A$5,500 was able to be imposed for causing 'annoyance or inconvenience' to WYD participants. This was challenged in the ] on the grounds of violating the implied constitutional freedom of political communication and/or exceeding the regulation making power of the ''World Youth Day Act 2006 (NSW)''. The Full Court agreed with the latter argument, declaring Clause 7(1)(b) regarding the specific prohibition of causing "annoyance to participants in a World Youth Day event" invalid.<ref>{{cite AustLII|FCAFC|130|2008|litigants=Evans v State of New South Wales |courtname=auto |date=18 July 2008}}.</ref> | |||
There have been some positive attempts to placate these laws. Several protesting groups have been directly advised to inform the New South Wales Police of their actions, so they can be sanctioned. It was reported on 2nd July 2008 on the television program ],<ref></ref> that ''Broken Rites'', an Australian activist group against church sexual abuse (advising on the legal rights of victims) had been approached. According to their General Manger, Ms. Chris McIsaacs, they have; "''already received a visit by the N.S.W. Police''". She said they were specifically asked about ; "''... what sort of T-shirts you're gonna wear, are you gonna take placards, all of that kind of thing''", and these "''had to be known in advance so they can be approved''". | |||
===Protest groups=== | |||
Contradicting these statements, ], the Government's WYD 2008 Spokeswoman, said; "''Police are not asking protesters to clear the text of their signs, their banners, their placards, or their T-shirts.''" Danny Casey, the chief operating officer of representing World Youth Day 2008, said that "''...these are normal powers, and that people are free to protest.''" It has also reported that Deputy Police Commissioner, Mr. Dave Owens, said that; "''... officers would act reasonably when deciding what is offensive, including clothing.''" Owens later told ABC Radio "''Police officers do it every day of the week. We're not the fashion police, we're not killjoys''."<ref></ref> | |||
A number of activist groups protested against the Catholic Church on World Youth Day. Various ] and secular groups cooperated to form the NoToPope Coalition for WYD. The coalition rallied against the church's stances on ], abortion and ]. Additionally, groups representing some victims of sexual abuse protested prior to WYD. On Saturday, the day of the pilgrimage walk, approximately 100 protesters positioned themselves on a street corner to chant slogans and wave banners at the over 200,000 pilgrims walking to Randwick. A strong police presence controlled the protesters.<ref name="protest"/> | |||
Protest organisers had planned to use t-shirts with anti-Catholic slogans such as "Religion harms us by privileging faith over reason", "Badly needed community services were robbed to pay the Pope"<ref>, ''Sydney Morning Herald''.</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080802175324/http://web.mac.com/anthonyenglund/Sydney_Atheists/WCYD.html |date=2 August 2008 }} – Sydney Atheists</ref> and "107 Catholic clergy convicted".<ref>{{cite web |url = http://news.sbs.com.au/worldnewsaustralia/child_abuse_victims_protest_outside_nsw_551357 |title = Child abuse victims protest outside NSW – SBS World News Australia |access-date = 18 July 2008 |archive-date = 9 August 2008 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080809222800/http://news.sbs.com.au/worldnewsaustralia/child_abuse_victims_protest_outside_nsw_551357 |url-status = dead }}</ref> | |||
Presently, it remains somewhat unclear about the actual position of protesters and their actual legal obligations in their activities during World Youth Day 2008 in Sydney. | |||
There were very few physical confrontations between the pilgrims and protesters, with some initiated by the protesters throwing condoms at the pilgrims. Police arrested one Australian pilgrim for attacking a protester.<ref>{{dead link|date=April 2019}}</ref><ref name="protest">{{cite news| url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/world-youth-day/protest-turns-ugly-as-condoms-rile-marcher/2008/07/19/1216163229713.html | title=Protest turns ugly as condoms rile marcher | date=20 July 2008 | work=The Sydney Morning Herald}}</ref> A Sydney small business owner alleged that he received an anonymous threat against him and his family for producing "annoying" t-shirts.<ref>{{cite news|url = http://www.smh.com.au/news/worldyouyouthday/faithful-get-annoyed-over-merchandise/2008/07/07/1215282747311.html |title = Faithful get annoyed over merchandise – WorldYouYouthDay – Specials – smh.com.au |access-date =18 July 2008 | date=8 July 2008 | work=The Sydney Morning Herald}}</ref> | |||
===Australian Community Protests=== | |||
===Controversy over comments by Bishop Anthony Fisher=== | |||
This new legislation continues to be heavily criticised by several civil rights and legal groups, who suggest that members of the public may more likely be arrested or fined - especially if they engaging in wearing irreverent or blasphemous t-shirts or handing out condoms. | |||
WYD coordinator Bishop Fisher told journalists the latest controversy was detracting from the massive Catholic youth festival underway in Sydney. "I think most of Australia was enjoying, delighting in the beauty and goodness of these young people... rather than dwelling crankily, as a few people are doing, on old wounds."{{citation required|date=September 2021}} | |||
Anthony and Christine Foster spoke out on the bishop's comments, labelling them "very insensitive". Their daughters Emma and Katherine were raped by priest Kevin O'Donnell leading to Emma's suicide at the age of 26, while her sister Katherine drank heavily before being left disabled when hit by a drunk driver in 1999. Advocates for Survivors of Child Abuse director Michael Salter was outraged by Bishop Fisher's comments, saying, "The Catholic Church has a lot to learn about the burden of clergy abuse on the lives of victims, and those who care for them."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.sbs.com.au/worldnewsaustralia/anger_over_bishop39s_attack_on_cranky_abuse_victims_551961 |title=Anger over bishop's attack on "cranky" abuse victims – SBS World News Australia |access-date=31 August 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080806051331/http://news.sbs.com.au/worldnewsaustralia/anger_over_bishop39s_attack_on_cranky_abuse_victims_551961 |archive-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref> | |||
Other specific protests stated to be planned against World Youth Day have said they will be using anti-Catholic or anti-World Youth Day slogans such as "''Religion harms us by privileging faith over reason''." and "''Let's solve our problems by reasoning together with compassion, not dogma''" and "''Badly needed community services were robbed to pay the Pope''".<ref>'''' - Sydney Morning herald</ref><ref>'' - Sydney Atheists</ref> | |||
Bishop Fisher later said he had been misquoted by media representatives who, according to him, had been the people he had called "cranky" and not the victims.<ref>, ''Wentworth Courier'', 29 July 2009.</ref> | |||
Even an alleged anonymous death threat has been made against protesters. A Sydney small business owner who saw both a commercial and political opportunity by selling shirts printed with the word "annoying". He received death threats against himself and his family, as well as a threat to burn his shop, Bang-On T-shirts in Bondi Junction.<ref>http://www.smh.com.au/news/worldyouyouthday/faithful-get-annoyed-over-merchandise/2008/07/07/1215282747311.html</ref> | |||
===Transport concerns=== | |||
The Pope's visit to Sydney is also shaping up as an ideological clash of rival family planning methods. Anti-Pope demonstrators plan to hand out condoms to Catholic pilgrims in protest against the Vatican's opposition to artificial contraception.<ref>. ''NEWS.com.au''. Retrieved on ], ].</ref> | |||
An additional 4,000 train and 3,400 bus services were commissioned for the event. There were 400 road clearways and 300 road closures.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.news.com.au/heraldsun/story/0,21985,24027447-5016672,00.html | archive-url=https://archive.today/20120917113408/http://www.news.com.au/heraldsun/story/0,21985,24027447-5016672,00.html | url-status=dead | archive-date=17 September 2012 | title=Sydney's rail, bus and ferries cope with extra 185,000 | first=Lauren | last=Williams | date=16 July 2008 | work=The Daily Telegraph | location=UK }}</ref> Threats to strike on 17 July in the heart of the celebrations, made by disgruntled rail workers, were withdrawn following negotiations with the state government.<ref></ref> | |||
Following World Youth Day, the NSW Premier ] gave the transport systems' performance a 10-out-of-10 rating. He stated that special events such as WYD proved that decent public transport was possible and was considering implementing some of the strategies used for the event on an ongoing basis.<ref name="b: Iemma"/> Former Roads and Traffic Authority director Ken Robinson said that the public transport system ran smoothly during World Youth Day due to better coordination between different transport authorities, whilst NSW transport minister John Watkins noted that public transport for the week worked "tremondously well."<ref> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080803102901/http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0,22049,24057379-5016672,00.html |date=3 August 2008 }}</ref><ref></ref> | |||
There has also been more general religious opposition to World Youth Day on the grounds that it is a propoganda rally for the Catholic Church. Local activist groups, including ], ], ] and ] groups under the banner ''NoToPope Coalition'' will be protesting at World Youth Day 2008 by, among other things, handing out information and providing free condoms to attendees <ref></ref>. Other groups have various protests planned. | |||
===Apology, meeting with victims and criticisms=== | |||
] | |||
On 19 July 2008, in ], Pope Benedict XVI made a historic full apology for ] by priests and clergymen in Australia. Before a congregation of 3,400, he called for compensation and demanded punishment for those guilty of the "evil": "Here I would like to pause to acknowledge the shame which we have all felt as a result of the sexual abuse of minors by some clergy and religious in this country. I am deeply sorry for the pain and suffering the victims have endured and I assure them that, as their pastor, I too share in their suffering." The Pope added: "Victims should receive compassion and care, and those responsible for these evils must be brought to justice. These misdeeds, which constitute so grave a betrayal of trust, deserve unequivocal condemnation. I ask all of you to support and assist your bishops, and to work together with them in combating this evil. It is an urgent priority to promote a safer and more wholesome environment, especially for young people." On 21 July, before flying out of Australia Pope Benedict met with a group of four victims of sexual abuse at St. Mary's Cathedral in Sydney, listened to their stories and celebrated mass with them.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,24049778-601,00.html |title=''The Australian'' |access-date=21 July 2008 |archive-date=27 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080727154145/http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0%2C25197%2C24049778-601%2C00.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Broken Rites, the support group representing Australian victims, criticised the meeting as hand-picked: "I'm afraid that what they've done is selected victims who have agreed with what the church's policies are".<ref></ref><ref></ref><ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002012415/http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5gKSHzEnFg_IjhlGLRKN9EoDNf3jg |date=2 October 2012 }}</ref> | |||
Broken Rites said: "Sorry may be a start but we want to see a lot more. We want the victims to be treated fairly, we don't want them to feel that they have been shut out, we don't want them to be re-abused by church authorities." It reported that there were 107 Catholic priests and religious brothers sentenced in Australian courts on sex charges, and that in 2002, Australian bishops had already apologised for past abuses.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090707153812/http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5jtGYmNq72j_-TNnXfLbSdMgiTPMQ |date=7 July 2009 }}</ref><ref></ref> | |||
The then NSW Premier Morris Iemma said he hoped "it would be a sign of righting the wrongs of the past and of a better future and better treatment by the church of the victims and their families."<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120729220022/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/world/view/20080719-149455/Popes-Australia-sex-abuse-apology-not-enough----critics |date=29 July 2012 }}</ref> | |||
==Departure== | |||
The Pontiff departed from ] on 21 July 2008. Before boarding a chartered ] ] at Sydney Airport's Hangar 96, he thanked Prime Minister ], Governor General Major General ], newly appointed Ambassador to the Holy See ], and Cardinal George Pell.<ref></ref> The Pontiff left Australia after the farewell message of thanks by Rudd: "Today I announce that for the first time Australia will have a resident ] in Rome. And today I announce that the Government will be recommending to his Excellency the Governor General the appointment of the former Deputy Prime Minister of Australia the Honourable Tim Fischer as Australia’s first resident Ambassador to the Holy See."<ref></ref> | |||
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Latest revision as of 04:50, 27 September 2024
International Catholic youth event
Date | 15 July 2008 (2008-07-15)- 20 July 2008 (2008-07-20) |
---|---|
Location | Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
Coordinates | 33°54′39″S 151°13′49″E / 33.91083°S 151.23028°E / -33.91083; 151.23028 |
Type | Youth festival |
Theme | You will receive the power when the Holy Spirit comes upon you (Acts 1:8) |
Organised by | Catholic Church |
Participants | Pope Benedict XVI |
Previous | 2005 Cologne |
Next | 2011 Madrid |
World Youth Day 2008 was a Catholic youth festival that started on 15 July and continued until 20 July 2008 in Sydney, Australia. It was the first World Youth Day held in Australia and the first World Youth Day in Oceania. This meeting was decided by Pope Benedict XVI, during the Cologne World Youth Day of 2005. The theme was "You will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes upon you" (from Acts 1:8).
About 500,000 young people from 200 countries attended during the week, and more than 1,000,000 came for the weekend. They were joined by about 600 bishops and cardinals, as well as by 6,600 reporters.
Schedule of events
The festivals of WYD began on 1 July 2007, when a large 3.8-meter-high wooden cross and a large 15-kilogram icon of the Virgin Mary arrived in Sydney to travel around the country. The relay-style event, known as the Journey of the Cross and Icon (or JCI for short) saw the cross and icon go on a pilgrimage around the dioceses of Australia, engaging with a variety of Catholic parishes and communities.
The WYD Cross was entrusted to the youth of the world by Pope John Paul II in 1984 as a sign of peace and hope. The Pope told the young people of the world to take it around the world as "a symbol of Christ's love for humanity". In 2004, Pope John Paul II commissioned the large icon of the Virgin Mary to accompany the cross' pilgrimage. It is a symbol intended to represent Mary's maternal love for young people. From the announcement of the host World Youth Day, the cross and icon travel ceremonially around the world similar to the Olympic torch relay.
In the week preceding the main event, many young Catholic pilgrims spent time in different parts of Australia and New Zealand , staying with a local parish as part of the Days in the Dioceses program. After their stay, they travelled to Sydney for the Opening Mass of the week-long main event.
The Pope arrived at Sydney on 13 July at Richmond Air Force Base in North Western Sydney on a special Alitalia flight. Until 17 July he stayed in the Opus Dei centre, called Kenthurst Study Centre, 30 km from Sydney.
On 15 July, World Youth Day 2008 began with the Opening Mass celebrated by Cardinal George Pell, the Archbishop of Sydney, at Barangaroo. This was followed by a concert.
Each morning from 15 to 17 July, Catechists were held in approximately 300 locations. Pilgrims received teachings from a bishop and also celebrated Mass. In the afternoons, pilgrims journeyed into the city and attend the Youth Festival consisting of a series of art exhibitions, concerts, seminars and conferences.
On 17 July 2008, 500,000 attendees from around the world were present at Barangaroo to welcome Pope Benedict XVI on a day dubbed Super Thursday by the press. The Pope actually arrived on 14 July, but only appeared in public for the first time on the 17th. The event involved the Pope travelling around Port Jackson in a "boatacade" where pilgrims lined the shores to see him. However, there were many disappointed spectators in places like the Botanic Gardens and Circular Quay who did not actually see the Pope because of where he was sitting on the boat. The Sydney Children's Choir and Gondwana Voices performed at the event. The Pope then spoke extensively to the pilgrims and greeted them in five foreign languages. In order to let the pilgrims see him better the Pope was driven around Barangaroo through the crowds in his Popemobile.
Dear young people, let me now ask you a question... How are you using the gifts you have been given, the "power" which the Holy Spirit is even now prepared to release within you? What legacy will you leave to young people yet to come? What difference will you make?
— Pope Benedict XVI
On 18 July, there was a live re-enactment of the Stations of the Cross at major city landmarks with an estimated 270,000 participants. Around 500 million people around the world followed the stations on television.
On 19 July, around 235,000 pilgrims embarked on a 10-kilometre pilgrimage walk, beginning at the Mary MacKillop Chapel in North Sydney, over the Sydney Harbour Bridge and across the city to attend an overnight vigil before the Mass at Randwick Racecourse.
Approximately 250,000 pilgrims slept overnight at Randwick, and about 300,000 to 400,000 participants attended the Final Mass celebrated by Pope Benedict XVI on Sunday 20 July.
Pope Benedict continued a tradition of Australian Papal Masses at Randwick Racecourse, following in the footsteps of John Paul II and Paul VI. At the conclusion of the final mass the Pope announced that the 2011 World Youth Day would be held in Madrid, Spain.
Web 2.0
WYD 2008 was the first World Youth Day to take full advantage of telecommunications, with Pope Benedict sending text messages to the pilgrims during the week. Each pilgrim who registered for WYD had the option of providing a mobile phone number to which the Pontiff's message would be sent at the beginning of each day.
Date | Papal Message |
---|---|
TUE
15 July |
Young friend, God and his people expect much from you because you have within you the Fathers supreme gift: the Spirit of Jesus –BXVI |
WED
16 July |
The Holy Spirit gave the Apostles and gives you the power boldly to proclaim that Christ is risen! –BXVI |
THU
17 July |
The Holy Spirit is the principal agent of salvation history: let him write your life history 2! –BXVI |
FRI
18 July |
The spirit impels us 4ward 2wards others; the fire of his love makes us missionaries of God's charity. See you tomorrow nite –BXVI |
SAT
19 July |
Dear friend, you must be holy & you must be missionary: never separate holiness from mission –BXVI |
It also saw the launch of a new registration social networking site called xt3.com, with the aim to connect young Catholics before, during and after World Youth Day 2008.
On 8 September, a final message was sent via SMS to WYD2008 pilgrims registered on Xt3.com, marking 50 days after the closing Mass:
Dear Friends,
Fifty days ago we were together for the celebration of Mass. Today I greet you on the birthday of Mary, Mother of the Church. Empowered by the Spirit and courageous like Mary your pilgrimage of faith fills the Church with life! Soon I am to visit France. I ask you all to join me in praying for the young people of France. May we all be rejuvenated in hope!
Food
Pilgrims were served a traditional Australian menu. Over the six-day event, 3.5 million meals were served. To cater for the masses, 210,000 slices of bread, 425,000 chocolate bars, 200,000 meat pies and 300,000 servings of Weet-Bix Crunch were ordered. "We want to provide pilgrims with a good feed and a little bit of an Australian taste," WYD director of services Geoff Morris said; "We have tried to do that by including some of our more iconic items such as Tim Tams, Weet-Bix Crunch, Vegemite, lamingtons and good old baked beans". Organisers also held a "Big Aussie BBQ", which saw 200 barbecues lit up simultaneously across Sydney.
There's nothing immoral with a little commercialism. Our way of life is built on commercialism, on trade, on industry, on finance and people have got a right to make a living out of doing a good thing, which is spreading Christ's message in a modern way.
— Cardinal George Pell
Souvenirs
Pilgrims and the public were able to buy 470 different products including papal mementos such as special WYD rosary beads, Pope Benedict XVI baseball caps and rugby jerseys. Sydney's Catholic Archbishop Cardinal George Pell said that the Church was not looking to make a profit.
Any remaining merchandise was given to Catholic charities and surplus clothing was sent overseas to developing nations.
Panoramic image of crowd at vigil on 19 JulyAttendance
World Youth Day organizers revised the expected number of attendees downwards during the lead-up to the event. In October 2007, the Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, George Pell, claimed that "over half a million" people would attend the final mass at Randwick. The World Youth Day site later claimed likely attendance of "up to" half a million. Similarly, the projected number of overseas attendees was 150,000 people in 2006. This was later altered to a projection of "over 125,000" people from overseas. 65,000 visas were granted as of 12 days before the start of the event.
Around 500,000 welcomed the pope to Sydney and 270,000 watched the Stations of the Cross. More than 300,000 pilgrims camped out overnight in preparation for the Final Mass. The final attendance reported by Reuters was up to 300,000, however World Youth Day's Chief Operating Officer Danny Casey and other media reported over 400,000 attendees.
Marjorie's Bird
Marjorie Dunn Liddy, a Tiwi Islands woman who was raised by Catholic nuns on Melville Island painted a white dot bird on a navy background which became the image for the World Youth Day 2008. The image is commonly known as Marjorie’s Bird, although Liddy calls it The Day The Holy Spirit Visited Marjorie And Her People, her people being a reference to all Australians.
Liddy had never painted before she created this image which was included on the back of the chasubles for the papal Mass. Liddy tells the story of being touched by the Holy Spirit after a day of fishing which provided the inspiration for the image.
Official song
"Receive the Power", an original song written by Guy Sebastian and Gary Pinto, was chosen in May 2007 as the official anthem for World Youth Day 2008.
"Receive the Power" was played extensively throughout the six days of World Youth Day and also in the television coverage which went around the world. Sebastian performed at the concert after the Opening Mass which officially welcomed Pope Benedict XVI to Australia. Sebastian and Paulini also performed both the English and international versions at the Final Mass at Randwick Racecourse on 20 July. An estimated 400,000 people attended the mass. Sebastian and Paulini were invited to perform "Receive The Power" at the Pope's farewell and thank you to volunteers on 21 July.
Indulgences
The Pope announced that pilgrims at World Youth Day 2008 and those from around the world who pray for the "spiritual goals of this meeting and for its happy outcome" would be able to receive indulgences. In Roman Catholic teaching an indulgence is believed to erase the temporal punishment (time spent in purgatory) which results from sin.
Two types of indulgences were available:
- plenary (full) indulgence – for attendees
- partial indulgence – for those who pray
Controversies around the World Youth Day
Public funding
Some were concerned regarding the NSW state government's public funding of $129 million and the federal government's funding of $55 million. Some described it as a "promotional event" for the Catholic Church.
However the Sydney Chamber of Commerce estimated that World Youth Day would generate $230 million of economic activity and the NSW state government claimed that it would have a direct economic benefit over $150 million. In addition to direct benefits the state government said that the coverage of World Youth Day overseas was worth at least $1 billion. These gains would offset and exceed the government's expenditure on World Youth Day.
Use of Randwick Racecourse
The use of the Randwick Racecourse for the event was criticised and legally challenged by the racing industry in Sydney. Industry representatives argued that alternative sites, such as the Sydney Olympic Park at Homebush Bay, were more suitable venues. However, the NSW and federal governments and the event organisers insisted that Randwick Racecourse was the only location suitable for an event of such scale.
The World Youth Day committee initially offered to pay an agreed settlement to the racing industry. However, after some complaints, the federal and the New South Wales state government stepped in and jointly pledged $42 million in compensation to the racing industry – more than triple the previously agreed upon amount. In exchange, the industry relocated its operations to the Warwick Farm and Rosehill Gardens racecourses, with infrastructure at these sites and at Randwick to be upgraded as part of the compensation package. In addition, the Australian Jockey Club's lease at Randwick was to be extended by 50 years.
Despite some earlier concerns the final mass left the turf in good condition. The Randwick Project Steering Committee chief Hugh Martin stated that he was "very pleased with the state of the track" and an Australian Jockey Club spokesman noted that the "track seems to have held up well."
World Youth Day legislation
The Parliament of New South Wales passed the World Youth Day Act 2006 especially for the event. The regulations made under this act however had been the source of some controversy, mainly in the operation of various provisions of the World Youth Day Regulation 2008 within hundreds of so-called "declared areas" across Sydney. These areas included over 40 city locations, including popular tourist spots the Sydney Opera House and the Sydney Harbour Bridge, as well as at numerous public transport stations and schools.
The most significant and contentious amendments to the regulations were announced by the Deputy Premier John Watkins on 25 June 2008 and came into effect on 1 July 2008. People entering or exiting declared areas would have been subject to being searched, including vehicles or baggage, if so requested. According to The Australian, this may have included either general clothing inspections, partial strip searches, or even arrest. The regulations would have been enforced by police, with the Rural Fire Service and the State Emergency Service having enforcement power over some provisions. These authorisations were especially controversial, as such granted enforcement powers are normally available only to police. The new powers also caused concern to those organisations, which did not consider enforcement to be their role.
Of the most contentious of the regulations, a maximum fine of A$5,500 was able to be imposed for causing 'annoyance or inconvenience' to WYD participants. This was challenged in the Federal Court of Australia on the grounds of violating the implied constitutional freedom of political communication and/or exceeding the regulation making power of the World Youth Day Act 2006 (NSW). The Full Court agreed with the latter argument, declaring Clause 7(1)(b) regarding the specific prohibition of causing "annoyance to participants in a World Youth Day event" invalid.
Protest groups
A number of activist groups protested against the Catholic Church on World Youth Day. Various atheist and secular groups cooperated to form the NoToPope Coalition for WYD. The coalition rallied against the church's stances on same-sex marriage, abortion and contraception. Additionally, groups representing some victims of sexual abuse protested prior to WYD. On Saturday, the day of the pilgrimage walk, approximately 100 protesters positioned themselves on a street corner to chant slogans and wave banners at the over 200,000 pilgrims walking to Randwick. A strong police presence controlled the protesters.
Protest organisers had planned to use t-shirts with anti-Catholic slogans such as "Religion harms us by privileging faith over reason", "Badly needed community services were robbed to pay the Pope" and "107 Catholic clergy convicted".
There were very few physical confrontations between the pilgrims and protesters, with some initiated by the protesters throwing condoms at the pilgrims. Police arrested one Australian pilgrim for attacking a protester. A Sydney small business owner alleged that he received an anonymous threat against him and his family for producing "annoying" t-shirts.
Controversy over comments by Bishop Anthony Fisher
WYD coordinator Bishop Fisher told journalists the latest controversy was detracting from the massive Catholic youth festival underway in Sydney. "I think most of Australia was enjoying, delighting in the beauty and goodness of these young people... rather than dwelling crankily, as a few people are doing, on old wounds."
Anthony and Christine Foster spoke out on the bishop's comments, labelling them "very insensitive". Their daughters Emma and Katherine were raped by priest Kevin O'Donnell leading to Emma's suicide at the age of 26, while her sister Katherine drank heavily before being left disabled when hit by a drunk driver in 1999. Advocates for Survivors of Child Abuse director Michael Salter was outraged by Bishop Fisher's comments, saying, "The Catholic Church has a lot to learn about the burden of clergy abuse on the lives of victims, and those who care for them."
Bishop Fisher later said he had been misquoted by media representatives who, according to him, had been the people he had called "cranky" and not the victims.
Transport concerns
An additional 4,000 train and 3,400 bus services were commissioned for the event. There were 400 road clearways and 300 road closures. Threats to strike on 17 July in the heart of the celebrations, made by disgruntled rail workers, were withdrawn following negotiations with the state government.
Following World Youth Day, the NSW Premier Morris Iemma gave the transport systems' performance a 10-out-of-10 rating. He stated that special events such as WYD proved that decent public transport was possible and was considering implementing some of the strategies used for the event on an ongoing basis. Former Roads and Traffic Authority director Ken Robinson said that the public transport system ran smoothly during World Youth Day due to better coordination between different transport authorities, whilst NSW transport minister John Watkins noted that public transport for the week worked "tremondously well."
Apology, meeting with victims and criticisms
On 19 July 2008, in Sydney's St. Mary's Cathedral, Pope Benedict XVI made a historic full apology for child sex abuse by priests and clergymen in Australia. Before a congregation of 3,400, he called for compensation and demanded punishment for those guilty of the "evil": "Here I would like to pause to acknowledge the shame which we have all felt as a result of the sexual abuse of minors by some clergy and religious in this country. I am deeply sorry for the pain and suffering the victims have endured and I assure them that, as their pastor, I too share in their suffering." The Pope added: "Victims should receive compassion and care, and those responsible for these evils must be brought to justice. These misdeeds, which constitute so grave a betrayal of trust, deserve unequivocal condemnation. I ask all of you to support and assist your bishops, and to work together with them in combating this evil. It is an urgent priority to promote a safer and more wholesome environment, especially for young people." On 21 July, before flying out of Australia Pope Benedict met with a group of four victims of sexual abuse at St. Mary's Cathedral in Sydney, listened to their stories and celebrated mass with them. Broken Rites, the support group representing Australian victims, criticised the meeting as hand-picked: "I'm afraid that what they've done is selected victims who have agreed with what the church's policies are".
Broken Rites said: "Sorry may be a start but we want to see a lot more. We want the victims to be treated fairly, we don't want them to feel that they have been shut out, we don't want them to be re-abused by church authorities." It reported that there were 107 Catholic priests and religious brothers sentenced in Australian courts on sex charges, and that in 2002, Australian bishops had already apologised for past abuses.
The then NSW Premier Morris Iemma said he hoped "it would be a sign of righting the wrongs of the past and of a better future and better treatment by the church of the victims and their families."
Departure
The Pontiff departed from Sydney Airport on 21 July 2008. Before boarding a chartered Qantas Boeing 747-400 at Sydney Airport's Hangar 96, he thanked Prime Minister Kevin Rudd, Governor General Major General Michael Jeffery, newly appointed Ambassador to the Holy See Tim Fischer, and Cardinal George Pell. The Pontiff left Australia after the farewell message of thanks by Rudd: "Today I announce that for the first time Australia will have a resident Ambassador to the Holy See in Rome. And today I announce that the Government will be recommending to his Excellency the Governor General the appointment of the former Deputy Prime Minister of Australia the Honourable Tim Fischer as Australia’s first resident Ambassador to the Holy See."
References
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{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - "Stella Borealis Catholic Roundtable: The Legend of "Marjorie's Bird"". Stella Borealis Catholic Roundtable. 19 July 2008. Retrieved 12 March 2022.
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- ^ "Protest turns ugly as condoms rile marcher". The Sydney Morning Herald. 20 July 2008.
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External links
- World Youth Day Photo Slideshows, Themesongs and Small Movie (English/Dutch/German)
- In pictures: Pope ends Australia trip
World Youth Day events | |
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Pope John Paul II | |
Pope Benedict XVI | |
Pope Francis | |
Planned | Seoul 2027 |