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| {{Short description|Shinto shrine in Fukuoka, Japan}} | |||
| {{under construction}} | |||
| {{Infobox religious building | |||
| ⚫ | {{nihongo|'''Hakozaki Shrine'''|筥崎宮|''Hakozaki- |
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| | name = {{nihongo|'''Hakozaki Shrine'''|筥崎宮|''Hakozaki-gū''}} | |||
| | image = Hakozakigu01.jpg | |||
| | caption = Hakozaki Shrine's '']'' | |||
| | map_type = Japan | |||
| | map_alt = | |||
| | coordinates = {{Coord|33|36|52|N|130|25|24|E |display=title,inline |region:JP-40_type:landmark_source:dewiki}} | |||
| | map_relief = | |||
| | map_size = | |||
| | map_caption = | |||
| | religious_affiliation = ] | |||
| | type = | |||
| | deity = ]<br>]<br>] | |||
| | founded_by = | |||
| | established = | |||
| | date_destroyed = | |||
| | location = | |||
| | website = | |||
| | architecture_style = | |||
| | festival = | |||
| | leadership = | |||
| }} | |||
| ⚫ | {{nihongo|'''Hakozaki Shrine'''|筥崎宮|''Hakozaki-gū''}} is a ] ] in ] .<ref name="shrines339">Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1962). ''Studies in Shinto and Shrines,'' p. 339.</ref> | ||
| ==History== | ==History== | ||
| ] | |||
| Hakozaki Shrine was founded in 923, with the transfer of the spirit of the '']'' Hachiman from his dwelling place in ] in what is today ] in Kyushu.<ref name="fukuoka">Fukuoaka/Hakata Tourist Information website: </ref> | |||
| Hakozaki Shrine was founded in {{start date and age|923|p=y}}, with the transfer of the spirit{{citation needed|date=November 2016}} of the ''] ]'' from Daibu Hachiman Shrine in what is Honami ], ] in ]. | |||
| ]'', which was painted between 1275 and 1293<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ualberta.ca/~chor/mongolin.htm#MU |title=Mongol Invasions of Japan |access-date=2017-08-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030406062419/http://www.ualberta.ca/~chor/mongolin.htm#MU |archive-date=2003-04-06 |url-status=dead }}</ref>]] | |||
| The shrine is highly ranked among the many shrines in Japan, but it was not until 1915 | |||
| During the first ] on November 19, 1274 (''Bun'ei 11, 20th day of the 10th month'')<!-- NengoCalc 文永十一年十月二十日 -->, the Japanese defenders were pushed back from the several landing sites.<ref>Davis, Paul K. (2001). </ref> In the ensuing skirmishes, the shrine was burned to the ground.<ref>Turnbull, Stephen R. (2003). {{Dead link|date=January 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> When the shrine was reconstructed, a ] ''Tekikoku kōfuku'' (敵国降伏; surrender of the enemy nation) was put on the tower gate. The calligraphy was written by ], dedicated by ] as a supplication to Hachiman to defeat invaders. | |||
| (''] 4'') that it raised to its current position amongst amongst the ''Kwampeishōsha'' or highest ranked shrines.<ref name="shrines339"/> | |||
| The shrine is highly ranked among the many shrines in Japan. It was listed in ''Engishiki-jinmyōchō'' (延喜式神名帳) edited in 927. In 11th or 12th century, the shrine was ranked as '']'' (一宮; first shrine) of ]. | |||
| Emperor Antoku is said to have visited Hakozaki when he was in Kyushu with his court.<ref>Ponsonby-Fane, ''Shrines,''p. 116.</ref> | |||
| From 1871 to 1946, Hakozaki was officially designated a '']'' (官幣大社), in the first rank of ]. Other similar ]s were ] of ] in ] and ] of ] in ].<ref>Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon. (1959). ''The Imperial House of Japan,'' pp. 124-126.</ref> | |||
| ==Shinto belief== | ==Shinto belief== | ||
| Hakozaki Shrine is dedicated to the veneration of the '']'' ].<ref>Ponsonby-Fane, ''Shrines,'' p. |
Hakozaki Shrine is dedicated to the veneration of the '']'' ].<ref>Ponsonby-Fane, ''Shrines,'' p. 195.</ref> This shrine especially venerates the memory of ], ] and ].<ref name="fukuoka">Fukuoka/Hakata Tourist Information website: </ref> | ||
| ==Treasures== | ==Treasures== | ||
| {{further|Important Cultural Property (Japan)}} | |||
| A number of structures in the temple complex have been designated as national treasures, including the main hall, the worship hall, the Sakuramon gate and the Ichino-torii (gate).<ref name="fukuoka"/> | |||
| A number of structures in the shrine complex have been designated as important cultural assets of Japan, including the main hall, the worship hall, tower gate and the main ], ''Ichino-torii''.<ref name="fukuoka"/> This torii gate was demolished in 2018, as it became too expensive to repair after pieces started to fall off. It has not been replaced.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fukuoka-now.com/en/news/torii-gate-at-hakozaki-shrine-to-be-demolished/|title = Torii Gate at Hakozakigu Shrine to be Demolished}}</ref> | |||
| ==Festivals== | ==Festivals== | ||
| The annual Tamaseseri Festival and the |
The annual Tamaseseri Festival (January 3) and the Hojoya Festival (September 12–18) attract many visitors to the shrine.<ref name="fukuoka"/> | ||
| ==Shinan Ship== | |||
| Hakozaki-gu was one of the intended destinations of the cargo that the so-called ] was to deliver from ] to Hakata which route was also one of the final sections of the historic ]. The ship sailed in the 14th century before it sank close to Korean shores due to bad weather conditions. | |||
| This became apparent after the wreckage was found almost seven hundred years later. On some of the wooden labels or wooden tags(木間) that were used customarily to identify the cargo, the Chinese calligraphy characters of Hakozaki Shrine(筥崎宮) could be clearly read. The main destination of the ship's cargo was ] Temple in Kyoto as a fire caused serious damage and materials for reconstruction as well as replacements for artifacts were needed. ] Temple in Hakata was also to receive some of the ship's valuable cargo.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-07-05|title=The Return of the Celadons|url=https://gwangjunewsgic.com/arts-culture/exhibitions/the-return-of-the-celadons/|access-date=2024-03-09|website=]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-24|title=新案船 (Shinan Ship) Folder|url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Iw87eZhyO0A&t=2s&pp=ygURU2hpbmFuIHNoaXAgZm9sZGU%3D|access-date=2024-03-09|website= titled video, please check at 2 min 22 sec. for "Hakozaki-gu" characters(from ] channel of user "chang gyong")}}</ref> | |||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| ==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
| {{ |
{{Reflist|2}} | ||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| {{Refbegin}} | |||
| ⚫ | * ], Richard Arthur Brabazon. (1962). Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. | ||
| * Davis, Paul K. (1999). Oxford: ]. {{ISBN|978-0-19-514366-9}}; {{OCLC|0195143663}} | |||
| ⚫ | * ], Richard Arthur Brabazon. (1962). Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. | ||
| ⚫ | == |
||
| * ], Stephen R. (2003). London: ]. {{ISBN|978-0-415-96862-1}} | |||
| ⚫ | * {{ |
||
| {{Refend}} | |||
| ⚫ | ==External links== | ||
| {{Commons category|Hakozaki-gū|Hakozaki Shrine}} | |||
| ⚫ | * {{in lang|ja}} | ||
| * {{in lang|ja}} , images + video | |||
| {{Shinto shrine}} | |||
| {{Authority control}} | |||
| {{ |
{{Hachiman Faith}} | ||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
Latest revision as of 05:20, 20 December 2024
Shinto shrine in Fukuoka, Japan| Hakozaki Shrine (筥崎宮, Hakozaki-gū) | |
|---|---|
 Hakozaki Shrine's rōmon | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Shinto |
| Deity | Emperor Ōjin Empress Jingū Tamayori-hime |
| Location | |
  Shown within Japan | |
| Geographic coordinates | 33°36′52″N 130°25′24″E / 33.61444°N 130.42333°E / 33.61444; 130.42333 |
 Glossary of Shinto | |
Hakozaki Shrine (筥崎宮, Hakozaki-gū) is a Shintō shrine in Fukuoka .
History
Hakozaki Shrine was founded in 923 (1102 years ago) (923), with the transfer of the spirit of the kami Hachiman from Daibu Hachiman Shrine in what is Honami Commandry, Chikuzen Province in Kyūshū.
During the first Mongol invasion on November 19, 1274 (Bun'ei 11, 20th day of the 10th month), the Japanese defenders were pushed back from the several landing sites. In the ensuing skirmishes, the shrine was burned to the ground. When the shrine was reconstructed, a calligraphy Tekikoku kōfuku (敵国降伏; surrender of the enemy nation) was put on the tower gate. The calligraphy was written by Emperor Daigo, dedicated by Emperor Daijo Kameyama as a supplication to Hachiman to defeat invaders.
The shrine is highly ranked among the many shrines in Japan. It was listed in Engishiki-jinmyōchō (延喜式神名帳) edited in 927. In 11th or 12th century, the shrine was ranked as Ichinomiya (一宮; first shrine) of Chikuzen Province.
From 1871 to 1946, Hakozaki was officially designated a Kanpei-taisha (官幣大社), in the first rank of government supported shrines. Other similar Hachiman shrines were Iwashimizu Hachimangū of Yawata in Kyoto Prefecture and Usa Shrine of Usa in Ōita Prefecture.
Shinto belief
Hakozaki Shrine is dedicated to the veneration of the kami Hachiman. This shrine especially venerates the memory of Emperor Ōjin, Empress Jingū and Tamayori-bime.
Treasures
Further information: Important Cultural Property (Japan)A number of structures in the shrine complex have been designated as important cultural assets of Japan, including the main hall, the worship hall, tower gate and the main Torii, Ichino-torii. This torii gate was demolished in 2018, as it became too expensive to repair after pieces started to fall off. It has not been replaced.
Festivals
The annual Tamaseseri Festival (January 3) and the Hojoya Festival (September 12–18) attract many visitors to the shrine.
Shinan Ship
Hakozaki-gu was one of the intended destinations of the cargo that the so-called Shinan ship was to deliver from Ningbo to Hakata which route was also one of the final sections of the historic Maritime Silk Route. The ship sailed in the 14th century before it sank close to Korean shores due to bad weather conditions. This became apparent after the wreckage was found almost seven hundred years later. On some of the wooden labels or wooden tags(木間) that were used customarily to identify the cargo, the Chinese calligraphy characters of Hakozaki Shrine(筥崎宮) could be clearly read. The main destination of the ship's cargo was Tofuku-ji Temple in Kyoto as a fire caused serious damage and materials for reconstruction as well as replacements for artifacts were needed. Joten-ji Temple in Hakata was also to receive some of the ship's valuable cargo.
See also
Notes
- Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1962). Studies in Shinto and Shrines, p. 339.
- "Mongol Invasions of Japan". Archived from the original on 2003-04-06. Retrieved 2017-08-29.
- Davis, Paul K. (2001). 100 decisive battles: from ancient times to the present, p. 147.
- Turnbull, Stephen R. (2003). Genghis Khan & the Mongol Conquests 1190–1400, p. 66.
- Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan, pp. 124-126.
- Ponsonby-Fane, Shrines, p. 195.
- ^ Fukuoka/Hakata Tourist Information website: Hakozaki Shrine.
- "Torii Gate at Hakozakigu Shrine to be Demolished".
- "The Return of the Celadons". Gwangju News. 2019-07-05. Retrieved 2024-03-09.
- "新案船 (Shinan Ship) Folder". titled video, please check at 2 min 22 sec. for "Hakozaki-gu" characters(from YouTube channel of user "chang gyong"). 2021-04-24. Retrieved 2024-03-09.
References
- Davis, Paul K. (1999). 100 Decisive Battles: From Ancient Times to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-514366-9; OCLC 0195143663
- Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon. (1962). Studies in Shinto and Shrines. Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. OCLC 399449
- Turnbull, Stephen R. (2003). Genghis Khan & the Mongol Conquests, 1190-1400. London: Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-415-96862-1
External links
- (in Japanese) Hakozaki Shrine website
- (in Japanese) Fukuoka/Hakata Tourist Information website, Hakozaki Shrine, images + video
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