Misplaced Pages

Schering-Plough: Difference between revisions

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Browse history interactively← Previous editContent deleted Content addedVisualWikitext
Revision as of 14:29, 30 May 2009 editMbernste (talk | contribs)219 edits →History← Previous edit Latest revision as of 14:43, 16 October 2024 edit undoRy30606 (talk | contribs)91 editsNo edit summary 
(212 intermediate revisions by more than 100 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Pharmaceutical company}}
{{citations|date=November 2007}}
{{Infobox company
{{Infobox_Company |
| company_name = Schering-Plough Corporation | name = Schering-Plough Corporation
| company_logo = ] | logo = Schering-Plough.svg
| logo_size = 200px
| company_type = ] ({{NYSE|SGP}})
| type = ]
| foundation = 1971 (by merger with Plough, Inc.)
| foundation = 1971 (by merger with Plough, Inc.)
| location = ]
| defunct = {{End date and age|2009|11}}
| key_people = ], CEO & Chairman
| fate = Merged with ]
| num_employees = 50,000
| location = ]
| industry = ]
| key_people = ]<br>Final CEO & Chairman
| products = ], ], ], ], ], ] , ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ]
| num_employees =
| revenue = ] 18.502 billion (2008)
| parent = ]
| net_income = ] 1.903 billion (2008)
| industry = ]
| homepage = http://www.schering-plough.com/
| products =
| market cap = ] 20.7 billion (Oct. 2008)
| revenue = ]18.502 billion (2008)
| net_income = US$1.903 billion (2008)
| website =
}} }}
'''Schering-Plough Corporation''' ({{NYSE|SGP}}) is a ] company founded in 1851 by ] as ] in ]. In 1971, the Schering Corporation merged with '''Plough''' (founded by Memphis area entrepreneur Abe Plough in 1908 <ref></ref>) to form '''Schering Plough'''.


'''Schering-Plough Corporation''' was an American pharmaceutical company. It was originally the U.S. ] of the German company ], which was founded in 1851 by ]. As a result of ], it became an independent company. In 1971, the Schering Corporation merged with Plough, Inc. (founded by Memphis-based entrepreneur ] in 1908<ref name="TenCulture">{{cite encyclopedia |title=Abe Plough (1892-1984) |url=http://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entry.php?rec=1064 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150519004250/http://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entry.php?rec=1064 |archive-date=2015-05-19 |encyclopedia=Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture}}</ref>) to form Schering-Plough. On November 4, 2009 ] merged with Schering-Plough with the new company taking the name of Merck & Co.
'''Schering Plough''' manufactures several pharmaceutical ], the most well-known of which are the ] drugs ] and ], and through a collaboration with ], ], an anti-] drug.


Schering-Plough manufactured several pharmaceutical ], the most well-known of which were the ] drugs ] and ], an anti-] drug ], and a ] drug ]. These are now available from Merck & Co.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Merck US Prescription Products |publisher=Merck.com |url=http://www.merck.com/product/prescription-products/home.html |access-date=November 10, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101104075438/http://www.merck.com/product/prescription-products/home.html |archive-date=November 4, 2010 }}</ref>
Schering Plough also owns and operates the major ] care brand name ] and the ] care line ].


Schering-Plough also owned and operated the major foot care brand name ] and the skin care line ]. These also became a part of the new company.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Merck Consumer Products |publisher=Merck.com |url=http://www.merck.com/product/consumer-products/home.html |access-date=November 10, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101120133053/http://www.merck.com/product/consumer-products/home.html |archive-date=November 20, 2010 }}</ref>
{{As of|2005|alt=As of June 2005}}, Schering-Plough had 1.4% market share in the U.S., placing it at #17 in the top 20 pharmaceutical corporations by sales compiled by ].


{{As of|2005|alt=As of June 2005}}, Schering-Plough had 1.4% market share in the U.S., placing it seventeenth in the top twenty pharmaceutical corporations by sales compiled by ].{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}
'''Schering-Plough''' is a full member of the ] (EFPIA).<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.efpia.eu/content/default.asp?PageID=559&DocID=4883|title=The Pharmaceutical Industry in Figures - 2008 Edition |publisher=European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA)|pages=49|language=English|accessdate=2008-08-25}}</ref>


Schering-Plough was a full member of the ] (EFPIA),<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.efpia.eu/content/default.asp?PageID=559&DocID=4883|title=The Pharmaceutical Industry in Figures - 2008 Edition|publisher=European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA)|pages=49|access-date=2008-08-25|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20080916100937/http://www.efpia.eu/content/default.asp?PageID=559&DocID=4883|archive-date=2008-09-16}}</ref> a membership which is also maintained by the new Merck & Co.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Trade Association Memberships |publisher=Merck.com |url=http://www.merck.com/about/views-and-positions/trade-association-memberships.html |access-date=November 8, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101119114027/http://www.merck.com/about/views-and-positions/trade-association-memberships.html |archive-date=November 19, 2010 }}</ref>
== History ==


==History==
Schering was founded in 1851 by ] as ] in ].
===Pharmaceuticals and consumer products===
Schering was founded in 1851 by ] as ] in ].{{Citation needed|date=October 2009}}


Plough, Incorporated was founded by the ] area entrepreneur Abe Plough (1892&ndash;1984) in 1908. He borrowed $125 from his father to start the business at age sixteen. As a one-man business, he mixed "Plough's Antiseptic Healing Oil," a "sure cure for any ill of man or beast," and sold it off a horse-drawn buggy.<ref name=TenCulture />
Following the entry of the ] into ] in 1941, U.S. President ] ordered ]'s U.S. assets be seized. These became the Schering Corporation. The company was placed under a government administratorship until 1952, when it was released and its assets sold to the private sector.


Plough's acquisitions included St Joseph's Aspirin for children,<ref name=TenCulture /> ] cosmetics, and ] skin care products. Plough also had a broadcasting division, operating radio stations in ] (] & ]); ] (] & ]); ] (] & ]); ] (] & ]); and ] (] & ]).<ref> Retrieved January 16, 2019</ref>
Plough, Incorporated was founded by the ] area entrepreneur Abe Plough in 1908 . He borrowed $125 from his father to start the business at age 16. As a one man business, he mixed "Plough's Antiseptic Healing Oil," a "sure cure for any ill of man or beast," and sold it off a horse drawn buggy <ref></ref>. He grew the company through sound management and innovative strategies, with marketing genius.


Following the entry of the ] into ] in 1941, U.S. President ] ordered ]'s U.S. assets be seized. These became the Schering Corporation. The company was placed under a government administratorship until 1952, when it was released, and its assets sold to the private sector.{{Citation needed|date=October 2009}}
Plough's acquisitions included St Joseph's Aspirin for children <ref></ref>, ] cosmetics, and ] skin care products. Plough also had a broadcasting division, operating radio stations in ]; ]; ], ], and ].


In 1957, Schering acquired White Laboratories.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Schering-Plough_Corp.aspx|title=Schering-Plough Corp facts, information, pictures - Encyclopedia.com articles about Schering-Plough Corp|website=www.encyclopedia.com|access-date=16 March 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916132837/http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Schering-Plough_Corp.aspx|archive-date=16 September 2016}}</ref>
In 1971, the Schering Corporation merged with Plough, Inc. At the time of the merger, Abe Plough became Chairman of the combined company <ref></ref>.


In 1971, the Schering Corporation merged with Plough, Inc. At the time of the merger, Abe Plough became Chairman of the combined company.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.answers.com/topic/schering-plough-corp|title=Answers - The Most Trusted Place for Answering Life's Questions|website=Answers.com|access-date=16 March 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180317102125/http://www.answers.com/topic/schering-plough-corp|archive-date=17 March 2018}}</ref>
In 2000, Schering Plough bought a new campus in ] from ]. The company planned to make this location its second largest corporate complex in the world after completion of its current $20 million renovation.
In 2000, Schering-Plough bought a new campus in ] from ].{{citation needed|date=April 2015}}


On March 12, 2007, Schering-Plough Corp. purchased ], the drug unit of Netherlands-based ], for $14.4 billion, giving the US pharmaceutical company an array of women's health products and numerous late-stage pipelines of experimental medicines.<ref name="Buy">{{cite web|url=http://www.news-medical.net/news/2007/11/20/32697.aspx|title=Schering-Plough Acquires Organon BioSciences|date=20 November 2007|publisher=Medical Net News|access-date=19 June 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091220050624/http://www.news-medical.net/news/2007/11/20/32697.aspx|archive-date=20 December 2009}}</ref> '']'' itself was founded in 1923 by Dr. Saal van Zwanenberg, the president of Zwanenberg's Slachterijen en Fabrieken.{{Citation needed|date=October 2009}}
Schering-Plough was named one of the 100 Best Companies for Working Mothers in 2004 and 2005 by ''Working Mothers'' magazine.


On November 4, 2009 Schering-Plough merged with ] and through a ], Merck became a subsidiary of Schering-Plough, which renamed itself Merck.<ref>{{cite news| last=Singer| first=Natasha| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/10/business/10drug.html?hp| title=Merck to Buy Schering-Plough for $41.1 Billion| date=March 10, 2009| work=The New York Times| access-date=2009-11-14| url-status=live| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110512210903/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/10/business/10drug.html?hp| archive-date=May 12, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release| title = Merck and Schering-Plough to Complete Merger Today| url = http://www.merck.com/newsroom/news-release-archive/corporate/2009_1103.html| date = November 3, 2009| access-date = 2009-11-13| publisher = Merck & Co.| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091107063055/http://www.merck.com/newsroom/news-release-archive/corporate/2009_1103.html| archive-date = November 7, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release| title = New Merck Begins Operations| url = http://www.merck.com/newsroom/news-release-archive/corporate/2009_1104.html| date = November 4, 2009| access-date = 2009-11-13| publisher = Merck & Co.| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091208044359/http://www.merck.com/newsroom/news-release-archive/corporate/2009_1104.html| archive-date = December 8, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://phx.corporate-ir.net/External.File?item=UGFyZW50SUQ9MjA0NDh8Q2hpbGRJRD0tMXxUeXBlPTM=&t=1| title = Notice of Reorganization Event| date = November 12, 2009| access-date = 2009-11-13| author = Merck & Company, Inc.| publisher = Posted on Thomson Reuters web site| format = PDF| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160201164618/http://phx.corporate-ir.net/External.File?item=UGFyZW50SUQ9MjA0NDh8Q2hpbGRJRD0tMXxUeXBlPTM=&t=1| archive-date = February 1, 2016| url-status = dead}}</ref>
One of Schering-Plough's plants, in ] is the largest single site for the production of veterinary ] in the world.{{Fact|date=November 2007}} This is largely due to the fact that ]'s isolation has formed a natural ] and is free of ], ], ], ] and many other livestock diseases. It formerly had ], but this has been eradicated. The site is known locally as "Coopers Animal Health," a trademark still in use by Schering-Plough in Australia, but not elsewhere.


===Animal health===
In March 2007, Schering-Plough Corp. purchased ], the drug unit of Netherlands-based Akzo Nobel, for $14.4 billion, giving the US pharmaceutical company an array of women's health products and numerous late-stage pipelines of experimental medicines.
====Coopers Animal Health====
One of Schering-Plough's plants, in ] was the largest single site for the production of veterinary ] in the world.{{Citation needed|date=November 2007}} This was primarily because ]'s isolation has formed a natural ], leaving the country free of ], ], ], ], and many other livestock diseases. It formerly had ], but this has been eradicated. The site was known locally as '''Coopers Animal Health''', a trademark which originated in the 1850s with a British company, ]; the Coopers brand name was still in use by Schering-Plough in Australia, but not elsewhere.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Us|url=http://www.coopersanimalhealth.com.au/default.asp?V_DOC_ID=753|website=Coopers Animal Health|access-date=23 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160323094715/http://www.coopersanimalhealth.com.au/default.asp?V_DOC_ID=753|archive-date=23 March 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>


====Intervet====
''']''' was founded in 1923 by Dr. Saal van Zwanenberg, the president of Zwanenberg’s Slachterijen en Fabrieken. The company is housed at Zwanenberg’s premises in Oss, the Netherlands.
As a result of the acquisition of Organon BioSciences, Schering-Plough bolstered its animal health business with the ] subsidiary Intervet, obtained control of the active pharmaceutical ingredient manufacturer, ] and gained access to human vaccine production through the subsidiary Nobilon. The three companies comprising Organon BioSciences were Organon, Diosynth, and Intervet.<ref name="Buy"/> HomeAgain continues to use the Intervet name owned by Merck.
By August 21,2008, Famvir (]) was marketed as Schering-Plough; formerly it was marketed by ].


====Merck Animal Health, MSD Animal Health====
As a result of the acquisition of Organon, Schering-Plough bolstered its animal health business with the Akzo subsidiary Intervet and gained access to human vaccine production through the subsidiary Nobilon.
After the merger of Schering-Plough with Merck the animal health division was still known as Intervet/Schering-Plough Animal Health.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Intervet/Schering-Plough Animal Health |publisher=Intervet.com |url=http://www.intervet.com/ |access-date=November 10, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101110071116/http://www.intervet.com/ |archive-date=November 10, 2010 }}</ref> A merger of Merial and Intervet/Schering-Plough was planned in 2010 but was abandoned in March 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://veterinarynews.dvm360.com/dvm/Veterinary+news/Merial-IntervetSchering-Plough-call-off-merger/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/713040|title=Merial, Intervet/Schering-Plough Call Off Merger|date=23 March 2011|publisher=DVM Newsmagazine|access-date=27 July 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110518165646/http://veterinarynews.dvm360.com/dvm/Veterinary+news/Merial-IntervetSchering-Plough-call-off-merger/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/713040|archive-date=18 May 2011}}</ref> On June 29, 2011, the company announced that the animal health division would now be known as '''Merck Animal Health''' in the United States and Canada; it is now called '''MSD Animal Health''' elsewhere in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.merck-animal-health.com/news/2011-06-29-merck-animal-health-name-launch.aspx|title=Merck Announces New Name for Its Animal Health Division|date=29 June 2011|publisher=Merck Animal Health|access-date=27 July 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110808012302/http://www.merck-animal-health.com/news/2011-06-29-merck-animal-health-name-launch.aspx|archive-date=8 August 2011}}</ref>


===Chief executives===
On March 9, 2009 it was announced that Schering-Plough was to merge with ] and through a ] have Merck be a subsidiary of Schering-Plough who will rename itself Merck. <ref></ref>.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name
! Tenure
|-
| Willibald H. Conzen
| 1971 – 1979
|-
| Richard J. Bennett
| 1979 – January 31, 1982
|-
| Robert P. Luciano
| February 1, 1982 – December 31, 1995
|-
| Richard J. Kogan
| January 1, 1996 – April 2003
|-
| ]
| April 2003 – November 3, 2009
|}


==Medical products== ==Medical products==
===Prescription products=== ===Prescription products===
*Bridion (])
*Cerazette *Cerazette
*] - ] branded ''Neoclarityn'' *]: ] branded ''Clarinex''
*Esmeron/Zemuron (]) *Esmeron/Zemuron (])
*Famvir (]): for ] (herpes zoster) treatment, developed by ]
*Intron A & PEG-Intron ] - Hep C
*Intron A & PEG-Intron ]: for treatment of ]
*Levitra (]) - Erectile-dysfunction drug; co-marketed with ],and ]
*Levitra (]): Erectile-dysfunction drug; co-marketed with ], and ]
*Livial (]) *Livial (])
*Marvelon/Desogen *Marvelon/Desogen
*Nasonex and Asmanex (])
*NuvaRing
*Noxafil (])
*Puregon/Follistim
*NuvaRing
*Puregon/Follistim
*] (Doral)<ref>{{cite journal |author=Gupta SK, Ellinwood EH |title=Liquid chromatographic assay and pharmacokinetics of quazepam and its metabolites following sublingual administration of quazepam |journal=Pharm. Res. |volume=5 |issue=6 |pages=365–8 |date=June 1988 |pmid=3244647 |doi= 10.1023/A:1015907611170|last2=Ellinwood|s2cid=26259786 }}{{dead link|date=February 2020|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
*Remeron/Remeron SolTab (]) *Remeron/Remeron SolTab (])
*Remicade (]) *Remicade (])
*Suboxone (]/Naloxone)
*Temodar (]) *Temodar (])
*Vytorin (]) - Cholesterol-lowering combination drug *Vytorin (]): Cholesterol-lowering combination drug
*Zetia (]) - Cholesterol-lowering drug *Zetia (]): Cholesterol-lowering drug
*Nasonex and Asmanex (Mometasone Furoate)
*Famvir (]) - for ] and ] treatment formerly ]
*Bridion (])
*] (Doral)<ref>{{cite journal |author=Gupta SK, Ellinwood EH |title=Liquid chromatographic assay and pharmacokinetics of quazepam and its metabolites following sublingual administration of quazepam |journal=Pharm. Res. |volume=5 |issue=6 |pages=365–8 |year=1988 |month=June |pmid=3244647 |doi= |url=http://www.springerlink.com/content/w35k061536472516/fulltext.pdf?page=1 |format=PDF}}</ref>


===Over-the-counter products=== ===Over-the-counter products (Most products sold to ], except ])===
*] - A ] decongestant *]: A ] decongestant
*Claritin (]) - An ] which has less risk of causing ] *Claritin (]): An ] which has less risk of causing ]
*Correctol: A ] incorporating ] and yellow ]
*] - A ] remedy for the ], targeted towards individuals with ]
*]: A ] remedy for the ], targeted towards individuals with ]
*]: sunscreens
*]: sunscreen
*Drixoral *Drixoral
*Solarcaine: Sunburn relief
* Dr. Scholl's line of products
*]: Colored sunscreen
* others


==Veterinary products == ==Veterinary products==
*] - HomeAgain is an advanced pet identification and retrieval system. *]: HomeAgain is an advanced pet identification and retrieval system.
*] - A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (]) for the treatment of ] in dogs. *]: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (]) for the treatment of ] in dogs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.intervetusa.com/products/zubrin/overview.aspx|title=Zubrin|publisher=Intervet USA|access-date=19 June 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100118001151/http://www.intervetusa.com/products/zubrin/overview.aspx|archive-date=18 January 2010}}</ref>
*] - Is indicated for the treatment of ] and ] associated with ] (], formerly ])and/or ] susceptible to ]. It contains the strongest steroid (Mometasone Furoate) in Veterinary Medicine. *]: Is indicated for the treatment of ] and ] associated with ] (], formerly ]) and/or ] susceptible to ]. It contains the strongest steroid (]) in Veterinary Medicine.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.intervetusa.com/products/130_163343/productdetails_130_163679.aspx|title=Mometamax|publisher=Intervet USA|access-date=19 June 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100620213343/http://www.intervetusa.com/products/130_163343/productdetails_130_163679.aspx|archive-date=20 June 2010}}</ref>
*] - Attenuated modified live feline vaccines available in a multitude of ] combinations. *]: Attenuated modified live feline vaccines available in a multitude of ] combinations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.intervetusa.com/species/feline/products.aspx|title=Feline Products|publisher=Intervet USA|access-date=19 June 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100920005255/http://www.intervetusa.com/species/feline/products.aspx|archive-date=20 September 2010}}</ref>
*] - Canine vaccines available in a multitude of ] combinations. *]: Canine vaccines available in a multitude of ] combinations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.intervetusa.com/species/canine/products.aspx|title=Canine Products|publisher=Intervet USA|access-date=19 June 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100529032925/http://www.intervetusa.com/species/canine/products.aspx|archive-date=29 May 2010}}</ref>
*] - Ophthalmic ointment (cyclosporin) for the treatment of Pannis and ] in dogs. *]: Ophthalmic ointment (ciclosporin) for the treatment of Pannis and ] in dogs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.intervetusa.com/products/130_163354/productdetails_130_163712.aspx|title=Optimmune|publisher=Intervet USA|access-date=19 June 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100706211122/http://www.intervetusa.com/products/130_163354/productdetails_130_163712.aspx|archive-date=6 July 2010}}</ref>
*]: Trade name for ], a ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.intervetusa.com/products/130_163356/productdetails_130_163718.aspx|title=Orbax|publisher=Intervet USA|access-date=19 June 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100529033016/http://www.intervetusa.com/products/130_163356/productdetails_130_163718.aspx|archive-date=29 May 2010}}</ref>
*] - Trade name for ], a ].
*] - Is indicated for the treatment of ] and ] associated with ] (], formerly ])and/or ] susceptible to ]. It contains betamethasone valerate as an anti-inflammatory. *]: Is indicated for the treatment of ] and ] associated with ] (], formerly ]) and/or ] susceptible to ]. It contains betamethasone valerate as an anti-inflammatory.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.intervetusa.com/products/130_163358/productdetails_130_163724.aspx|title=Otomax|publisher=Intervet USA|access-date=19 June 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100806041740/http://www.intervetusa.com/products/130_163358/productdetails_130_163724.aspx|archive-date=6 August 2010}}</ref>
*] - A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (]) used in horses, cattle and swine in different parts of the world. *]: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (]) used in horses, cattle and swine in different parts of the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.intervetusa.com/products/130_163267/productdetails_130_163451.aspx|title=Bantamine Paste|publisher=Intervet USA|access-date=19 June 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100206181200/http://www.intervetusa.com/products/130_163267/productdetails_130_163451.aspx|archive-date=6 February 2010}}</ref>
*]: A synthetic ] used in reproduction of cattle.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.intervetusa.com/products/130_163306/productdetails_130_163568.aspx|title=Estrumate Prostaglandin|publisher=Intervet USA|access-date=19 June 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090914155505/http://www.intervetusa.com/products/130_163306/productdetails_130_163568.aspx|archive-date=14 September 2009}}</ref>
*] - A synthetic ] used in reproduction of cattle.
*] - ] for the treatment of cattle and swine. *]: ] for the treatment of cattle and swine.
*Nuflor-Florfenicol-for treatment of ], foot rot and control of respiratory disease in cattle at high risk of developing bovine respiratory disease.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.intervetusa.com/products/130_163352/productdetails_130_163706.aspx|title=Nuflor|publisher=Intervet USA|access-date=19 June 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100827193717/http://www.intervetusa.com/products/130_163352/productdetails_130_163706.aspx|archive-date=27 August 2010}}</ref>
*Nuflor


==Exercise drug== ==Exercise drug==
Schering-Plough has received recent publicity for a new drug ] which mimics the effects of exercise, having especially potent effects when used alongside another drug ] developed by ]. Schering-Plough also received much publicity for a drug ] which mimics the effects of exercise, having especially potent effects when used alongside another drug ] developed by ]. {{Citation needed|date=October 2009}}


==Collaborative research== ==Collaborative research==
In addition to internal research and development activities '''Schering-Plough''' was also involved in publicly funded collaborative research projects, with other industrial and academic partners. One example in ] safety assessment was the ].<ref>{{Cite book| last1 = Mattes | first1 = William B.| chapter = Public Consortium Efforts in Toxicogenomics | doi = 10.1007/978-1-60327-048-9_11 | title = Essential Concepts in Toxicogenomics| editor1-last = Mendrick | editor1-first = Donna L.| editor2-last = Mattes | editor2-first = William B.| series = ]| volume = 460 | pages = 221–238 | year = 2008 | isbn = 978-1-58829-638-2 | pmid = 18449490 }}</ref><ref name="InnoMed PredTox official project website">{{cite web|url=http://www.innomed-predtox.com/consortium/members/|title=InnoMed PredTox Member Organizations|access-date=2008-08-25|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080926214522/http://www.innomed-predtox.com/consortium/members/|archive-date=2008-09-26}}</ref>

In addition to internal research and development activities '''Schering-Plough''' is also involved in publicly funded collaborative research projects, with other industrial and academic partners. One example in the area of ] safety assessment is the ].<ref>Mattes WB (2008), Public consortium efforts in ], Methods Mol Biol. 2008;460:221-38 </ref><ref name="InnoMed PredTox official project website">{{cite web|url=http://www.innomed-predtox.com/consortium/members/|title=InnoMed PredTox Member Organizations|accessdate=2008-08-25}}</ref>


==Controversy== ==Controversy==
In 2004, Schering-Plough was accused of marketing gimmicks and payoffs to doctors for prescribing the company's pharmaceutical products <ref></ref>. In 2004, Schering-Plough was accused of marketing gimmicks and payoffs to doctors for prescribing the company's pharmaceutical products.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150922073300/http://www.nytimes.com/2004/06/27/business/27DRUG.final.html |date=September 22, 2015 }}</ref>


Schering-Plough entered a ] with the FDA on March 6, 2002 due to manufacturing issues with its albuterol inhaler. It was ordered to pay $500 million US dollars to the US Treasury.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/18/business/drug-maker-to-pay-500-million-fine-for-factory-lapses.html|title=Drug Maker to Pay $500 Million Fine For Factory Lapses|first=Melody|last=Petersen|newspaper=The New York Times|date=18 May 2002|access-date=16 March 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180128093911/http://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/18/business/drug-maker-to-pay-500-million-fine-for-factory-lapses.html|archive-date=28 January 2018}}</ref>
Schering-Plough entered into a Consent Decree with the FDA on March 6th 2002 due to manufacturing issues with its albuterol inhaler. It was ordered to pay $500 Million USD as follows; Schering-Plough Corporation agrees to pay one hundred seventy-five million dollars ($175,000,000.00) to the United States Treasury no later than ten (10) days after the date of entry of this Decree. Schering-Plough Products, LLC agrees to pay seventy-five million dollars ($75,000,000.00) to the United States Treasury no later than ten (10) days after the date of entry of this Decree. With respect to the remaining two hundred and fifty million dollars ($250,000,000.00), one hundred seventy-five million dollars ($175,000,000.00) shall be paid by Schering-Plough Corporation and seventy-five million dollars ($75,000,000.00) shall be paid by Schering-Plough Products, LLC, to the United States Treasury no later than three hundred sixty-five (365) days after the date of entry of this Decree.

It was also ordered to complete a rigorous series of inspections by a 3rd party inspector, in this case LCS, by 2006.

==Notes==
{{reflist}}


==References== ==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
*
*


==External links== ==External links==
* *
*
*
{{Merck&Co|state=autocollapse}}
*
{{Pharmaceutical companies of the United States}}
*
{{Authority control}}
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*


]
]
]
]
]
]


] ]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]

Latest revision as of 14:43, 16 October 2024

Pharmaceutical company
Schering-Plough Corporation
Company typeSubsidiary
IndustryPharmaceuticals
Founded1971 (by merger with Plough, Inc.)
DefunctNovember 2009; 15 years ago (2009-11)
FateMerged with Merck & Co.
HeadquartersKenilworth, New Jersey
Key peopleFred Hassan
Final CEO & Chairman
RevenueUS$18.502 billion (2008)
Net incomeUS$1.903 billion (2008)
ParentMerck & Co.

Schering-Plough Corporation was an American pharmaceutical company. It was originally the U.S. subsidiary of the German company Schering AG, which was founded in 1851 by Ernst Christian Friedrich Schering. As a result of nationalization, it became an independent company. In 1971, the Schering Corporation merged with Plough, Inc. (founded by Memphis-based entrepreneur Abe Plough in 1908) to form Schering-Plough. On November 4, 2009 Merck & Co. merged with Schering-Plough with the new company taking the name of Merck & Co.

Schering-Plough manufactured several pharmaceutical drugs, the most well-known of which were the allergy drugs Claritin and Clarinex, an anti-cholesterol drug Vytorin, and a brain tumor drug Temodar. These are now available from Merck & Co.

Schering-Plough also owned and operated the major foot care brand name Dr. Scholl's and the skin care line Coppertone. These also became a part of the new company.

As of June 2005, Schering-Plough had 1.4% market share in the U.S., placing it seventeenth in the top twenty pharmaceutical corporations by sales compiled by IMS Health.

Schering-Plough was a full member of the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA), a membership which is also maintained by the new Merck & Co.

History

Pharmaceuticals and consumer products

Schering was founded in 1851 by Ernst Christian Friedrich Schering as Schering AG in Germany.

Plough, Incorporated was founded by the Memphis, Tennessee area entrepreneur Abe Plough (1892–1984) in 1908. He borrowed $125 from his father to start the business at age sixteen. As a one-man business, he mixed "Plough's Antiseptic Healing Oil," a "sure cure for any ill of man or beast," and sold it off a horse-drawn buggy.

Plough's acquisitions included St Joseph's Aspirin for children, Maybelline cosmetics, and Coppertone skin care products. Plough also had a broadcasting division, operating radio stations in Atlanta, Georgia (WPLO-AM & FM); Baltimore, Maryland (WCAO-AM & FM); Boston, Massachusetts (WCOP-AM & FM); Chicago, Illinois (WJJD-AM & FM); and Memphis, Tennessee (WMPS-AM & FM).

Following the entry of the United States into World War II in 1941, U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt ordered Schering AG's U.S. assets be seized. These became the Schering Corporation. The company was placed under a government administratorship until 1952, when it was released, and its assets sold to the private sector.

In 1957, Schering acquired White Laboratories.

In 1971, the Schering Corporation merged with Plough, Inc. At the time of the merger, Abe Plough became Chairman of the combined company. In 2000, Schering-Plough bought a new campus in Summit, New Jersey from Novartis.

On March 12, 2007, Schering-Plough Corp. purchased Organon BioSciences, the drug unit of Netherlands-based Akzo Nobel, for $14.4 billion, giving the US pharmaceutical company an array of women's health products and numerous late-stage pipelines of experimental medicines. Organon itself was founded in 1923 by Dr. Saal van Zwanenberg, the president of Zwanenberg's Slachterijen en Fabrieken.

On November 4, 2009 Schering-Plough merged with Merck & Co. and through a reverse merger, Merck became a subsidiary of Schering-Plough, which renamed itself Merck.

Animal health

Coopers Animal Health

One of Schering-Plough's plants, in Upper Hutt, New Zealand was the largest single site for the production of veterinary vaccines in the world. This was primarily because New Zealand's isolation has formed a natural quarantine, leaving the country free of rabies, foot and mouth, scrapie, bovine spongiform encephalopathy, and many other livestock diseases. It formerly had echinococcosis, but this has been eradicated. The site was known locally as Coopers Animal Health, a trademark which originated in the 1850s with a British company, Cooper & Nephews; the Coopers brand name was still in use by Schering-Plough in Australia, but not elsewhere.

Intervet

As a result of the acquisition of Organon BioSciences, Schering-Plough bolstered its animal health business with the Akzo Nobel subsidiary Intervet, obtained control of the active pharmaceutical ingredient manufacturer, Diosynth and gained access to human vaccine production through the subsidiary Nobilon. The three companies comprising Organon BioSciences were Organon, Diosynth, and Intervet. HomeAgain continues to use the Intervet name owned by Merck.

Merck Animal Health, MSD Animal Health

After the merger of Schering-Plough with Merck the animal health division was still known as Intervet/Schering-Plough Animal Health. A merger of Merial and Intervet/Schering-Plough was planned in 2010 but was abandoned in March 2011. On June 29, 2011, the company announced that the animal health division would now be known as Merck Animal Health in the United States and Canada; it is now called MSD Animal Health elsewhere in the world.

Chief executives

Name Tenure
Willibald H. Conzen 1971 – 1979
Richard J. Bennett 1979 – January 31, 1982
Robert P. Luciano February 1, 1982 – December 31, 1995
Richard J. Kogan January 1, 1996 – April 2003
Fred Hassan April 2003 – November 3, 2009

Medical products

Prescription products

Over-the-counter products (Most products sold to Bayer, except Coppertone)

Veterinary products

Exercise drug

Schering-Plough also received much publicity for a drug AICAR which mimics the effects of exercise, having especially potent effects when used alongside another drug GW1516 developed by GlaxoSmithKline.

Collaborative research

In addition to internal research and development activities Schering-Plough was also involved in publicly funded collaborative research projects, with other industrial and academic partners. One example in non-clinical safety assessment was the InnoMed PredTox.

Controversy

In 2004, Schering-Plough was accused of marketing gimmicks and payoffs to doctors for prescribing the company's pharmaceutical products.

Schering-Plough entered a consent decree with the FDA on March 6, 2002 due to manufacturing issues with its albuterol inhaler. It was ordered to pay $500 million US dollars to the US Treasury.

References

  1. ^ "Abe Plough (1892-1984)". Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture. Archived from the original on 2015-05-19.
  2. "Merck US Prescription Products". Merck.com. Archived from the original on November 4, 2010. Retrieved November 10, 2010.
  3. "Merck Consumer Products". Merck.com. Archived from the original on November 20, 2010. Retrieved November 10, 2010.
  4. "The Pharmaceutical Industry in Figures - 2008 Edition". European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA). p. 49. Archived from the original on 2008-09-16. Retrieved 2008-08-25.
  5. "Trade Association Memberships". Merck.com. Archived from the original on November 19, 2010. Retrieved November 8, 2010.
  6. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) memorandum opinion and order released Tuesday, December 15, 1970 pertaining to the approval of the transfer of control of Plough Broadcasting Co., Inc. from Plough, Inc. to Schering-Plough Corp. Retrieved January 16, 2019
  7. "Schering-Plough Corp facts, information, pictures - Encyclopedia.com articles about Schering-Plough Corp". www.encyclopedia.com. Archived from the original on 16 September 2016. Retrieved 16 March 2018.
  8. "Answers - The Most Trusted Place for Answering Life's Questions". Answers.com. Archived from the original on 17 March 2018. Retrieved 16 March 2018.
  9. ^ "Schering-Plough Acquires Organon BioSciences". Medical Net News. 20 November 2007. Archived from the original on 20 December 2009. Retrieved 19 June 2010.
  10. Singer, Natasha (March 10, 2009). "Merck to Buy Schering-Plough for $41.1 Billion". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 12, 2011. Retrieved 2009-11-14.
  11. "Merck and Schering-Plough to Complete Merger Today" (Press release). Merck & Co. November 3, 2009. Archived from the original on November 7, 2009. Retrieved 2009-11-13.
  12. "New Merck Begins Operations" (Press release). Merck & Co. November 4, 2009. Archived from the original on December 8, 2009. Retrieved 2009-11-13.
  13. Merck & Company, Inc. (November 12, 2009). "Notice of Reorganization Event". Posted on Thomson Reuters web site. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 1, 2016. Retrieved 2009-11-13.
  14. "About Us". Coopers Animal Health. Archived from the original on 23 March 2016. Retrieved 23 March 2016.
  15. "Intervet/Schering-Plough Animal Health". Intervet.com. Archived from the original on November 10, 2010. Retrieved November 10, 2010.
  16. "Merial, Intervet/Schering-Plough Call Off Merger". DVM Newsmagazine. 23 March 2011. Archived from the original on 18 May 2011. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
  17. "Merck Announces New Name for Its Animal Health Division". Merck Animal Health. 29 June 2011. Archived from the original on 8 August 2011. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
  18. Gupta SK, Ellinwood EH; Ellinwood (June 1988). "Liquid chromatographic assay and pharmacokinetics of quazepam and its metabolites following sublingual administration of quazepam". Pharm. Res. 5 (6): 365–8. doi:10.1023/A:1015907611170. PMID 3244647. S2CID 26259786.
  19. "Zubrin". Intervet USA. Archived from the original on 18 January 2010. Retrieved 19 June 2010.
  20. "Mometamax". Intervet USA. Archived from the original on 20 June 2010. Retrieved 19 June 2010.
  21. "Feline Products". Intervet USA. Archived from the original on 20 September 2010. Retrieved 19 June 2010.
  22. "Canine Products". Intervet USA. Archived from the original on 29 May 2010. Retrieved 19 June 2010.
  23. "Optimmune". Intervet USA. Archived from the original on 6 July 2010. Retrieved 19 June 2010.
  24. "Orbax". Intervet USA. Archived from the original on 29 May 2010. Retrieved 19 June 2010.
  25. "Otomax". Intervet USA. Archived from the original on 6 August 2010. Retrieved 19 June 2010.
  26. "Bantamine Paste". Intervet USA. Archived from the original on 6 February 2010. Retrieved 19 June 2010.
  27. "Estrumate Prostaglandin". Intervet USA. Archived from the original on 14 September 2009. Retrieved 19 June 2010.
  28. "Nuflor". Intervet USA. Archived from the original on 27 August 2010. Retrieved 19 June 2010.
  29. Mattes, William B. (2008). "Public Consortium Efforts in Toxicogenomics". In Mendrick, Donna L.; Mattes, William B. (eds.). Essential Concepts in Toxicogenomics. Methods in Molecular Biology. Vol. 460. pp. 221–238. doi:10.1007/978-1-60327-048-9_11. ISBN 978-1-58829-638-2. PMID 18449490.
  30. "InnoMed PredTox Member Organizations". Archived from the original on 2008-09-26. Retrieved 2008-08-25.
  31. Gardiner Harris, "As Doctors Write Prescriptions, Drug Company Writes a Check", The New York Times (June 27, 2004) Archived September 22, 2015, at the Wayback Machine
  32. Petersen, Melody (18 May 2002). "Drug Maker to Pay $500 Million Fine For Factory Lapses". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 28 January 2018. Retrieved 16 March 2018.

External links

Merck & Co., Inc.
Corporate directors
Subsidiaries
Products
Schering-Plough
Facilities
Publications
Pharmaceutical companies of the United States
Current
Former
Tax inversion
Other
Categories: