Talk:Haplogroup R1a: Difference between revisions

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			== Misleading header and intro ==

			"Haplogroup R1a, or haplogroup R-M420, is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup" - is misleading, because R1a also can exist as mtDNA. To avoid these frequent misunderstandings, we genereally should set "Y-" before "Haplogroup" and even the Name itselve.] (]) 09:13, 14 June 2023 (UTC)
	==R1a as Iranian and North Indian maker==
	Is it right to put a "hypothesis" as a "proven fact"? R1a1 is "theorized" to be an Iranian and North Indian maker, based on "Kurgan HYPOTHESIS". There are other hypothesis regarding the origin of Indo-Europeans.May I remind everybody who has taken a science course that there is no "certainty" in scientific research. The wording in subsection "India, Iran, Pakistan and Afghanistan (Indo-Iranians)" implies that it has been proven. There are so many short comings with R1a as a diagnosis Aryan maker, and whether it is actually accurate to take one single haplogroup and say that the whole culture was spread around with it.
	I want to suggest to report "percentages" of R1a1 in Indian-Iranian-Pakistan-Afghanistan subsection. What I'm saying is that there is already a lenghty discussion in the beginning of the article regarding Indian-Iranian maker hypothesis , there is no need to go through it again. I would like to hear what everybody else think. Regards. --] (]) 01:24, 1 March 2009 (UTC)

			:The naming is correct.although some y-dna and mt-dna share a similar name, haplogroup R1a as a Y-DNA haplogroup and haplogroup R1a as an mtDNA haplogroup represent distinct genetic lineages and are inherited through different ancestral lines.what i can infer from this statement of yours is the confusion that same r1a ydna haplogroup which is used to trace deep ancestory (as it mutates rarely or very slowly) is same as r1a mt-dna (which is not very useful to determine ancestors as it mutates at a much faster rate).they are not same. ] (]) 00:37, 16 June 2023 (UTC)
	:Furthermore, I recommend taking a look at Haplogroup G. It is found At highest level in Ossetians ( the only descendant of Scythians Iranians, from southern Russia), around 60%. They lack R1a, which is actually very intresting since Kurgan Hypothesis is based on remainder of Scythians in Russia. --] (]) 01:33, 1 March 2009 (UTC)

			::I think that was the point? If there are two different topics with the same name then we try to pick titles which avoid confusion.--] (]) 10:04, 17 September 2023 (UTC)
	Well, Ossetians claim descends from Alanians (a Sarmatian tribe). And, according to Herodoth ("the father of History"), Sarmatians were descendants of Scythian women and slave fathers, so paternal DNA may indeed be different. Plus, Balto-Slavic language group is the most well-preserved living example of "old Indo-European), much more well preserved than the Iranian group. <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">—Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 20:02, 19 July 2009 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

			== List removed ==
	==Proto indo-europeans are persons of J haplotype linked via the Nostratic languages family!??==
	We know that:

			] removed list of notable carriers. Did the same at R1b. Here he gave no explanations, there he said "undue trivia". Lists of "notables" are accepted and widespread in Misplaced Pages. If stuff has sources why removing list? ] (]) 11:31, 17 July 2023 (UTC)
	First of all forgive your brother for my bad english and thank you for this article
			:It was removed before from all haplogroup articles, possibly has a reason. Let me check. Also some of the sources you used aren't reliable, hence restored the ] version. - ] (]) 11:33, 17 July 2023 (UTC)
			::Agree with {{u\|Joshua Jonathan}}. This is ''mega''-cruft. –] (]) 11:36, 17 July 2023 (UTC)
			::Well, it's good if you check, but anyways, lists of people are a main feature of Misplaced Pages, why shouldn't we have some for the haplogroups as well? P.S. let me know which sources that I added are not reliable so I see what I can do ] (]) 11:36, 17 July 2023 (UTC)
			:::Extremely tedious, was only able to check ~50 revision, all the way to 2008, couldn't find any such list in them. Probably got added / removed in between. {{u\|Andrew Lancaster}} would know better. Anyway, I'm opposing it since we already have this article - ]. - ] (]) 12:39, 17 July 2023 (UTC)
			::::What about a list with best known (really really renowned individuals) + link to ]? Such list may look like "boasting" for R1a haplogroup but it's actually just really cool trivia, and I can create other short lists for each haplogroup (I already made one for R1b)... ] (]) 19:36, 17 July 2023 (UTC)
			:::::I don't remember who removed what but yes in general there has been a long term consensus to avoid "famous carrier" sections in Y DNA articles. One of the problems in practice (because we played around with it for a while) was also finding good reliable sources. But a common argument is also that the information is trivial. I can imagine exceptions, such as the famous Richard III tests?--] (]) 10:08, 17 September 2023 (UTC)

			==Geographical origin tally==
			After getting some much needed rest, I now feel prepared to start the gradual process of sorting out what the studies in this article say about R1a origins, as well as clearing out the unreliable sources (such as blogs or tweets) in the article and general tidying.

			I would also like to acknowledge my mis-characterization of the studies on 21:16 16 July 2023. I implied with this comment that most of the studies say the haplogroup originated in West Asia. As I will show below by compiling quotes from all of the studies, that was incorrect. I also hinted that we should specify that Wells (2001) was talking about R1a1, when the article already does. These errors might reflect my insufficent sleeing patterns and general laziness; at least that is what I am hoping for.
	-R1 haplogroup are "paleolithic"haplotypes(0)

			I will create sub-sections below tallying the studies for their proposed geographical origin of R1a.
	-The originel language of persons of R1 haplogroup is linked with Basque and dont has any link with indo-european languages(1)

			===Eastern Europe===
	-Semitic and indo-european languages are linked via the nostratic(2)languages theory and are all languages of neolithic timed origin(3)
			I will start this section off by saying is that there is a problematic statement in the "R1a origins" section that reads:

			{{tq\|The ancient DNA record has shown the first R1a during the Mesolithic in Eastern Hunter-Gatherers (from Eastern Europe), and the earliest case of R* among Upper Paleolithic Ancient North Eurasians, from which the Eastern Hunter-Gatherers predominantly derive their ancestry.}}
	-The haplogroup J is very present among Indians,Persians,Greeks,Indians(4)

			Haak, et al. (2015) (]) do mention the mesolithic R1a individual from Karelia, who they describe as the "oldest known" R1a specimen found to date, but not "the first". And yet they also acknowledge that the modern R1a was brought to Europe from the East and that Karelia did not belong to the derived lineage {{tq\|M417 within R1a}}.
	-The linguistic aryanisation of india for example is only a linguistic process,in fact we have aryanic speaking populations as much racially different as Sindhis and Danish(5)

			These statements, while interesting and notable, don't explicitly support an Eastern European origin. They just note that mesolithic hunter gatherers had R1a and that a Karelian HG is the oldest sample of R1a yet identifed. also suggest that it may have been a common haplogroup among EHG.
	-Carleton Coon says:
	Linguistically, Indo-European is probably a relatively recent phenomenon, which arose after animals had been tamed and plants cultivated. The latest researches find it to be a derivative of an initially mixed language, whose principal elements were Uralic, called element A, and some undesignated element B which was probably one of the eastern Mediterranean or Caucasic languages.5 The plants and animals on which the economy of the early Indo-European speakers was based were referred to in words derived mainly from element B. Copper and gold were known, and the words for these commodities come from Mesopotamia.(6)

			There is seemingly one citation in the body that does directly support an Eastern European origin: who do say on page 1156:
	The sources are below

			{{tq\|... haplotypes Eu18 and Eu19 as signaatures of expansions from isolated population nuclei in the Iberian peninsula and the present
	(0)
			Ukraine, following the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). In fact, during this glacial period (20,000 to 13,000 years ago), human groups
	http://img148.imageshack.us/img148/8432/europemaptreeta1.jpg
			were forced to vacate Central Europe, with the exception of a refuge in the northern Balkans (16). Similar discrete patterns of the flora and fauna in Europe have been attributed to glaciation-modulated isolation followed by dispersal from climatic sanctuaries (18). This scenario is also supported by the finding that the maximum variation for microsatellites linked to Eu19 is
			found in Ukraine (19).}}

			This beings my tally of studies supporting an Eastern European origin for haplogroup R1a to a grand total of '''1'''. If anyone has more studies that support an Eastern European origin of R1a, go ahead and cite them, but until then I see no rationale for listing it as the first (and therefore, most supported, according to convention) location in the infobox. - ] (]) 08:23, 19 July 2023 (UTC)
	(1)
	http://www.nature.com/ejhg/journal/v13/n12/full/5201482a.html

	(2)
	Please note that these words are not borrowings but commun nostratic roots

	Semitic/Indo-european

			:{{ping\|Hunan201p}} Should we rearrange ''Possible place of origin'' paramter? And what would be the order? - ] (]) 09:56, 2 November 2023 (UTC)
	men/manne

			::Hunan201p I think it would be more interesting to consider how many studies think R1a entered Europe from the east (via eastern europe). I think that by tallying to come to a conclusion we risk ] because in reality there is not much consensus about where R1a originated apart from somewhere between Europe and India.--] (]) 10:48, 2 November 2023 (UTC)
	hala/hola,hello
			:::{{ping\|Fylindfotberserk\|Andrew Lancaster}} thanks for your comments, sorry it has taken so long for me to respond. Running short on time these days. I totally agree with Andrew Lancaster that it would be original research to tally the sources to re-arrange the order in the infobox. That's why I feel better about giving up on that task, but also why I don't have much of an answer for Fylindfotberserk. I also concur with Andrew's observation that there doesn't appear to be a consensus as to where R1a originated. I will add more if I can find the time. Please press ahead if you've got a plan. - ] (]) 11:43, 7 November 2023 (UTC)
			::::{{ping\|Hunan201p\|Andrew Lancaster}} Possibly the reason why it was "Eurasia" for years in the "{{para\|Possible place of origin}} parameter" before some newb editor replaced it with various regions . I wouldn't have a problem if we revert back to it and/or use some arrangement like this → "<nowiki>]</nowiki>" for the parameter. - ] (]) 12:18, 7 November 2023 (UTC)

			:::::There will inevitably be editors who want to narrow it down further, but Eurasia is at least difficult for anyone to get upset about. Another source-based option is a list "x, y or z", or something like "proposals are mainly in the area stretching from x to y" although even that is difficult in this case?--] (]) 12:55, 7 November 2023 (UTC)
	kassara/casser
			::::::Good idea, folks! I'll start with Andrew's proposal and invite him to do the second when he finds the time. ] (]) 00:46, 16 November 2023 (UTC)

			== South Asia ==
	ardh/earth

			{{yo\|Plumeater2}} "South Asia ''is'' the preferred terminology. Pinging ] and ] for input. ] - ] 09:18, 2 November 2023 (UTC)
	sahar/soir

			== "Opinion piece from a newspaper" ==
	ente/tu

			Regarding this revert , edit-summary
	me/mai
			{{talkquote\|It doesn't explain the relationship between older TMRCA datings and high populations, nor can we accept an opinion piece from a newspaper without any academic study supporting such extraordinary genetic claims.}}
			and this revert , edit-summary
			{{talkquote\|Blatant POV pushing using an opinion piece. Discrediting all the studies mentioned before it. If anyone else wants to investigate the sources they are free to do it. Thsi is my last revert.}}
			Tony Joseph refers to recent research, qouting dr. Richards, co-author of "“A Genetic Chronology for the Indian Subcontinent Points to Heavily Sex-biased Dispersals,” who rejects the idea that Indian R1a is very diverse. Anyone with even superficial knowledge of DNA-research knows that this research confirms the introduction of Indo-European related R1a into India around 2000 BCE. ] - ] 21:10, 15 July 2024 (UTC)

			:No, it doesn't. And I don't understand how you can disregard TMRCA datings like they are nothing. Diversity may be impacted by population density, but the South Asian diversity confirmed by various genetic studies could not have just formed after 2000 BC. As I said on my Talk page, to each their own. Someone rejecting the idea does not discredit years of genetic studies. ] (]) 21:16, 15 July 2024 (UTC)
	barr/bur

			::{{ping\|Joshua Jonathan\|Austronesier}} I believe, we are giving too much emphasis to Tony Joseph's article. He isn't a geneticist and certainly not a scholar in this field, which is obvious from some of the excerpts from his work. I suggest we use the research papers directly for whatever we are citing here, instead of quoting Joseph. - ] (]) 10:49, 16 July 2024 (UTC)
	omm/madar

			::He's referenced two times, plus an additional quote in a note to support the reference. In both cases he quotes Richards, a geneticist. That's not "too much emphasis," I think. ] - ] 11:49, 16 July 2024 (UTC)
	ab/badar

			:::{{ping\|Joshua Jonathan}} Why not quote Richard and his paper directly? This person (Joseph) isn't a scholar and not qualified in this topic area, Indian media is politically driven, there are multiple factions in the media, especially when it comes to these historical topics. You'll find many articles supporting OIT as well. Don't need to use news articles and opinion pieces when we can diretly use research papers, for the sake of balance. - ] (]) 12:02, 16 July 2024 (UTC)
	seb3a/septa
			::::Yes, and also inline citations from the study should be provided to support this extraordinary statement. These citations must include information about BOTH STR diversity and TMRCA datings, as both are being targeted here. No original research or synthesis by any 'Misplaced Pages scholar' should be tolerated. And even if we are able to find those inline citations( which i was unable to find), proper attribution must be provided, especially considering that one study is attempting to disregard all the previous multiple studies conducted before it. ] (]) 12:42, 16 July 2024 (UTC)
			:::::So, you want to argue that R1a originated in India, and wasn't brought there with the Indo-Aryan migrations? Is microsatellite diversity even still being used as an instrument? It seems to be outdated; the dates of those studies are quite telling. ] - ] 13:22, 16 July 2024 (UTC)
			::::::See, Joshua, no one is discarding the possibility of Indo-European migrations during the last phase of the Indus Valley Civilization. I also believe in a close relationship between the Aryan and Andronovo/Sintashta cultures. But the problem arises when editors try to conduct original research. What do you mean by "it's still a thing"? How do you think the origin of a haplogroup is decided? The only exception is this haplogroup (for obvious reasons) where we are arguing. And let's say it didn't originate in South Asia. However, the highest frequencies and most diversity of R1a in South Asia, along with the oldest TMRCA datings, indicate a long and complex history of human presence and migration in the region. The Indo-Aryan migrations likely involved multiple waves and significant interaction with existing populations, leading to the genetic patterns observed today. It’s not that simple that one small group came from Central Asia and changed the whole South Asian and Iranian genetics at this level. All we are asking is that if you are trying to negate all these studies, something better is required. Dont fall for biased indian newspapers (from both sides of political spectrum) ] (]) 14:13, 16 July 2024 (UTC)
			{{od}}
			Regarding {{tq\|the highest frequencies and most diversity of R1a in South Asia, along with the oldest TMRCA datings}}, the research you cherish is outdated, and rejected by more recent research, such as Underhill et al. (2015) and Narasimhan et al. (2019), conducted with much better methods. Regarding {{tq\|biased indian newspapers}}, what you call 'an opinion piece' was published in the science-section of The Hindu. That Hindu nationalists have problems with appreciating scientific insights does not mean that their opponnts are suffering from the same deficiency. ] - ] 16:00, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

			:Yes, please cite "the research" with inline citations. Cite the better methods (what are those?). And provide attribution if it's only one study. The whole argument is about that. But its your old habit to divert the topic of debate. Even in the opinion piece, there is nothing about TMRCA dating. Only a vague statement about diversity, which I was unable to find in your "top-notch research." And what research rejected highest frequencies? I mean seriously, now you included frequency rejection too, lol? The thing is, it's pointless having any conversation with you. You are in complete denial. I understand. You have a set agenda and a worldview you can't seem to break down. I don't have time for this. If others are interested, they can engage with you. Otherwise, hey, it's Misplaced Pages. Most articles here need serious improvements, but I am not going to waste my time as it's full of editors like you. If others have no problem with your baseless extraordinary assertions, do what you wish. Who am I to stop you? Have a good day! ] (]) 16:19, 16 July 2024 (UTC)
	sitta/sesta
			:So anyone who goes against your opinion is a hindu nationalist? Nice. M out ] (]) 16:21, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

			::Underhill et al. (2015) is already exyensively mentioned; I've added Narasimhan et al. (2018) to the India-subsection. You have a point about the genetic diversity and multiple waves; I've adjusted some text in line with that . ] - ] 16:28, 16 July 2024 (UTC)
	al/le
			:::Again, don't reply to me. Do what you wish. Change the article however you want. Make the frequency of R1a in Brahmins from 72% to 27%, in Khatris from 65% to 15%, etc., citing the Hindu article or whatever source you have. Make the STR diversity of South Asia lower than that of Europe, West Asia, and Central Asia. Adjust the TMRCA datings in South Asia to 2,000 years from more than 15,000 years. I don't care. I made my points above. Provide inline citations for your statement, which I initially marked as "failed verification," that attempt to reject whatever we know about South Asian populations. And now, don't bother me. I am done. ] (]) 16:37, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

			:{{ec}}{{ping\|Joshua Jonathan}} As I said, there are many factions in the Indian media, the anti-Hindu nationalist lobby is as much problematic as the other. Hence, it would be wise to use research papers directly instead of quoting lay-people from Indian media, supporting a certain narrative. Don't we already have links to Underhill, Narasimhan and Silva? We do not need quote from Joseph's article, who doesn't seem to know the obvious that females can't have R1a. - ] (]) 16:36, 16 July 2024 (UTC)
	qata3/cut

			::Jospeh quotes Richards, a published genetic scientist; Richard questions the idea, based on microsatellite variations, that R1a originated in India; it seems to me that this is relevant, precisely because of the reference Hindu nationalists make to these outdated studies. ] - ] 16:45, 16 July 2024 (UTC)
	batr/obturer

			:::{{ping\|Joshua Jonathan}} I'm not questioning the points raised by Richard, but the use of Joseph's work who isn't a scholar of the subject. Why can't we use Richard work directly. Why do we have to make Misplaced Pages a vehicle for Anti-Hindu-nationalist agenda if we are vehemently against Hindu-nationalist agenda? For the sake of balance, we shouldn't be entertaining both. Don;t we have Richard's work available? If not Underhill and Narasimhan will do. - ] (]) 16:58, 16 July 2024 (UTC)
	maridh/malade
			::::he's co-author of Da Silva et al. (2017). ] - ] 17:06, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

			:::::{{ping\|Joshua Jonathan}} I'm aware that Martin B. Richards is a co-author of Da Silva et al. (2017). But not journo Tony Joseph. Let's replace with Martin B. Richard's work in which he said − "{{tq\|the idea that R1a is very diverse in India, which was largely based on fuzzy microsatellite data, has been laid to rest}}”. - ] (]) 17:15, 16 July 2024 (UTC)
	haql/agro
			{{od}}

			Suggestions? ] - ] 18:14, 16 July 2024 (UTC)
	thawr/taureau
			:{{ping\|Joshua Jonathan}} Is Martin B. Richards paper where he said, "{{tq\|the idea that R1a is very diverse in India, which was largely based on fuzzy microsatellite data, has been laid to rest}}” available in the internet, do we have a link? - ] (]) 18:31, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

			:It's a reply from Richards to Joseph in an email-exchange, in the context of their 2017 publication. ] - ] 19:04, 16 July 2024 (UTC)
	qarn/corne
			::I'm with Fyl here. Not for the sake of balance, but for the sake of science. It's pretty simple. Two days ago, we have rejected the addition of a small piece of text in ] based on promotional interviews given by no one less than David Reich for launching the publication of Shinde et al. (2019). Some editor was so determined on adding (and re-re-re-adding) the piece that they got blocked. I rejected the addition with a plain rationale: ]. Unless you want to cover ideological meta-debates surrounding findings from population genetics (in which case press articles can be fine as sources), the only apt sources for a scientific topic like this one are peer-reviewed academic sources, ideally secondary sources (like Fox (2022) which is a good addition here), or if we feel we can't do without primary sources, then at least ''widely cited'' primary sources with ''widely supported'' findings. So no, please don't cite news media for genetic research, whether they interview Reich or Richards. If the things scholars say in an interview are indeed relevant and supported by their research, we should be able to find sources that pass ] in suppport of the very things they say in interviews. –] (]) 19:34, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

			:::{{ping\|Joshua Jonathan}} Also this one - "{{tq\|According to Martin P. Richards, co-author of Silva et al. (2017), the prevalence of R1a in India was "very powerful evidence for a substantial Bronze Age migration from central Asia that most likely brought Indo-European speakers to India."}}" - should be removed.
	sarab/sarabas
			:::Have a look at this - "{{tq\|offering proof that R1a arrived in India with multiple waves of migration, including '''Iranian hunter-gatherers''' and the Indo-Aryans.}}" - don't see any of the sources associating this hg with Iranian HGs. - ] (]) 20:52, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

			::Sorry, I couldn't resist coming back after reading "from Richards to Joseph in an email exchange"—I literally laughed at this. This should not be the standard of a high-level editor. It is a clear example of how ideological biases can make a usually rational and well-read person like Joshua no better than the people he criticizes day and night. Joshua has now removed the objectionable sentence for which I asked for verification, which is commendable ( i know its never easy to swallow your pride- i am very similar);
	keme/comme
			::Although there is still some bias, such as using a random phylogenetic reconstruction (which should not be used) to claim that more recent research has questioned older studies, there's no need to state 'older' studies "from this year to this"—they were not done thousands of years ago. Also, multiple waves of migration do not necessarily mean that migration only started after 2000 BC, which we are using as support for the conclusion (considering older TMRCA datings). However, these are comparatively smaller issues that may be addressed in the future by someone else (I am not touching the article now).

			::Overall, what remains is not as biased as the previous statement, which didn't even make any sense. It was not only illogical but also impossible, considering the number of genetic studies we have that we can also cite—with inline citations. It's also not OK to convey the message, directly or indirectly, that all previous researchers were maybe lying because maybe they were all Hindu nationalists. Regards, ] (]) 20:54, 16 July 2024 (UTC)
	silah/sird

	yaafukh/fuukhir

	wetr/water

	lugha/lingua

	qalb/lobos,cor

	mawt/mort

	rajol/ragazzo

	lobb/lobos

	bard/freddo

	ward/rodos

	wajh/visage

	anf/nez

	dawra/tour

	dwaran/tourner



	Greek/Arabic

	Emena/Minni

	Alla/Illa

	Odhi/Hedhe



	Arabic/English

	Ma3na/Mean

	Jorm/Crime

	3eyn/Eye

	Hu/His

	Ha/Her

	Dhak/That

	Hedhi/This

	Fatasha/Fetch

	Qit/Cat




	Arabic/French

	Nahnu/Nous

	Masha/Marche

	Turab/Terre

	Sama/Ciel



	Jam3=>Gam

	Somme=>Gam

	Sound change o=>a et j=>g

	Eardh=>ardh

	Eye=>3ayn

	Taureau=>thawr

	Corne=>qarn

	Ble=>Burr

	Agro=>Haql

	g=>q et l=>r

	Agro=>Haql (g<=>q)(r<=<l)

	Ble=>Burr (r<=>l)

	(3)
	http://free.of.pl/g/grzegorj/lingwen/afil.html

	The scheme on The Tower of Babel shows yet another approach to both genetic relations and dating of particular language families and protolanguages. According to its author, Proto-Indo-European was in use ca. 5000 BC, Eurasiatic ca. 9000 BC, and Proto-Afro-Asiatic ca. 10000 BC. The Nostratic language, which existed ca. 13000 BC, is said to have given birth to Eurasiatic and Afro-Asiatic.


	(4)
	]
	http://en.wikipedia.org/Haplogroup_J_(Y-DNA)

	(5)
	http://www.algerie-dz.com/forums/showthread.php?t=101980&page=4

	(6)
	http://carnby.altervista.org/troe/06-01.htm (also please take a look at the great J haplogroup concentration in the caucasian Daghestan)

	] (]) 11:31, 7 January 2009 (UTC)

	] (]) 10:51, 8 January 2009 (UTC)

	'''Whatever the above user has written about indo-europeans having J haplogroup is so funny and Bull shit as hell, Indo-Europeans did not even have 1 percent of J Hg, But they must have been at least 70 percent R1a1 and as for as their looks are concerned must have been either like northern russians or Dardic and Nuristani peoples in north-west of indian subcontinent.'''


	First of all your way of speaking is impolite

	I personally have R1b haplotype

	But my only aim is historical and scientifical accuracy

	How can Proto-indoeuropeans be majoritly R1,when the proto-indo european language is

	a "neolithic"language not a language dating from paleolithic as Basque language which belongs

	to original language family of peoples with R1 haplotype before the Aryan invasion


	But,of course early indo-europeans must be a mixed people(with variying haplotypes)

	] (]) 21:40, 19 January 2009 (UTC)

	== High Frequency of R1a among Kirgiz ==

	Please excuse me for my bad english

	1/Is this because there are many Russians and Tadjiks in the population test?

	2/Or this means that Kirgiz are in fact Aryan(Sogd,Tocharian... peoples)peoples who absorbed mongoloid Turk admixture with time and consequently has been Turkicized???

	Please answer mr dear redactor.


	] (]) 20:40, 6 January 2009 (UTC)

	== Indo-Europeans were mainly R1a1 ==

	I think indo-europeans expanded from euroasian steppes, and they were genetically mostly R1a1 but offcourse not exclusively, we have to keep in mind proto indo-europeans might have existed 7000 or 8000 years ago and populations at that time were mainly isolated and were genetically very homogenious. Only populations that do have significant indo-europeans blood are eastern most europeans and north western most south asians, others are just victims of indo-europeanization just like turkicization of anatolians or azeris. What triggered indo-europeans to expand bluntly was not just their inventions of war weapons at that time, but most importantly the hipe of their spirituality. The most dominant sections of indo-europeans were priestly spiritual class and the warrior class, the union of spiritual class with the warrior class lead the expansion of indo-europeans to impose their mythology to their surrounding elsewhere. Such a union of priestly class with warrior class in not unusual, it happened in Saudi Arabia when warrior tribe of Sauds made a confideration with the religious tribes of Muhammad bin Wahad , and this union lead the formation of vast kingdom of Saudi Arabia after a great warfare.

	Why I think it must have been the warfare under spiritual theme that lead the expansion of indo-europeans, is because indo-iranic society was perfect example of this tradition. In indo-aryan society there has always been a priestly class( like modern brahmins) and a warrior class khashtarya ( like modern rajputs) and they always have been in union and priestly class. Same goes for ancient iranic society , a priestly class in the form of Zoroastrians and a warrior class in the form of Sakas of Scythians. Thanks <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">—Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 18:57, 5 January 2009 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

	== Belarusian in frequency distribution table ==

	Something doesn't add up in the table in the section ]. Belarusian is listed three times. Both the first and the third mention use Pericic et al (2005) as a reference. But how can one source come to N 306 and R1a1 50.98 in the first mention, and to N 41 and R1a1 39.0 in the second mention? And which source is the 4 in the second mention of Belarusian? Is it reference 4, Zerjal, Wells, Yuldasheva, Ruzibakiev and Tyler-Smith? ]]<sup>]</sup> 00:26, 26 April 2007 (UTC)

	== R1a1 is not indicator of Indo-european ancestry ==
	There exist believe, that R1a1 show indo-european ancestry.
	But archeology and linguistics shows, that at least partialy proto-indo-europeans had neolithic middle eastern / caucasus ancestry.

	:Indo-European is not necessarily European. The mainstream theory about IE origins place them at the very edge of Europe in the border between Russia and Kazakstan. Obviously also IEs should have variegated ancestries, more diverse as they expanded further and assimilated more peoples. Just that the expansion of R1a1 into Europe and Asia is generally believed to be associated to Kurgan/IE expansion.
	:I don't know what you mean by "archaeology and linguistic shows...". That's a very generic comment. As said before the mainstream theory places original IEs in the Samara valley, at the conventional Euro-Asian border - but rather distant from the Caucasus. They were a steppary cattle-herder people, not a mountain or farming culture.
	:And, please, sign your comments. --] (]) 12:11, 3 January 2008 (UTC)


	''I agree that R1a is definetely the indicator of Indo-European origin, only the history books as recorded by the ancient people suggest it was not the Ukraine but further into Central Asia nearer to NW India & NE Iran.'' signed - Aryan

	== British R1a a minority ==

	Always felt an outsider although the family has been in britain countless generations. After just receiving an Ancestery DNA result to find my haplogroup was R1a and to have genetic links with baltic surnames from around the 9th Century.
	Just the haplogroup affect hair texture and colour of skin complexation. The extend family are fairly dark against the other long establish local population of the area. <small>—Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 21:37, 6 December 2007 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

	:It's an error to believe that your '''paternal ancestry''' really means much regarding your actual phenotype. You could perfectly have inherited your "dark" complexion from other ancestors actually, that are not reflected in that purely paternal ancestry. A black person in the Americas for instance would perfectly have R1a1 (or more commonly R1b1c) Y-DNA, for instance, while still being 80% or even 99% of African origin. Y-DNA only tells you about your father, his father, etc. But all other acestors are hidden here (and they are a lot once you start getting deeper into your genealogical tree).
	:Anyhow, . This page is to discuss the article, not your ancestry. --] (]) 12:18, 3 January 2008 (UTC)

	==Y-chromosome only carried by men==
	I don't understand why there is a picture of two girls with the text under that the y-dna is most common amongst ethinc sorbs, when the y-chromosone is only carried by men. <small>—Preceding ] comment added by ] (] • ]) 08:20, 11 January 2008 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:Unsigned2 -->

	==Vikings slaves==
	The ammount of R1a1 chromosome is high in northern Europe but not too high, it is very high in eastern Europe though, might not the cause be that the vikings brought home slaves, and alot of these slaves were slavs? Please can someone varify theory. <small>—Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 08:33, 11 January 2008 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

	: I wondered that too, but the timing is wrong. The eastern Vikings were setting themselves up in Slavic lands at the same time as the western Vikings were settling Iceland, which doesn't give enough time for dispersal of R1a1 westward. A better bet than the Vikings would be the Goths, up to a millennium earlier. Check out ]. ] (]) 08:26, 11 March 2008 (UTC)

	''In addition to this the Gauls of Ireland have legend that their Gaelic king was of Scythian decent. This could have also brought the r1a to the British Isles.'' signed - Aryan <small>—Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 09:07, 5 May 2008 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

	== Iran and Central Asia==

	This section of the article is pure nonsense:

	''Marija Gimbutas states that "the Process of Indo-Europeanization was a cultural, not a physical transformation, it must be understood as a military victory in terms of imposing a new administrative system, language and religion upon the indigenous groups. She writes in her book (The realdom of the Goddess) that the Proto-Europeans were peaceful agricultural farmers. So called Indo-European Aryans <u>were Mongoloidic nomads and warriors</u>. They were wandering in the Eurasian Steppes. About six thousands years ago, they started invading to Europe, Iran and India. They introduced the Indo-European languages and mixed with Proto-Europeans. <u>That is why many modern Europeans have Mongoloidic features.</u>'' <small>—Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 23:39, 19 January 2008 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

	: No its not, you haven't seen national geographic, here, https://www3.nationalgeographic.com/genographic/atlas.html search for M17 (R1a1) it shows such features in Ukraine and Central Asia, here is Spencer wells in Central Asia http://studgen.blogspot.com/2007/07/spencer-wells-in-europe-and-central.html... How is it then nonsense? See for yourself and do some more research, it seems what you are confusing here is the r1a1 with r1b "type" with is predominant in Europe (excluding eastern). dont just slap a POV. Thanx, best regards.] (]) 01:56, 20 January 2008 (UTC)

	:: See ]. The early Indo-Europeans did not have any Mongolic features. In contrast to their Altaic and Chinese neighbors, they had a Caucasian look, light hair and eyes and were easy to differentiate from their neighbors. See ] or ]. And the ] link does not say anything about "Mongoloidic Aryans". Neither does the video you have posted. It says that a man in Kazakhstan has the special marker. Even if he has a Mongoloid look today (which is not surprising, since in the past 800 years, following the ], the genetic pool of Central Asia has been significantly changed), this does not mean that the early Indo-Europeans were Mongoloid. This is your own interpretation and ]. And, by the way, you can watch the . The man they are talking about was living in Central Asia 50,000-60,000 years ago. That's way before the ] were formed as a unique ethno-linguistic group. The origin of the Indo-Europeans starts with the ] in ] 5000-8000 years ago. That means that there was a gap of some 40,000 years between the first Indo-European and the "Central Asian man" your links are referring to! <small>—Preceding ] comment added by ] (] • ]) 12:41, 20 January 2008 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:Unsigned2 -->

	: This is not my own interpretation it comes from genetesist from National Geographic and other sources! But you probably know better. National Geographic would not wite about "Mongoloidic Aryans" (in that sense) They show the r1a1 in connetion with Mongoloidic looking people, in which they are actually more "Eur-asian" looking. What you call Caucasian is a wide group of people who can have different genetic haplotypes with any type of hair or eyes. They do not necessarily have to have the r1a1 carrying gene associated with PIE.

	: What you think about Caucasian being only light haired or light eyed is wrong as in those pictures you showed me, its one side of it. You can be "caucasian" and "r1a1 carrying" with black hair, brown hair blonde hair or red hair, this just has to do with the amount of melanin. You can be causasian with a different set of haplotypes than r1a1, like r1b. caucasian has '''"'''less'''"''' to do with to do with the gene you carry. meaning you can be caucasian r1a1 or caucasian r1b. Arabs are also in the group of causasians, as well as other gropus, having neither the r1a1 nor r1b, so causasian is quite broad.

	: Europeans used to have dark eyes and hair. Lighter hair and eyes over time "leading to blondness" has to do with depigmentation as a result of lack of sunlight and lack of certain nutritions in the diet. It turned out to be an "advantage" as some men thought it to be attractive in "females" (which it is..) and those "stood out amongst other females".

	: Proto-Indo-europeans Aryan were Eur'''asian''' Cauc'''asian''' from the Caucasus or Eurasian steppes. They were not Neolithic Protoeuropeans in Europe where blondism now dominated the landscape, The pic of the Tocharian blonds from the 6th century AD depicted with light hair color and dressed in ] style in 6th century AD, about 1500 years ago, doesn't prove they were r1a1 carrying Proto-Indo-europeans from 6000 to 8000 years ago,An example of a mummie or a depiction proves nothing more than that person/s was carrying whatever gene were somewhere at a particular time. There are also representatives of Ethiopeans in stonecarvings in Iran from Persepolis dating to 2500 years ago. Iceland has the highest percentage of r1a1 in scandinavia.

	: She is not a "proto-european type" but more likely a r1a1 Proto-Indo-European, or a mix of r1a and r1b as in accordance with Marija Gimbutas and what happened when PIE introduced the I-E languages. Iceland have had virtually no outside genetic impact for a long time. There are millions of Blond people in Western Europe, however the gene in connection with PIE are virtually absent there, here the r1b is predominant. In NG you will see people with lighter hair like samis sharing same genetics as mongoloidic looking people in Russia and China and there are other similar cases. You will also see in the NG that r1a1 carrying people in Central Asia and Eastern Europe can have mongoloidic features. The man from central asia "mongoloidic looking" had a direct linkage to all modern Europeans as his genetic testing showed.

	for distribution in Europe.]]
	: For example today genetic studies show that though Oceanians resemble Africans they are the most genetically distant. Africans are more closely related to Europeans than any other group despite having different skin colors. And also Africa is the most divergent continent despte having dark skincolor. These Genetic test often provide startling answers. It has less to do with any certain look, just your genetic code. Also if anyone wants to know their lineage, one can send in a sample to NG and let them trace it for you...The link I gave shows the mongoloidic features of European ancestors its from S, wells from NG. Also the blond mummies found in china had genetic links to '''western eurasia''' (west europe), where the r1b is predominat.

	: See western China for r1b which is found west europe as well which was also linked to the blond mummy of your example. It has nothing to with Proto-Indo-Europeans "Aryans" of Central Asia, Eastern Europe, Northern India, or Eastern Iran who had/have r1a1. both r1a and r1b are scattered across Eurasia. ] ([[User
	talk:Cyrus111\|talk]]) 18:37, 20 January 2008 (UTC)

	::it was more like R1b from asia minor, NOT western Euro R1b from Iberian refugium, giving more status to it being proto IE relation since it is from near Ukraine (also notice it was from at most west SE Europe but people were as you say blonde hair or red hair)

	::from wiki R1b:

	::''Another haplotype of R1b, with DYS393=12, has been referenced in the literature as Haplotype 35, or ht35. They can be found in high numbers in Southeastern Europe and Western Asia. The members of this haplotype are thought to be descended from early R1b's who found shelter in Anatolia during the Last Glacial Maximum instead of in Iberia. Descendants can be found in high numbers in the Armenian Highland and Armenia with smaller numbers throughout the Middle East, in Jewish populations, in Southeastern Europe, and in the Caucasus Mountains. There is also a sizable pocket of ht35 in Uyghur populations in western China, which is theorized to be a remnant of the Tocharians, an Indo-European speaking people that inhabited the Tarim Basin in Central Asia until later being absorbed by various Turkic peoples.''


	:: What you are doing is ]. The reference to ] is irrelevant, because you do not have any qualitative data on her personal genes. Others from Iceland have different looks (see picture). ], leader of the Icelandic independence movement]] Claiming that the ancient Aryans/Indo-Iranians were "Mongoloid" is nonsense and has no scientific value. <small>—Preceding ] comment added by ] (] • ]) 22:47, 20 January 2008 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:Unsigned2 -->

	: Its not " WP:OR." It´s right there in the "NG" And also from Marijas book.
	: Do you know how broad your definition of "Mongoloid look" is? Some of them more genetically distant to eachother than to the gentleman on the pic. And also I am not saying that ancient Iranians were mongoloidic looking! I am saying that the ancient PIE people had some Eurasian kind of look, as NG clearly Illustrates this, and as is said by Marija G who worked with this her whole life. Modern genetic testing confirms her. You do not have qualitative data on the gentleman to the right either who are very likely r1b Anglo Saxon dec, which is predominat in West Europe like GB, as you can see he looks like any older English guy or even like American Presidents, but this does not mean he is unrelated to mongoloidic looking people in Central Asia IF, they share the same r1a1. I am saying there are mongoloidic (or rather "Eurasian") looking people (like bjork) with the exact same genetic code as someone without those features. NG clearly illustrates this... ] (]) 23:47, 20 January 2008 (UTC)

	:: I have her book right now in front of me. What page did you take that quote from? Or did you read that nonsense in some other book? You claim that Marijas claims such a nonsense. What book, what chapter, what page? I'll look it up! You are writing your own ], your reference to ] is your own ] (because you have absolute no credible source for that). <small>—Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 17:41, 23 January 2008 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

	Here you go, by all means,
	Also you still have not seen NG:s description of the M17 r1a1 carriers, see for yourself, what do you see? and again no, I am not writing own ] Its right there in the sources, see national geographic, read Karlos Kuriáski, Read the books. forget my reference to bjork, but you post a picture of Mr. "Jón Sigurðsson," like you have qualitative data on him. Is this the image you have in your mind regarding Proto-Indo-Europeans the Indo-Europan lang, was introduced to Europe via cultural contact with the PIE from Eurasian steppes/Central Asia. Archaeogenetics takes away disputed origin debates, it right there in the books and sources. ] (]) 22:36, 23 January 2008 (UTC)

	:Cyrus111, please don't spoil it for everybody here. This section is completely off-topic, you are pushing your single piont of view, most of this section repeats information that has been stated better and in a more balanced way elsewhere in Misplaced Pages and your contribution on this topic is bulged with OR. I value your interest in the topic, though your enthusiasm tends to be irrelevant to a proper representation of the subject. Your reference to Aryans is completely out of mind and I am not going in further detail to have this section improved. I removed the section because you base your "rights" for modiying the text on a consensus of your own invention. Reinserting this distorted nonsense against all odds is close to vandalizing this article on genetics and does not qualify to the kind of edits and editors WP is waiting for. ] (]) 14:03, 27 January 2008 (UTC)

	Spoiling? What am I and Who am I spoiling it for? I am using work from scholars, nothing is my own inventions here! You´re the only one complaining about the section, What does that section Iran and Central Asia have to do with you? I am not "pushing any single view" like you say. Its right there in the books and sources, of course if r1a1 is related to a language, to migration and to other occurances then these need to be mentioned as well which it briefly does. Where is my own invention as you call it? My reference to Aryans, is not my reference to Aryans its Marija G:s ref. Not mine! I understand how you feel, but accusing others of vandalism because of a ref to Marija G and a map which shows migratory paths, is close to ridicolus. Please add something relevant and educational so people can learn something rather then removing work from a Sholars who worked with this all their life. That is disrespecful to scholars, its disresp to editors and it just shows your frustration which is really related to something else ] (]) 14:30, 27 January 2008 (UTC)

	:You are just copy pasting text from other sections that other Misplaced Pages editors, including me, contributed to. Then you edited the copied text in such a way as to exaggerate the contribution of the Kurgan culture to the R1a1 gene distribution in relation to what has already been written on the subject. Your interpretation of the image is in contradiction to the mentioning of pre-altaic people on areas where Gimbutas proposed PIE Kurgan culture. Your reference to the work of Gimbutas is a complete anachronism, she died long before anybody had heard of Hg R1a1. An image "personally granted by a scholar" is no justification at all to insert such an image - including personal unsourced interpretations - anywhere you like. Your image, introduction of Kurgan people and "Aryans" are as off topic as Mickey Mouse. Please be less ignorant. I think your contribution here is very incoherent, in many ways. It certainly does not reflect the scholarship of people "who worked with this all their life". Please show you are able to an intelligent contribution, and stop being disruptive to the level of this article how it was. You would spoil it to everybody if this article has to be protected, or to yourself if you show utterly unable to talk sense and comply to simple WP politics. ] (]) 15:01, 27 January 2008 (UTC)

	To minimize personal accusations here in Misplaced Pages I choose to use Scholary statement which I often '''citate from the scholar''', to avoid accusations like those you are making right now. How am I exaggerating the contribution of the Kurgan culture to the r1a1 gene? It was already written by someone else in other sections before I even started ed. this page. I added a map that now shows the mig paths. Why is that a big deal to you? Be glad if I used a line or 2 that you wrote, or has those been "fortified". Remove your personal lines if you wish but dont worry about the stuff I used from scholars. "My own stuff" has also been used by other ed. (other art.) no way did I show a hefty reaction to that. Marija died in 1994 you think they didn´t know about haplotypes then (even if she didn´t)? Comon... Recent genetic studies only confirms her work. Your ref to the altaic people is not relevant when r1a1 is measured within some populations, which has "no connection" to Proto-Indo-Europeans. And easy with the accusations, why so much aggression, is it because it´s not orbiting Eurocentrism? Thanx for the accusations and go ahead and drag this to a point where they slap a protection template on it, you´re the only one dragging us there it seems to be your agenda. Still however, it wont change the facts... ] (]) 16:07, 27 January 2008 (UTC)
	:For instance, the link you provide with your image says: ''"Note that neither this Urheimat/homeland hypothesis, nor the dozens of other ones, nor the migration routes are in fact convincingly proven."'' This compared with your edits advancing one particular scenario doesn't give the impression you intend to stick to your sources, if any. Please don't refer to Scholarly statements that don't show up, this might be interpreted as deceit. ] (]) 19:30, 27 January 2008 (UTC)

	Misplaced Pages is based on good faith noone here I hope is here to deceit anyone, and accusing others of such makes you look bad. Those sources I used are there for everyone to see and do their own research, whats the deceit? There is no not sticking to the sources? Its right there for everyone. What Scholary statement didn´t show up? Here is an update map which again there is ref. to in the image in the article. I have had personal contact with the scholar and the map is correct regarding the larger languages while slightly incorrect regarding migratory paths of Alb. and Hittie lang. Hence after agreement with him and his request as well I made the ref to his work where the updatemap on those lang can be found. In NG they link the gene to the languages and is in accordance with the location of Marija G:s Eurasian Kurgan culture, where M17 have been connected to, please read about it there and from other sources and other scholars elsewhere as well, and again Archaeogenetics takes away disputed origin debates.] (]) 20:51, 27 January 2008 (UTC)
	:Good faith does not apply to verifying the sourced statements you make: ''"The Kurgan's thesis is the predominant model of Indo-European origins and likely the origin of the spread of R1a and R1a1."'' Without mentioning the inaccuracy of the first part of this statement (did you ever read Mallory?), I already assume overly good faith by saying you are a either self contained joker, or an ignorant or an ignorant bad joker for mentioning Mallory (1989:185) as a reference, absolutely agnostic of R1a1. The third reference is a quote from Gimbutas I think, I really don't know what you are up to with a reference to a book on grammar: Grammar of Modern Indo-European by Karlos Kuriaki? Ah, and the first reference related to your map is about the (linguistic) SLRD method, without any reference to genes. Well, you tell a lot more of this same poor quality and none of this is sourced. Something to do with being too occupied with reviving Aryans for talking sense? ] (]) 22:02, 27 January 2008 (UTC)

	I came here from ], and I cant even figure out the issue. Can someone please state the issues in the form of question(s)? ] (]) 04:33, 29 January 2008 (UTC)
	:The "issue" is that a Dutch nationalist and an Iranian nationalist both want genetics and history to support their pet claims about Aryans. ] (]) 14:00, 29 January 2008 (UTC)
	::an excellent summary. ] <small>]</small> 14:19, 29 January 2008 (UTC)

	The word entered Europe only a few hundred years ago, rest is history... Dont mix me up with Dutchboy! ] (]) 12:33, 7 February 2008 (UTC)

	:::Nice to see Paul Barlow back in person now the sockpuppets are dead, for giving free indications of his bad behavior. And Dbachmann still sneering as if he ever supplied the diffs I requested to support his personal attacks. ] (]) 15:04, 29 January 2008 (UTC)
	::::You really do live in a fantasy world, don't you? I have no sockpuppets and never have had. Please feel free to request any checks you like. Oh, and why don't you look to see what my last edit to this article actually was before making the kind of comments you do below? It's not on my watchlist, so I only look in very rarely. ] (]) 17:41, 30 January 2008 (UTC)
	Hello MilesAgain. I am not aware of any relevant content issue that involves nationalism. All I want to bring forward in this talk is the lack of coherence of the inserted section in relation to the article. Strange enough the administrators that normally safeguard articles from this degree of off-topic and nonsensical contributions are busy elsewhere counting the barnstars they received from Iranian nationalists (or other Aryans) and are delighted to see me struggle an unworthy fight for quality and WP guidelines. The question remains: do the contribution of Cyrus111 belong to this article or doesn't it? Thanks. ] (]) 15:04, 29 January 2008 (UTC)

	Nationalism? lets not go there... enjoy Gods land wherever you are] (]) 12:33, 7 February 2008 (UTC)

	=== Please let me ask again about this dispute ===

	Would someone please tell me exactly what text is at issue, in terms of the versions preferred by both sides? This is one case where I wish there ''was'' an edit war, because then maybe I could figure this out from the article history. Is it ? ] (]) 01:01, 31 January 2008 (UTC)

	:Yes, this one. At the moment it seems quiet and the text has not been reinserted for a day, though I can't vouch for what will happen once the editor returns from school . ] (]) 07:17, 31 January 2008 (UTC)

	== concerning "Mongoloid" interaction ==

	I am not taking a particular side in this controversy, although I will lean towards the side of skepticism. The "Mongoloid" is really a pseudoscientific label more than anything else.

	"The problem" is since people are so governed by putting images in their head when they hear a word, word mongoloid brings up images of Chinese people or East asians in the same way if one says a "red car" or "nightsky" such image will appear in your head...It easy to shape..] (]) 12:22, 7 February 2008 (UTC)

	But IIRC, according to various articles published in the Sino-Platonic papers (a series edited by UPenn's Victor Mair) there is fairly considerable evidence of at least some sort of early interaction between Sino-Tibetans and Indo-Europeans. One such paper as an example: .

	Also, why is it assumed that the Proto-Indo-Europeans must have been racially homogeneous? (Saying the original creator of the Kurgan Hypothesis had knowledge of this nucleotide sequence is of course anachronistic, but I wonder if you can really say with 100% certainty that 'The early Indo-Europeans did not have any Mongolic features.') ] (]) 00:48, 29 January 2008 (UTC)

	Because at one given time they were, also you can still find peoples with 100% r1a1 in Tajikistan and surrounding areas.] (]) 12:21, 7 February 2008 (UTC)

	:Wow, if this is true I would plead for an investigation of how the Singing Whales taught their language to the Rhinemaiden that - long ago - washed ashore on our beautiful Dutch beaches! For of course, this is how it all started. And sure, race and genes change for peoples that pass their language from west to east and back west again - or vice versa. Look at the gypsies, that returned to the west with an Indo European language after having changed their R1a1 Y-DNA genes for H - without mentioning their Indic looks. The same trick could have happened over and over again. So much for the R1a1 gene, that after all has been found in the most non-IE related places you can imagine. Still, following the waves, you'll find more Western European R1b in western China than Chinese O in Eastern Europe. Or maybe the IE languages from Turfan would turn out to be the creole origin of the Chinese language? I wonder if the Chinese Aryens will be happy now... ] (]) 22:39, 29 January 2008 (UTC)

	::Hmm, intersting reading. It seems I was right though in my first reaction: ''the thesis presents itself that Old Chinese emerged as a mixed language, though spoken with Proto-Chinese native tongue, using mainly the Proto-Indo-European idiom which seems to have stretched from Mongolia to Europe during the third millennium B.C. in the northern part of the temperate zone.'' I'm sorry, no role for "Mongolic features" to early Indo-Europeans from this side... ] (]) 17:09, 30 January 2008 (UTC)

	: This discussion is getting out of hands. The talk is not about Chinese-IE contacts, but about the alleged "Mongoloid" look of the PIE. And that is nonsense. PIE and IE languages have always been transmitted by "Caucasian" people, from Ireland to Tibet. Even the ], which are remnants of the ancient ] civilization and represent the eastern-most IE group, have clear "Caucasian" elements.
	: I agree with some others in here that one should not focus too much on controversial terms such as "Caucasian" or "Mongoloid". And, sure, there were early contacts between different groups. But, summing everything up, the general categorization of the PIE would be "Caucasian". That's the predominant view in the academic world. <small>—Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 03:57, 2 February 2008 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

	I dont think that in the field of "haplotype genetics" they can use the term Causasian, since this involves millions of people with whole set of different haplotypes.] (]) 12:21, 7 February 2008 (UTC)

	== Third opinion ==

	Hey. I see that Miles already tried to ask about what the issue is here, but didn't get an actual answer. The page has been quiet for a few days, so I'm going to remove the 3O listing. If you do in fact need a third opinion on this article, please provide a ''clear'', ''neutral'' summary below, and then readd the link to 3O. Thanks. — ] <sup>]</sup> 15:59, 3 February 2008 (UTC)


	== Females ==
	IMHO, it's strange to keep pictures of Sorbian and Tajik girls in an article like this. They are not carriers of Y chromosome anyhow. --] (]) 20:03, 3 February 2008 (UTC)


	Funny you should say that I was about to bring up the same thing myself. They really don't belong in this article though I suppose removing the pictures and replacing them w/ more appropriate subjects would most likely cause a long drawn out and dare I say even pointless discussion unless a consensus is reached (hint, hint).
	] (]) 02:54, 5 February 2008 (UTC)Geog1
	----
	It was reported in The Gulf News February 21, 2008, UAE that scientists in the USA published two studies in the British journal "Nature" that all persons of European descent experienced a "genetic bottleneck" because a small founding population "moved" into Europe between 30,000 to 100,000 years ago.As a result, the gene pool in Europe was restricted. People of African descent are more varied genetically then Middle Easterners, who are in turn more diverse than either Asians or Europeans.A team of researchers led by Noah Rosenberg of University of Michigan and Andrew Singleton of the National Institutes of Health analysed DNA from 485 people in 29 different populations around the world to arrive at this conclusion.

	== Proposal to create a new WikiProject: Genetic History ==

	I have put up a suggestion at ] to create a new WikiProject, WikiProject: Genetic History.

	To quote from what I've written there:

	:; Description: A wikiproject for articles on DNA research into ] and ]s; the history and spread of human populations as revealed by eg human Y-chromosome and mitochondrial DNA ]; and similar. Many such articles can be found in ] and its subcategories, notably the subcategories on human haplogroups.

	:; Rationale
	:* My direct motivation for seeking this Wikiproject was a recent run-in at ], where I desperately missed the lack of a relevant WikiProject talk page to go to, to attract the input, advice and views of knowledgeable editors in this area.
	::There's a lot of general public interest in the proposed subject area -- eg the ] page is apparently getting well over 100 hits a day, and over the last 18 months or so there's been a lot of material added, by a fair number of different editors, mostly editing different pages which are particularly relevant to them. IMO, a central wikiproject would be useful, and also a good place to be able to bring ], ], and WP:general cluelessness issues for wider informed input.
	::] and ] do already exist, but their focus is much much broader. With regard to those project's charters, I believe the subject would be seen as a rather specialist niche topic area, rather out of the mainstream of those project's normal focus. On the other hand, I believe that there are a number of wikipedia editors (and readers) who are specifically interested in the subject, who would find advantage if there were a specific wikiproject for it. ] (]) 12:56, 22 February 2008 (UTC)

	If people think this would be a good idea, it's a target for WikiProjects to have at least five "interested" signatures to show there's some support, before they get going.

	Alternatively, if people think it would be a ''bad'' idea, please leave a comment in the comments section.

	Either way, please show what you think, at ]

	Thanks, ] (]) 13:34, 22 February 2008 (UTC)

	== Weasel claim ==

	The following pragraph:

	<blockquote>
	The ] suggests that the speakers of the ] spread the gene further to Asia and Eastern Europe. The low occurrence of R1a1 in Western European Indo-European speaking populations(most notably the region west of the ]<ref>Barrier analysis () show a clear gene barrier along the Vistula: "This finding suggests that across the history the geographic boundary, dividing Southeast Europe from Eastern Europe was more transparent for the reciprocal flows than the boundary between Eastern and Western Europe."</ref> — including the enigmatic ] — shows that this correlation with PIE cannot be extended to the "kurganized" western ] and subsequent ].<ref>correlated with the "secondary Urheimat" or early ] dialects; Mallory says (1987, p257): ''"Perhaps our only recourse is to return to our strict definition of the Proto-Indo-European homeland as where the Indo-European languages were spoken in the period 4500–2500 BC."''</ref><ref>European R1a1 measurements (referred to as M17 or Eu19) in Semino et al 2000 read 6.2% to Germans (a 4X drop to Czechs and Slovakians reading 26,7%) and 3.7% to Dutch</ref>
	This corresponds to the now widely accepted view that kurganisation never occurred.<ref>The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology. Copyright © 2002, 2003 by Oxford University Press</ref>

	</blockquote>

	... looks like self-research. Most of footnotes are irrelevant (a dictionary), vague "see Semino et all..." (no link, old data, unlikely claim of only 6% R1a among Germans, etc.). The main "source" about "Kurganization" is a short dictionary entry that doesn't even seem to support it clearly (it talks of pottery styles not kurgan burials nor any extensive archaeological review, it's unsourced and looks more a personal opinion than anything else).

	I am deleting it, as only adds to confusion. --] (]) 03:27, 6 March 2008 (UTC)
	:6% R1a in Germany an unlikely claim? The source Semino et all.,2000, hardly an irrelevant source, here is mentioned 6.2% Eu19, that is indeed pretty low to a country bordering on Poland where the value reaches a maximum above 50%. Obviously you are not familiar to the sources, though I don't think this is a proper argument. The same applies to your claim that the Vistula barrier should be an Oder barrier: the map supplied by the Varzari article has been drawn in bold, as one could expect of one the most important genetic barriers in Europe - whether or not the barrier is drawn in rather some kilometers to the left of the Vistula. The "Dictionary" is in fact an outstanding Archeological reference book that includes articles of known archeologists, including Mallory if this name rings a bell to you. All in all, your arguments on sourcing are misleading and unfair and does not increase your credibility or neutral point of view. Sorry to have confused you, but I think claims that link R1a1 1:1 to Kurgans and Indo-European languages are even more confusing.] (]) 11:20, 30 June 2008 (UTC)

	:As an ex-post-facto note: the strongest of those sources (Varzari et al.) does NOT suggest a "Vistula barrier" but if anything it mentions a series of apparent genetic barriers in Europe but none at the Vistula (there would be one near the Oder though - though this one is likely to have been caused by 20th century events).
	:The deleted paragraph seems overall very tendentious self-research with "weasel" sources that do not justify what is written there. --] (]) 04:15, 6 March 2008 (UTC)
	::This reads as if you are interested in an update. Indeed, the nonsense of east-to-west expansion of Kurgan genes (people) is not resticted to the lack of R1a west of the genetic barrier and a steep drop of R1a towards Germany and the Netherlands. What about the R1b1b2a gene that evidence to people moving just in the opposite direction? This gene has already been proposed to be a good marker to the Corded Ware culture. So, if Corded Ware did not receive any noticeable infusion of genes from the east and instead indeed delivered genes itself until deep into the Kurgan heartlands including Ukraine and Russia, what then should be the interest of Wikpedia to repeat witlessly fashionable opinions on Kurgans of genetists such as Wells, based on obsolete measurements and knowledge of subclades? ] (]) 11:20, 30 June 2008 (UTC)

	Hi,

	Just letting you know that I agree w/ your decision and support it. This was clear POV pushing from the start. That particular user has a history of doing this sort of thing. Also if you have time please visit my talk page and let me know what you think about removing genetic info from various archaeo and linguistic Wikis. Thanks. ] (]) 18:09, 7 March 2008 (UTC)Geog1
	:First, try to stop genetists that come up with outlandish claims of their own, utterly ignorant of better markers. You'd rather aim your arrows at the obsolete Kurgan claims of Wells. Or would this be against your own POV? I wish you luck. ] (]) 11:20, 30 June 2008 (UTC)
	Oh please you again. Actually I think its easier to stop blatant POV pushers such as yourself here on Misplaced Pages. And if you are not a geneticist or actually know of a source that's found the "IE" marker (which is somewhat of a dubious concept in and of itself) then why on earth would anyone care what you think? Seriously what's it going to take for you to realize that this site isn't about POV and that you are the biggest POV pusher going? We had several months of peace and decent article writing while you were gone. Misplaced Pages is a relatively simple concept: find a source and write what it says not add your own opinion or POV. Now we'll probably have to go through pointless rounds of the "logic" game again (I thought we discussed all this from our prior conversations). Anyway here is something to keep in mind: languages may not start w/ one haplogroup or genetic traits so perhaps its rather pointless (maybe even crass?) to account for a language family in such a manner as there have been studies that have shown no correlation between languages and genetics. Again this is really why such info shouldn't be spliced w/ linguistics and archaeology to begin with but you've thrown so much of it around that now we have to clean things up. Good luck to you as well as its apparent that you are far too emotional of an editor to write responsibly on this site. My suggestion would be to start your own blog site where you can voice your views ad nausea but leave it off of Misplaced Pages.] (])Geog1
	:Hmm, I can't remember we had an unsettled disagreement left at any place but the talkpage, making this bitter remarks a bit less pointless. To be a worthy editor you should work towards the happiness of experiencing cooperation, concession and mutual agreement. We are very much agree: the R1a gene is not the marker to the IE languages. No, I don't see any reason to fight you. Instead I'll dedicate this beautiful quote of Santos Alonso to you: ''"Contrary to previous suggestions, we do not observe any particular link between Basques and Celtic populations beyond that provided by the Paleolithic ancestry common to European populations, nor we find evidence supporting Basques as the focus of major population expansions."'' So come on, let's work together and find out where else on the world this mythical focus of major population expansion would be located! (Only Dab knows, but he will never say so) ] (]) 21:01, 30 June 2008 (UTC)

	:Georg1, my last doubts are gone: using the same pattern of false accusations here (Passarini? Semino at al. was referred to!) you reveal yourself as just another crypto-Kurganist. Have a good day.] (]) 17:14, 4 July 2008 (UTC)

	Yeah yeah and you reveal yourself as a consistent POV pusher who favors some sort of IE homeland in the Netherlands so its quite apparent you have your own bias as well. Meant Semino et al. anyway. Also the point of Wiki is not to work towards a consensus but to disseminate the info of actual scholarly research. Consensus building is done in research groups, scholary institutions etc. So have a good day yourself.] (]) 18:39, 4 July 2008 (UTC)Geog1
	:''"... bias as well."'' Well, well, trying to get away with POV pushing (and a trickle of trolling) so easily? Please get serious, what research groups or scholarly research you are referring to, since it is obviously not Semino et al.? You did not give justification or excuses for your false accusations and don't expect me to take you seriously right now. If you want to learn something about consensus: for this purpose they invented WP TALK.] (]) 09:00, 5 July 2008 (UTC)

	Seriously Rokie your hilarious...if it had anything to do w/ POV or trolling then I wouldn't bother but again you're the biggest violator of both. And I gave plenty of justification anyway. TALK is used for consensus on appropriate sourcing not whether or not your ovn POV applies. ] (]) 15:46, 5 July 2008 (UTC)Geog1
	:All I can see is that you are removing sourced information. The paper contains multiple views, and ignoring this is against NPOV policy. If you continue to revert without TALK or minding sources references (and even display an utter ignorance on the papers involved), I'll denounce your incooperative attitude as sheer vandalism. Your "justification" is your private trolling campaign against divulging genetic information and really, such a cruzade is of no concern to Misplaced Pages politics. Please leave.] (]) 16:15, 5 July 2008 (UTC)

	Like I said the study doesn't say anything about an "Urheimat" which is a term that appears typically in linguistic articles. So basically it looked as if you were synthesizing two different ideas from two different sources together. Furthermore your paraphrasing was rather oblique and ultimately confusing. I fixed it so it reads closer to what the article actually said. Also males spread the lineage as the use of the word people would really imply that anyone both male or female could spread the lineage. So chill out.] (]) 18:29, 5 July 2008 (UTC)Geog1
	:Oblique is your new paraphrasing ''"where Indo-European languages possibly spread from"'', since in the article Semino et al. merely refer to Gimbutas 1970 theory: the caution "may have been" becomes lost here. Obviously you introduce a confusion of your own that expose your POV paraphrasing as ordinary bias.] (]) 20:24, 5 July 2008 (UTC)

	Uh yeah right. Bottom line, you were the one who wrote the ] article (http://en.wikipedia.org/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Broad_homeland_hypothesis) which has since been deleted on account that it was all OR by members of Misplaced Pages. The community has spoken and may I remind you that the title of this discussion section refers to you. Cheers!
	] (]) 18:04, 9 July 2009 (UTC)Geog1

	The first sentence, ''The ] suggests that the speakers of the ] spread the gene further to Asia and Eastern Europe. '' in fact represents the mainstream opinion. The remainder of the paragraph was clearly OR intended to "debunk" that hypothesis. But note that the Kurgan hypothesis is not ''based'' on genetic evidence; it at best ''predicts'' a limited gene flow in the area and period in question. The very limited presence of R1a in Italy, Spain and the British Isles corresponds ''exactly'' to the hypothesis that these territories were Indo-Europeanized very late (in the Iron Age) and were not part of any "Kurganization", which is a term used in context of the ] horizon. --] <small>]</small> 10:29, 5 May 2008 (UTC)

	:Dear Dab, since you obviously believes in ghosts, you can prove their existence by predicting a limited visibility of their presence in any area and period in question. You can't erase the observations made to the Kurgan theory by for instance Mallory, that says the lack of archeological and anthropological (and now also: a lack of genetic) evidence is NOT in favour of the Kurgan theory. Sure, you can point at Italy and Tarim (depending on the theory, since even this regions could have been IE-ed a lot earlier, so at what marker we should look to start with?), though you'd for sure run into serious problems now this lack of genetic etc. evidence has been confirmed to Corded Ware territories. And even though the Kurgan pradigma can find an answer to all mysteries (especially now the mysteries serve you to prove ghosts), I already pointed out to you clearly that "mainstream" does not apply to the Kurgan theory. Thus, a neutral observation that puts the Kurgan claims of R1a genes into its context is absolutely required to comply to ].] (]) 11:20, 30 June 2008 (UTC)

	you have pointed out no such thing, although not for lack of trying.
	The source given for "the now widely accepted view that kurganisation never occurred" is ''The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology'' (2002, 2003). Which page in that work, pray, are we referring to here, and what is the verbatim statement "]"? ] <small>]</small> 16:19, 30 June 2008 (UTC)
	:I've pointed this out here: ] Continued unsourced use of "mainstream" to designate Kurgan paradigmas could only be explained with assuming evil on your side. The Oxford dictionary of Timothy Darvill is not as good as the Oxford Companion to Archeology edited by Brian M. Fagan (there was some confusion onmy side), still the quote on Corded Ware (p101) is unmistakable: ''"Once believed to represent a series of pan-European migrations from the steppe region of southern Russia and credited with the spread of Indo European langages, it is now recognized that the tradition of making and using corded ware is the result of many local developments that shared certain common ideas."'' Where can you see the kurganization, the influence of the steppes here? None whatseoever. If you want to have some "mainstream" ideas concerning the Corded Ware culture: by current insights it is considered regionally autonomous and local. This lack of cultural influx from the steppes can indeed be recognized in the lack of genetic influx. There is nothing SYNC in compiling sourced information. Mallory in the other book I quoted (p348): ''"Although this theory can show some evidence for population movements into southeastern Europe, it cannot demostrate archeologically the progressive movements of Indo Europeans into the rest of Europe."'' So what is so original to confirm the low measurements of R1a in the Nordwestblock in response to claims that (absent) R1a "proves" the Kurgan theory to the Corded Ware territories? You might be evil, but not so stupid as not to understand this. ] (]) 17:29, 30 June 2008 (UTC)
	::"evil", lol, you're going to call me race traitor next! ] <small>]</small> 18:15, 30 June 2008 (UTC)
	:You still don't get it: to whatever ends or goals, your answer once again shows how much you allow your "political" motives and psychology to dominate the discussion, if there ever was any. No, I'd rather call you a person haunted by ghosts.] (]) 19:29, 30 June 2008 (UTC)
	::it's a question of phrasing. I am happy to accept that CW cannot be shown to be the result of kurganization. This is what's in your quote, and it's hardly equivalent to your "kurganization never occurred". If you think that's "political", I'd prefer not to grasp for terms for your obsession with the Netherlands being the Aryan homeland. --] <small>]</small> 19:47, 30 June 2008 (UTC)
	Kurganization was never accepted nor confirmed as a viable concept, does this sound better to you? Read Mallory p233 and 253 to know how unsettled the concept already was for the Caucasus and Central/SE Europe. Still, of course my edit only concerned the western realms. ] (]) 20:33, 30 June 2008 (UTC)

	== some basic structual problems in the article? ==

	First, I notice that the front the article discusses only one theory of R1a origins and say highest diversity is in South Russia etc. while a later division of the article says highest diversity is closer to India? Obviously such problems can normally be fixed in a relatively uncontroversial way by saying in the intro that there are two theories.--] (]) 10:30, 6 October 2008 (UTC)

	Second, the tables are a good idea, but it seems someone started work on them and left them unfinished?--] (]) 10:30, 6 October 2008 (UTC)
	==Nationalism-Bias==
	In place of Origin, I avoided using nations because they distract from pinpointing the geographic origin & gives a nationalistic flavor to the article. ] (]) 02:03, 24 October 2008 (UTC)

	==No its not==
	Cadenas my friend this has nothing to do with the nations per say these are geographic locations and states---today, not 20000 years ago where the "mutation" occured and 5 nations are mentioned and how can place of origin of genetic mutation serve as nationalism? shouldnt history and present actions of states serve as such? ] (]) 21:58, 24 October 2008 (UTC)

	Its frustrating because alot of people are trying to make these articles better & your only focusing on nationlistic edits. Each place of origin has a link if someone doesn't know where that region is they will click on it!] (]) 23:12, 24 October 2008 (UTC)

	Then point out where the nationalism is in the article. ] (]) 14:02, 27 October 2008 (UTC)

	East Iran has a frequency of R1a that doesn't mean its the origin of R1a. Respect science!] (]) 19:49, 27 October 2008 (UTC)

	You are attacking nationalism not us You say there is no country called Palestine what means u jew!
	Cadenas2008 = jew
	We originate J2, R1a & R1b European people & language come from Iran. Achamenid empire was in Mesopotamia its not from Iraqi people we spread J2 all jewish study try to make Iran look bad <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">—Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 16:09, 28 October 2008 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

	== has any author made a comment about the satem languages? ==

	I wonder if the genetics literature picked up the fact that both the Slavic language group and the Indo-Iranian are sometimes thought on linguistic grounds to have partaken of a single expansion. See ]. It is tempting to mention this but would other editors perhaps find that to be "]" or "]"? Perhaps someone has a reference to a valid source who noted this?--] (]) 18:06, 30 October 2008 (UTC)

	While it's definitely tempting to group the various IE branches based on the Centum/Satem isogloss, other isoglosses have been identified that sometimes suggest quite different groupings. So at the present time, there's no general agreement among linguists that Balto-Slavic and Indo-Iranian are particularly related beyond being both descendents of Proto Indo-European.] (]) 21:47, 14 January 2009 (UTC)

	== Origins in summary table ==

	Noting that the origins summary had exploded out of control in the little summary box, , in my mind as a compromise, to make a short statement which would cover every possible theory. So the entry went from...
	<blockquote>
	origin-place = ] or ] or ] region or southern ] or north ] or ] ] or south ] or ] or ].
	</blockquote>
	...which is just the latest manifestation of a series of long lists that no one can agree upon, to...
	<blockquote>
	origin-place = Somewhere in the band from ] to ].
	</blockquote>
	It is certainly not my intention that it has to be these exact short words. But I do really think we must restrict this to fewer words. Cosmos416 seems to be thinking in the same direction perhaps, but is tempted to still head back towards making a big list of possibilities. He ...
	origin-place = southern ] or ] or ] or ]
	...his remark when editing was: "We need a middle ground here. Think we should stick to the 4 regions where most Genetic studies have pointed to the origins of m17".
	So, here are my questions to editors of this article...

	1. In the article so far, I see two published origins theories. Are there others? The posting of Cosmos416 seems to suggest there is, so can someone please mention them? It would certainly make sense to me that with the population distribution of R1a like it is, that there must be theories about both extremities having come from somewhere more central. Anyway, my point is that it would be silly to try to fit all of this in the summary box, if no-one has put anything about it in the article itself?--] (]) 11:32, 31 October 2008 (UTC)

	2. Can anyone think of short words which cover the range of all areas which are mentioned in published theories?--] (]) 11:32, 31 October 2008 (UTC)


	:I think your jumpin the shark here. Your making assertions for other users that are quite baseless and hypocritical. First off, for the origin "] or ] or ] region or southern ] or north ] or ] ] or south ] or ] or ]" is the same one that has been around for a while, with a few additions on the way. Some that other users very fighting over, so I merged both to satisfy the 2 parties.

	:Secondly, you changed the origins to: "Somewhere in the band from ] to ]". And then in the following lines of the opening paragraph you added "Poles" into the lead. So.... the way you wrote it gives the impression it started in Poland, and made it's way eventually into India. That's biased.

	:So the reason I chose the format followed on other Haplogroup wiki pages for the "origin" section is to be neutral. I changed it to "southern ] or ] or ] or ]" because (Iran and Afghanistan, Pakistan and India) fit in with Central/ South Asia, you have mention of the Caucasus and Eastern Europe (Russia, Ukraine, Poland, Etc.)

	:And if you read through the article, you'll find most claims, esp the most recognizable one's are cited properly. Maybe it would be better if you could be more specific and state exactly where a citation is needed. ] 21:11, 31 October 2008

	::Hi, maybe I misunderstood indeed, but still, if I look in the article there are only two theories of origins which stick out: the Ukraine, which is a very specific part of Eastern Europe, and South Asia. If there are published theories about origins in the Western Caucasus or Central Asia, then why are they only mentioned in the box? Concerning Poland, it is only mentioned as a place where there is a high concentration, but I understand your point to some extent. On the other hand, doesn't your mention of South Asia extend the possible homeland out to Sri Lanka?
	::Would "Somewhere in the band from the ] to ]" cover all the places you mention?--] (]) 07:29, 1 November 2008 (UTC)

	:::I wrote.."Secondly, you changed the origins to: "Somewhere in the band from ] to ]". And then in the following lines of the opening paragraph you added "Poles" into the lead. So.... the way you wrote it gives the impression it started in Poland, and made it's way eventually into India. That's biased."

	:::So...."So the reason I chose the format followed on other Haplogroup wiki pages for the "origin" section is to be neutral. I changed it to "southern ] or ] or ] or ]" because (Iran and Afghanistan, Pakistan and India) fit in with Central/ South Asia, you have mention of the Caucasus and Eastern Europe (Russia, Ukraine, Poland, Etc.) - ] 17:22, 1 November 2008 (UTC)

	::::So are there exactly 4 published theories about the origins of R1a, or is that also controversial? Why are they not 4 theories discussed in the main article?--] (]) 17:35, 1 November 2008 (UTC)



	The tables need work! <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">—Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 06:40, 27 December 2008 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->


	This article remains a problem. There is a slow revert war going on between different parties most or all of whom apparently have no time to reference their work and put detailed information in the main article as it should be. So instead we get a mini revert war in the summary box. The summary box should be changed into a summary, and all these detailed claims should be expanded in the main text, providing that references are possible. If such referenced expansions are not possible, then what is this stuff doing in the summary box?--] (]) 09:11, 10 January 2009 (UTC)

	I agree entirely. I attempted to clean this article up and remove a lengthy quotation from a work by Oppenheimer, who was described in the most flattering terms. However keen one may be on the conclusions of a particular author, that does not warrant descriptions of them designed to convey a false impression. Nor is a lengthy quotation from any author warranted. An encyclopaedia article should attempt to summarise and use quotations sparingly. --] (]) 19:00, 12 April 2009 (UTC)

	I have removed once again the lengthy quotation from and flattering description of Oppenheimer. It is not Misplaced Pages practice. There are plenty of peer-reviewed studies by geneticists for and against the various theories of origins, which have been properly cited. The case for Indian origins is not strengthened by writing about one popular science writer (who is a trained paediatrician, not a geneticist) in the kind of terms that might be used by his publisher. --] (]) 19:18, 12 April 2009 (UTC)

	And I have removed this material again. Oppenheimer is '''not''', repeat '''not''' a "prominent Oxford scholar". He does not do research at Oxford. He does not teach at Oxford. He is not connected with Oxford in any capacity except as a former student there. The claim by his publisher is misleading and should not be repeated in Misplaced Pages. Nor should we provide lengthy quotations from popular works. Scholarly works from peer-reviewed journals are to be preferred and there are plenty available to make this particular case. --] (]) 17:11, 23 May 2009 (UTC)

	== The tables need work! ==

	I'd like to draw everyone's attention to the fact that there are easy ways to work with tables in, for example, a spreadsheet program and then convert. See http://en.wikipedia.org/Table_markup. --] (]) 17:20, 11 November 2008 (UTC)


	==Ashkenazi Jews==

	a term that was developed for Europeam Jews mostly from Germany. Since Germans can offer us only 8% of R1a and the Ashkenazi Jews are extremely nordids caused by intermixings, they have it at the same level. As Jews in general, they do not have any R1a HPg. I examined the articles but couldn´t found any words about them.--] (]) 22:16, 18 January 2009 (UTC)

	== banned user ==

	I have reverted the edits of ] who seems to be the banned ]. He is constantly falsifying sourced information (in this case, he changes the word '']'' to ''Afghan'', although the attached source (Wells et al.) explicitly states that the examined people were from the ] of ]. ] (]) 21:23, 23 February 2009 (UTC)

	Dude Where is it "sourced" Ishkashims are Tajiks?? You likely have problems in ur slanted eyes. Ishkashims are not Tajiks. See ] and ].

	==Kosovo as a independent state==
	Kosovo is according to the international law still integral part of Republic of Serbia and therefore cannot be cited as an independent state. <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">—Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 15:01, 10 April 2009 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->





	The R haplogroup has been hypothesized to come from around Iran, given the number of ultra-rare forms coming from this region. R1b, has peak frequency AND diversity in the Zagros mountains of Iran and through the fertile crescent region(ie, Iraq, Turkey). R1b1.......it's immediate derivative is found in extremely high frequencies, all throughout Europe. R1b1, is certainly a Neolithic marker, and it's distribution represents the migration/expansion of middle-eastern farmers into the European continent. With regards to R1a, it has been shown that microsattelite diversity is higher through the region of Eastern Iran, Northern India, and Pakistan (See Kivislid,2003). It is very reasonable to attribute this marker to proto-Scythians (although other groups were surely founded by R1a, as well), whom we know eventually settled around the present day area of Ukraine as R1a1 bearing Scythians (and whom probably are the Ancestors to modern day Eastern Europeans, and may be considered partial contributints to the spread of IE). Ukraine, may indeed be the founder of R1a1* (BUT not R1/or R1a), but this marker is probably meaningless with respect to it's historical significance. It's distribution is reminiscent of Scythian Movements, whom we know had late contact with the Iranic peoples and Northern Indians. <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">—Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 21:56, 16 June 2009 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
	==Fixed table==
	I fixed the lebanese R1(*R1A) percentage (In the table) after reading the source please notify me if I am wrong. Best regards ] (]) 00:59, 19 June 2009 (UTC)

	== South Asian Origin Theories and West Asian Origin theories - merge ==

	It is being presented here as if the two are seperate mutually exclusive theories. But they are actually one. For eg: Kivisild talks of South Asian and West Asian orgin together. I think they need to be merged into one section. Interestingly, what Kivisild says in the quotation and what is being attributed to him in the earlier paragraph are different. We should not be putting words into Kivisild's mouth ] (]) 04:48, 25 June 2009 (UTC)

	== Oppenheimer edit ==

	I've corrected the quote so that it is accurate (I've got the book). The book does not describe him as a geneticist, and so far as I have seen he doesn't call himself one, and in any case that's irrelevant because we link to the article so people can find out who he is and what he's written. We might want to credit, as he does, Kivisild -- I note by the way that the quote and the map don't agree now. ] (]) 21:00, 27 June 2009 (UTC)
	:I see the quote has been changed again, as I said, I've got the book in front of me and this changing of a quote really must stop. ] (]) 07:35, 28 June 2009 (UTC)
	::Hm, the editor changing it is the editor who added it. Cosmos416, are you saying that this is what you copied straight from the book? ] (]) 08:25, 28 June 2009 (UTC)
	{unindent}

	Here is what the Kivisild et al article (you can read it here ) says:

	"gene flow from castes to tribes thereafter. The most common Y-chromosomal lineage among Indians, R1a, also occurs away from India in populations of diverse linguistic and geographic affiliation. It is widespread in central Asian Turkic-speaking populations and in eastern European Finno-Ugric and Slavic speakers and has also been found less frequently in populations of the Caucasus and the Middle East and in Sino-Tibetan populations of northern China (Rosser et al. 2000; Underhill et al. 2000; Karafet et al. 2001; Nebel et al. 2001;Weale et al. 2001). No clear consensus yet exists about the place and time of its origins. From one side, it has been regarded as a genetic marker linked with the recent spread of Kurgan culture that supposedly originated in southern Russia/Ukraine and extended subsequently to Europe, central Asia, and India during the period 3,000¨C 1,000 B.C. (Passarino et al. 2001; Quintana-Murci et al. 2001; Wells et al. 2001). Alternatively, an Asian source (Zerjal et al. 1999) or a deeper Palaeolithic time depth of ¡«15,000 years before present for the defining M17 mutation has been suggested (Semino et al. 2000; Wells et al. 2001). Interestingly, the high frequency of the M17 mutation seems to be concentrated around the elevated terrain of central and western Asia." ] (]) 13:41, 28 June 2009 (UTC)

	== Two frequency maps ==

	Obviously it is silly to have two frequency maps. One needs to be chosen. SOPHIAN's map looks fine, but can he please explain how he sourced it? The level of detail does not exist in any survey I know of?--] (]) 12:33, 3 July 2009 (UTC)

	== Vikings/Romans question ==

	I asked and was told this:

	"HgR1a1 is a relatively frequent lineage in Norway, Shetland, Orkney 0and the Isle of Man, but rare in most mainland English and Welsh samples (Capelli et al. 2003) (Figure 3). The 'medieval' sample from West Lancashire shows a significant increase in the proportion of hgR1a1 with respect to its 'modern' counterpart (p=0.044, Fisher exact test), and for the Wirral samples the increase is close to significance (p=0.051). These observations seem compatible with a higher proportion of Viking lineages in the 'medieval' than in the 'modern' Wirral and West Lancashire samples."

	Note: "Medieval" in this context does not refer to ancient samples (fossils) but rather to individuals who met certain criteria such as having surnames "present in the relevant region prior to 1572".

	The frequency of R1a1 was higher in the "medieval" samples than the current ones in Wirral and West Lancashire - two locations in which "place names and archaeology show clear evidence of a past Viking presence."

	See figure 2 in the following article (1/49 (2%) present "West Lancs" had R1a1 sequences and 7/42 (17%) "medievals", etc.)
	Mol Biol Evol. 2008 Feb;25(2):301-9. Epub 2007 Nov 20 Excavating past population structures by surname-based sampling: the genetic legacy of the Vikings in northwest England, Bowden et. al. 2008

	See Table 1 in the following article (the frequency of R1a1 is slightly higher in the Shetland & Orkney samples than those of the
	British mainland):Current Biology, Volume 13, Issue 11, 979-984, 27 May 2003 A Y Chromosome Census of the British Isles, Capelli et al., 2003 ] (]) 19:41, 10 July 2009 (UTC)

	:Thank you for researching this question, Doug. This was the point I was attempting to make in a more fumbling fashion on the Viking talk page. So far the Capelli study seems the definitive take on things -- at least until something better comes along, it seems to me. ] (]) 19:55, 10 July 2009 (UTC)

	== New article possibly relevant ==

	See http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/9/154/abstract --] (]) 10:27, 11 July 2009 (UTC)

	== source ==

	{cite doi \|10.1080/03014460802558522 } .< The findings of the present study provide insights into prehistoric and early historic patterns of migration into India <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">—Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 23:38, 22 August 2009 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

	== The Spread of R1a. ==

	I recently edited the R1a page in Misplaced Pages. The page said that R1a was found in Southcentral Asia, as well as in Eastern Europe. I gave a description of the range and population ratios for both European and Asian R1a. Here is the exact section that I added. "The primary range of R1a encompasses Eastern, Central, and Northern Europe. In Southcentral Asia a pocket of R1a exists, but the range is limited to a much smaller geographical area. Due to the extreme population density in India and Pakistan, there are well over 100 million Southcentral Asians that carry the R1a lineage."

	This section gives a brief and factual description of the R1a lineage. My edit was undone by someone who said it was vandalism. Can someone please explain the definition of vandalism to me so I know how to avoid committing an act of vandalism in the future. Many of the other haplogroup pages in wikipedia are written in a similar fashion. <small><span class="autosigned">—Preceding ] comment added by ] (] • ]) 07:05, 25 August 2009 (UTC)</span></small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

	Please sign your remarks no talk pages. Why did you try to write the text in such a way as to pass off one of the highest percentage areas of R1a as a "pocket". That was the main thing you added or changed, right? Your implied excuse that the population density of the sub continent somehow justifies this is nonsense, because some of these areas have very high PERCENTAGE R1a, not just frequency. I do not necessarily agree with the word vandalism, but please note that this article has suffered greatly from people dropping by and trying to distort this article one way or another. This article needs to be a lot more neutral.--] (]) 08:38, 25 August 2009 (UTC)


	If you look at the map of the sread of R1a it clear that there is a "cooridor" between Russia and Southcentral Asia. At the Southcentral Asian end there is a "pocket", if you will, of R1a. R1a is not the domainant Y dna Haplogoup in these countries. You are sighting individual tribes There are no countries in Southcentral Aisia, except for Kyrgyzstan, that r1a reaches levels of more than 20%.] <small><span class="autosigned">—Preceding ] comment added by ] (] • ]) 17:34, 25 August 2009 (UTC)</span></small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

	== Major problems with this article ==

	As per Misplaced Pages policy (] this article needs bold pruning and restructuring. I'll be working on this, but please note I am not mainly aiming to remove or change materials, but to do a few things which should be uncontroversial:-
	*I will be removing redundancies, and there are many. In order to do this will require changing structure, because in some cases the same subject is being discussed in several sections.
	*I will be trying to fix up cases where the article says opposite things about the same subject in several different sections.
	*I will have to remove materials that are not about R1a, or that do not meet Misplaced Pages sourcing requirements. In some cases this will be unfortunate, but please do not take it personally. Perhaps there are ways to make new articles or find new sources which will lead to a happy solution later.
	I do fear based on past experience on this article that there are many occasional editors of this article who see various sections as their turf. This is precisely the reason that the article contains so many sections which cover the same subjects over and over, but say different things. However please be reasonable. This situation can not be accepted.--] (]) 08:43, 25 August 2009 (UTC)

	Some concrete proposals about structure:
	*All details about distribution to be moved out of intro and merged with distribution section.
	*Distribution section to be moved before Origins discussion, so that the flow of discussion will go from introduction to distribution (fairly basic) to discussion about the implications in the Origins section
	*Discussion of Origins to be moved out of all other sections and merged into Origins section--] (]) 08:46, 25 August 2009 (UTC)

	== R1a In Sothcentral Asia ==

	R1a is not a Dominant Haplogroup in Southcentral Asia. There are Tribal groups that have high percentages of R1a because they do not mix with other groups in the area. There are no countries in Southcentral Asia in which R1a reaches a much higher level than 20% except Kyrgyzstan. This article is written in such a way that would imply that R1a is a dominant Haplogroup in Southcentral Asia, when in reality, R1a only accounts for a small fraction of Southcentral Asian men. <small><span class="autosigned">—Preceding ] comment added by ] (] • ]) 17:48, 25 August 2009 (UTC)</span></small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

	Please sign your remarks on talkpages. The should indeed not say that R1a is '''dominant''' in South Asia or in Central Asia, and I do not think it ever has said that? It also should certainly not describe the strong presence in South Asia as a mere "pocket" or "small fraction". Be reasonable.--] (]) 20:03, 25 August 2009 (UTC)

	== South Asian R1a1 ==

	Within the general populations of central and south Asia R1a1 only reaches frequencies of 10-15%. To say that R1a1 reaches high frequencies in SouthCentral Asia is a misrepresentation. R1a1 only reaches high frequencies within tribal groups that do not interbreed with the general populations of Southcentral Asia. The correct terminology would be that there is a "significant presents" of R1a1 in Southcentral Asia, but to say that R1a1 reaches high frequencies in Southcentral Asia is an overstatement. The correct description is that R1a1 reaches high frequencies within certain tribal groups located in Southcentral Asia. You might just say that in Scotland R1a reaches a frequency of 100% because all the members of R1a1 live in the same neighborhood ; this would, of coarse, be a misrepresentation of the y Dna distribution in Scotland. If you use the term of a geographical area, such as, Southcentral Asia it is important to note that R1a1 does not reach high frequencies in this whole area. It would only be academically correct to use the term of the specific geographical area that R1a1 reaches these high levels. You could say that R1a1 Reaches high frequencies within a certain area of a country, or within a certain area of Southcentral Asia, but to say that R1a1 reaches high frequencies in Southcentral Asia would be false. Unless, by high, you mean 1 in 10. ].

	:No one is proposing to say that all of India simply has a high frequency, but it does have a significantly high frequency in large segments of the population. And indeed an overall frequency of 10% is indeed relatively high for any haplogroup. What you are proposing is to call this significant presence a "pocket", making it sound insignificant. We can't do that. Your proposals add very little and ONLY seem aimed to give a false impression. Please explain what was wrong with other versions of the article.--] (]) 07:41, 26 August 2009 (UTC)

	::Looking at your edit warring with Cosmos416, which you must stop, I see you are trying to insist also on a distinction between "tribes" in Central and Southern Asia (you are referring to data from various studies about all types of groups including geographical areas, castes, language spoken etc), while for Europe you are writing as if there are pure geographical haplogroup areas. In science we always write neutrally about "populations" where a population is a group that tends to inter-marry, whether they live in one place or not, and whether they share their region with others or not. And please note that complications coming from avoiding this will also be seen in the European data if you read it. For example Roma have much lower levels of R1a than Slavic speakers living in the same places, and Greek Macedonians have much higher levels than other Greeks.--] (]) 08:04, 26 August 2009 (UTC)

	== Maybe it's time for an update ? ==

	http://www.springerlink.com/content/4462755368m322k8/

	] (]) 13:19, 26 August 2009 (UTC)


	I think R1a has been found in several ancient samples, also in Europe. This can of course be mentioned, but please everyone try to put things ONCE into the correct part of the article.--] (]) 13:24, 26 August 2009 (UTC)


	:Well, English is not my mother tongue so I don't feel qualified to write it.
	:So if anyone want to do it, feel free to do it.

	:] 26 August 2009 (UTC)

	::I suggest asking Dienekes what he reckons. He might even suggest a text for you, and his English is fine. See http://dienekes.blogspot.com/ --] (]) 19:28, 26 August 2009 (UTC)

	:::.
	:::Hi, I won't pop up out of the blue and talk about that with someone I don't know...
	:::I'll let someone who master English and Misplaced Pages editting and ways, to do it. As you said,
	:::this article and its conclusions are interesting and meaningful. It is worthy to be mentionned.
	:::Someone familiar w/ wiki will probably do it. I don't think I can take care of it.
	:::As for the other thing you talked of, it's that stuff, right ?
	:::.
	::: http://polishgenes.blogspot.com/2008/11/ancient-corded-ware-dna-with-links-to.html
	:::.
	::: from there : http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2008/11/17/0807592105.abstract
	:::.
	:::] (]) 10:09, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	:::.
	:::.
	:::Also it would have to be paired with the fact that the specimen (almost exclusively associated with Y-DNA R1a1) from South Siberia () and Kazakhstan (*) had almost exclusively mtDNA haplogroups of west eurasian/european origin especially during bronze age (as far as 1,800 BC). If we link that with the europoid phenotypes with light-colored eyes and hair and pale skin of andronovo south siberians described in the recent article of human genetics
	:::((*) http://www.springerlink.com/content/4462755368m322k8/ - the full article gives informations about mtDNA hgs), that's meaningful and favors an European/west eurasian origin of these R1a1.
	:::Especially since no south Asian haplogroups are linked to the spread of R1a1, up to Europe.
	:::.
	:::Pretty meaningful, especially since such phenotypes are found where high frequency of R1a1 are found in Asia (like
	:::Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, east Afghanistan and north Pakistan) -> examples of such clearly europoid phenotypes in these regions of Asia that matches the description of south Siberians of Bronze age (Andronovo culture horizon - generally considered culturally Indo-iranian (and as such indo-european)),
	:::here : http://pastmist.wordpress.com/
	:::.
	:::Sounds important to me.
	:::.
	:::Both south Siberia and Kazakhstan of bronze age (and region south of it too) were of this Andronovo culture, and it was later the territory of the indo-iranian-speaking Sakas (Scythians) and the population is described as being typically Europoid during bronze age (both genetically and phenotypically, and yet basically exclusively R1a1). It fits well in the Kurgan hypothesis pattern. That's a big hint.
	:::.
	::: (**) http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1691686 (Unravelling migrations in the steppe: mitochondrial DNA sequences from ancient central Asians.)
	:::.
	:::] (]) 16:49, 29 August 2009 (UTC)

	You might also try googling Eulau and R1a. If I did not have to worry about what goes into the infobox I would definitely have preferred spending time on that! :) --] (]) 19:40, 30 August 2009 (UTC)

	== Excess Imagery? ==
	I was wondering, do we really need the clan Donald image, as well as the ones for refugium, and Slavic language distribution? I feel they actually clutter up the article and don't really add anything all that relevant to what the subject is all about. To be brutally honest the Clan Donald crest makes the article look tacky and somewhat nationalistic.] (]) 19:54, 27 August 2009 (UTC)Geog1

	:Others should say what they think, but I see no big reason to keep it.--] (]) 21:45, 27 August 2009 (UTC)

	Yeah...I removed the imagery as I figure by now if anyone was really interested they would have said something by now. ] (])Geog1 <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">—Preceding ] comment added 12:44, 28 August 2009 (UTC).</span><!--Template:Undated--> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

	== Tendentious edits by Cosmos416 ==

	I have noticed that over the past few days, this editor has made a number of tendentious edits to this article, mainly moving all "South Asia" subsections to the top of sections, and generally trying to subtly promote the Out-of-India meme as much as possible all the while assuming bad faith and not once participating on the talkpage. I have re-arranged the sections alphabetically, which to me seems to be the most neutral approach. Also, it is false to claim that the frequency of R1a reaches 45-72% among all North Indians, as is claimed in the infobox. Yet Cosmos has undone all my changes, including even this uncontroversial, mainly grammatical change to the lead, seemingly purely out of spite. --] (]) 06:31, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	:Athenean, your "grammatical change", like all your other recent edits, and like those of Cosmos, involved swapping the order of Europe and Asia. I guess Cosmos reacted to that? And of course you in turn reacted to his swapping of order, and so on. So let's not paint these edits as anything other that a revert war based entirely upon alphabetical order. Maybe you'll be appearing on this article soon: ]. This is a revert war either of you could stop at any time without any problem. I find it unbelievable that ''either'' of you would be making a point out of the alphabetical order! I can see that neither of you are vandals or newbies, but if these reverts continue I really think an admin has to be called in, because this is making it difficult to do normal editing. '''Please stop.''' The order is important at all, so leave it however you find it please.--] (]) 07:41, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	::Unlike Cosmos, I have no agenda to push on this article. I am as disinterested as you are. I am merely reacting to the ceaseless POV-pushing by this individual, which has been plaguing this article for a long time now. Just look at the article history and his contribs log. As for my grammatical change, I should have called it "stylistical": Since R1a is found among most of the Eastern European population but only certain populations in South Asia, "found at high frequencies in most of Eastern Europe and parts of Central Europe and certain populations in Central and South Asia." has better flow than the previous wording. As for the order things appear in, I became incensed by Cosmos' subtle POV-pushing. You might see nothing wrong with it, but given his editing history, I saw his attempts to continuously push South Asia to the top of every sub-section as subtle POV-pushing. The difference between my edits and his are that I have no agenda here, and my edits are solely aimed at improving the article. Lastly, I find it ironic that I get lambasted, even though I'm the only one who actually bothered to open a talkpage thread, while he has NEVER to date participated in this article's discussion. --] (]) 09:33, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	:::Why bother reacting if it is not important and you have no "agenda"? Your edits certainly can not be described as neutral edits just aimed at a better flow. You were behaving in exactly the same way as you complain about Cosmos. If you don't want to be criticized for that, then there is an easy solution.--] (]) 09:52, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	::::Why bother reacting to POV-pushing, however subtle? Why bother taking part in this discussion more like. --] (]) 09:56, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	:::::If it is worth accusing alphabetical ordering of being a form of "subtle" POV pushing, then you have been doing it. Of course you think you are excused because you were doing it as a "reaction". But I'd say it arguably makes it worse. At least Cosmos can argue he was trying to find a harmless neutral method of deciding the sequence, while you can not really claim this because you openly state that you see this type of re-ordering as a way of getting in a POV.--] (]) 10:21, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	::::::But he ''didn't'' arrange things alphabetically, ''I'' did. Sheeesh. All he did was place "South Asia" at the top of every subsection. How is that alphabetical? And to accuse me of POV-pushing is simply silly. Which POV did I push? Care to explain? On the other hand, judging from his contribs log, Cosmos is an Out-of-India-promoting SPA, who is hell-bent on pushing the POV that R1a (along with the ]) originated in South Asia. Look at the article history and our contribs logs before passing judgement. In this case, reverting his edits was the right thing to do. In any case, it seems this discussion is going nowhere and is completely pointless, so I will recuse myself. --] (]) 10:30, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	LOL Like I said...Your making threats and POV pushing with your incorrect assertions of the figures, Trying to have an Eastern Europe origin and YOU DON'T EVEN KNOW THE ALPHABET or YOUR ARE PERPETUATING VANDALISM (i.e Your edits with the Central Asia, Then Eastern Europe, The South Asia LOL ) Let's see here, main Region is Asia (southern part) and somehow the eastern part of Europe is ether Sandwich in between or ahead????

	Another LIE I caught you on...Saying I'm trying to Push for a case of Indian origin of Proto-Indo-Europeans?? Show me WHERE I said that= SHOW ME. Your just full of Lies. ] 13:12, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	:::::::I am pretty familiar with the editing history of this article, and I've done a lot of work on it at different times. The edit wars keep me away for periods of course, but it has been on my watchlist, waiting for a free moment. On the other hand, I think your reply above may not have been written with a carefully considered examination of the recent editing and what I was saying about it. Anyway, I am requesting that no one do edit wars based on alphabetical ordering. It is very disruptive, and not worth it.--] (]) 10:53, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	First let me just say that I think alot of progress has been made in regards to the quality of this article. I think most of the POV has been taken out (or at least the most obvious) and the format has improved with lesser bloc quotes, better flow, and removal of some redundant points.

	That aside I do feel like there is still some things left to work on here both in the article and how we conduct ourselves here on Misplaced Pages. In terms of the article content, really there are just a few studies that are not mentioned regarding R1a's distribution and temporal appearance in some regions. Perhaps the most obvious thing that needs to be included is a section on all the latest ancient DNA findings but it appears that has been discussed already so kudos and hope to see some progress here soon.

	On the other hand there has been alot of POV pushing here that has lead to many snearing remarks and unfortunate edit warring at the 3rd grade level of maturity. I won't bother naming names here again but some of those mentioned (in this section and in others) I did feel were pretty much pushing their most cherished theories and behaved in an extremely poor manner (seriously you're not the cooler or even more logical if you're putting exclamation marks after all your comments). All I can say is that I hope the behaviour of some people here improves and that the quality of articles continues to also improve. ] (]) 13:14, 28 August 2009 (UTC)Geog1

	:FWIW I just analysed my own edits, which I notice Cosmos just objected to for breaking his alphabetical ruling, and what I see I've been doing in this article is following the map from left to write, in the same way we read in English. To me that seems "logical" but I am not going to start reverting people about it.--] (]) 16:56, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	Athenean and Geog1 seem to follow the classic patterns here...THEY HAVE AN AGENDA. ] 13:12, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	:Uh yeah sure Cosmos (gimme a break)...just to be perfectly clear Andrew, my remarks we're geared to you about logic. Just setting the record straight. My remarks apply generally to anyone who had an agenda.] (]) 17:49, 28 August 2009 (UTC)Geog1

	: Oh by the way, nice use of caps locks. Your constant use of them and exclamation marks definitely does not make you look crazy in any way. Not.] (]) 18:11, 28 August 2009 (UTC)Geog1
	::Gave Cosmos a 3RR warning, take care all. ] (]) 18:19, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	== article worth looking at ==

	If anyone has a copy, can someone e-mail me one? http://www.springerlink.com/content/l4625753377x621t/ --] (]) 09:50, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	== R1a South and Central Asia ==

	The actual percentages of R1a in South and Central Asia are unclear. There are many groups within South and Central Asia that have very high frequencies of R1a. Sources that I have seen suggest that R1a in India accounts for 15-20% of the male population.

	"South Asia typically consists of Bangladesh, Bhutan, the Republic of India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Some definitions may also include Afghanistan, Myanmar, Vietnam, Tibet, the British Indian Ocean Territories and Iran."

	Central Asia is defined like this. "Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. Other areas are often included such as Mongolia, Afghanistan, most of Pakistan, north-eastern Iran, north-western India, and western parts of the People's Republic of China such as Xinjiang. South-western and middle China such as Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu and Inner Mongolia, and southern parts of Siberia may also be included in Central Asia."

	I have seen different statistics on the percentage of R1a in Pakistan, but the pub med article that I sighted earlier said that in their sample R1a accounted for 25%.
	If you look at this map and the map on the R1a page. It looks like there is a thin stream of R1a that goes through Central Asia and rapidly decreases to either side. Furthermore the map on the R1a web page clearly shows that R1a only exists in the far North of India. The map illustrates that most of South and Central Asia is absent R1a. According to the world Haplogroups Map R1a accounts for 30-40% in North India and 5% in the South. Kyrgyzstan is shown as being 30-40%. Persia or Iran is shown to be 15% or more, which is also the figure given for Iran on Eupedia. Uzbeks are shown to 15% or more. Kazakhstan is shown to be 5%. Tibet is also shown to be 5%. If you factor in what would be the Russian part of Central Asia, those populations are shown to be 25%.

	I have looked at all of the Asian listings that Andrew Lancaster listed on the R1a wikipedia web sight and they clearly show that R1a frequencies vary from 70% in some South and Central Asian groups to Zero in others. I have seen sources on India and Pakistan that indicate frquencies of 15-20% in India and 25% in Pakistan. I have not seen any sources on the total percentage in Afghanistan. To me it looks like R1a accounts for anywhere from 15-25% of the South and Central Asian populations depending on what Geographical areas you factor in.

	It seems to me that their are still conflicting opinions in the academic community on this subject. I am sure as time progresses more information will be available on R1a in South an Central Asia.--] (]) 10:22, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	::I think the estimates you come up with are too low, and you should not use Misplaced Pages itself as a source in these discussions, but anyway, what are you proposing? The above still would not justify writing that R1a is only found in isolated pockets in Asia!--] (]) 10:47, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	:::Refer to the talk and edit histories of Athenean, and Geog1 specifically. They are connected with some editiors who are known as Crazy Kurganists. Countless edits with Eurocentric views, hell bent on perpetuating hoax's and presenting misleading views and facts. The evidence is in the countless studies. Stop with this one sided, censorship views, cause right will win over wrong.

	:::These editiors have be making threats and POV pushing with incorrect assertions of the figures. Trying to have an Eastern Europe origin and YOU DON'T EVEN KNOW THE ALPHABET or YOUR ARE PERPETUATING VANDALISM (i.e Your edits with the Central Asia, Then Eastern Europe, and South Asia LOL )

	:::Let's see here, main Region is Asia (southern part) and somehow the eastern part of Europe is ether Sandwiched in between or ahead of Central and South Asia??? Dosen't make any sense- Keep that in mind when you put your foot in your mouth. I will always be here protecting the integrity of Misplaced Pages, Regardless. ] 12:13, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	::::Hmmm how come only 2 studies ENTIRELY with Figures for the Ukraine and Russia???? There are several separate ones that says Indian origin alone.

	Folks this is a text book example here of lunatic fringe on Misplaced Pages: constant edit warring, inflametory remarks, poor grammar and spelling (all out of an emotional state akin to a child), heavy duty agenda (in this case ] inspired) and false accusations (I've actually never edited any of the figures in any of the haplogroup articles accounting for percentages within populations). So that would make you the liar essentially. Thanks Cosmos for being such a poster child on Misplaced Pages for bad behaviour.] (]) 18:08, 28 August 2009 (UTC)Geog1



	(1) The R1a lineage forms around (35–45%) among ALL THE CASTES in ] population (500,000,000)--> (Tha's 500 MILLION) from (Namita Mukherjee et al. 2001) - That would make North India the Biggest Population of R1a1 is the World (upto 225,000,000).

	(2) India (Indo-European Upper Castes) were found to have an average of (45.35%)R1a (Sengupta et al.)(2005), among the high caste Bengalis from West Bengal like Brahmins and Kshatriyas (72%), Uttar Pradesh Brahmins (67%), Bihar Brahmins (60%), Punjab (47%)

	(3) High Frequency among Tribals and Isolated populations have found high frequencies in several South Indian Dravidian-speaking tribes including the ] (26%) and Valmikis of Andhra Pradesh and the Kallar of Tamil Nadu suggesting that M17 is widespread in tribal southern Indians.

	(4) Pakistan has shown an Average of 30%-58%, Nepal 69% among Hindu's.

	Where is the pool of studies??? I only see 2 sources (One is like 10 years old data) saying anything on Russian or Ukraine Figures?? Smaller sample sizes in most cases. I would like to see the figures among Russian Mongols and other East Asian, Middle Easterns who have been in Russia for hundred, if not thousands of years (documented)...Russia is so big, it's stretches from Asia and Europe to North America. You think were really suppose to believe they're all 47% R1a1?? THAT's HILARIOUS.

	I mean. Ccoooommmee oonnn. ] 12:24, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	:I think we all have to keep it in mind that this field is difficult to work on in Misplaced Pages. It moves too quickly, so what books and reviews exist are often terribly out of date, and therefore we end up collecting data from primary sources. The problem with this is that ALL these articles we are citing are poor sources, just a single perspective. There are things that can be criticised in all of them. So, having noted that we are build castles on sand foundations, none of us should be acting like we have lots of solid facts. We need to write in an unambitious way, not claiming to much for ANY theory. If I look at what studies we have for central Eurasia I do at least get the impression that Eastern consistently shows R1 around 50% in different studies, whereas results in Asia still vary widely. So we should not criticize Jamesdean too much for saying what he says about Europe, or about raising questions about the Indian data. I spent a chunk of today looking at all the Indian data and trying to come up with a short way of summarizing it for the infobox without committing "original research" and it beat me. (So I've removed the %s from that particular place in the article.) It is hard to generalize by region, area or language without basically repeating the whole dataset. Having said that we are lucky that very recently the level of Indian data has built up a lot. There is not way we can say R1a is in isolated tribal pockets. Jamesdean is wrong about that and he think he has too get more used to the data.--] (]) 16:53, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	I do agree -I would just like to stress that North India does has a population 500 Million and is R1a1 dominant, (35-45%) of all castes so all I hope is that taken in consideration. And Brahmins regardless of location have been extremely high frequencies. I just don't want any special positioning to give it a misleading picture. ] 12:24, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	:Understood and agreed, but let's focus on that instead of guessing what agendas people have. Let's just look at what is in the text itself, and the sources we use. Coming to Sharma, when using the biggest data set they had for India they summarised the biggest haplogroups as follows "R1a1* (21.1%), H1 (19.1%), R2 (10.5%), O (10.1%), L (9.5%), J/J2 (8.3%) and F (6.9%)". That is a cut and paste. I agree that this does not tell the whole story, but let's not go beyond the facts here.--] (]) 18:25, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	This Wells' study says Eastern part of Iran is 35%. It was added to the Western Asian part as it seems relevant to the whole "desert prevented the gene flow" discussion. <small><span class="autosigned">—Preceding ] comment added by ] (] • ]) 21:28, 1 September 2009 (UTC)</span></small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

	== The actual number of Asians carrying R1a has nothing to do with the frequency. ==

	Andrew Lancaster stated that it was important to note that R1a is carried by an extremely large number of Asians.

	The Percentages of R1a in Central and South are disputable. What is not disputable is that South Asia had far fewer people just decades ago. From 1991-2001 the population of India increased by 21%. This is a ridiculously fast pace of population growth for a Country that is already extremely overpopulated. Pakistan is even more densely poplulated. These countries have a major population control issue.

	Numbers of males belonging to R1a in these areas have dramatically increased over the last century. R1a likely was at a range of 15-20% in these areas a century ago as it is today. The population of India has more than tripled in the last 50 years.

	To say that, just because, these areas have an extreme population explosion problem that they are the origin of R1a is ridiculous. I would characterize Central and South Asia as having major overpopulation problem but not as have high levels of R1a within those populations.

	The actual number of men carrying the R1a lineage in South and Central Asia is not relevant, the Percentage of males carrying the R1a lineage is, when describing areas of High Frequency of R1a.--] (]) 20:56, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	:Please read more carefully sir. I did not state that at all. If you continue to be so messy with reading other peoples' arguments, people may start to think you are pretending not to understand, perhaps that you are making stories up, and this will not help you in any way. Read the messages again and restate your position. Also see ]. Experienced editors have seen this 1000 times, so give up on any idea that you have a great new idea that others will not see through. I appreciate your interest in this subject and I predict you'll get your knowledge across better if you think through what it means to be working in a team of people who do not know each other.--] (]) 21:03, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	Andrew Lancaster wrote.
	"No one is proposing to say that all of India simply has a high frequency, but it does have a significantly high frequency in large segments of the population. And indeed an overall frequency of 10% is indeed relatively high for any haplogroup. What you are proposing is to call this significant presence a "pocket", making it sound insignificant. We can't do that. Your proposals add very little and ONLY seem aimed to give a false impression. Please explain what was wrong with other versions of the article."--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 07:41, 26 August 2009 (UTC)

	Andrew look at what you wrote. You said "And indeed an overall frequency of 10% is indeed relatively high for any haplogroup." (Andrew Lancaster)

	10% does not mean high freqency. You could say that R1a is present in populations of Asia.

	Andrew. The fact is that South and Central Asia are extremely overpopulated and R1a is carried by a SMALL FRACTION of South and Central Asians so stop writing the R1a is at High Frequency in South, Central, and West Asia. Maybe you just do not understand the defenition of High Frequency or the definition of South and Central Asia. I think you need to futher you education so that you will better understand the defenitions of the words.--] (]) 21:40, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	I agree that an overall frequency of 10% is indeed relatively high for any haplogroup.
	20% to 30% is remarkably high. 40% to 50% is very high indeed. --] <small>]</small> 21:57, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	== Jamesdean, our newby ==

	I want to welcome Jamesdean, and assume his good faith. See ]. I do not want him to think criticisms of his edits are "personal". I would like to ask other editors of this article to put down their tools and help by commenting in a neutral way on this edit: . I do not need people to agree with me, but there should be a distinction made between personal attacks and reasonable "good faith" edits, which I think is what my reverted edit was. Am I wrong?--] (]) 21:21, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	Yes, please, by all means someonelese join in, this discussion is getting boring very quickly. Andrew is stuck on the notion that R1a reaches high frequency, throughout Central, South, and West Asia even though it cearly does not.--] (]) 21:46, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	Jamesdean3295, you are edit-warring over an infobox. Andrew is doing nothing of the sort you claim, he is trying to give a decent summary for the purposes of the infobox. Focus on the article body please. --] <small>]</small> 21:54, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	I agree this is a somewhat petty dispute if we were having this conversation in a coffee shop.
	Info Box or not this is an international Encyclopedia. Stick to the facts. R1a is not present in high frequencies in South, Central, and West Asia. R1a reaches high frequencies in Countries like Poland 56%, Ukraine 54%, and Russia 47%, but not in countries like India 20%+, Pakistan 15-30% (depending on the source you look at), or Iran 15%, nor does R1a average high frequencies in all of South, Central, and Western Asia (If you factor in all the populations of these geographical areas, R1a would likely be present in less than 15% of the population of South Asia, Probably no more than 25% of Central Asians, and certainly less than 10% of West Asian or Middle Eastern people if you will). The point is not, an argument over an info box. The point is academic integrity and obviously there is no academic integrity on this sight.--] (]) 23:13, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

	:Academic integrity? Please come back down to Earth. My proposal is to remove ALL the percentages, just from the infobox, in order to avoid silly debates about WHICH percentages to put there. If we allow any percentages then everyone immediately becomes understandably concerned about cherry picking, and indeed your selection of figures is cherry picking and one of the worst proposals so far. How is academic integrity furthered by filling the infobox with a summary of the whole article?--] (]) 06:09, 29 August 2009 (UTC)

	If you where going to list percentages, the correct way to do it would be to list the highest first. I guess you could list percentages by tribes, but I think by the country is the best way. The list should look something like this.
	Poland 56%, Ukraine 50%, Russia 46%, Belarus 45%, Slovakia 40%, Latvia 40, Lithuania 38, Kyrgyzstan 30-40%, Czech Republic 34%, Estonia 32, Hungary 32%, Coatia 29%, Norway 28%, Austria 26%, Sweden 23.5%, Iceland 23%, Romania 22%, India 15-22%, Pakistan 15-30%, Iran 15%.

	The point is that only the coutries with the highest Percentages need to be listed I would stop at Belarus.
	--] (]) 08:53, 29 August 2009 (UTC)

	Jd3, once again, this is too complex for the infobox. By all means list your percentages to your heart's content, but do it in the article body, not the infobox. Thanks. --] <small>]</small> 12:57, 29 August 2009 (UTC)

	I agree that is way too many listings for an info box. That is why you really cannot list South and Central Asian countries in the Info Box, because by the time you get to India or Pakistan you would have to list 20 countries with higher frequencies of R1a before these countries. There are not any countries in south Asia that surpass 20%. In Central Asia you could list Kyrgyzstan 30-40%, and Maybe Afghanistan.
	If you were to list South and Central Asians you would have to do it by Tribe.

	By the way does anyone know what the Frequency of r1a is in Afghanistan? <small><span class="autosigned">—Preceding ] comment added by ] (] • ]) 17:26, 29 August 2009 (UTC)</span></small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

	Please sign your posts! In answer:
	*1. Please stop the silliness about Asians being in tribes. These are not just small isolated tribes. These are very large populations with very high R1a levels whether looked at by geographical region (northern regions tend to have more), or caste (Brahmins tend to have more) or language group (indo-european speakers tend to have more).
	*2. Please stop pretending not to understand that ANY attempt to cherry pick a few percentages will be controversial. All the studies we have give different answers, and of course as you yourself understand you are not comparing like with like when you compare "Sorbs" with "Uttar Pradesh Brahmins" for example. In order to explain the Asian information requires taking up more space, and so you are just leaving it out, giving a very false impression.
	*3. I know of no study of Afghanistan, but looking at studies of surrounding countries it is likely that the Hazara have low R1a levels while the other peoples have very high levels. It is likely that most of Central Asia and Northern South Asia has very high levels on the whole.--] (]) 09:25, 30 August 2009 (UTC)

	==Indo-Europeans==
	Common Sense

	Which of the two following versions is more logical to assume?

	1. Version one: The Indo-Europeans originated in India and for some reason left that warm, beatiful country, crossed the Hindukush mountains, entered the cold steppes and went mostly in ONE direction all the way to Iceland (and did not go at all to much closer Indo-China or Iraq).
	And note, although originating in India, these people were not for some reason physically resembling the majority of their neighbors, the Dravidians)then, immediately after, before these people got mixed with local Indian Dravidians, they left for Europe and became the ancestors of the Poles, Ukrainians, and others, who do not have any noticeable Dravidian features.

	2. Version two: The Indo-Europeans formed in the Ukrainian refuge after the last Ice Age, domesticated the horse in the Ukrainian steppes, and then started to move in ALL directions - Greece, Italy, Scandinavia, as well as to the East. And the Eastern direction became the longest-reaching, but quite easy for the horsemen horde (and many horse-riding people crossed these steps afterwards in various directions). Upon reaching Afghanistan (and perhaps stopping for a while in Tajikistan-Afghanistan), these people learned about rich and beautiful India situated behind the mountains and decided to invade it en masse. There as time went by they mixed to some degree with locals becoming little more southern-looking.

	In my opinion, the second version is far more plausible. History knows no examples of Indians making conquests/expansions outside their subcontinent. Their land is able to support prodigious populations, as we can all see, and no-one would risk their lives abroad if it was possible to live in India. On the other hand, India was constantly invaded by outsiders from the North - Mongols (Moghuls), Arabs and their successor Islamic states, Afghans etc. And the Russians would surely invade too if the British were not already there and did not stop them in the so-called Great Game (early 20th century).
	Also, another food fot thought. I would rather believe a typically Indian-looking person who tells me he is half-Polish half-Dravidian, than a typically Polish-looking person, who would tell me he is a half-non-Dravidian-Indian. Several half-Indian-half-English people I know of could pass for a Mediterranean people, but not for Poles.

	--] <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">—Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 16:52, 31 August 2009 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

	:Please! We are not here to argue about our own personal theories but only to make a neutral text describing what mainstream publications say right now. You can find many internet forums for the debating of personal theories.--] (]) 19:04, 31 August 2009 (UTC)
	::quite apart from the fact that this article isn't about Indo-Europeans, it is about a haplogroup. Of course the Indo-Europeans originated in the Pontic-Caspian steppe. If evidences shows that R1a originates in India after all, the conclusion is simply that R1a distribution is unrelated to PIE expansion. Stop the implicit linking of genetics to languages. This is all one big non sequitur. Discuss genetics, or find a more appropriate article for your interests. --] <small>]</small> 19:27, 31 August 2009 (UTC)

	:::Dab, backing you up, but making sure that no one gets the wrong idea, we also do not want to ''suppress'' valid references about any potential Indo European links to R1a: we can mention ''well referenced'' ideas, and ''link'' to ''other'' Misplaced Pages articles where appropriate, and of course we are not editing on the basis that the Pontic Caspian theory is the ''only'' one for IE origins.'' No one'' at all is arguing those things. The idea is not to suppress anything or overstate anything. Neutrally speaking, as someone who does not only read the articles I like, R1a could have originated anywhere between Western Europe and China. It might even originate in the Middle East. No neutral reading of the literature can bring us to any more detail yet FOR WIKIPEDIA, although I love a good internet forum debate as much as the next person.--] (]) 20:14, 31 August 2009 (UTC)
	::::of course -- any quotable source arguing for a PIE-R1a connection is welcome, just as any quotable source placing R1a origin in India is welcome. But, authors arguing for a ''combination'' of these will be rather rare, and connecting two hypotheses that are not connected in our sources, viz, implying that R1a may be connected to PIE ''and'' originate in India, will be ]. I understand these are two mutually exclusive possibilities, both of them arguable, but hardly arguable in combination. If argued in combination, that would be a ] and would need excellent attribution. R1a may have originated pretty much anywhere, I agree. Its distrbution may be ''partially'' due to IE expansion. But R1a also originated sigificantly earlier than PIE, so it is perfectly arguable that ''some'' of its distribution is due to IE expansion while some isn't. Anything that's in our RS, but don't combine individual RS to imply something that isn't claimed in any single RS. --] <small>]</small> 21:26, 31 August 2009 (UTC)

	== Question checking opinion of editors of this article ==

	Sanity check: is there anyone at all who can see any good argument type of edit which Jamesdean keeps making?--] (]) 05:57, 4 September 2009 (UTC)
	*I have ceased to expect any sort of useful contribution from Jamesdean3295. They are disruptive and out of line, and by now they are just distracting people from doing actual work on the article. --] <small>]</small> 11:04, 4 September 2009 (UTC)
	::My reason for calling for opinions is indeed to clear the way for editing without being too worried about the one edit his account seems to keep making. I am going to treat it as disruptive editing and consider myself as having everyone's backing. So if anyone sees it otherwise please say so.--] (]) 10:24, 7 September 2009 (UTC)

	== Eastern_European_Origin_Theories section addition follow-up ==

	From there : http://en.wikipedia.org/User_talk:Waggg#R1a_article

	*''"But once again we do not have to say everything that was in the cited article, only what is relevant to R1a"''

	I agree, but I think this is relevant to R1a1 because it associates clearly this hg, in that population (almost exclusively R1a1), with an European phenotype, hinting clearly the origin of the population - Which is the point of that particuliar section. It's not like the section is oversized.
	''"This culture showed signs of having migrated from Europe"'' is not specific enough, it could be understood as being some sort of archeological reference, by the readers, while the clue is actually in the nature itself of the population (in the results of the DNA testing).

	*Also, I think the date (2009) sould be added.

	*You also removed the percentages which IMO are '''pretty meaningful, especially in their historical context'''.

	*I also think this should be added somewhere : ''"The current Indian R1a1 haplotypes are practically indistinguishable from Russian, Ukrainian, and Central Asian R1a1 haplotypes, as well as from many West and Central European R1a1 haplotypes."'' from : http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2733/version/1

	What's with the minimalist approach ?

	] (]) 16:59, 7 September 2009 (UTC)

	:Well, now that you seem to have control of the steering wheel, why not try again on the article? My advice: take it slowly. This article gets a lot of arguments which blow up bigger than they should have been.--] (]) 17:54, 7 September 2009 (UTC)

	Actually what I would suggest here is moving all this stuff into an Ancient DNA section. It could read something like this:

	Haplogroup R1a has been reconstructed from the ancient skeletal remains of individuals within the following prehistoric archaeological cultural contexts:

	Corded Ware Horizon
	Urnfield Culture
	Andronovo Horizon
	Scythian Era Central Asia

	I think Dupuy (2006) and Kasperaviciute (2004)are more appropriate alternatives (or rebuttals) to Luca's stance.

	] (]) 23:36, 7 September 2009 (UTC)Geog1

	Perhaps, but shouldn't we try to stick to the regional breakdown structure already in the article? If we do not, then I think we risk redundancies developing, because editors will rightfully want to mention these finds in the "origins" discussions.--] (]) 08:11, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

	Well that was kinda my point: to separate the ancient DNA studies from the modern. My justification is that most of the origin sections are based on modern DNA so naturally we're talking about two different methodologies. The ancient DNA studies are just coming out and the data isn't really sufficient enough to confirm or negate any origin theory. Also I'm not sure if any of these studies really directly oppose the Slavic migration (not language spread) hypothesis for R1a per se. The unpublished dissertation, which reconstructs the R1a hg from a male in the Urnfield culture is relegated to the Lichensteinhole site, which is not in the territory of the Czech Republic or historically Slavic speaking regions. Luca's stance was based on the territory of the Czech Republic. Likewise Haak's data is from Germany and unless I've made a mistake, the way the section is currently written may not be conveying what researches have written/proposed. The only study that is remotely contradicted I believe is that whole "Vistula Barrier" unpublished dissertation but I don't even think that info was represented accurately and that stance has been taken out of most of the articles (never really belonged to begin with). Finally all the cultural contexts from which the R1a hg has been found should be included in the write ups. I'm just trying to maintain the integrity of the articles here.] (])Geog1 <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">—Preceding ] comment added 02:14, 9 September 2009 (UTC).</span><!--Template:Undated--> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

	:.
	:Indeed. Personally, I think it fits more in the origin theories section since it hints to the origin of dispersion.
	:In the meantime :
	:in order to prevent the adding/removing/adding/removing game, I'll post the content here before and you'll tell me if it can be posted.
	:.
	:here it is :
	:---------
	:A European origin of R1a1 has also been argued as a result of a 2009 study on the remains of a population part of the ] (strongly supposed to have been culturally ]) of South ] (ref).
	:The population was found to be almost exclusively R1a1 and associated with west eurasian mtDNA haplogroups, in a proportion as large as 90% during the ] period. The DNA testing also allowed to establish that this population was majoritarily having blue (or green) eyes, fair skin and light hair, hinting even more of an original European origin.
	:These results are consistent with 2004 genetic tests that had concluded that the population of ], during the bronze and iron age timeframe, was overwhelmingly of west eurasian origin (ref).
	:---------
	:I also think at the end, something like this sentence should be added : "All the previous informations coupled with Anatole Klyosov's claim that "''The current Indian R1a1 haplotypes are practically indistinguishable from Russian, Ukrainian, and Central Asian R1a1 haplotypes, as well as from many West and Central European R1a1 haplotypes.''" are strongly supportive of a "recent" eastern European origin of all the R1a1 found in Eurasia. (ref : http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2733/version/1) "
	:.
	:I do think the part on kazakhstan has to be there because it shows the 2009 results are not some isolated population, it hints that it was the general profile of the populations of these regions during that ancient time period which makes the results about this R1a1 population gloabally meaningful (and as such important for that section).
	:.
	:Not being an english-speaking person, don't hesitate to correct my style too.
	:.
	:] (]) 09:38, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

	::I'll try to get some of that in, but I would have though Anatole's comment is already reflected in the introduction to the Origins section:--] (]) 09:58, 8 September 2009 (UTC)
	{{Quotation\|R1a's origins remain disputed. It presumably originated somewhere in the Eurasian landmass, where it is most commonly found today. There are two focuses of high frequency of R1a, one in South Asia, near North India, and the other in Eastern Europe, in the area of the Ukraine. On the one hand, the highest frequency level observed in any large population so far has been found in some South Asian groups. On the other hand it has been claimed that the highest diversity is measured in the Balkans and that Indian R1a appears to be an offshoot of European R1a.\|current version}}

	:::I've tried to rearrange the whole section to fit some more of this in. Comments?--] (]) 10:29, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

	:::.
	:::I guess you're right. Forget about Klyosov.
	:::It could be Ok, but it doesn't mention the fact that the mtDNA hgs were 90% of west eurasian origin. What 's wrong with that information ? it is linked to that (almost exclusively) r1a1 population, isn't it ? and help to define it as well as west Eurasian in nature.
	:::I thought you agreed about the mention of the phenotypes too ?
	:::] (]) 10:33, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

	::::Actually I put Klyosov in. I have not listed out all the evidence for why people think the Andronovo people came from the West, because we could list lots of things. Why would hair and eye colour be so important? I think it is better to say that there is evidence, and if you want more details on Misplaced Pages maybe do that on the ] article?--] (]) 10:56, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

	:::.
	::::''"I have not listed out all the evidence for why people think the Andronovo people came from the West, because we could list lots of things"''
	:::.
	::::We're talking more specifically of the 2009 study though, which is the one directly linked with R1a1. It makes sense to define clearly the evidences linking these R1a1 to the European area. That's the point of this section.
	:::.
	::::About the numbers (90%), it makes it unequivocally from an eastern Europe origin. The current sentence could mean 45 % or 65 % of these markers are "European".
	::::honestly I don't understand why you're so reticent to evoke the high majority of it, specifying that it was during bronze age (especially meaningful historically speaking).
	:::.
	::::Phenotypes : why important ?
	:::.
	::::A certain number of the mtDNA hgs can be found elsewhere, even if they're largely found in Europe (e.g. U2, T, IIRC) and that most are typically European (mtDNA U4, U5 and H5a, I believe, for instance). The phenotypes leave no doubt whatsoever about the origin of the population. This section's purpose is to try to prove an eastern Europe origin.
	:::.
	::::] (]) 11:12, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

	:::::Any discussion of other types of evidence, if we started to include it, should not be restricted to a few side remarks in an article about genetics. For better or worse it is all or nothing, because including only part will make the article look biased. And this would expand quickly. Look at the history of this article's edits and you'll see what happens. People who think India is the most likely origin for R1a will want to balance the article by putting in more data from the many studies which make that case. Using hair and eye colour, or even mitochondrial DNA all have theoretical problems which can be discussed at length. (So the phenotypes do absolutely leave doubt, sorry. The modern distribution of blue eye and red hair may be quite different to the prehistoric one.) We have to stick to what is relevant, and always try to keep the size and focus of the article in mind, as well as trying to remember that we have to keep neutral and think about what other people might think is not neutral.--] (]) 11:53, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

	::::::.
	::::::''"only part will make the article look biased"''
	::::::.
	::::::I do think refusing to state clearly the proportion (at least with a word such as "overwhilmingly" which is the plain truth and as such undisputable by anyone, Indian or not) of these genetic markers of west eurasian origin is actually '''biased'''. As if you're refusing to admit it and favor other possibilities. I'm not saying you do, but it could sound like it.
	::::::.
	::::::''"the phenotypes do absolutely leave doubt, sorry. The modern distribution of blue eye and red hair may be quite different to the prehistoric one"''
	::::::.
	::::::certainly not in the bronze/iron age timeframe. Absolutely noone could efficiently claim otherwise being Indian or Barack Obama himself. Anyone claiming a population with a majority of people having light-colored eyes and light-colored hair is the result of a recent (bronze age, that is) south Asian migration/invasion can't be taken seriously. The point is to prove a west eurasian origin of that specific population.
	::::::.
	::::::''"remember that we have to keep neutral and think about what other people might think is not neutral."''
	::::::.
	::::::You're aboslutely right. And I think you're not being neutral by hiding relevant informations (to not hurt any sensibilities).
	::::::This section's purpose is to prove an eastern european origin of R1a1, for god's sake. What has people that think R1a1 is of south Asian origin to do with this section ? anyone gives their best arguments in their respective section and that's all.
	::::::.
	::::::''"always try to keep the size and focus of the article in mind"''
	::::::.
	::::::There is very few text. What makes the page long (not that much actually) are the tables.
	::::::You're expressing your concern about length for one or two sentences. Seems exaggerated seen from here. As for the focus, the goal of that precise section is pretty clear : prove an eastern origin of R1a1. Refusing to give significative informations on the subject because of length (could be done in one sentence ?) and hurt feelings, is actually shying away from the point of that section, I think.
	::::::.
	::::::] (]) 12:40, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

	:::::::I think all of your posting under-estimates the doubts that could be expressed about the evidence you are talking about, and also concerning the types of evidence which other theories of R1a origins have on their side. BTW I am not worried about adding only one or two sentences. If we add discussion about hair colour we need to add much more than a few words, because this is a subject that does not prove anything about R1a in any simple way. The fact is that we should not be trying to prove anything on Misplaced Pages. There are other places on the internet for complex debate. Here we just record a neutral summary. The data tables are a problem but we'll need to take our time. See discussion below. They actually avoid a lot of problems because they are a neutral summary of a lot of information that editors working on this article have insisted on over a long period. If we remove the tables you'll eventually see it all being pasted into many places in the text in an unorganized way.--] (]) 13:00, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

	::::::::.
	::::::::''"The fact is that we should not be trying to prove anything on Misplaced Pages"''
	::::::::.
	::::::::.Absolutely right. That's why there are several "origin" sections, each ones trying to prove its own point (that's their purpose). People will judge by themselves. No need for a "wikipedia" conclusion on that matter.
	::::::::.
	::::::::''"I think all of your posting under-estimates the doubts that could be expressed about the evidence you are talking about"''
	::::::::.
	::::::::And I think all of your posting over-estimates the doubts that could be expressed about the evidences I was talking about.
	::::::::Almost exclusively R1a1 population + 90 % west eurasian mtDNA hgs + AT LEAST 60 % light har/light eyes/fair skin = western eurasian origin of this south siberian bronze age population. (the whole picture can be put in a few words and has a probatory cogency). that's how I see it.
	::::::::.
	::::::::I do think you downplay it, especially since you never specified how this is not meaningful and as such makes me unable to address it.
	::::::::You also left aside the proportion issue which is undisputable.
	::::::::.
	::::::::BTW, I didn't criticize the tables.
	::::::::.
	::::::::] (]) 13:19, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

	::::::::::OK, to explain a bit more, the problem with both the exact % and the hair/eye colour is the same: you are assuming that modern distributions are the same as bronze age ones, and we do not know this at all. We can say it "feels" likely that it was similar, but we can not say that this is an assumption everyone will accept. The phenotypes in Central Asia appear to have changed a lot in recent millenia, and of course the genotypes must have also. Indeed, even in Europe they seem to have changed a lot. We can hardly assume anything on this subject.--] (]) 13:24, 8 September 2009 (UTC)
	::::::::::Another thing I perhaps should explain is that I've learnt not to use the term "]". The problem is that it is not clearly defined anywhere in any standard way. For example if you search it in Misplaced Pages you get the article for Europe. Geographical terms have to be chosen for clarity.--] (]) 13:27, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

	::::.
	::::''"you are assuming that modern distributions are the same as bronze age ones, and we do not know this at al" - "The phenotypes in Central Asia appear to have changed a lot in recent millenia, and of course the genotypes must have also"''
	::::.
	::::We're talking of bronze age! not of 10,000 yrs ago. These regions apparently never were as populated as other regions of Eurasia such as Europe or south or east Asia. These populations have changed because of their own migration, the slaughter by invading populations (huns/Turkic hordes) and the subsequent mixing with these populations.
	::::.
	::::The source of the phenotypes we're talking of is obviously in europe, both because of current repartition and frequency of it and because of what we know of the peopling of Europe's chronology.
	::::There is no doubt about the ancient presence of the mtDNA hgs we're talking of in Europe.
	::::You can't deny it.
	::::I'm pretty confident on any other page (where there is no moot) it would have been written down withouth much discussion.
	::::And you know why ? because there is noone who would actually think that kind of phenotype came from south asia (I don't talk of central asia because the mtdna hgs came from Europe)
	::::.
	::::By rebutting these conclusions, you're actually not rebutting my reasonning, you're rebutting the conclusions of 2 genetical studies (2004 and 2009) made by experts.
	::::I thought wikipedia was not supposed to prove anything and yet you intend to disprove the conclusions of both recent scientifical articles.
	::::.
	::::''"the problem with both the exact % you are assuming that modern distributions are the same as bronze age ones"''
	::::.
	::::Are you actually telling me that the European haplogroups are not European ? Let's be clear. Is that what you're saying ?
	::::That they weren't present in Europe during bronze age and before, despite evidence of the contrary ?
	::::.
	::::''"We can hardly assume anything on this subject"''
	::::.
	::::On the contrary, we have data in archeogenetics. If by any chance this south Siberia population never had any ancestor from the European geographical area, it wouldn't change a bit the fact that these populations share an ancestral link (DNA material).
	::::.
	::::''"Another thing I perhaps should explain is that I've learnt not to use the term "Western Eurasia"''
	::::.
	::::The image on the right of the Europe page is what is western eurasia is IMO. But let's say (eastern) Europe instead of western neurasia, if you wish.
	::::.
	::::] (]) 13:52, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

	:::::A good scientist, or person interested in science, needs to know how to feel comfortable with doubt. You write as if there are well defined "European haplogroups" and that we know for certain where these would be found in the Bronze Age. Please give exact quotations showing any scientist writing like this.--] (]) 18:38, 8 September 2009 (UTC)


	''"A good scientist, or person interested in science, needs to know how to feel comfortable with doubt. You write as if there are well defined "European haplogroups" and that we know for certain where these would be found in the Bronze Age. Please give exact quotations showing any scientist writing like this.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 18:38, 8 September 2009 (UTC)"''

	I could point,at least, to the recent findings that confirm that the European hunter-gatherers were of (at least) mtdna U5 and U4 lineages or that mtDNA H5a is rattached to central Europe and the west of Europe (Franco Cantabrian Region, Wales), but that's besides the point.

	The point,is that you intend to make an exception for that particular subject.
	Every scientifical studies is entitled to have its conclusions exposed here, except this one. The good question is "why?".

	By refusing the conclusions of these studies to be known, on the arguments you put forward, you contest their validity. It's a POV.
	Wiipedia is not the place to prove anything remember? Well, you're trying to prove the conclusions of two scientifical studies were wrong (2009 about south siberia and 2004 about Kazakhstan). Is that really your role ?

	Almost exclusively R1a1 population + 90 % west eurasian mtDNA hgs during bronze age + AT LEAST 60 % light har/light eyes/fair skin = western eurasian origin (not central asia or south asia), that was the conclusion of the article. It's you're right to think differently, but I doubt it is your right to prevent the conclusions to be written on wikipedia because you have doubts about it.

	Now, that's really the point.
	Even if the studies were later shown to be wrong, that's out of the picture.
	There are scientifical studies made by experts. They make their conclusions and we make them known in Misplaced Pages, which is the goal, I would think. Should Misplaced Pages judge the content of specialist's research ?

	] (]) 10:24, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

	BTW, that doesn't mean we have to be totally affirmative. We could put a "_very probably_ of Eastern European origin".

	] (]) 11:04, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

	== Charts and such ==

	I don't find the tables and charts here easy to navigate and understand. I see a great deal of discussion, but I think the thrust should be making the piece understandable to genetic know-nothings like myself. For instance, what's the percentage of R1a1 in England? It's not easy to figure out from these charts. Can someone do something about this situation? (I don't know enough about genetics to contribute, but I do know when something isn't easy to decipher.) I think everyone should keep in mind that the point is making this complicated material understandable. Thanks. ] (]) 06:40, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

	:The problem with all haplogroup articles is that the field moves quickly and there are very few secondary sources reviewing the data. The only ones that do exist tend to be completely out of date and filled with errors. Therefore we have this awkward situation of needing to come to a common sense understanding about what primary (raw) data to include. The R1a article has been a long running problem because no one could agree on any simplifications, and this has pushed the article towards including excessive detail. (One source might give quite a different impression than another, and one way of breaking a region up might give quite a different impression than another.) I've been simplifying in recent weeks, but for now I think we need the data table in all its detail. I'd appreciate your comments. Concerning England, the question is whether there is any source for England, separate from Britain. There have been some regional studies. See the data table. Note, if you click on the heading they sort, making it easier to look for what you are looking for.--] (]) 08:09, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

	::I just rechecked the Weale data and was able to improve the English data in the table. Both the Midlands and East Anglia are around 4.5%. A lot of the data table still needs going over, and I hope others are also looking at that. The Capelli article needs re-looking at for example.--] (]) 08:24, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

	:::I also intend to eventually remove the column labelled as R1(xR1a1) because it is a mishmash of information which might represent different types of tests in different articles. It is also not necessarily interesting at all for this article or any other on Misplaced Pages. (It might be interesting for people conducting original research, but still.)--] (]) 08:28, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

	::::I just re-did the Capelli data. I realize this is more detail than convenient, and in the long we need to find a solution. But right now we are improving this article by at least getting all cards on the table in a very neutral form, avoiding controversies about how to summarize fairly which have plagued this article.--] (]) 08:53, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

	:::::Somebody had inserted a summary of Capelli saying it gave about 4% overall in Britain. By my calculation the Capelli data has about 2.5% in both England and Scotland, but that is excluding Orkney and Shetland and Isle of Man, and Channel Islands and Irish figures. If we include Shetland and Orkney then Scotland becomes 4.2% and Britain (Scotland + England + Wales) becomes about 2.7%. Highest levels in England are in south west.--] (]) 09:26, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

	::::::Thank you, Andrew, for your many replies. I agree about removing the column labelled as R(XR1a1). It just adds to the confusion. I can see that you've added quite a bit more of the English data, and that looks good. I hope that these charts will continue to be refined, but I can see you're on this in a big way. By the way, do you find it surprising the highest levels are in the Southwest? I find that sort of astonishing, given the Danelaw presence in the East, and the high (relative) rates around the Wirral, etc.. How can one account for this, in that the areas of the Southwest (Cornwall, Dorset, etc.) didn't account for particularly heavy Viking settlement, and certainly were not within the Danelaw? Was this some sort of spillover from the Norse Gaels, ejected from Ireland? Thanks! ] (]) 20:14, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

	::::::::Yes, it is a bit surprising. I think there is more to R1a than just the recent movements of Slavs and the Norse though. Archeology shows it was common quite early in Europe to the west of where we now typically find it. And there are also isolated pockets in Spain and Italy. I think "multiple waves" is a theme that was perhaps being hidden in the article, in between all the Europe versus India material. BTW, did you see this one which I have still not used here? http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/25/2/301--] (]) 06:59, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

	:::::::::The charts are looking great, and are much, much improved. Also, when it comes to the British Isles, the inclusion of the Capelli data is compelling. I found some of the anomalies -- for instance, the high values in one part of Wales -- rather striking. And I suppose no one should be surprised at a count of 0.0 in Uttoxeter, located in what was once Mercia. In any case, the expanded tables add greatly to the piece. Thanks and regards, ] (]) 12:12, 13 September 2009 (UTC):

	:::::::::::Just a quick question. I notice there are two separate set of results listed for the Orkney Islands. One result puts the R1a1 figure at 7 percent; the other at 27 percent. That's a huge disparity, if I'm reading the tables correctly. I suppose the only thing to do in such cases is do what you've done: list the two figures with their sources (it seems to me that Capelli is the better source at the lower figure). Is there something I'm missing here? And are these sorts of huge variables on the same territory commonplace? I've certainly seen other results that vary wildly, but this one seems particularly jarring. Again, nice work on these tables. Regards, ] (]) 08:55, 15 September 2009 (UTC)

	::::::::::::::A quick answer: such disparities they are more common with small sample sizes. Definitely a good idea to recheck the sources though if you see any.--] (]) 10:28, 15 September 2009 (UTC)

	:::::::::::::::Yes, your point about sample sizes is well-taken, thanks. ] (]) 23:39, 15 September 2009 (UTC)

	== Continuing discussion of Eastern European Origins section ==

	Waggg, my apologies but on this computer I can not handle such enormous sections, so I need to start a new one. Can you try to keep posts shorter?--] (]) 10:42, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

	That the studies found evidence suggesting western origins is mentioned already now. The only discussion we are having is about how much '''detail''' to include from articles, if that detail is not about R1a. Misplaced Pages can not include discussions of all evidence in every relevant article. If I understand you are arguing that the authors felt that they had "knock out evidence" and this is why you think it is so important. Therefore I asked you to show my a quotation from a scientist saying that mitochondrial DNA and hair and eye colour are knock our evidence of European origins, and therefore perhaps worthy of special mention. --] (]) 10:42, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

	:.
	:No, I don't think it is details, to put the proportion of these west eurasian hgs during bronze age and the phenotype of the majority of that population.
	:The current sentence is pretty understimating the results of the study. "as well as other genetic markers associated with European origin." is not significative enough compared to the result's studies we're talking of.
	:For the rest, my point of view has been addressed :
	:I could point,at least, to the recent findings that confirm that the European hunter-gatherers were of (at least) mtdna U5 and U4 lineages or that mtDNA H5a is rattached to central Europe and the west of Europe (Franco Cantabrian Region, Wales), but that's besides the point.
	:The point,is that you intend to make an exception for that particular subject.
	:Every scientifical studies is entitled to have its conclusions exposed here, except this one. The good question is "why?".
	:By refusing the conclusions of these studies to be known, on the arguments you put forward, you contest their validity. It's a '''POV'''.
	:Misplaced Pages is not the place to prove anything remember? Well, you're trying to prove the conclusions of two scientifical studies were wrong (2009 about south siberia and 2004 about Kazakhstan). Is that really your role ?
	:Almost exclusively R1a1 population + 90 % west eurasian mtDNA hgs + AT LEAST 60 % light har/light eyes/fair skin = western eurasian origin, that was the conclusion of the article. It's you're right to think differently, but I doubt it is your right to prevent the conclusions to be written on wikipedia because you have doubts about it.
	:Now, that's really the point.Even if the studies were later shown to be wrong, that's out of the picture.
	:There are scientifical studies made by experts. They make their conclusions and we make them known in Misplaced Pages, which is the goal, I would think. Should Misplaced Pages judge the content of specialists' research ?
	:BTW, that doesn't mean we have to be totally affirmative. We could put a "_very probably_ of Eastern European origin".
	:] (]) 11:15, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

	::Please stop repeating yourself and quote your evidence where a scientist writes the way you are implying they write.--] (]) 11:26, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

	::I'll repeat myself as long as you ignore my points. If you reply I'll have no reason to repeat it. I note that you ignore my points again.
	::The conclusions of the article are there :
	::http://www.springerlink.com/content/4462755368m322k8/
	::and there concerning the Kazakhstan west eurasian hgs.
	::http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1691686
	::] (]) 11:30, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

	:::I asked for quotes, because I have doubts about your interpretation. Which exact words do these authors use which justify us saying that the hair and eye colour and those specific mitochondrial haplotypes MUST have come from Europe? I should also already point out to you that they have to say it very strongly, because this is a primary source. There are many articles about these subjects and they do not all agree. We need neutrality but we can not quote all opinions about all subjects from all articles. Remember we are writing about R1a.--] (]) 12:11, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

	:::.
	:::I provided you the source. But here it is (that's just from the abstract, there are other informations in the whole article that point to eastern Europe too, like a map with the repartition of the Nowadays close Y-STR haplotypes that implicitly support it too) :
	:::''"Our results also confirm that at the Bronze and Iron Ages, south Siberia was a''' region of overwhelmingly predominant European settlement''', '''suggesting an eastward migration of Kurgan people across the Russo-Kazakh steppe'''"'' which implies that they considered that, given the elements listed in the article, this R1a1 population were of European origin (i.e. they were genetically and phenotypically European).
	:::''"We need neutrality but we can not quote all opinions about all subjects from all articles"''
	:::This is the first time such a complete molecular analysis is done. As such it is important to address it.
	:::Who decide which study is better than another one?
	:::The quality of the source is concordant with the reliable source policy of wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/Wikipedia:V)
	:::Let me remind you that : ''"The threshold for inclusion in Misplaced Pages is verifiability, not truth—that is, whether readers are able to check that material added to Misplaced Pages has already been published by a reliable source, not whether we think it is true"''
	:::] (]) 12:33, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

	::::The tone of the quote you give sounds similar to what we have in the article now already?--] (]) 12:46, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

	::::Well, i'm not criticizing the sentence in its entirety, just the fact that your sentence downplay the whole thing. "Overwhelmingly predominant" makes the implications more obvious, as said, your sentence coud imply 35% or 65% in bronze age. 90% is quite another thing (we're talking of a region close to Mongolia). Also the full abstract do use the reconstructed phenotype to support its claim.
	::::It's a whole thing (a whole stream of elements that support a claim).
	::::May I remmeber you that the purpose of that particular section is to list all the elements that point to a eastern european origin for hg R1a1. So much determination to "hide" these probatory elements is strange. Especially since it is clearly scientifically supported. If this will later be rebutted, it is out of the picture.
	::::] (]) 12:58, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

	:::::I just did a new version. Please check.--] (]) 18:15, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

	:::::It is fine, I think. Thank you. Have a nice day.
	:::::] (]) 18:34, 9 September 2009 (UTC)


	You too! I wish you luck with your interest in this complicated subject. I am going to work on that frequency table again!--] (]) 20:41, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

	== Complete review of the big data table ==

	For those who have noticed me playing around with the references, this is part of a bigger job. I am going through the data table and checking every source. I am finding errors, doubled up data (these articles often add data from previous articles), and also that which seems to concern people most, signs of cherry picking that makes the overall picture a bit non neutral. I will also try to make the format more neutral and clear, distinguishing three types of test results we are interested in:
	*R1a+ R1a1 not tested
	*R1a+ R1a1 negative
	*R1a1+
	I should be able to post a new table within a day or two.

	I think the table raises longer run issues as it is very big. Fixing it has made it inevitably bigger. However this article's main editors are all nervous about others trying to de-emphasize any particular region, and so this raw data seems a good way to get the article more neutral and less controversial. Compressing the article can be a long run target. Maybe the table needs to become a separate article with a summary only being given here (as long as we can agree that adding up numbers is obvious and not "research").

	For editors not familiar with this type of article, please note that genetics sources are mainly primary data from surveys. The secondary sources are not up to date enough, and the commentaries given with the survey articles are often not taking a big picture. So we have a controversial situation in the positive sense that a wiki can actually be more informative than anything already published, not via OR, but just because the literature is so hard to follow on its own.

	There has been an attempt to make an article summarizing all haplogroups, but it is very inadequate: ]. I think we are inevitably looking at a future where each major haplogroup may need a data article.--] (]) 08:36, 11 September 2009 (UTC)

	:It is very difficult, always, to make sure that we do not put in overlapping data that was published in several different articles. If you notice any obvious cases please remark them. This will also be the reason I'll be removing some data, i.e. in cases where it is obvious that two papers were using a lot of the same samples. In such cases I am trying to use the oldest paper in cases where it is the EXACT same data, or the newest paper, in cases where the newer article added more information. Examples:
	:*I've removed the Zerjal data, because it was all in Wells 2001
	:*I am using Battaglia and Tambets as references for some data which was maybe in the table before from an older paper.
	:*I have removed some of the Semino data where it seems clear that later authors went further with the same original samples.
	--] (]) 06:57, 12 September 2009 (UTC)

	== Emphasis on frequencies ==

	I think the article places a significant emphasis on the frequencies of this haplogroup in different countries or ethnic groups. While this is important, a heavy emphasis on frequencies somewhat obscures other important aspects such as the role of this haplogroup has played in the history and prehistory of Eurasia. A lot of the frequencies may eventually be spun off into separate data articles, as they consume a lot of space. The contour map does a pretty good job of summarizing the data, however the one used in this article has no data from South Asia, so it is somewhat incomplete. There are several hypothesis concerning the origins and dispersal of this haplogroup, however, it is not immediately obvious why the standard techniques( ], least moves-greatest diversity) haven't resolved the issue of origins. ] (]) 05:18, 15 September 2009 (UTC)

	:Yes, we need a new map. The other thing we can think about is variance measurements of different types, but of course this is a big can of worms as not all papers use the same STR markers, or even report them.--] (]) 08:32, 15 September 2009 (UTC)


	== Subclades ==

	Please check ISOGG R-tree for 2009 http://www.isogg.org/tree/ISOGG_HapgrpR09.html

	It's different than the article ] (]) 04:35, 16 September 2009 (UTC)

	:Yes, this is a tricky subject in this field. I have tried to insert mention of it now.--] (]) 06:04, 16 September 2009 (UTC)

	:: Then why don't we change it accordingly in the article, i.e M17 is the defining mutation for R1a1a not for R1a1 and M56, M157 & M204 will be now subclades of R1a1a not R1a1 ] (]) 02:41, 17 September 2009 (UTC)

	:::Please see the change I have already made. It is a start. Such changeovers to new phylogenetic names do not have to be rushed because of course (a) it is a lot of work and (b) most articles and discussion still use the old terminology and it is not our aim to confuse the public.--] (]) 06:17, 17 September 2009 (UTC)
	:::I should have added that another reason for not changing too quickly is that when only one lab has reported something, and they are still working on it, then the tree could change again soon. Realistically, terminology should not be changed with every bit of new information.--] (]) 07:54, 17 September 2009 (UTC)

	== The frequency table is insanely long ==


	It's got to be by far the longest table I've seen in wikipedia. It should be condensed, as it is clunky and difficult to use in its current form. I note that it contains multiple entries for the same country, and is very disorganized, going from europe to asia and back to europe and then back to asia. --] (]) 19:14, 27 September 2009 (UTC)

	It is a sortable table, so the order is not the problem. '''The length is a problem''', as was stated when it was finished, but I think we all know why it is long. That is because all attempts to compress it are open to relatively justified accusations of OR (you can not add up studies because this would not be comparing apples with applies), and this in turn has led to constant revert wars between people who think others are trying to filter or select specific information in order to push a POV. (I would say both sides might be right, based on patterns I noticed when I went back and checked every data source.) It is precisely the details lost in "compression" which seem to be important to people interested in R1a. For example consider the number of times the relatively insigificant amount of data from Kazakhstan and Sorbia have been mentioned on this talkpage, and consider how important the differences between castes in India are to this subject. Can we really write seriously about R1a if we compress all these things? Should we create a separate article for the table?--] (]) 15:04, 28 September 2009 (UTC)

	I think you've made a very good point about the need for the length of the table, Andrew. I do think that it could be broken into a separate piece, as I've seen other lists broken out that way (school alumni, for instance.) ] (]) 16:34, 28 September 2009 (UTC)

	== 2 points of origin ==

	This might be the latest word on R1a: http://www.nature.com/ejhg/journal/v17/n10/abs/ejhg20096a.html . These are very big name authors in this field --] (]) 08:56, 29 September 2009 (UTC)
	{{Quotation\|Expansion times for haplogroup R1a1 date approximately to 18 000 YBP, and age estimates along with Network topology of populations found at opposite poles of its range (Eastern Europe and South Asia) indicate that '''two separate haplotypic foci''' exist within this haplogroup.\|}}

	By the way, if anyone has a copy, I do not.--] (]) 08:56, 29 September 2009 (UTC)

	Wow, this sounds like rather a biggie. ] (]) 15:50, 29 September 2009 (UTC)

	== Time of origin ==

	I think that 36000 YBP is too far please check this link http://en.wikipedia.org/Haplogroup_R_(Y-DNA), Haplogroup R is estimated to be 26,800 years BP ] (]) 21:16, 2 October 2009 (UTC)


	I agree, Haplogroup P is estimated to be 25,000-34,000 years BP, please check http://en.wikipedia.org/Haplogroup_P_(Y-DNA). ] (]) 07:18, 6 October 2009 (UTC)


	Further more, I just found out that Haplogroup NOP time of origin is estimated as 25,000-30,000 years BP, please check http://en.wikipedia.org/Haplogroup_NOP_(Y-DNA)!! ] (]) 07:19, 6 October 2009 (UTC)

	Problem is possibly that there are a lack of estimates in recent years. Anyone know of a good one?--] (]) 11:50, 6 October 2009 (UTC)

	Thats true Andrew, but 36000 YBP is clearly too far ] (]) 17:12, 7 October 2009 (UTC)

	== Hxseek Claim(s) ==

	Concering the edit made by the user Hxseek he made claims to Toomas Kivisild paper from (2003) that... "However, a major weakness with the findings of this study is that it did not include the actual eastern European populations where R1a1 is postulated to have arisen - ie southern Russia/ Ukraine and/or the Balkans"

	I'm asking for a citation and clarification is needed on the source. Because then Hxseek removed the Tag and provided 4 sources..."Semino 2000. Passarino 2002. Pericic 2005. Klyosov 2005"

	Now how can Semino (2000), and Passarino (2002) studies know if Kivisild's paper from (2003) didn't have any Eastern Europeans from Russia or Ukraine??? Can they predict the future? Or did you knowingly put bad sources? ] 01:14, 10 October 2009 (UTC)

	:No. Those papers showed that Semino, etc proposed that R1a arose in E.E. They did not make a direct critique on Kivisild's paper, obviously in keeping with the theories of relativity. I have re-worded the sentence to reflect such, whilst still highlighting the obviousl flaw in Kvisilid's paper ] (]) 07:07, 10 October 2009 (UTC)

	::It was purposely as you just showed, and your doing nothing more than push your own personal theories. Let's see a citation or some attribution to your claim. Again. IT's IMPOSSIBLE TO ATTRIBUTE A CLAIM TO A SPECIFIC STUDY WHEN THAT STUDY WAS MADE AFTER THAT FACT. PERIOD. ] 19:12, 10 October 2009 (UTC)

	Hxseek YOU CAN'T MAKE A CLAIM ABOUT A SPECIFIC STUDY FROM 2003, WITH EVIDENCE FROM 2000 AND 2002! And by the way, Hxseek has also violated the 3 Revert-Rule/24 hours.

	3RR Violation:
	# (cur) (prev) 23:14, 10 October 2009 Hxseek (talk \| contribs) (89,847 bytes) (Undid revision 319130842 by Cosmos416 (talk)) (undo)
	# (cur) (prev) 23:11, 10 October 2009 Cosmos416 (talk \| contribs) m (89,902 bytes) (Again Citation is NEEDED... 2 STUDIES ARE OLDER THAN YOUR CLAIM - DUBIOUS and UNRELIABLE - Wiki: Original Research) (undo)
	# (cur) (prev) 07:03, 10 October 2009 Hxseek (talk \| contribs) (89,847 bytes) (→South Asian Origin Theories) (undo)
	# (cur) (prev) 06:58, 10 October 2009 Hxseek (talk \| contribs) (89,866 bytes) (there) (undo)
	# (cur) (prev) 05:07, 10 October 2009 Cosmos416 (talk \| contribs) (89,902 bytes) (→South Asian Origin Theories: Citation is NEEDED... 2 STUDIES ARE OLDER THAN YOUR CLAIM - DUBIOUS and UNRELIABLE - WikiL OR) (undo)
	# (cur) (prev) 04:39, 10 October 2009 Hxseek (talk \| contribs) m (89,847 bytes) (→South Asian Origin Theories: refs) (undo)
	# (cur) (prev) 04:34, 10 October 2009 Hxseek (talk \| contribs) (89,781 bytes) (It's already sourced in above references) (undo)

	] 19:23, 10 October 2009 (UTC)

	Not making up own theories. I have clearly stated that the quoted studies are from an ''earlier'' period, but that does not invalidate them. Nor am I misquoting them. The added sentence highlights that Kvisilid's study did not compare his Indian data with any of the 'most ancient' R1a-carrying European populations quoted from earlier studies. Rather, he used Estonians and Czechs, 2 populations which have never (AFAIK) been mentioned to be founding populations of R1a, even from a European perspective. ] (]) 05:40, 11 October 2009 (UTC)

	::Wrong. If you look through the article's "History Page" you can seen that your trying to mislead everyone here, and you've changed your position, which is still Original Researched base.

	::One Last Time, You have Violated the 3RR in the 24 hour period (which I will let Admins aware of). PROVIDE A DIRECT PASSAGE OR CITATION VERIFYING YOUR CLAIMS. VERIFICATION.

	::You changed your position from saying that:

	::(1) "No. Those papers showed that Semino, etc proposed that R1a arose in E.E. They did not make a direct critique on Kivisild's"

	::-- Then why even state it even if it has no direct relevance? As in no link. Why? Because you are trying to correlate a (2000) and (2002) paper, with findings from a (2003) paper, with no direct relationship. You said it all in your OWN words.


	::(2) " I have re-worded the sentence to reflect such, whilst still highlighting the obviousl flaw in Kvisilid's paper"

	::-- So YOU reworded the sentence to fit your OWN position(s)? YOU are making interpretations and positioning them as scholarly edits with direct linkages (you said it yourself: "I have re-worded the sentence ... highlighting the obviousl flaw in Kvisilid's paper")... That's Called Original Research!!!!

	::If you so critical on any studies that don't have any sizable populations in studies, that's your own opinion to draw on, unless expressly stated in the source(s) otherwise. It would be..sort of... like me saying (hypothetically):'''Wells et al. (2001)''' is biased and portrays inaccurately Indian populations because he only included 3 ethnic groups from Southern India (Greater India is about a 35%-40% the land size of Europe proper and the populations and diversity in India is on such a large scale, you fail to see beyond your biases). Sharma et al.(2009) represent Indians from every region and caste... so let's put that position and cite it in direct relation to Wells et al. (2001), the line after. Your game is clear.

	::I Caught you line by line. ] 06:45, 11 October 2009 (UTC)

	You "caught" me. LOL. I'm not playing a game. I do not need to re-iterate what I'm merely aiming to highlight. It does not affect me personally where R1a arose (for, from what the evidence shows, its quite likely that R1a represents ''multiple'' foci of spreads). But your Asio-centrism, on the other hand, is particularly obvious from your virulent commentary. ] (]) 07:17, 11 October 2009 (UTC)

	:I have tried to reword the passage in question in order to get a practical compromise, but it strikes me that someone must have the new article I referred to above by now, which probably gives a good neutral way of sourcing this type of discussion.--] (]) 07:28, 11 October 2009 (UTC)


	Kvisilid's study makes a specific assertion: ''This finding, together with the higher R1a-associated short tandem repeat diversity in India and Iran compared with Europe and central Asia, suggests that southern and western Asia might be the source of this haplogroup''

	He makes a direct comparison, refuting earlier established theories. This is different to Wells' paper, which Cosmos has counter-criticized. Therefore, such a steadfast conclusion must be based on a reliabel ''control'' group. I do not see it to be '''OR''' to highlight this, although I am (liek I said earlier) open and willing for re-wording. I do not see how Cosmos has interpreted my willingness to compromise as proof of my "OR" ] (]) 07:34, 11 October 2009 (UTC)

	:Nope- You said it all I clearly went through it, but you guys just ignore. SO..I am employing the exact same principles by both of your defintions, and put in with Wells et al (2001). Either we have to be neutral or remove both. You can't have it BOTH ways. By the Way you reverted the 3RR ]. Good things you guys pointed out to is acceptable, therefore tonight I will go through every study and see where else this needs to be employed. ] 1:00, 11 October 2009 (UTC)

	== Explain First ==

	You guys keep avoid this and playing with sources that are not connected, which is POV. I have removed it because I did exactly what you guys did and you say I can't. You both are picking and choose hot to fit UNRELATED SOURCES. POV No matter how you look at it.

	PROVIDE A DIRECT PASSAGE OR CITATION VERIFYING YOUR CLAIMS. VERIFICATION.

	WHERE IN THOSE SOURCES DOES IT MAKE ANY TYPE OF CLAIM(S) IN REGARDS TO Kivisild's results
	] 02:32, 12 October 2009 (UTC)

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Misleading header and intro

"Haplogroup R1a, or haplogroup R-M420, is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup" - is misleading, because R1a also can exist as mtDNA. To avoid these frequent misunderstandings, we genereally should set "Y-" before "Haplogroup" and even the Name itselve.HJJHolm (talk) 09:13, 14 June 2023 (UTC)

The naming is correct.although some y-dna and mt-dna share a similar name, haplogroup R1a as a Y-DNA haplogroup and haplogroup R1a as an mtDNA haplogroup represent distinct genetic lineages and are inherited through different ancestral lines.what i can infer from this statement of yours is the confusion that same r1a ydna haplogroup which is used to trace deep ancestory (as it mutates rarely or very slowly) is same as r1a mt-dna (which is not very useful to determine ancestors as it mutates at a much faster rate).they are not same. 45.249.86.113 (talk) 00:37, 16 June 2023 (UTC)

I think that was the point? If there are two different topics with the same name then we try to pick titles which avoid confusion.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 10:04, 17 September 2023 (UTC)

List removed

Joshua Jonathan removed list of notable carriers. Did the same at R1b. Here he gave no explanations, there he said "undue trivia". Lists of "notables" are accepted and widespread in Misplaced Pages. If stuff has sources why removing list? 151.38.149.52 (talk) 11:31, 17 July 2023 (UTC)

It was removed before from all haplogroup articles, possibly has a reason. Let me check. Also some of the sources you used aren't reliable, hence restored the WP:STABLE version. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 11:33, 17 July 2023 (UTC)

Agree with Joshua Jonathan. This is mega-cruft. –Austronesier (talk) 11:36, 17 July 2023 (UTC)

Well, it's good if you check, but anyways, lists of people are a main feature of Misplaced Pages, why shouldn't we have some for the haplogroups as well? P.S. let me know which sources that I added are not reliable so I see what I can do 151.38.149.52 (talk) 11:36, 17 July 2023 (UTC)

Extremely tedious, was only able to check ~50 revision, all the way to 2008, couldn't find any such list in them. Probably got added / removed in between. Andrew Lancaster would know better. Anyway, I'm opposing it since we already have this article - List of haplogroups of historic people. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 12:39, 17 July 2023 (UTC)

What about a list with best known (really really renowned individuals) + link to List of haplogroups of historic people? Such list may look like "boasting" for R1a haplogroup but it's actually just really cool trivia, and I can create other short lists for each haplogroup (I already made one for R1b)... 151.68.122.62 (talk) 19:36, 17 July 2023 (UTC)

I don't remember who removed what but yes in general there has been a long term consensus to avoid "famous carrier" sections in Y DNA articles. One of the problems in practice (because we played around with it for a while) was also finding good reliable sources. But a common argument is also that the information is trivial. I can imagine exceptions, such as the famous Richard III tests?--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 10:08, 17 September 2023 (UTC)

Geographical origin tally

After getting some much needed rest, I now feel prepared to start the gradual process of sorting out what the studies in this article say about R1a origins, as well as clearing out the unreliable sources (such as blogs or tweets) in the article and general tidying.

I would also like to acknowledge my mis-characterization of the studies on 21:16 16 July 2023. I implied with this comment that most of the studies say the haplogroup originated in West Asia. As I will show below by compiling quotes from all of the studies, that was incorrect. I also hinted that we should specify that Wells (2001) was talking about R1a1, when the article already does. These errors might reflect my insufficent sleeing patterns and general laziness; at least that is what I am hoping for.

I will create sub-sections below tallying the studies for their proposed geographical origin of R1a.

Eastern Europe

I will start this section off by saying is that there is a problematic statement in the "R1a origins" section that reads:

The ancient DNA record has shown the first R1a during the Mesolithic in Eastern Hunter-Gatherers (from Eastern Europe), and the earliest case of R* among Upper Paleolithic Ancient North Eurasians, from which the Eastern Hunter-Gatherers predominantly derive their ancestry.

Haak, et al. (2015) () do mention the mesolithic R1a individual from Karelia, who they describe as the "oldest known" R1a specimen found to date, but not "the first". And yet they also acknowledge that the modern R1a was brought to Europe from the East and that Karelia did not belong to the derived lineage M417 within R1a.

These statements, while interesting and notable, don't explicitly support an Eastern European origin. They just note that mesolithic hunter gatherers had R1a and that a Karelian HG is the oldest sample of R1a yet identifed. Saag, et al. (2016) also suggest that it may have been a common haplogroup among EHG.

There is seemingly one citation in the body that does directly support an Eastern European origin: Semino, et al. (2000), who do say on page 1156:

... haplotypes Eu18 and Eu19 as signaatures of expansions from isolated population nuclei in the Iberian peninsula and the present Ukraine, following the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). In fact, during this glacial period (20,000 to 13,000 years ago), human groups were forced to vacate Central Europe, with the exception of a refuge in the northern Balkans (16). Similar discrete patterns of the flora and fauna in Europe have been attributed to glaciation-modulated isolation followed by dispersal from climatic sanctuaries (18). This scenario is also supported by the finding that the maximum variation for microsatellites linked to Eu19 is found in Ukraine (19).

This beings my tally of studies supporting an Eastern European origin for haplogroup R1a to a grand total of 1. If anyone has more studies that support an Eastern European origin of R1a, go ahead and cite them, but until then I see no rationale for listing it as the first (and therefore, most supported, according to convention) location in the infobox. - Hunan201p (talk) 08:23, 19 July 2023 (UTC)

@Hunan201p: Should we rearrange Possible place of origin paramter? And what would be the order? - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 09:56, 2 November 2023 (UTC)

Hunan201p I think it would be more interesting to consider how many studies think R1a entered Europe from the east (via eastern europe). I think that by tallying to come to a conclusion we risk WP:SYNTH because in reality there is not much consensus about where R1a originated apart from somewhere between Europe and India.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 10:48, 2 November 2023 (UTC)

@Fylindfotberserk and Andrew Lancaster: thanks for your comments, sorry it has taken so long for me to respond. Running short on time these days. I totally agree with Andrew Lancaster that it would be original research to tally the sources to re-arrange the order in the infobox. That's why I feel better about giving up on that task, but also why I don't have much of an answer for Fylindfotberserk. I also concur with Andrew's observation that there doesn't appear to be a consensus as to where R1a originated. I will add more if I can find the time. Please press ahead if you've got a plan. - Hunan201p (talk) 11:43, 7 November 2023 (UTC)

@Hunan201p and Andrew Lancaster: Possibly the reason why it was "Eurasia" for years in the "|Possible place of origin= parameter" before some newb editor replaced it with various regions . I wouldn't have a problem if we revert back to it and/or use some arrangement like this → "]" for the parameter. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 12:18, 7 November 2023 (UTC)

There will inevitably be editors who want to narrow it down further, but Eurasia is at least difficult for anyone to get upset about. Another source-based option is a list "x, y or z", or something like "proposals are mainly in the area stretching from x to y" although even that is difficult in this case?--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 12:55, 7 November 2023 (UTC)

Good idea, folks! I'll start with Andrew's proposal and invite him to do the second when he finds the time. Hunan201p (talk) 00:46, 16 November 2023 (UTC)

South Asia

@Plumeater2: "South Asia is the preferred terminology. Pinging Fowler&fowler and RegentsPark for input. Joshua Jonathan - Let's talk! 09:18, 2 November 2023 (UTC)

"Opinion piece from a newspaper"

Regarding this revert diff, edit-summary

It doesn't explain the relationship between older TMRCA datings and high populations, nor can we accept an opinion piece from a newspaper without any academic study supporting such extraordinary genetic claims.

and this revert diff, edit-summary

Blatant POV pushing using an opinion piece. Discrediting all the studies mentioned before it. If anyone else wants to investigate the sources they are free to do it. Thsi is my last revert.

Tony Joseph refers to recent research, qouting dr. Richards, co-author of "“A Genetic Chronology for the Indian Subcontinent Points to Heavily Sex-biased Dispersals,” who rejects the idea that Indian R1a is very diverse. Anyone with even superficial knowledge of DNA-research knows that this research confirms the introduction of Indo-European related R1a into India around 2000 BCE. Joshua Jonathan - Let's talk! 21:10, 15 July 2024 (UTC)

No, it doesn't. And I don't understand how you can disregard TMRCA datings like they are nothing. Diversity may be impacted by population density, but the South Asian diversity confirmed by various genetic studies could not have just formed after 2000 BC. As I said on my Talk page, to each their own. Someone rejecting the idea does not discredit years of genetic studies. 103.95.83.27 (talk) 21:16, 15 July 2024 (UTC)

@Joshua Jonathan and Austronesier: I believe, we are giving too much emphasis to Tony Joseph's article. He isn't a geneticist and certainly not a scholar in this field, which is obvious from some of the excerpts from his work. I suggest we use the research papers directly for whatever we are citing here, instead of quoting Joseph. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 10:49, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

He's referenced two times, plus an additional quote in a note to support the reference. In both cases he quotes Richards, a geneticist. That's not "too much emphasis," I think. Joshua Jonathan - Let's talk! 11:49, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

@Joshua Jonathan: Why not quote Richard and his paper directly? This person (Joseph) isn't a scholar and not qualified in this topic area, Indian media is politically driven, there are multiple factions in the media, especially when it comes to these historical topics. You'll find many articles supporting OIT as well. Don't need to use news articles and opinion pieces when we can diretly use research papers, for the sake of balance. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 12:02, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

Yes, and also inline citations from the study should be provided to support this extraordinary statement. These citations must include information about BOTH STR diversity and TMRCA datings, as both are being targeted here. No original research or synthesis by any 'Misplaced Pages scholar' should be tolerated. And even if we are able to find those inline citations( which i was unable to find), proper attribution must be provided, especially considering that one study is attempting to disregard all the previous multiple studies conducted before it. 103.95.83.206 (talk) 12:42, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

So, you want to argue that R1a originated in India, and wasn't brought there with the Indo-Aryan migrations? Is microsatellite diversity even still being used as an instrument? It seems to be outdated; the dates of those studies are quite telling. Joshua Jonathan - Let's talk! 13:22, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

See, Joshua, no one is discarding the possibility of Indo-European migrations during the last phase of the Indus Valley Civilization. I also believe in a close relationship between the Aryan and Andronovo/Sintashta cultures. But the problem arises when editors try to conduct original research. What do you mean by "it's still a thing"? How do you think the origin of a haplogroup is decided? The only exception is this haplogroup (for obvious reasons) where we are arguing. And let's say it didn't originate in South Asia. However, the highest frequencies and most diversity of R1a in South Asia, along with the oldest TMRCA datings, indicate a long and complex history of human presence and migration in the region. The Indo-Aryan migrations likely involved multiple waves and significant interaction with existing populations, leading to the genetic patterns observed today. It’s not that simple that one small group came from Central Asia and changed the whole South Asian and Iranian genetics at this level. All we are asking is that if you are trying to negate all these studies, something better is required. Dont fall for biased indian newspapers (from both sides of political spectrum) 103.95.83.206 (talk) 14:13, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

Regarding the highest frequencies and most diversity of R1a in South Asia, along with the oldest TMRCA datings, the research you cherish is outdated, and rejected by more recent research, such as Underhill et al. (2015) and Narasimhan et al. (2019), conducted with much better methods. Regarding biased indian newspapers, what you call 'an opinion piece' was published in the science-section of The Hindu. That Hindu nationalists have problems with appreciating scientific insights does not mean that their opponnts are suffering from the same deficiency. Joshua Jonathan - Let's talk! 16:00, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

Yes, please cite "the research" with inline citations. Cite the better methods (what are those?). And provide attribution if it's only one study. The whole argument is about that. But its your old habit to divert the topic of debate. Even in the opinion piece, there is nothing about TMRCA dating. Only a vague statement about diversity, which I was unable to find in your "top-notch research." And what research rejected highest frequencies? I mean seriously, now you included frequency rejection too, lol? The thing is, it's pointless having any conversation with you. You are in complete denial. I understand. You have a set agenda and a worldview you can't seem to break down. I don't have time for this. If others are interested, they can engage with you. Otherwise, hey, it's Misplaced Pages. Most articles here need serious improvements, but I am not going to waste my time as it's full of editors like you. If others have no problem with your baseless extraordinary assertions, do what you wish. Who am I to stop you? Have a good day! 103.95.83.51 (talk) 16:19, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

So anyone who goes against your opinion is a hindu nationalist? Nice. M out 103.95.83.51 (talk) 16:21, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

Underhill et al. (2015) is already exyensively mentioned; I've added Narasimhan et al. (2018) to the India-subsection. You have a point about the genetic diversity and multiple waves; I've adjusted some text in line with that diff. Joshua Jonathan - Let's talk! 16:28, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

Again, don't reply to me. Do what you wish. Change the article however you want. Make the frequency of R1a in Brahmins from 72% to 27%, in Khatris from 65% to 15%, etc., citing the Hindu article or whatever source you have. Make the STR diversity of South Asia lower than that of Europe, West Asia, and Central Asia. Adjust the TMRCA datings in South Asia to 2,000 years from more than 15,000 years. I don't care. I made my points above. Provide inline citations for your statement, which I initially marked as "failed verification," that attempt to reject whatever we know about South Asian populations. And now, don't bother me. I am done. 103.95.83.51 (talk) 16:37, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

(edit conflict)@Joshua Jonathan: As I said, there are many factions in the Indian media, the anti-Hindu nationalist lobby is as much problematic as the other. Hence, it would be wise to use research papers directly instead of quoting lay-people from Indian media, supporting a certain narrative. Don't we already have links to Underhill, Narasimhan and Silva? We do not need quote from Joseph's article, who doesn't seem to know the obvious that females can't have R1a. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 16:36, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

Jospeh quotes Richards, a published genetic scientist; Richard questions the idea, based on microsatellite variations, that R1a originated in India; it seems to me that this is relevant, precisely because of the reference Hindu nationalists make to these outdated studies. Joshua Jonathan - Let's talk! 16:45, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

@Joshua Jonathan: I'm not questioning the points raised by Richard, but the use of Joseph's work who isn't a scholar of the subject. Why can't we use Richard work directly. Why do we have to make Misplaced Pages a vehicle for Anti-Hindu-nationalist agenda if we are vehemently against Hindu-nationalist agenda? For the sake of balance, we shouldn't be entertaining both. Don;t we have Richard's work available? If not Underhill and Narasimhan will do. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 16:58, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

he's co-author of Da Silva et al. (2017). Joshua Jonathan - Let's talk! 17:06, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

@Joshua Jonathan: I'm aware that Martin B. Richards is a co-author of Da Silva et al. (2017). But not journo Tony Joseph. Let's replace this with Martin B. Richard's work in which he said − "the idea that R1a is very diverse in India, which was largely based on fuzzy microsatellite data, has been laid to rest”. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 17:15, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

Suggestions? Joshua Jonathan - Let's talk! 18:14, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

@Joshua Jonathan: Is Martin B. Richards paper where he said, "the idea that R1a is very diverse in India, which was largely based on fuzzy microsatellite data, has been laid to rest” available in the internet, do we have a link? - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 18:31, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

It's a reply from Richards to Joseph in an email-exchange, in the context of their 2017 publication. Joshua Jonathan - Let's talk! 19:04, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

I'm with Fyl here. Not for the sake of balance, but for the sake of science. It's pretty simple. Two days ago, we have rejected the addition of a small piece of text in Indus Valley Civilisation based on promotional interviews given by no one less than David Reich for launching the publication of Shinde et al. (2019). Some editor was so determined on adding (and re-re-re-adding) the piece that they got blocked. I rejected the addition with a plain rationale: WP:SCHOLARSHIP. Unless you want to cover ideological meta-debates surrounding findings from population genetics (in which case press articles can be fine as sources), the only apt sources for a scientific topic like this one are peer-reviewed academic sources, ideally secondary sources (like Fox (2022) which is a good addition here), or if we feel we can't do without primary sources, then at least widely cited primary sources with widely supported findings. So no, please don't cite news media for genetic research, whether they interview Reich or Richards. If the things scholars say in an interview are indeed relevant and supported by their research, we should be able to find sources that pass WP:SCHOLARSHIP in suppport of the very things they say in interviews. –Austronesier (talk) 19:34, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

@Joshua Jonathan: Also this one - "According to Martin P. Richards, co-author of Silva et al. (2017), the prevalence of R1a in India was "very powerful evidence for a substantial Bronze Age migration from central Asia that most likely brought Indo-European speakers to India."" - should be removed.

Have a look at this - "offering proof that R1a arrived in India with multiple waves of migration, including Iranian hunter-gatherers and the Indo-Aryans." - don't see any of the sources associating this hg with Iranian HGs. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 20:52, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

Sorry, I couldn't resist coming back after reading "from Richards to Joseph in an email exchange"—I literally laughed at this. This should not be the standard of a high-level editor. It is a clear example of how ideological biases can make a usually rational and well-read person like Joshua no better than the people he criticizes day and night. Joshua has now removed the objectionable sentence for which I asked for verification, which is commendable ( i know its never easy to swallow your pride- i am very similar);

Although there is still some bias, such as using a random phylogenetic reconstruction (which should not be used) to claim that more recent research has questioned older studies, there's no need to state 'older' studies "from this year to this"—they were not done thousands of years ago. Also, multiple waves of migration do not necessarily mean that migration only started after 2000 BC, which we are using as support for the conclusion (considering older TMRCA datings). However, these are comparatively smaller issues that may be addressed in the future by someone else (I am not touching the article now).

Overall, what remains is not as biased as the previous statement, which didn't even make any sense. It was not only illogical but also impossible, considering the number of genetic studies we have that we can also cite—with inline citations. It's also not OK to convey the message, directly or indirectly, that all previous researchers were maybe lying because maybe they were all Hindu nationalists. Regards, 103.95.83.148 (talk) 20:54, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

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