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			{{Short description\|Music genre}}
	<!-- Deleted image removed: ] a Chicano rapper from ] {{puic\|Photo of Lil Rob.jpg\|log=2009 September 27}}]] -->
			{{Chicano and Mexican American topics sidebar}}
			'''Chicano rap''' is a subgenre of hip hop that embodies aspects of the Mexican American or ] culture.

			==History==
	'''Chicano rap''' is a subgenre of ], ] and ] that embodies aspects of West Coast and Southwest ] (]) culture and is typically performed by American rap singers and musicians of Mexican descent.<ref name="definition"></ref>
			===Early years===
			The first recognized Chicano rap album was the 1990 debut album '']'' by ];<ref name=mcfarland/> the album's lead single, "]", which combined ] and ] elements, was a hit song and became an "East L.A. anthem.<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Gold \|first=Jonathan \|date=August 20, 1990 \|title=Weekend Reviews Kid Frost: Political Rap for Chicano Solidarity Pop music: His hit 'La Raza' is the first popular East L.A. anthem in years \|newspaper=Los Angeles Times \|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/281058443\|id={{ProQuest\|281058443}} }}</ref> His success brought attention to Chicano rappers on the West Coast.<ref name="frost">{{Cite web \|url=http://bad.eserver.org/issues/2002/61/mcfarland.html \|title=Bad Subjects Magazine – "Hyper-Masculine and Misogynist Violence in Chicano Rap" \|access-date=2007-06-29 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927225546/http://bad.eserver.org/issues/2002/61/mcfarland.html \|archive-date=2011-09-27 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

			===1990s===
	The first widely recognized Chicano rap artist was ], whose 1990 debut album "Hispanic Causing Panic" driven by the hit single "La Raza" brought new attention to Chicano rappers in Hip Hop<ref name="frost"></ref><ref name="history"></ref>.
			In 1990, ] released the album ''Another Latin Timebomb'', featuring his hit remake of the song "]". In 1990, the Chicano hip hop group ] released their album '']'',<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/brown-proud-mw0000603338\|title=Brown & Proud - Lighter Shade of Brown Songs, Reviews, Credits AllMusic\|last=Henderson\|first=Alex\|website=]\| accessdate=16 November 2018}}</ref> which included hits "]" (a top 40 hit on the ]) and "]". Rap group ] (One Cuban, One Puerto Rican), would sometimes use popular Chicano slang and culture in their music and videos. The lead rapper, B-Real, was of Mexican descent. Cypress Hill has also collaborated with another Chicano group, ]. Chicano rap derives from American rap which bases its music on drum beats, jazz music, and bass amongst others. Early influences for Chicano rap include "oldies", funk music and later incorporated conjunto and banda.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=McFarland \|first=Pancho \|author1-link=Pancho McFarland \|date=2008-01-01 \|title=Chicano Hip-Hop as Interethnic Contact Zone \|journal=Aztlán: A Journal of Chicano Studies \|volume=33 \|issue=1 \|pages=173–183}}</ref> Stemming from a long culture of ''mestizaje'', Chicano rap uses samples from a wide range of music. Chicano can differentiate itself by sometimes having acoustic guitars playing Spanish melodies in the background or intros with Mexican regional music beats. Chicano Rap can be distinguished by sometimes having both English and Spanish verses. Some of the common themes within Chicano rap include but are not limited to: Love, experiences of being Mexican in the United States of America, Political problems, inequality, but also drug usage and money.<ref name=mcfarland/> Chicano rap often include narratives that include gang violence and life in the varrio, by using lyrics in ']', Chicano rap embraces the reality of being Mexican-American.<ref name=":1" />

			During the late 1980s and 90s Chicano rap was brought by artist who shared their personal experiences through their lyrics.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal \|last=Mausfeld \|first=Dianne Violeta \|date=2019 \|title='These stories have to be told': Chicano rap as historical source \|url=https://journal.equinoxpub.com/PMH/article/view/18149 \|journal=Popular Music History \|language=en \|volume=12 \|issue=2 \|pages=174–193 \|doi=10.1558/pomh.39209 \|s2cid=225900686 \|issn=1743-1646}}</ref>
	Cuban-American artist ] was the first Latino artist to have a major bilingual single attached to his 1989 debut<ref name="mellow"></ref><ref name="history"></ref>. Although Mellow Man often used Chicano slang as a result of his East Los Angeles upbringing, Kid Frost receives the credit as the first major Chicano rapper given Mellow Man was not of Mexican descent. Mellow Man, referred to as the "Godfather of Latin Rap", brought mainstream attention to ] rhyming with his platinum single "Mentirosa", which was based on a riff from the song ] by ] musician ].<ref name="mellow"></ref>. In 1991, Kid Frost, Mellow Man, ] and several other Latin rappers formed the group ] and released a self titled album which featured the hit "Lowrider (On the Boulevard)"{{Fact\|date=June 2009}}. In 1991, A.L.T. released the album "Another Latin Timebomb", featuring his hit remake of the song ]. In 1990, the Chicano hip hop group ] released their album ], which included hits "On a Sunday Afternoon" and "Latin Active". ], of which Mellow Man Ace was a member before going solo, is sometimes considered Chicano rap due to their use of popular Chicano slang and because they often reference Chicano culture in their music and videos, along with the fact that the lead rapper, ], is of half Mexican descent. They were the first Latino rap group to reach platinum status, with ] credited as the first Latino solo artist to reach platinum sales for an LP.<ref name="pun"></ref> Cypress Hill has also collaborated with another Chicano group, ], which is led by brothers Sick Jacken (Joaquin Gonzalez) and Big Duke (Gustavo Gonzalez){{Fact\|date=June 2009}}. In the mid-90s, ] formed the group ] as a Chicano version of the rap group ]{{Fact\|date=June 2009}}. Chicano rapper ], combines his rap vocals with metal and funk music, in the band ]{{Fact\|date=June 2009}}.

			In the mid-1990s, ] formed the group ]. Consisting of members Wicked, Klever, and Trouble, ] was essentially the Chicano equivalent of N.W.A.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Allah \|first=Sha Be \|date=2018-10-17 \|title=The Source {{!}}Toker Of Eazy-E's group Brownside Passed Away At 51 \|url=https://thesource.com/2018/10/16/toker-of-eazy-es-group-brownside-passed-away-at-51/ \|access-date=2022-12-02 \|website=The Source \|language=en-US}}</ref> Drawing their experiences in society into their music, Brownside illustrated the harsh realities of life and the Chicano experience.
⚫	During the ~~1990's~~, some Chicano rappers such as ~~] and~~ Sinful of the Mexicanz began using influences from Mexican music in their beats and delivery, although this subgenre of music is sometimes referred to today as "~~Urban~~ ~~Regional~~" and not always representative of Chicano ~~Rap~~<ref name="kemo"></ref><ref name="urban"></ref>. The hip hop group ] also combines traditional Mexican regional music with hip hop vocals.

		⚫	During the 1990s, some Chicano rappers such as Sinful of the Mexicanz began using influences from Mexican music in their beats and delivery, although this subgenre of music is sometimes referred to today as "urban regional" and not always representative of Chicano rap.<ref name="kemo"> {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070817125856/http://www.ukhh.com/bhh/international/kemo_the_blaxican-simple_plan.htm \|date=2007-08-17 }}</ref><ref name="urban"> {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061129022352/http://corporate.univision.com/corp/en/pr/Woodland_Hills_18112003-2.html \|date=November 29, 2006 }}</ref> The hip hop group ] also combines traditional Mexican regional music with hip hop vocals.
	One of the most widely recognized Chicano rappers today is ] of San Diego, whose single "Summer Nights" was considered a major crossover and received heavy rotation on radio station and video programs not directly related to Chicano rap music<ref name="rob"></ref>.

			Starting from the release of his 1995 album, ''],'' ] began to include the issues of immigration and drug trafficking related to the ] by incorporating the sound of '']s'' into his raps, further establishing the connection between ] and Chicano rap.<ref name=":1" />
	Many Chicano rappers have been heavily influenced by ], including many themes relevant to the Mexican and Chicano people living in the United States and Mexico <ref name="chicano"></ref>. Chicano Rap is mainly enjoyed by hip hop listeners in the United States; and has also established a cult fan base following in Japan<ref name="japan"></ref>, although its main audience consists of Hispanics or Latinos living on the West Coast, the Southwest and the Midwest. Its ability to reach large audiences without mainstream airplay or media promotion is due largely in part to nationwide ] car tours and their accompanying concerts headlined by Chicano rappers<ref name="tours"></ref>. This environment allows Chicano Rap artists to earn significant incomes through independent label releases while promoting directly to a target audience.

			===2000s - present===
			], Urban Kings Music and Low Profile Records introduced new Chicano rap artists. New artists include Ms Krazie,<ref> AllMusic Retrieved 8 June 2023</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web\|first= Jason \|last= Birchmeier \|title= Knightowl – Artist Biography \|website= AllMusic \|url= http://www.allmusic.com/artist/knightowl-mn0000611557/biography \| access-date=8 June 2023}}</ref> Chino Grande,<ref> </ref> and Mr. Sancho.<ref> AllMusic. 15 May 2024</ref> Charlie Row Campo released "Stop Studio Gangstas" album in 2007.<ref> AllMusic. 17 July 2023</ref> One of the most widely recognized Chicano rappers today is ] of San Diego, his album "Natural High/High Till I Die" sold 90,000 copies<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Shirley \|first=Jessica \|date=Nov 2003 \|title=The Album. \|pages=48 \|work=Teen Ink \|url= \|access-date=}}</ref> and his single "]" was considered a major crossover and received heavy rotation on radio stations and video programs not directly related to Chicano rap music.<ref name="rob"></ref> This widely successful artist has recently reappeared in the limelight, with the song Summer Nights being used in TikTok trends, and even being sampled in Destiny Roger's 2022 hit by the same name.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Destiny Rogers's 'Summer Nights' - Discover the Sample Source \|url=https://www.whosampled.com/sample/982059/Destiny-Rogers-Summer-Nights-Lil-Rob-Summer-Nights/ \|access-date=2022-11-08 \|website=WhoSampled \|language=en}}</ref> ] & ] & Serio in 2012]] Another widely known Chicano rapper is Serio of Los Angeles, with his 2012 single "Don't Hate Me Because I'm Mexican" featuring ] and ], a controversial song that called for immigration reform.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2016-12-06 \|title=Rapper Conejo extradited from Mexico on murder charges after 14 years on the lam \|url=https://www.foxnews.com/world/rapper-conejo-extradited-from-mexico-on-murder-charges-after-14-years-on-the-lam \|access-date=2024-04-04 \|website=Fox News \|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Serio">{{cite web \|title=Serio bio \|url=http://www.mtv.com/artists/serio/biography \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116061039/http://www.mtv.com/artists/serio/ \|archive-date=January 16, 2013 \|access-date=January 6, 2014 \|publisher=]}}</ref><ref name="Serio single">{{cite web \|title=Serio Dont Hate Me Because Im Mexican \|url=http://www.cdbaby.com/cd/serio8 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180226211655/https://store.cdbaby.com/cd/serio8 \|archive-date=February 26, 2018 \|access-date=January 6, 2014 \|publisher=]}}</ref>

			A Chicano rap scene has also begun to emerge in Texas. Prominent Texan artists in the genre include ] (SPM) and ].<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Ali \|first=Lorraine \|date= \|title=Lone Star Rap \|pages=72 \|work=Newsweek \|url=https://www.newsweek.com/lone-star-rap-156243 \|access-date=May 10, 2022}}</ref> SPM's sound includes influences similarly seen in the scene of West Coast Chicano rap: Latin beats, gangsta narratives, and ], however SPM differentiates itself by including sounds and vocabulary unique to the Houston hip hop scene with the newly added influence of corporate rap.<ref name=mcfarland>{{Cite journal \|last=McFarland \|first=Pancho \|date=2006 \|title=Chicano Rap Roots: Black-Brown Cultural Exchange and the Making of a Genre \|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4488380 \|journal=Callaloo \|volume=29 \|issue=3 \|pages=939–955 \|doi=10.1353/cal.2006.0150 \|jstor=4488380 \|s2cid=161769104 \|issn=0161-2492}}</ref>

			Many Chicano rappers have been heavily influenced by ], including many themes relevant to the Mexican and Chicano people living in the United States and Mexico.<ref name="chicano"></ref> Chicano rap is mainly enjoyed by hip hop listeners in the United States, but also has established a cult fan base in ] and the ]. Its main audience, however, consists of Hispanics/Latinos living on the West Coast, the Southwest, and the Midwest. Chicano culture has even reached ],<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Inside Japan's Chicano Subculture \|url=https://www.california-mexicocenter.org/inside-japans-chicano-subculture/ \|access-date=2022-10-27 \|website=The California-Mexico Studies Center, Inc. \|language=en-US}}</ref> where a small minority dresses in flannels and baggy pants, drives lowriders, and listens to Chicano rap. The Chicano rap style and culture's introduction in Japan can be attributed to Mexican-American soldiers stationed in Japan.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Helland \|first=Kristin I. \|date=June 2018 \|title=Mona AKA Sad Girl: A multilingual multimodal critical discourse analysis of music videos of a Japanese Chicana rap artist \|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2017.09.004 \|journal=Discourse, Context & Media \|volume=23 \|pages=25–40 \|doi=10.1016/j.dcm.2017.09.004 \|s2cid=149190164 \|issn=2211-6958}}</ref> Although there have been some concerns over cultural appropriation between these outcroppings of Chicano-style culture in other countries, comments under YouTube videos and reviews of music made by non-Chicanos has generally been positive. Many Chicanos choose to look at this outcropping as a sort of appreciation of their culture, rather than appropriation. Chicano rap's ability to reach large audiences without mainstream airplay or media promotion is due largely in part to nationwide ] car tours and their accompanying concerts headlined by Chicano rappers.<ref name="tours"></ref> This environment allows Chicano rap artists to earn significant incomes through independent label releases while promoting directly to a target audience.<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Sfetcu \|first=Nicolae \|title=The Music Sound \|publisher=Multimedia Publishing \|year=2021 \|isbn=978-606-033-610-5 \|location=Google \|language=English}}</ref>

		⚫	==Chicano rap labels==
			* ]
			* ]

	==See also==		==See also==
	*]		*]
	*]		*]
			*]

	==References==		==References==
	{{~~reflist~~}}		{{Reflist}}

	==External links==		==External links==
			* Source for Chicano rap artists, videos and much more.


	{{Mexican-American}}		{{Mexican-American}}
	{{hiphop}}		{{hiphop}}
			{{Music in spanish}}

	]		{{DEFAULTSORT:Chicano Rap}}
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			]
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Latest revision as of 19:49, 27 June 2024

Music genre

Part of a series on

Chicanos and Mexican Americans

Terms

Identity
Chola/o La Raza Pachuca Pachuco Pinta/o Xicanx
Concepts
Anti-Mexican sentiment

History

Early-American Period
Josefa Segovia Las Gorras Blancas Mexican–American War Mutualista San Elizario Salt War Sonoratown Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Pre-Chicano Movement
1917 Bath riots Bisbee Deportation Bloody Christmas Bracero program California agricultural strikes Cantaloupe strike of 1928 Citrus Strike of 1936 La Matanza Mexican Repatriation Operation Wetback Plan de San Diego Porvenir Massacre Sleepy Lagoon trial Zoot Suit Riots
Chicano Movement
Aztlán Black-brown unity Brown Berets Católicos por La Raza Tulare labor camps rent strike Delano grape strike Centro Cultural Chicanismo Chicano Moratorium Colegio César Chávez CFMN Conferencia de Mujeres CRP East L.A. walkouts Hijas de Cuauhtémoc Huelga schools Land grant struggle Las Adelitas de Aztlán Los Siete de la Raza Los Seis de Boulder MANA MAYO MEChA Occupation of Catalina Island PCUN Plan Espiritual de Aztlán Plan de Santa Bárbara Quinto Sol Raza Unida Party United Farm Workers
Post-Chicano Period
1985–1987 cannery strike 1992 Drywall Strike 2019 El Paso shooting Abolish ICE Arizona SB 1070 Castro 2020 Chicano Art Exhibit DACA Great American Boycott IRCA Farah strike Justice for Janitors Murder of Selena Proposition 187 South Central Farm

Culture

Language
Abrazos, no balazos Caló Chicano English Chicano names Órale
Food
New Mexican cuisine Tex-Mex cuisine Mexican-American cuisine
Music
Chicano rap Chicano rock Chicano soul Tejano music
Symbols
Cal-Style VW Homies Lowrider Lowrider bicycle Mexican-American folklore Pancho Claus Zoot suit

Literature

Literature
Chicana literature Chicano literature Chicano poetry
Autobiographical
Always Running Living Up the Street Who Would Have Thought It?
Novels
Bless Me, Ultima Caballero Desert Blood From This Wicked Patch of Dust Mexican WhiteBoy The Dirty Girls Social Club The House on Mango Street The Rain God The Revolt of the Cockroach People So Far from God Under the Feet of Jesus ...y no se lo tragó la tierra
Poetry and Short Stories
Emplumada I Am Joaquin Moment of Silence Pensamiento Serpentino The Moths

Chicano studies

Fields
Chicana feminism Chicanafuturism
Organizations
MAS Programs, Tucson NACCS UCLA Chicano Studies Research Center
Texts
Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza Brown, Not White The Church in the Barrio This Bridge Called My Back
Theory
Barrioization Coyolxauhqui imperative Gringo justice Nahui Ollin Nepantla New tribalism Rasquachismo Spiritual activism Vergüenza Youth control complex

Visual art

Visual Art
Chicana art Chicano art Chicano cinema Paño Tortilla art
Art Collectives
Asco Culture Clash East Los Streetscapers Los Four Mujeres Muralistas Teatro Campesino Royal Chicano Air Force
Art organizations
Centro de Arte Público Galería de la Raza Mission Cultural Center for Latino Arts Precita Eyes Self Help Graphics & Art
Locations
Balmy Alley Chicano Park Estrada Courts Great Wall of Los Angeles

Law

Supreme Court cases
Botiller v. Dominguez Hernandez v. Texas San Antonio I.S.D. v. Rodriguez Espinoza v. Farah Manufacturing Co. U.S. v. Brignoni-Ponce Plyler v. Doe Medellín v. Texas Flores-Figueroa v. U.S. Leal Garcia v. Texas Mendez v. Westminster Bernal v. Fainter Perez v. Brownell DHS v. Regents of the Univ. of Cal.
Federal Court cases
Madrigal v. Quilligan

Population

Population by City
Arizona (Tucson) California (Los Angeles) Illinois (Chicago) Michigan (Detroit) Nebraska (Omaha) Texas Dallas–Fort Worth Houston
Multiethnic
Blaxicans Californios Nuevomexicanos Tejanos Indigenous Mexican Americans Punjabi Mexican Americans

Lists

Chicano rap is a subgenre of hip hop that embodies aspects of the Mexican American or Chicano culture.

History

Early years

The first recognized Chicano rap album was the 1990 debut album Hispanic Causing Panic by Kid Frost; the album's lead single, "La Raza", which combined East L.A. and Tex-Mex elements, was a hit song and became an "East L.A. anthem. His success brought attention to Chicano rappers on the West Coast.

1990s

In 1990, A.L.T. released the album Another Latin Timebomb, featuring his hit remake of the song "Tequila". In 1990, the Chicano hip hop group A Lighter Shade of Brown released their album Brown & Proud, which included hits "On a Sunday Afternoon" (a top 40 hit on the Billboard Hot 100) and "Latin Active". Rap group Cypress Hill (One Cuban, One Puerto Rican), would sometimes use popular Chicano slang and culture in their music and videos. The lead rapper, B-Real, was of Mexican descent. Cypress Hill has also collaborated with another Chicano group, Psycho Realm. Chicano rap derives from American rap which bases its music on drum beats, jazz music, and bass amongst others. Early influences for Chicano rap include "oldies", funk music and later incorporated conjunto and banda. Stemming from a long culture of mestizaje, Chicano rap uses samples from a wide range of music. Chicano can differentiate itself by sometimes having acoustic guitars playing Spanish melodies in the background or intros with Mexican regional music beats. Chicano Rap can be distinguished by sometimes having both English and Spanish verses. Some of the common themes within Chicano rap include but are not limited to: Love, experiences of being Mexican in the United States of America, Political problems, inequality, but also drug usage and money. Chicano rap often include narratives that include gang violence and life in the varrio, by using lyrics in 'Spanglish', Chicano rap embraces the reality of being Mexican-American.

During the late 1980s and 90s Chicano rap was brought by artist who shared their personal experiences through their lyrics.

In the mid-1990s, Eazy-E formed the group Brownside. Consisting of members Wicked, Klever, and Trouble, Brownside was essentially the Chicano equivalent of N.W.A. Drawing their experiences in society into their music, Brownside illustrated the harsh realities of life and the Chicano experience.

During the 1990s, some Chicano rappers such as Sinful of the Mexicanz began using influences from Mexican music in their beats and delivery, although this subgenre of music is sometimes referred to today as "urban regional" and not always representative of Chicano rap. The hip hop group Akwid also combines traditional Mexican regional music with hip hop vocals.

Starting from the release of his 1995 album, Smile Now, Die Later, Kid Frost began to include the issues of immigration and drug trafficking related to the US-Mexico border by incorporating the sound of narcocorridos into his raps, further establishing the connection between Mexican folk music and Chicano rap.

2000s - present

Thump Records, Urban Kings Music and Low Profile Records introduced new Chicano rap artists. New artists include Ms Krazie, Knight Owl, Chino Grande, and Mr. Sancho. Charlie Row Campo released "Stop Studio Gangstas" album in 2007. One of the most widely recognized Chicano rappers today is Lil Rob of San Diego, his album "Natural High/High Till I Die" sold 90,000 copies and his single "Summer Nights" was considered a major crossover and received heavy rotation on radio stations and video programs not directly related to Chicano rap music. This widely successful artist has recently reappeared in the limelight, with the song Summer Nights being used in TikTok trends, and even being sampled in Destiny Roger's 2022 hit by the same name.

Another widely known Chicano rapper is Serio of Los Angeles, with his 2012 single "Don't Hate Me Because I'm Mexican" featuring Proper Dos and Conejo, a controversial song that called for immigration reform.

A Chicano rap scene has also begun to emerge in Texas. Prominent Texan artists in the genre include South Park Mexican (SPM) and Dope House Records. SPM's sound includes influences similarly seen in the scene of West Coast Chicano rap: Latin beats, gangsta narratives, and G-Funk, however SPM differentiates itself by including sounds and vocabulary unique to the Houston hip hop scene with the newly added influence of corporate rap.

Many Chicano rappers have been heavily influenced by Mexican history, including many themes relevant to the Mexican and Chicano people living in the United States and Mexico. Chicano rap is mainly enjoyed by hip hop listeners in the United States, but also has established a cult fan base in Australia and the Philippines. Its main audience, however, consists of Hispanics/Latinos living on the West Coast, the Southwest, and the Midwest. Chicano culture has even reached Japan, where a small minority dresses in flannels and baggy pants, drives lowriders, and listens to Chicano rap. The Chicano rap style and culture's introduction in Japan can be attributed to Mexican-American soldiers stationed in Japan. Although there have been some concerns over cultural appropriation between these outcroppings of Chicano-style culture in other countries, comments under YouTube videos and reviews of music made by non-Chicanos has generally been positive. Many Chicanos choose to look at this outcropping as a sort of appreciation of their culture, rather than appropriation. Chicano rap's ability to reach large audiences without mainstream airplay or media promotion is due largely in part to nationwide lowrider car tours and their accompanying concerts headlined by Chicano rappers. This environment allows Chicano rap artists to earn significant incomes through independent label releases while promoting directly to a target audience.

Chicano rap labels

References

^ McFarland, Pancho (2006). "Chicano Rap Roots: Black-Brown Cultural Exchange and the Making of a Genre". Callaloo. 29 (3): 939–955. doi:10.1353/cal.2006.0150. ISSN 0161-2492. JSTOR 4488380. S2CID 161769104.
Gold, Jonathan (August 20, 1990). "Weekend Reviews Kid Frost: Political Rap for Chicano Solidarity Pop music: His hit 'La Raza' is the first popular East L.A. anthem in years". Los Angeles Times. ProQuest 281058443.
"Bad Subjects Magazine – "Hyper-Masculine and Misogynist Violence in Chicano Rap"". Archived from the original on 2011-09-27. Retrieved 2007-06-29.
Henderson, Alex. "Brown & Proud - Lighter Shade of Brown Songs, Reviews, Credits AllMusic". AllMusic. Retrieved 16 November 2018.
McFarland, Pancho (2008-01-01). "Chicano Hip-Hop as Interethnic Contact Zone". Aztlán: A Journal of Chicano Studies. 33 (1): 173–183.
^ Mausfeld, Dianne Violeta (2019). "'These stories have to be told': Chicano rap as historical source". Popular Music History. 12 (2): 174–193. doi:10.1558/pomh.39209. ISSN 1743-1646. S2CID 225900686.
Allah, Sha Be (2018-10-17). "The Source |Toker Of Eazy-E's group Brownside Passed Away At 51". The Source. Retrieved 2022-12-02.
Low Life – "Kemo The Blaxican – Simple Plan CD" Archived 2007-08-17 at the Wayback Machine
Univision.com – "JAE-P, Urban Regional Movement's Poet" Archived November 29, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
Ms Krazie AllMusic Retrieved 8 June 2023
Birchmeier, Jason. "Knightowl – Artist Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
Chino Grande
Mr. Sancho AllMusic. 15 May 2024
Charlie Row Campo AllMusic. 17 July 2023
Shirley, Jessica (Nov 2003). "The Album". Teen Ink. p. 48.
Latin Hip Hop Interview – "Lil Rob's Summer Nights"
"Destiny Rogers's 'Summer Nights' - Discover the Sample Source". WhoSampled. Retrieved 2022-11-08.
"Rapper Conejo extradited from Mexico on murder charges after 14 years on the lam". Fox News. 2016-12-06. Retrieved 2024-04-04.
"Serio bio". MTV. Archived from the original on January 16, 2013. Retrieved January 6, 2014.
"Serio Dont Hate Me Because Im Mexican". CD Baby. Archived from the original on February 26, 2018. Retrieved January 6, 2014.
Ali, Lorraine. "Lone Star Rap". Newsweek. p. 72. Retrieved May 10, 2022.
Lil Rob Interview – "Lil Rob Represents Brown Pride"
"Inside Japan's Chicano Subculture". The California-Mexico Studies Center, Inc. Retrieved 2022-10-27.
Helland, Kristin I. (June 2018). "Mona AKA Sad Girl: A multilingual multimodal critical discourse analysis of music videos of a Japanese Chicana rap artist". Discourse, Context & Media. 23: 25–40. doi:10.1016/j.dcm.2017.09.004. ISSN 2211-6958. S2CID 149190164.
BrownPride.com – "Brown Town Looters"
Sfetcu, Nicolae (2021). The Music Sound. Google: Multimedia Publishing. ISBN 978-606-033-610-5.

External links

Chicano Rap Source for Chicano rap artists, videos and much more.

v t e Chicano and Mexican American topics
Terms	Chicano Mexican American La Raza Cholo Pachuco Pinto Blaxican Xicanx
Pre-Chicano Movement	1917 Bath riots Bisbee Deportation Bracero program Korean War La Matanza Mexican Repatriation Operation Wetback Plan de San Diego Porvenir Massacre Sleepy Lagoon trial Zoot Suit Riots
Chicano Movement	Aztlán Católicos por La Raza Centro de Arte Público Chicanismo Chicana feminism Chicano Blowouts Chicano Moratorium Mission Cultural Center for Latino Arts PCUN Plan Espiritual de Aztlán Plan de Santa Bárbara Farm workers' rights campaign Land grant struggle Colegio César Chávez Los Siete de la Raza Los Seis de Boulder Occupation of Catalina Island
Post-Chicano Movement	Aztlán 1985–1987 Watsonville Cannery strike 1992 Drywall Strike 2019 El Paso shooting Abolish ICE Arizona SB 1070 Castro 2020 DACA Great American Boycott IRCA Justice for Janitors Killing of Adam Toledo Murder of Selena Party crews Proposition 187 Xicanx
Culture	Anti-Mexican sentiment Caló Chicano art Chicano cinema Chicano literature Chicano names Chicano poetry Chicano Park Chicano rock Chicano rap Cinco de Mayo Estrada Courts murals Lowrider Mexican-American cuisine Mexican-American folklore Mexican-American women's fashion Mexican muralism New Mexican cuisine New Mexico music Paño Regional Mexican Skull art Teatro Campesino Tejano music Tex-Mex cuisine Tortilla art Zoot suit
Chicana/o Theory	Barrioization Coyolxauhqui imperative Gringo justice Nepantla New tribalism Rasquachismo Spiritual activism Vergüenza Youth control complex
Supreme Court cases	Botiller v. Dominguez Hernandez v. Texas San Antonio I.S.D. v. Rodriguez Espinoza v. Farah Manufacturing Co. U.S. v. Brignoni-Ponce Plyler v. Doe Medellín v. Texas Flores-Figueroa v. U.S. Leal Garcia v. Texas Mendez v. Westminster Bernal v. Fainter DHS v. Regents of the Univ. of Cal.
By city and region	Arizona Tucson California (Los Angeles • San Francisco • San Diego) California (Californios) Colorado (Denver) Illinois (Chicago) Kansas Maryland (Baltimore) Michigan (Detroit) Nebraska (Omaha) New Mexico (Nuevomexicanos) New York (New York City) Oklahoma Pennsylvania Philadelphia Texas Dallas–Fort Worth Houston Tejanos Utah (Salt Lake Valley)
Lists	Chicano films Chicano poets U.S. communities with Hispanic majority Mexican Americans Writers List of Hispanic and Latino Americans Bibliography List of Mexican-American communities List of Mexican-American political organizations
Category:Chicano Category:American people of Mexican descent

Hip-hop

Culture

History

Subgenres

General	Alternative Hipster hop Boom bap Bounce British Road rap Chipmunk soul Chopped and screwed Chopper Cloud rap Comedy Crunk Crunkcore East Coast Freestyle rap Hyphy Jerkin' Instrumental Latin Chicano rap Lofi Lowend Miami bass Mumble rap Nerdcore Chap hop Political Conscious Progressive rap Religious Christian Jewish Snap music Southern Turntablism Underground
Hardcore	Dirty rap Gangsta rap Mafioso rap G-funk Horrorcore Memphis rap
Trap music	Afro trap Drill Brooklyn drill Jersey drill Sample drill UK drill Latin trap Phonk Plugg Rage Tread UK trap

Fusion genres

General	Country rap Electro Emo rap Hip-hop soul Hip house Industrial Jazz rap New jack swing Pop rap Psychedelic rap Punk rap Ragga Rap opera Rap rock Trip hop
Rap metal	Trap metal Nu metal
Regional	Afroswing Bongo Flava Boomba music Cumbia rap Genge Hip-hop galsen Hipco Hiplife Igbo rap Kwaito Low bap Motswako Nā mele paleoleo Nuyorican rap Romani hip-hop Songo-salsa Scam rap Stronda Urban Pasifika Vigilante rap Zenji flava

Derivatives

Electronic	Breakbeat Baltimore club Florida breaks Ghetto house Ghettotech Glitch hop Grime Illbient Freestyle Wonky
Other	Funk carioca Reggaeton Alternative reggaeton

Regional scenes

African	Algerian Angolan Beninese Botswana Gambian Ghanaian Ivorian Kenyan Malawian Mauritian Moroccan Namibian Nigerian Port Harcourt Nigerien Senegalese South African Tanzanian Togolese Zambian Zimbabwean
Asian	Armenian Azerbaijani Bangladeshi Burmese Chinese Indian Desi Indonesian Japanese Korean Malaysian Mongolian Nepalese Pakistani Philippine Singapore Sri Lankan Taiwanese Thai
European	Albanian Austrian Belgian Bosnian and Herzegovinian British Celtic Scottish Bulgarian Croatian Czech Dutch Finnish French German Greek Portuguese Hungarian Icelandic Irish Italian Macedonian Montenegrin Norwegian Polish Romanian Romani Russian Serbian Slovak Slovenian Spanish Swedish Swiss Ukrainian
Middle Eastern	Arabic Egyptian Iranian Israeli Lebanese Palestinian Saudi Arabian Tunisian Turkish Yemeni
North American	United States: East Coast Baltimore New Jersey New York City Philadelphia Washington, D.C. Midwestern Chicago Detroit Minneapolis/St. Paul Milwaukee Omaha Southern Atlanta Memphis Miami West Coast Northwest Alaska Asian American Latin Native American Outside the US: Canadian Cuban Dominican Haitian Mexican Salvadoran
Oceanian	Australian New Zealand Samoan
South American	Brazilian Brasília Chilean Colombian

Latest revision as of 19:49, 27 June 2024

History

Early years

1990s

2000s - present

Chicano rap labels

See also

References

External links