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{{Infobox settlement
]
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
]
| name = New Town
]'s '''New Town''' is a neighbourhood dating from the ]. It lies just north of the ] and is connected to it by ''ulica Freta'' ({{lang-en|Freta Street}}), where ] was born, which begins at the ]. Like the Old Town, the New Town was destroyed by the ]s during ] and rebuilt after the war.
| official_name =
| native_name_lang =
| settlement_type = ] and ] area
| image_skyline = Rynek Nowego Miasta w Warszawie 2017.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = ] in 2017.
| image_shield =
| shield_alt =
| image_map1 = File:PL Warsaw nowe miasto location.svg
| map_caption1 = The location of the neighbourhood of New Town in the district of ], in accordance to the ].
| image_map2 =
| map_caption2 =
| coordinates = {{Coord|52|15|10|N|21|00|29|E|region:PL_type:city(1,800,000)|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Poland}}
| subdivision_type1 = ]
| subdivision_name1 = ]
| subdivision_type2 = ]
| subdivision_name2 = ]
| subdivision_type3 = ]
| subdivision_name3 = ]
| subdivision_type4 = ]
| subdivision_name4 = ]
| established_title =
| established_date =
| parts_type =
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| p1 =
| government_footnotes =
| leader_party =
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| unit_pref = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_footnotes =
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| elevation_m =
| population_footnotes =
| population_total =
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| population_density_km2 =
| population_note =
| timezone = ]
| utc_offset = +1
| timezone_DST = ]
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
| area_code =
| blank_name =
| blank_info =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''New Town''',{{efn|]: ''Nowe Miasto''}} historically known as '''New Warsaw''',{{efn|]: ''Nowa Warszawa''; ]: ''Nova Varsovia''}}<ref>''Encyklopedia Warszawy''. Warsaw: ], 1994, p. 548. ISBN 83-01-08836-2.</ref> is a ], and an area of the ], in the city of ], ], located within the district of ].


The town of New Warsaw had been established in the early 15th century, being located to the north from ]. In 1791, it had been incorporated into the city of Warsaw.
==See also==

{{Commons category|New Town in Warsaw}}
==History==
*]
The ] of the New Town was formed at the turn of the 14th century as an independent city.<ref name="perelki">{{cite web |url=http://www.um.warszawa.pl/v_syrenka/perelki/index_en.php?mi_id=64&dz_id=3|title=The New Town|work=www.um.warszawa.pl|access-date=2010-01-26}}</ref> The official recognition of the New Town occurred in 1408, when it was separated from the Old Town by an act issued by ], ].<ref name="wilson">{{cite book |author1=Neil Wilson |author2=Tom Parkinson |author3=Richard Watkins |title=Poland|year=2005 |page=67|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=1-74059-522-X }}</ref> At that time the new city encompassed the territory of the New Town Market Square and streets - ''Freta, Kościelna, Koźla, Przyrynek, Stara'' and ''Zakroczymska''. It was independent from the Old Town authorities and had its own ], council and a ]. In 1411 the ] was erected, and according to the 1546 mensuration there were 204 estates in the Warsaw New Town. The largest investment of that time was the ] bridge built between 1568-1573 by Erazm Cziotko (c. {{convert|500|m|ft|abbr=on}} long).<ref>{{cite web |author = Jerzy S. Majewski |url = http://miasta.gazeta.pl/warszawa/1,97596,2049149.html |title = Most Zygmunta Augusta |work = miasta.gazeta.pl |date =2004-04-29 |access-date = 2009-10-25|language=pl}}</ref> Unfortunately it was destroyed in 1603 by the drifting ice floes.

] near ]]]

The disastrous time of the Swedish-]ian invasion (1655–1660), left the predominantly timber buildings of the New Town burned, but because of those events many beautiful and more permanent buildings were erected (the Town Hall, built in 1680; ], 1688–1692; the ], 1682–1684; the Holy Spirit Church, 1707–1717; and the ornate chapel of the Kotowski family, constructed between 1691-1694) by the most prominent Warsaw architects (especially ]).<ref name="wilson" /> After 1791, due to the tenets of the ], the New Town was incorporated into the city of Warsaw. That is why the Town Hall was pulled down in 1818.

During the ] (1 August – 2 October 1944) the New Town was completely destroyed due to the extensive ] of the insurgent positions by the Germans.<ref name="wilson" /><ref name="hanson">{{cite book |author=Joanna K. M. Hanson|title=The Civilian Population and the Warsaw Uprising of 1944|year=2004 |page=99|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=0-521-53119-5 }}</ref> Many historic edifices, that served as ]s and ]s for the inhabitants were razed to the ground.<ref name="wilson" /><ref name="hanson" /> The reconstruction of the New Town begun in 1954. However, some of the significant buildings were not restored by the ] (e.g., ]).<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.varsovia.pl/varsovia/index.php-frame%3Dmain%26mapa%3D0%26item%3D3507%26top%3D23.htm |title = Zespół kościelno-klasztorny Sakramentek na Rynku Nowego Miasta |work = www.varsovia.pl |access-date = 2008-07-09 |language = pl |archive-date = 2008-06-13 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080613214004/http://www.varsovia.pl/varsovia/index.php-frame%3Dmain%26mapa%3D0%26item%3D3507%26top%3D23.htm |url-status = live }}</ref>

==Symbols==
]
As a separate territorial entity, the New Town was using its own seal with a coat of arms. A version known from 1648 features a female figure and a ] standing on its back feet. It can be found in the ]. The inscription in the rim is in Latin: "SIGILLUM * NOVA * CIVITATIS * VARSCHOVIENSIS".<ref>Stefan Krzysztof Kuczyński: ''Herb Warszawy''. Warsaw: Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, 1977, p. 37.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://histmag.org/Nowe-Miasto-w-Warszawie-obchodzi-600-urodziny-2084|title=Nowe Miasto w Warszawie obchodzi 600 urodziny|website=histmag.org|access-date=2020-02-09|archive-date=2021-07-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709184623/https://histmag.org/Nowe-Miasto-w-Warszawie-obchodzi-600-urodziny-2084|url-status=live}}</ref> In the Middle Ages, the image of a virgin with a unicorn on her knees was a frequent motif of Christian art as a symbol of the Blessed ], and the unicorn itself symbolized ].

After the incorporation of the New Town into Warsaw, the ] began to be used as the coat of arms. The image of a girl with a unicorn can still be found in the main square, it decorates the top of the well in front of the ]. An eclectic cast-iron well from the second half of the nineteenth century set up there around 1957.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.whitemad.pl/rynek-nowego-miasta-w-warszawie/|title=STOŁECZNE PLACE: RYNEK NOWEGO MIASTA W WARSZAWIE |author=Mateusz Markowski|date=8 March 2022|language=pl}}</ref>


==Gallery== ==Gallery==

===Historical images=== ===Historical images===
<gallery style="text-align:center"> <gallery>
Image:Fo canaletto rynek nowego miasta.jpg|''The New Town by ]'' Image:Bellotto New Town Market Square.jpg|''The New Town by ]''
Image:Ratusz New Town.jpg|''The Nowe Miasto Town Hall in 1784'' Image:Ratusz New Town.jpg|''The Nowe Miasto Town Hall in 1784''
Image:Norblin Warsaw New city Square.jpg|''The New Town by ]'' Image:Norblin Warsaw New city Square.jpg|''The New Town by ]''
Line 16: Line 87:


===Churches=== ===Churches===
<gallery style="text-align:center" perrow=3> <gallery>
Image:Kościół Nawiedzenia Najświętszej Marii Panny - 02.jpg|''], 1411''<ref name=churchs> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321200425/https://www.suerteprzewodnicy.pl/blog/koscioly-w-warszawie-stare-miasto-i-nowe-miasto-top-10/ |date=2023-03-21 }}. List of churches located in the New Town in Warsaw.</ref>
Image:VarsaviaVisitazioneSMariaDxViaPiesza.jpg|''], 1411''
Image:Kościół św. Jacka w Warszawie.jpg|''], 1603-1639'' Image:Kościół św. Jacka w Warszawie 2020.jpg|''], 1603-1639''<ref name=churchs/>
Image:Kościól Świętego Benona w Warszawie.jpg|''St. Benno Church, 1669'' Image:Kościól Świętego Benona w Warszawie.jpg|''St. Benno Church, 1669''<ref name=churchs/>
Image:VarsaviaSanCasimiro.jpg|''], 1688-1692'' Image:Saint Kazimierz Church in Warsaw - New Town.jpg|''], 1688-1692''<ref name=churchs/>
Image:Kosciol sw ducha.jpg|''Holy Spirit Church, 1717'' Image:Kościół św. Ducha w Warszawie.jpg|''Holy Spirit Church, 1717''<ref name=churchs/>
Image:Kosciol sw franciszka.jpg|''St. Francis Church, 1733'' Image:Kościół św. Franciszka w Warszawie 2021.jpg|''St. Francis Church, 1733''<ref name=churchs/>
</gallery> </gallery>


===Others=== ===Others===
<gallery style="text-align:center"> <gallery>
Image:VarsaviaVecchiaPolveriera.jpg|''], 1582'' Image:VarsaviaVecchiaPolveriera.jpg|''], 1582''
Image:Warszawa - Pałac Sapiehów 01.jpg|''], 1731-36'' Image:Pałac Sapiehów w Warszawie elewacja frontowa 20202.jpg|''], 1731-36''
Image:POL Warsaw pałac sierakowskiego1.jpg|''Sierakowski Palace, 1784'' Image:Pałac Sierakowskiego w Warszawie 2019.jpg|''Sierakowski Palace, 1784''
Image:Warszawa palacraczynskich 001.jpg|''Raczyński Palace, 1786'' Image:Pałac Raczyńskich w Warszawie 2023.jpg|''Raczyński Palace, 1786''
Image:Historyczne centrum warszawy.png|''The historical center of Warsaw''
Well at Rynek Nowego Miasta.png|''The unicorn well at the main square''
</gallery> </gallery>

==See also==
{{Commons category|New Town in Warsaw}}
*]
*]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}


==External links== ==External links==
{{Wikivoyage|Warsaw/Old and New Town|Warsaw - Old & New Town}}
{{commons category|New Town in Warsaw}}
* *


{{Neighbourhoods of Śródmieście, Warsaw}}
{{coord missing|Poland}}

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Latest revision as of 22:55, 3 January 2025

Neighbourhood and City Information System area in Warsaw, Masovian Voivodeship, Poland
New Town
Neighbourhood and City Information System area
New Town Market Place in 2017.New Town Market Place in 2017.
The location of the neighbourhood of New Town in the district of Śródmieście, in accordance to the City Information System.The location of the neighbourhood of New Town in the district of Śródmieście, in accordance to the City Information System.
Coordinates: 52°15′10″N 21°00′29″E / 52.25278°N 21.00806°E / 52.25278; 21.00806
Country Poland
VoivodeshipMasovian Voivodeship
City countyWarsaw
DistrictŚródmieście
Municipal neighbourhoodStaromiejskie
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)

New Town, historically known as New Warsaw, is a neighbourhood, and an area of the City Information System, in the city of Warsaw, Poland, located within the district of Śródmieście.

The town of New Warsaw had been established in the early 15th century, being located to the north from Old Warsaw. In 1791, it had been incorporated into the city of Warsaw.

History

The historic district of the New Town was formed at the turn of the 14th century as an independent city. The official recognition of the New Town occurred in 1408, when it was separated from the Old Town by an act issued by Janusz I the Old, Duke of Masovia. At that time the new city encompassed the territory of the New Town Market Square and streets - Freta, Kościelna, Koźla, Przyrynek, Stara and Zakroczymska. It was independent from the Old Town authorities and had its own vogt, council and a town hall. In 1411 the Parish Church of St. Mary was erected, and according to the 1546 mensuration there were 204 estates in the Warsaw New Town. The largest investment of that time was the Sigismund Augustus bridge built between 1568-1573 by Erazm Cziotko (c. 500 m (1,600 ft) long). Unfortunately it was destroyed in 1603 by the drifting ice floes.

Birthplace of Marie Skłodowska Curie near St. Hyacinth's Church

The disastrous time of the Swedish-Brandenburgian invasion (1655–1660), left the predominantly timber buildings of the New Town burned, but because of those events many beautiful and more permanent buildings were erected (the Town Hall, built in 1680; St. Kazimierz Church, 1688–1692; the Kotowski Palace, 1682–1684; the Holy Spirit Church, 1707–1717; and the ornate chapel of the Kotowski family, constructed between 1691-1694) by the most prominent Warsaw architects (especially Tylman Gamerski). After 1791, due to the tenets of the Constitution of May 3, 1791, the New Town was incorporated into the city of Warsaw. That is why the Town Hall was pulled down in 1818.

During the Warsaw Uprising (1 August – 2 October 1944) the New Town was completely destroyed due to the extensive bombardment of the insurgent positions by the Germans. Many historic edifices, that served as hospitals and shelters for the inhabitants were razed to the ground. The reconstruction of the New Town begun in 1954. However, some of the significant buildings were not restored by the Communist authorities (e.g., Kotowski Palace).

Symbols

The 1648 seal of New Town.

As a separate territorial entity, the New Town was using its own seal with a coat of arms. A version known from 1648 features a female figure and a unicorn standing on its back feet. It can be found in the Central Archive of Historical Records. The inscription in the rim is in Latin: "SIGILLUM * NOVA * CIVITATIS * VARSCHOVIENSIS". In the Middle Ages, the image of a virgin with a unicorn on her knees was a frequent motif of Christian art as a symbol of the Blessed Virgin Mary, and the unicorn itself symbolized Christ.

After the incorporation of the New Town into Warsaw, the Warsaw Mermaid began to be used as the coat of arms. The image of a girl with a unicorn can still be found in the main square, it decorates the top of the well in front of the St. Kazimierz Church. An eclectic cast-iron well from the second half of the nineteenth century set up there around 1957.

Gallery

Historical images

Churches

Others

  • Old Bridge Gate, 1582 Old Bridge Gate, 1582
  • Sapieha Palace, 1731-36 Sapieha Palace, 1731-36
  • Sierakowski Palace, 1784 Sierakowski Palace, 1784
  • Raczyński Palace, 1786 Raczyński Palace, 1786
  • The historical center of Warsaw The historical center of Warsaw
  • The unicorn well at the main square The unicorn well at the main square

See also

Notes

  1. Polish: Nowe Miasto
  2. Polish: Nowa Warszawa; Latin: Nova Varsovia

References

  1. Encyklopedia Warszawy. Warsaw: Polish Scientific Publishers PWN, 1994, p. 548. ISBN 83-01-08836-2.
  2. "The New Town". www.um.warszawa.pl. Retrieved 2010-01-26.
  3. ^ Neil Wilson; Tom Parkinson; Richard Watkins (2005). Poland. Lonely Planet. p. 67. ISBN 1-74059-522-X.
  4. Jerzy S. Majewski (2004-04-29). "Most Zygmunta Augusta". miasta.gazeta.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 2009-10-25.
  5. ^ Joanna K. M. Hanson (2004). The Civilian Population and the Warsaw Uprising of 1944. Cambridge University Press. p. 99. ISBN 0-521-53119-5.
  6. "Zespół kościelno-klasztorny Sakramentek na Rynku Nowego Miasta". www.varsovia.pl (in Polish). Archived from the original on 2008-06-13. Retrieved 2008-07-09.
  7. Stefan Krzysztof Kuczyński: Herb Warszawy. Warsaw: Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, 1977, p. 37.
  8. "Nowe Miasto w Warszawie obchodzi 600 urodziny". histmag.org. Archived from the original on 2021-07-09. Retrieved 2020-02-09.
  9. Mateusz Markowski (8 March 2022). "STOŁECZNE PLACE: RYNEK NOWEGO MIASTA W WARSZAWIE [PRZED/PO]" (in Polish).
  10. ^ "Kościoły w Warszawie - Nowe Miasto" Archived 2023-03-21 at the Wayback Machine. List of churches located in the New Town in Warsaw.

External links

Neighbourhoods of Downtown, Warsaw
City Information System areas Coat of arms of Mokotów
Administrative neighbourhoods
Others
Historical areas
Categories: