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Cannibal Corpse
Cannibal Corpse at Hellfest 2019
Background information
Origin	Buffalo, New York, U.S.
Genres	Death metal brutal death metal
Discography	Cannibal Corpse discography
Years active	1988–present
Labels	Metal Blade
Spinoffs	Six Feet Under Paths of Possession Voodoo Gods Serpentine Dominion Blotted Science Conquering Dystopia
Members	Alex Webster Paul Mazurkiewicz Rob Barrett George Fisher Erik Rutan
Past members	Chris Barnes Jack Owen Bob Rusay Pat O'Brien
Website	cannibalcorpse.net

Cannibal Corpse is an American death metal band formed in Buffalo, New York, in 1988, now based out of Tampa, Florida.

The band has released sixteen studio albums, two box sets, four video albums, and two live albums. The band has had little radio or television exposure throughout its existence, although a cult following began to build with the releases of their early albums, including Butchered at Birth (1991) and Tomb of the Mutilated (1992). As of 2015, they achieved worldwide sales of two million units for combined sales of all their albums. In April 2021, Cannibal Corpse received their best "first week" sales of all-time and first Top 10 on the Billboard Top Album Sales Chart as Violence Unimagined entered at No. 6 with 14,000 copies sold.

Cannibal Corpse has seen several lineup changes throughout its run, with bassist Alex Webster and drummer Paul Mazurkiewicz being the only constant members. The band's current lineup includes Mazurkiewicz, Webster, vocalist George Fisher, and guitarists Erik Rutan and Rob Barrett.

History

Formation and early releases

Cannibal Corpse was formed in December 1988 when members from recently disbanded Buffalo-area death metal bands Beyond Death (Alex Webster and Jack Owen) and Tirant Sin (Paul Mazurkiewicz, Chris Barnes, Bob Rusay) started jamming and writing music together. Bassist Alex Webster recalls "when we got going, there were only a few other bands that you’d really call death metal".

Mazurkiewicz, Barnes and Rusay knew each other from high school, and met Webster and Owen while attending area shows.

Bassist Alex Webster came up with the name Cannibal Corpse. The band played its first show at Buffalo's River Rock Cafe in March 1989, shortly after recording a five-song self-titled demo tape.

Within a year of the band's first live performance, the band was signed to Metal Blade Records. Mike Faley at Metal Blade wanted to sign the band immediately after reading the song titles in their tracklist. He heard the demo tape after having had it sent to him by the manager of the record store in which Barnes was working.

The band's full-length death metal debut album, Eaten Back to Life, was released in August 1990. Inspired by and seeking the new commercial and recording opportunities of the emerging Florida death metal scene, the band relocated to Tampa.

The band released its second full-length album Butchered at Birth on July 1, 1991. Webster recalled: We went over to Europe in ’91 for Butchered At Birth and saw this great reaction from all these people on the other side of the ocean. We were like, ‘Wow, all these people know who we are!’ We were getting two or three hundred people a night at these shows, which was really great for a band with only two albums out. It was a great surprise.”

Friction arose between the band members while touring in support of Butchered at Birth. According to Webster, Barnes was managing the tour by himself for the first time, and there were "questions about what was going on with the money." and the band privately dissolved and split into two separate camps during this time. Owen claimed to have been "in the middle" of the situation. Mazurkiewicz and Webster moved into an apartment just four doors down from the band's practice space, and composed the music to "Hammer Smashed Face" as a means to vent their frustrations with Barnes.

Tomb of the Mutilated and The Bleeding

The band released their third full-length album Tomb of the Mutilated on September 22, 1992, which was said to have showcased "some of the sickest album art and song titles of all time." Vincent Jeffries of AllMusic said, "the band's attention-getting tactics worked perfectly and record sales soared. Cannibal Corpse then became one of the biggest names in the death metal genre -- just as the group's discs and live performances were being banned all over the world." In February 1993, founding guitarist Bob Rusay was fired from the group and was replaced by Malevolent Creation guitarist Rob Barrett.

Cannibal Corpse had a cameo appearance in the 1994 Jim Carrey film Ace Ventura: Pet Detective, performing an abridged version of their song "Hammer Smashed Face".

The band released their fourth studio album The Bleeding on April 12, 1994.

After The Bleeding's touring cycle had concluded, Barrett convinced the rest of the band to relocate to Florida.

Vile, Gallery of Suicide and The Wretched Spawn

In 1995, during recording sessions for their fifth album Vile, singer Chris Barnes was dismissed because of personal differences with the rest of the band and was replaced by Monstrosity singer George "Corpsegrinder" Fisher. The band released their fifth album Vile in 1996. Webster commented, "I feel that certain people at our record label were making it sound like our careers would be over without Chris. And if the only good thing about our band was Chris Barnes, then we weren’t much of a band then, were we?" Barnes went on to perform with the band Six Feet Under and, later, Torture Killer.

In February 1997 Rob Barrett left Cannibal Corpse due to musical differences rejoined his previous bands Malevolent Creation, Solstice, and HatePlow. Pat O'Brien, who first appeared on Cannibal Corpse's 1998 release Gallery of Suicide, replaced Barrett on guitar.

Founding guitarist Jack Owen left Cannibal Corpse in 2004 to spend more time on his second band, Adrift, and also joined Deicide in late 2004. Jeremy Turner of Origin substituted on guitar for the band's 2004 tour in support of their album The Wretched Spawn. Barrett re-joined the band for a concert at the Northwest Deathfest in Washington in 2005.

Kill and Evisceration Plague

Writing for the follow-up to Kill (2006) began in November 2007, as indicated in an interview with bassist Alex Webster. Evisceration Plague, Cannibal Corpse's eleventh studio album was released February 3, 2009, to a highly positive response from fans. They also released a live DVD in 2011 entitled Global Evisceration.

Torture, A Skeletal Domain and Red Before Black

Cannibal Corpse released its twelfth studio album, Torture, in March 2012. Two early bands of the members reunited for one respective benefit concert each for Tony Lorenzo of the group Sons Of Azrael in January 2012.

In February 2014, Cannibal Corpse announced that they had begun recording their thirteenth album, A Skeletal Domain, which was released on September 16. "Sadistic Embodiment" was released as a single in July. All the song titles of the forthcoming album were announced on the same day. The same month, Metal Blade announced the publication of the band's authorized biography Bible Of Butchery, written by the British author Joel McIver.

In an August 2016 interview, drummer Paul Mazurkiewicz stated that Cannibal Corpse would likely begin recording a new album in 2017. In September 2017, the band announced their fourteenth studio album Red Before Black, which was released on November 3.

On December 10, 2018, guitarist Pat O'Brien was arrested for assault and battery; his bail was set at $50,000. On the eve of the news of his arrest, Cannibal Corpse was announced as one of the supporting acts for Slayer's final North American tour, which would take place in the spring of 2019 and also be supported by Lamb of God and Amon Amarth. On January 18, 2019, Cannibal Corpse announced that Hate Eternal frontman and former Morbid Angel guitarist Erik Rutan would fill-in for O'Brien on their future tours.

Violence Unimagined and Chaos Horrific

Cannibal Corpse entered the studio in June 2020 to begin recording their fifteenth studio album. On February 1, 2021, the band announced that the album, Violence Unimagined, would be released on April 16. They released a music video for the song "Inhumane Harvest" from the album in February. The music video was largely inspired by the Saw movie franchise. The band also announced that live guitarist Erik Rutan has officially joined the band full-time, in spite of that it is currently uncertain as to whether or not guitarist O'Brien will return to the group following his 2018 legal troubles.

By January 2023, Cannibal Corpse had begun working on their sixteenth studio album, which was listed by Revolver magazine as one of the "55 Most Anticipated Albums" of the year. On June 22, 2023, the band released a new single "Blood Blind" and announced their next record, Chaos Horrific, would be released on September 22, 2023.

Artistry

Musical style and instrumentation

Cannibal Corpse is ultimately a death metal band. Various publications have also classified the band as brutal death metal, old school death metal and speed metal.

The band's overall style is described as "brutally aggressive but melodic." The band's early releases are characterized by for their rawness and "untamed ferocity" and have been described as being "live sounding." Bassist Alex Webster commented, "I guess there’s little things I’d consider mistakes on , but that captures something: It gives them that live feel." The band's later releases are described as "technically spectacular" and "rhythmically and musically complex."

The band's early releases are described as "a progressively over-the-top approach to gore-themed death metal that pushed the envelope in every imaginable way, from cover art to song titles to the music itself." In reviews of early albums, critics have made note of the unintelligible, "thundering," "grunting" death growls of vocalist Chris Barnes, who was called "one of the best growlers in the business". Founding guitarist Jack Owen described the band's first four albums: "Eaten is thrashy, Butchered is overwritten but in a good way, Tomb is abrasive and violent, and then The Bleeding was like 'okay slow it down and concentrate." He also said, "You can hear everyone’s writing style in their own songs."

The band's songwriting makes use of hooks in both its guitar riffs and vocal cadences. Webster said, "We do not mind writing hooks, as long as they are super heavy hooks, you know what I mean? We want the songs to be memorable, as long as there is no sacrifice in the level of heaviness. And those two things should not have to be exclusive. I think you can have really catchy things that are all really heavy. I mean if we can manage to write some lyrics that are going to make you want to remember them and sing along to them each time they come around, then mission accomplished I think right?"

Chris Barnes' vocals on early Cannibal Corpse albums have been described as "indecipherable growls," while opting for a more intelligible style on The Bleeding.

According to Guitar World, "Webster’s galloping three-finger technique unlocks speed and accuracy that other bassists can only dream of; remarkably, he achieves great attack and clarity without the need for a pick."

Lyrical themes

The band's lyrics and song titles draw heavily on horror fiction, horror films and true crime. Music journalist T Coles assessed, "of the myriad of styles that emerged in this time, Cannibal Corpse's was the least subtle." The band's lyrics are described as "parading a revolting fascination with the human body," drawing comparisons to Carcass, albiet "with a vividly cinematic perspective." According to Alex Webster, "We saw that a lot of bands in Florida seemed to have more of a darker, anti-religion thing going on, so we decided to do the gore thing with the art and lyrics." George "Corpsegrinder" Fisher stated that the band does not sing about religion or politics, and described the band's songs as "short stories" that could be converted into horror films. He said, "We like gruesome, scary movies, and we want the lyrics to be like that."

The lyrics of original vocalist Chris Barnes have been described as "ludicrously over the top." Examples of song titles from the band's early releases include “Entrails Ripped From a Virgin’s Cunt,” “Fucked With a Knife” and “Post Mortal Ejaculation.” According to sociologist Natalie J. Purcell, "the lyrics of these songs contain terrifying lines describing morbid urges to slaughter and sexually exploit others, particularly the weak. Perhaps these songs are especially disturbing because they relate such tales from the perspective of the perpetrator."

According to Jon Weiderhorn of Loudwire, "what separated from other death metal bands were the grizzly lyrics the lyrical extremism matched the graphic subject matter, an aesthetic that helped fuel the development of the even more extreme subgenre goregrind." In his review of The Bleeding, Jason Birchmeier of Allmusic explained, "it's worth noting for novices that this stuff isn't for the lighthearted and shouldn't be taken too seriously, even if songs titles like "She Was Asking for It" perhaps go too far, even for this genre."

Influences

The members of the band were originally inspired by thrash metal bands like Metallica, Slayer, Testament, Dark Angel, S.O.D., Sadus, Sodom, Kreator, D.R.I. and Sacrifice, and early death metal bands such as Deicide, Possessed, Autopsy, Napalm Death, Morbid Angel and Death. Jack Owen also stated that he was influenced by Bay Area thrash bands such as Exodus in the beginning. Webster has stated that the band was fond of early black metal bands such as Venom and Bathory in its early days as well. Drummer Paul Mazurkiewicz said, "Nothing inspired me other than what we were doing. We were narrow-minded in those days. If it wasn't death metal, we weren't listening to it." On Tomb of the Mutilated, the band began drawing more technical and progressive influences from Florida death metal acts such as Atheist and Cynic.

Influence and legacy

Cannibal Corpse has been called "one of metal's goriest, most vile outfits." The band was particularly influential in pushing the extremity of lyrical subject matter in extreme metal. In the early years of the Florida death metal scene, the group was considered one of the most shocking for its transgression of taste in its depiction of torture, murder, and mutilation, often in highly sexual, misogynistic and sadistic terms. Its extremity influenced the emergence of the even more extreme subgenre of goregrind. Cannibal Corpse has been cited as an influence by extreme metal and heavy metal bands of numerous subgenres, including The Black Dahlia Murder, Disgorge, Whitechapel, All Shall Perish, Suicide Silence, Carnifex, Slipknot, As I Lay Dying, All That Remains and Escape the Fate.

Controversy and censorship

Cannibal Corpse's lyrics, song titles, album covers and merchandise artwork frequently feature transgressive and macabre imagery, including depictions of extreme violence, which the band has always defended as artistic expression that is clearly fictional. Bassist Alex Webster commented, "most Western music is people singing from the heart — singing to a girlfriend, so a lot of people are freaked out by our songs". The band's album art (most often by Vincent Locke) and lyrics, drawing heavily on horror fiction and horror films, are highly controversial. At different times, several countries, such as Germany and Russia, have banned Cannibal Corpse from performing within their borders, or have banned the sale and display of original Cannibal Corpse album covers.

According to Metal Blade Records president Brian Slagel, "there were times in Europe that were really scary, to the point where the local government said if they played their songs then would arrest them immediately."

Vocalist George Fisher has stated that death metal is best understood as "art" and claims that far more violent art can be found at the Vatican, pointing out that such depictions are arguably more transgressive because they actually happened. On the same topic, George "Corpsegrinder" Fisher stated the band does not sing about religion or politics, and that the band's songs are simply "short stories" that could be converted into horror films. He said: "Really, that's all it is. We like gruesome, scary movies, and we want the lyrics to be like that. Yeah, it's about killing people, but it's not promoting it at all. Basically these are fictional stories, and that's it. And anyone who gets upset about it is ridiculous."

Webster recalled, "It got to the point where it entered global politics. That's something I never imagined, and I never heard Joe Lieberman actually say these words, but he said this about us: " is deplorable. They have a song about having sex with a severed head." I wish I could have heard him say that shit. I'd love that sound bite."

United States

In May 1995, then-US Senator Bob Dole accused Cannibal Corpse—along with hip hop acts including the Geto Boys and 2 Live Crew—of undermining the national character of the United States. Vocalist George Fisher recalled, "people were bitching us out on TV but it was like ‘cool, you’re not hurting us and you’re telling millions of people who we are’ – good job. ‘Undermining the youth’ – yeah, because we want people to get arrested and not come to our shows. We want regular jobs – great plan!”

A year later, the band came under fire again, this time as part of a campaign by William Bennett, Senator Joe Lieberman, then-Senator Sam Nunn, and National Congress of Black Women chair C. Delores Tucker to get major record labels—including Time Warner, Sony, Thorn-EMI, PolyGram and Bertelsmann—to "dump 20 recording groups responsible for the most offensive lyrics".

Australia

As of October 23, 1996, the sale of any Cannibal Corpse audio recording then available was banned in Australia and all copies of such had been removed from music shops. At the time, the Australian Recording Industry Association and the Australian Music Retailers Association were implementing a system for identifying potentially offensive records, known as the "labelling code of practice".

All ten of Cannibal Corpse's albums, the live album Live Cannibalism, the boxed set 15 Year Killing Spree, the EP Worm Infested, and the single "Hammer Smashed Face" were re-released in Australia between 2006 and 2007, finally classified by ARIA and allowed for sale in Australia. However, they are all "restricted" and only sold to those over 18 years of age. Some are sold in "censored" and "uncensored" editions, which denotes the change of cover art. Despite this, when displayed in some stores, even the "uncensored" editions are censored manually.

After discussion of banning them from touring, Australian comedy act The Chaser did a lounge music version of their song "Rancid Amputation" on their show The Chaser's War on Everything, arguing that being able to perform the same song as lounge music on television proves that the music, and not the lyrics, is the problem.

Germany

In Germany, numerous albums have been indexed by the Federal Agency for Child and Youth Protection in the Media, which means that these albums may only be offered and sold to adults and must disappear from regular retail outlets.

• Eaten Back to Life (1990), on the index since August 1995
• Tomb of the Mutilated (1992), on the index since November 1995
• Hammer Smashed Face EP (1993), on the index since November 1995
• Worm Infested EP (2003), on the index since January 2005
• Evisceration Plague (2009), on the index since April 2010

The indexed songs may only be played in front of an adult audience and the organizer must ensure that no minors attend the event by means of an age check.

Some albums have even been confiscated by the courts and may no longer even be sold to adults.

• Butchered at Birth (1991), on the index since October 1991, confiscated since 1994
• Created to Kill (2000, a bootleg release consisting of demo recordings), on the index since August 2011, confiscated since November 2012
• Torture (2012), on the index since December 2012, confiscated since December 2013
• Vile (1996), on the index since September 2015, confiscated since July 2017

In a 2004 interview, George Fisher attempted to recall what originally provoked the ban:

"A woman saw someone wearing one of our shirts, I think she is a schoolteacher, and she just caused this big stink about it. So we can't play anything from the first three records. And it really sucks because kids come up and they want us to play all the old songs — and we would — but they know the deal. We can't play 'Born in a Casket' but can play 'Dismembered and Molested'."

In a 2019 interview with Christa Jenal, the teacher behind the numerous banning proceedings, spoke about the band:

"I have been dealing with the potential for brutalization in society for decades. In this context, I came across the band around 25 years ago because, as a teacher, I saw pupils wearing T-shirts depicting babies on grappling hooks. They were freely available on the market at the time. I've been educating people ever since. Cannibal Corpse is not the only band, but I see it as symptomatic of how far things can go when state institutions turn a blind eye.

Russia

Six of the eight planned shows from the band's 2014 Russian tour were canceled after protests from local Orthodox activists. A month before the tour, religious activist Dimitry Tsorionov said Cannibal Corpse's music was punishable under Russian law because it "incites religious division." He commented unfavorably on the lyrics, saying they promoted "death, violence, as well as various kinds of sexual perversion." The gig in Nizhny Novgorod was stopped halfway through the set, after police conducted a search for drugs at the venue. The concert in Saint Petersburg was canceled at the last minute because of unspecified "technical reasons", OMON arrived shortly after and arrested eighteen concertgoers. Cannibal Corpse members stated that Russian authorities threatened to detain the members if they performed because they did not have the correct work visas.

Responses to censorship

In response to accusations that his band's lyrics desensitize people to violence, Alex Webster argued death metal fans enjoy the music only because they know the violence depicted in its lyrics is not real:

"If you really saw someone get their brains bashed in right in front of you, I think it would have a pretty dramatic impact you'd react to it, no matter how many movies you've watched or how much gore metal you've listened to even though we've got crazy entertainment now, our social realities are actually a bit more civilized than they were back then we're not hanging people or whipping them in the street and I think that's positive improvement for any society".

He also believes the violent lyrics can have positive value, saying "it's good to have anger music as a release." George Fisher further explained, "there's nothing ever serious. We're not thinking of anybody in particular that we're trying to kill, or harm or anything."

Chris Barnes, who wrote the lyrics to the band's first four albums, said: "I never did anything for controversy. That was more a nuisance. I wanted to just write something that was exciting to me. Controversy was secondary."

Band members

• Cannibal Corpse at Rockharz Open Air 2018
• Alex Webster
• Paul Mazurkiewicz
• Rob Barrett
• George "Corpsegrinder" Fisher
• Pat O'Brien

Timeline

Recording timeline

Discography

Studio albums

• Eaten Back to Life (1990)
• Butchered at Birth (1991)
• Tomb of the Mutilated (1992)
• The Bleeding (1994)
• Vile (1996)
• Gallery of Suicide (1998)
• Bloodthirst (1999)
• Gore Obsessed (2002)
• The Wretched Spawn (2004)
• Kill (2006)
• Evisceration Plague (2009)
• Torture (2012)
• A Skeletal Domain (2014)
• Red Before Black (2017)
• Violence Unimagined (2021)
• Chaos Horrific (2023)

See also

• Cannabis Corpse

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External links

• Official website
• Cannibal Corpse discography at Discogs

• Cannibal Corpse
• 1988 establishments in New York (state)
• Death metal musical groups from New York (state)
• Death metal musical groups from Florida
• Metal Blade Records artists
• Musical groups established in 1988
• Musical groups from Buffalo, New York
• Musical groups from Tampa, Florida
• Musical quintets from Florida
• Obscenity controversies in music