Revision as of 20:29, 2 March 2010 editMarekchelsea (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users6,572 edits Undid revision 347296735 by Varsovian (talk) this is sick, he is Lithuanian of Polish descent?! Think about it...← Previous edit | Latest revision as of 23:43, 6 November 2023 edit undoTubularWorld (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users, Pending changes reviewers66,659 editsm →Bibliography: clean upTag: AWB | ||
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{{Short description|First Lady of Poland}} | |||
] in ]]] | |||
{{Infobox officeholder | |||
⚫ | '''Maria Piłsudska''' |
||
| name = Maria Piłsudska | |||
| image name = Maria Piłsudska.jpg | |||
| alt = | |||
| imagesize = 225px | |||
| office = ] | |||
| term_label = In role | |||
| term_start = November 14, 1918 | |||
| term_end = 17 August 1921 | |||
| president = ]<br/><small>(Chief of State)</small> | |||
| predecessor = Position established | |||
| successor = ] | |||
| birth_date = 1865 | |||
| birth_place = ], ], ] (now part of ], ]) | |||
| birthname = Maria Koplewska | |||
| death_date = {{death date|1921|8|17|df=y}} (aged 55–56) | |||
| death_place = ], ] | |||
| nationality = Polish | |||
| party = | |||
| spouse = {{plainlist| | |||
*{{marriage|Marian Juszkiewicz|1883|1887|end=divorce}} | |||
*{{marriage|]|1899}} | |||
}} | |||
| relations = | |||
| children = Wanda Juszkiewicz (1887–1908) | |||
| residence = | |||
| alma_mater = ] | |||
| profession = | |||
| website = | |||
| footnotes = | |||
| signature = | |||
}} | |||
⚫ | '''Maria Piłsudska''' (née '''Koplewska'''; 1865 – 17 August 1921), was a Polish socialist and independence activist, the first wife of ]'s ] ] and ostensibly the ] of Poland during most of his service as Poland's ]. | ||
⚫ | ==Life== |
||
⚫ | == Life == | ||
] ] in ]|left]]She was born in 1865 in ], at that time part of the ], to Konstanty Koplewski, a prominent physician. After graduating from high school, she moved to ], ]. There she studied in the ], a university for women, while cultivating friendships within certain revolutionary circles. It was there she met Marian Juszkiewicz, a young ] engineer whom she married in 1883. Their marriage was not a happy one, however, and fell apart soon after the birth of their daughter, Wanda, in 1887. | |||
In 1892, the beautiful, intelligent and socially poised Maria met ]. After seven years, they married on |
In 1892, the beautiful, intelligent and socially poised Maria met ]. After seven years, they married on 15 July 1899 at the village of ] near ]. Since Maria was a divorcee and the Catholic Church did not recognize divorce, she and Piłsudski had converted to ]. Soon afterward they settled in ], where Józef continued his revolutionary activities. In February 1900, they were arrested when a clandestine printing press was discovered in their apartment. After eleven months Maria was released, while Piłsudski remained imprisoned in the infamous Tenth Pavilion at the ] in the Russian-occupied part of Poland. Upon his subsequent escape from a mental hospital in St. Petersburg to which he had been transferred, the couple moved to ], in eastern ] in ]. | ||
In mid-November 1901, they relocated to ], the seat of the Polish Socialist Party's leadership. In April 1902, however, pursuant to the needs of the PPS, they returned to Lwów, and in 1904 moved to ]. | In mid-November 1901, they relocated to ], the seat of the Polish Socialist Party's leadership. In April 1902, however, pursuant to the needs of the PPS, they returned to Lwów, and in 1904 moved to ]. | ||
In May 1906 Piłsudski met ], who was working with the PPS paramilitary organization. |
In May 1906 Piłsudski met ], who was working with the PPS paramilitary organization. After a time, Piłsudski and Aleksandra began an affair. In 1908 Maria Piłsudska's daughter by her first marriage, Wanda, died. By 1909, Maria was aware of Józef's affair but refused to divorce him, and they continued to share a home until the outbreak of the ]. Maria remained popular among the PPS and its paramilitary faction, and had helped Józef gain adherents amongst them. Their marriage continued to deteriorate, however, and after his release from ] Prison in November 1918, Piłsudski abandoned her. Aleksandra Szczerbińska became his de facto wife, although for propriety's sake they had to maintain separate homes. Maria Piłsudska withdrew from public life and continued to reside in Kraków. | ||
Maria Piłsudska died in Kraków on August |
Maria Piłsudska died in Kraków on 17 August 1921. She was buried at the ] in ]. Piłsudski did not attend the funeral; two months later he married Aleksandra, by whom he had had a daughter, ], in 1918, and a second daughter, ], in 1920. | ||
== |
== Bibliography == | ||
* {{Cite encyclopedia |year=1981 |title=Maria z Koplewskich Piłsudska |encyclopedia=Polski Słownik Biograficzny |location=Wrocław |last=Garlicki |first=Andrzej |volume=26 |pages=304–305 |language=pl}} | |||
* '']'' | |||
{{Authority control}} | |||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Pilsudska, Maria}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Pilsudska, Maria}} | ||
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Latest revision as of 23:43, 6 November 2023
First Lady of PolandMaria Piłsudska | |
---|---|
First Lady of Poland | |
In role November 14, 1918 – 17 August 1921 | |
President | Józef Piłsudski (Chief of State) |
Preceded by | Position established |
Succeeded by | Aleksandra Piłsudska |
Personal details | |
Born | Maria Koplewska 1865 Vilnius, Vilna Governorate, Russian Empire (now part of Vilnius County, Lithuania) |
Died | (1921-08-17)17 August 1921 (aged 55–56) Kraków, Poland |
Nationality | Polish |
Spouses |
|
Children | Wanda Juszkiewicz (1887–1908) |
Alma mater | Bestuzhev Courses |
Maria Piłsudska (née Koplewska; 1865 – 17 August 1921), was a Polish socialist and independence activist, the first wife of Poland's Chief of State Józef Piłsudski and ostensibly the first lady of Poland during most of his service as Poland's Chief of State.
Life
She was born in 1865 in Vilnius, at that time part of the Russian Empire, to Konstanty Koplewski, a prominent physician. After graduating from high school, she moved to St. Petersburg, Russia. There she studied in the Bestuzhev Courses, a university for women, while cultivating friendships within certain revolutionary circles. It was there she met Marian Juszkiewicz, a young railway engineer whom she married in 1883. Their marriage was not a happy one, however, and fell apart soon after the birth of their daughter, Wanda, in 1887.
In 1892, the beautiful, intelligent and socially poised Maria met Józef Piłsudski. After seven years, they married on 15 July 1899 at the village of Paproć Duża near Łomża. Since Maria was a divorcee and the Catholic Church did not recognize divorce, she and Piłsudski had converted to Protestantism. Soon afterward they settled in Łódź, where Józef continued his revolutionary activities. In February 1900, they were arrested when a clandestine printing press was discovered in their apartment. After eleven months Maria was released, while Piłsudski remained imprisoned in the infamous Tenth Pavilion at the Warsaw Citadel in the Russian-occupied part of Poland. Upon his subsequent escape from a mental hospital in St. Petersburg to which he had been transferred, the couple moved to Lwów, in eastern Galicia in Austria-Hungary.
In mid-November 1901, they relocated to London, the seat of the Polish Socialist Party's leadership. In April 1902, however, pursuant to the needs of the PPS, they returned to Lwów, and in 1904 moved to Kraków.
In May 1906 Piłsudski met Aleksandra Szczerbińska, who was working with the PPS paramilitary organization. After a time, Piłsudski and Aleksandra began an affair. In 1908 Maria Piłsudska's daughter by her first marriage, Wanda, died. By 1909, Maria was aware of Józef's affair but refused to divorce him, and they continued to share a home until the outbreak of the First World War. Maria remained popular among the PPS and its paramilitary faction, and had helped Józef gain adherents amongst them. Their marriage continued to deteriorate, however, and after his release from Magdeburg Prison in November 1918, Piłsudski abandoned her. Aleksandra Szczerbińska became his de facto wife, although for propriety's sake they had to maintain separate homes. Maria Piłsudska withdrew from public life and continued to reside in Kraków.
Maria Piłsudska died in Kraków on 17 August 1921. She was buried at the Rasos Cemetery in Vilnius. Piłsudski did not attend the funeral; two months later he married Aleksandra, by whom he had had a daughter, Wanda, in 1918, and a second daughter, Jadwiga, in 1920.
Bibliography
- Garlicki, Andrzej (1981). "Maria z Koplewskich Piłsudska". Polski Słownik Biograficzny (in Polish). Vol. 26. Wrocław. pp. 304–305.
{{cite encyclopedia}}
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