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{{For|the type of special effect used in filmmaking|Special effect}}
{{npov}}
{{Other uses|Environmental activism of Al Gore}}
{{for|gorey effects in movies|Splatterfilm|}} {{otheruses|Gore}}''
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2012}}
{{primary|date=December 2016}}
The '''Gore effect''' or '''Al Gore effect''' refers to ] between occurrences of unseasonably cold weather and some events associated with ] activism, particularly those attended by former ] and ] recipient ], which was created and "amusedly" used by ].<ref name="Lovely_2008-11-25_Politico" />


== Usage ==
The "'''Gore Effect'''" is a phrase, often used in a humorous way by global warming skeptics,<ref name="Lovely_2008-11-25_Politico" /> suggesting a relationship between cold weather and appearances of former ] and ] recipient ] at ] associated events.<ref name="Waller_2009-12-26_Times" /><ref name="Lovely_2008-11-25_Politico" /><ref name="Peckham_2007_SD_p126" /><ref name="Brainard" /><ref name="Scowen_2007-02-17_GlobeMail" />
Citing the ] '']'', Peter Scowan of '']'' reported the term as "the phenomenon that leads to unseasonably cold temperatures, driving rain, hail, or snow whenever Al Gore visits an area to discuss global warming".<ref name="Scowen_2007-02-17_GlobeMail" /> Erika Lovely of ] described it as occurring when "a global warming-related event, or appearance by...Al Gore, is marked by exceedingly cold weather or unseasonably winter weather".<ref name="Lovely_2008-11-25_Politico" /> The phenomenon was reportedly first observed in January 2004 when a speech by Gore to a global warming rally held in New York City met extremely cold winter weather;<ref name="Warren_2008-11-02_OttawaCitizen" /> according to ] after another Gore speech took place on a strikingly cold day in Boston in the same year.<ref name="Bolt_2008-11-26_HeraldSun" /> "]s" use the term "half-seriously" in relation to the weather conditions at global warming venues.<ref name="Lovely_2008-11-25_Politico" /> German authors Daniel Rettig and Jochen Mai described the effect in 2012 in a popular science book about psychological mechanisms and memes, but referred to it as ].<ref name="DS">Ich denke, also spinn ich: Warum wir uns oft anders verhalten, als wir wollen, Daniel Rettig, Jochen Mai, Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, 2012, Chapter Gore effect, p. 47 ff , reception of the book see </ref> ] meteorologist ] describes use of the effect as a mere ] among weather forecasters: "in the weather community, we kind of joke about it. It's just a bad timing. Every time there's some big weather climate conference, there seems to be a cold outbreak. ... But, globally, we are still warming."<ref name="2010-01-05_CNN" />


Curtis Brainard of the '']'' has called coverage of the Gore effect "asinine", noting the distinction between short-term weather and long-term climate,<ref name="Brainard" /> while ] of the '']'' called focus on the claim "insulting".<ref name="Benen_2008-11-25_WahingtonMonthly" /> Michael Daly criticized "delight in noting coincidences between events relating to favorite subject and severe winter weather."<ref name="nydaily">{{cite news |title=The Gore Effect brings snow to New York City |first=Michael |last=Daly |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/2009/12/20/2009-12-20_if_gore_traveled_the_world_everything_would_be_cool.html |work=] |location=New York |date=December 20, 2009}}</ref> Environmentalist A. Siegel has called the jokes a "shallow observation" from "those who don't get that weather isn't climate".<ref name="Siegel_2009-03-02_HuffingtonPost" /> Phenomena attributed to the Gore effect are "chalked up as coincidence", according to Joe Joyce, a weather forecaster and environmental reporter.<ref name="Joyce_2009-03-04_weathernewengland" /> ] quoted ], a climate change denying climatologist and commentator with the ] ] in ] with the observation that "the predictable distortion of ] goes in both directions".<ref>{{cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714173956/http://fairvaluesforamerica.com/research/200912180013 |archive-date=July 14, 2014 |url=http://fairvaluesforamerica.com/research/200912180013 |title=Right-wing media seize on snow at Copenhagen conference to deem climate change a 'fraud' |date=December 18, 2009 |publisher=Media Matters for America}}</ref> ], a spokesperson for Gore, told Erika Lovely: "As amusing as this little study sounds, we don’t think it should distract us from the reality."<ref name="Lovely_2008-11-25_Politico" />
The ] based national newspaper '']'' defined the term in 2007 quoting ]'s submission to the online '']'' website as "the phenomenon that leads to unseasonably cold temperatures, driving rain, hail, or snow whenever Al Gore visits an area to discuss global warming."<ref name="Scowen_2007-02-17_GlobeMail" /> According to an article at the ] website: "The so-called Gore Effect happens when a global warming-related event, or appearance by the former vice president and climate change crusader, Al Gore, is marked by exceedingly cold weather or unseasonably winter weather." The "Politico" article notes that skeptics of global warming use the term "half-seriously".<ref name="Lovely_2008-11-25_Politico" /> "In the weather community, we kind of joke about it", Bob Marciano, a ] weather forecaster, said in January 2010. "It's just a bad timing. Every time there's some big weather climate conference, there seems to be a cold outbreak. But, globally, we are still warming."<ref name="2010-01-05_CNN" /> "Gore Effect" phenomena are "chalked up as coincidence", according to Joe Joyce, a weather forecaster and environmental reporter.<ref name="Joyce_2009-03-04_weathernewengland" />

The "Gore Effect" is a phrase that has been used in different ways in relation to ] and ] recipient ]. In one sense the phrase has been used to describe Gore's impact in raising ] as a public issue, particularly following his 2006 documentary ].<ref name="Sayre_2007-02-19_TimeMagazine" /><ref name="Cori_2007-06-21_GlobeMail" /><ref name="Rajghatta_2007-06-05_TimesofIndia" /><ref name="Mitchell_2006-09-24_NYT" /><ref name="Wright_2007-12-17_Star" /><ref name="2007-08-26_SPPP" /><ref name="Barton_2007-05-14_GlobeMail" /><ref name="Marowits_2009-11-02_NBBJ" /><ref name="Chivian_2007-10-16_NYT" /> <ref> By Christian Schiavone GateHouse News Service Apr 23, 2008</ref><ref> 21 dec 2008 ] " Ook zou het Al-Gore effect zijn uitgewerkt. Door de film 'An Inconvenient Truth' nam vorig jaar de aandacht voor milieuproblemen sterk toe." rough translation "Also the Al Gore effect may have been developed. Last year, the film "An Inconvenient Truth" strongly increased the attention to environment problems." </ref><ref name="2009-10-29_OilweekMagazine" />

In the New York Times in September 2006, Heidi Mitchell wrote of new investment in environmentally-conscious industry as reflecting an "Al Gore Effect."<ref name="Mitchell_2006-09-24_NYT" /> The term appeared in the Times of India in June 2007, described as "the relentless campaign to alert the world to the issue by the man Bush did not win against."<ref name="Rajghatta_2007-06-05_TimesofIndia" /> In 2009 the Canadian Press wrote of the Gore Effect that industry experts credited Gore with helping "to accelerate interest in green and socially responsible investing."<ref name="Marowits_2009-11-02_NBBJ" />

The term has occasionally been used with other meanings.<ref name="Vrazilek_2006-05-15_CBS" /><ref name="Zito_2006-07-02_Pittsburglive" /><ref></ref><ref></ref>

==Appearance and background==
{{primary|section}}
{{Prose}}
The use of the term "Gore Effect" in relation to cold weather coinciding with Gore's travel dates back at least to 2006 in newspapers, earlier appearances are restricted to the ] and various web pages.<ref name="Bolt_2008-11-26_HeraldSun" />

The alleged Gore Effect is often communicated in form of lists of weather events related to Global warming venues. Several start with a Speech of Al Gore on a global warming rally held in New York City on a what was described as on of the coldest days in the city`s history. <ref name="WT-GoreEffect" /><ref name="Warren_2008-11-02_OttawaCitizen" />{{rs}}

Some other events which have been described using the phrase include:

* In reference to a visit to Australia by Gore in November 2006, an opinion column in the ''Ottawa Citizen'' stated "Mr. Gore arrived in the late antipodean spring, together with a remarkable cold front and a late-season boon for the ski resorts."<ref name="Warren_2008-11-02_OttawaCitizen" /><ref name="nydaily" />{{rs}}
* A blogger at rockstarsagainstliveearth.com described low attendance at the ] concert in Johannesburg as being related to unexpected cold weather. <ref name="Tobin Harshaw">{{cite news|url=http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/07/09/live-earth-litany/?pagemode=print|title=Live Earth Litany|last=Harshaw|first=Tobin|date=July 9, 2007|work=New York Times|publisher=The New York Times Company|page=1|accessdate=12 June 2010}}</ref>
* When Gore was going to testify before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee on global climate change a ] was issued <ref name="Gavin_2009-01-27" />
* In May 2008, according to the '']'', ] experienced a cold spell during a climate change-related conference.<ref name="Warren_2008-11-02_OttawaCitizen" />
* Gore's lecture at Harvard University in October 2008 was described by a Washington Times editorial as coinciding "with low temperatures that challenged 125-year records."<ref name="WT-GoreEffect" /><ref name="nydaily" />{{rs}}
* The last days of the ], held December 7-18, coincided with snowfalls in Copenhagen as well in various parts of the US. The forecasters were promising the first white Christmas in Copenhagen in 14 years.<ref name="nydaily" /><ref name="Terry McCrann">{{cite news|url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/business/terry-mccranns-column/climate-hysteria-just-warming-up/story-e6frfig6-1225808008370|title=Climate hysteria just warming up|last=McCrann|first=Terry|date=December 08, 2009|work=Herald Sun|publisher=Herald and Weekly Times|page=1|accessdate=8 June 2010}}</ref><ref name="CanadaFreePress">{{cite news|url=http://www.canadafreepress.com/index.php/article/18499|title=Climate conference organizers asked for trouble in Copenhagen|last=Harris|first=Tom|date=January 1, 2010 |publisher=Canada Free Press|accessdate=10 June 2010}}</ref>
* An ice storm accompanied Gore's testimony about global warming before a Senate committee in January, 2009 which resulted in a snow day for the local schools.<ref name="nydaily" />
* A snowstorm caused House Speaker Nancy Pelosi to cancel an appearance at a global warming rally on the Capitol grounds in March, 2009.<ref name="nydaily" /><ref name="Joyce_2009-03-04_weathernewengland" />

The Gore Effect has also been humorously{{who}} invoked at several climate rallies.<ref name="WT-GoreEffect">{{cite web |title=EDITORIAL: The Gore Effect |url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2009/mar/04/the-gore-effect/ |work=] |date=March 4, 2009}}</ref><ref name="Bolt_2008-11-26_HeraldSun" /><ref name="Ron Smith">{{cite news|url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2010-01-08/news/bal-op.smith08jan08_1_climatic-research-unit-global-warming-climategate|title=Temperatures drop, alarmism heats up|last=Smith|first=Ron|date=January 8, 2010|work=]|publisher=The Baltimore Sun|page=1|accessdate=8 June 2010}}</ref>

==Reception==

Curtis Brainard of the '']'' has called coverage of the Gore Effect vacuous and "asinine," noting the distinction between short-term weather and long-term climate.<ref name="Brainard" /> Michael Daly criticized this as a mere delight in noting coincidences between events relating to Gore's favorite subject and severe winter weather."<ref name="nydaily"> {{cite news |title=The Gore Effect brings snow to New York City |first=Michael |last=Daly |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/2009/12/20/2009-12-20_if_gore_traveled_the_world_everything_would_be_cool.html |work=] |location=New York |date=December 20, 2009}}</ref>
] of the '']'' called focus on the claim "insulting",<ref name="Benen_2008-11-25_WahingtonMonthly" /> and environmentalist A. Siegel has called the jokes a "shallow observation" from "those who don't get that weather isn't climate".<ref name="Siegel_2009-03-02_HuffingtonPost" />
'']'' editorial staff has said, "If nothing else, the Gore Effect proves that God has a sense of humor,"<ref name="WT-GoreEffect" /> and a ] spokesperson has expressed a similar view.<ref name="dufor">{{cite news |url=http://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/blogs/YeasandNays/If_its_Al_Gore_its_cold_0127.html |first=Jeff |last=Dufour |coauthor= Patrick W. Gavin |title=Yeas &amp; Nays: If it's Al Gore, it's cold |publisher='']'' |date=January 27, 2009 |accessdate=2010-01-08}}</ref> The coincidences are without basis in science and mentioning them "doesn’t contribute much to the actual making of policy", according to Lisa Miller, Republican spokeswoman for the U.S. House of Representatives Energy and Commerce Committee, but it "can be fun". Yet some climate skeptics use the coincidences as a humorous way to make the point that global warming isn't happening as fast as they say some climate experts are claiming. Climate skeptic scientist and meteorologist Joseph D’Aleo said: "We used to kid in forecasting that whenever we were very certain about a major forecast, it would wind up being so dead wrong that we’d be embarrassed. It certainly makes you think."<ref name="Lovely_2008-11-25_Politico" />

A ] of ] in the German weekly ] describes the effect as ''Gore's personal climate disaster''. According Martensteins ironic description of various alleged occurences of the effect, it seems either to be based on a scientifically proven local cooling occuring in Gore's neighborhood or as well based on nature or God having humour.<ref Name="Martenstein_2009-09-13_DieZeit" /> The general use of the expression is, according Martenstein only half ironic, since the purported coincidences happen too often to be left out.


== See also == == See also ==
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ]


== References == == References ==
{{Reflist|2|refs= {{Reflist|30em|refs=


<!-- <!--
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<ref name="2010-01-05_CNN">Transcript, program, January 5, 2010, CNN, retrieved June 13, 2010.</ref>
<ref name="2007-08-26_SPPP"> St. Paul Pioneer Press (MN) - August 26, 2007</ref>


<ref name="Benen_2008-11-25_WahingtonMonthly">{{cite web
<ref name="2009-10-29_OilweekMagazine">
| url=http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/archives/individual/2008_11/015816.php
Oct 29, 2009 Oil Week Magazine) </ref>
| first=Steve

| last=Benen
<ref name="2010-01-05_CNN">Transcript, program, January 5, 2010, CNN, retrieved June 13, 2010</ref>
| title=Political Animal: 'The Gore Effect'

|work=]
<ref name="Barton_2007-05-14_GlobeMail"> ADRIANA BARTON VANCOUVER — From Globe and Mail Published on Monday, May. 14, 2007</ref>
| date=November 25, 2008

| access-date=June 8, 2010
<ref name="Benen_2008-11-25_WahingtonMonthly">{{cite web
| url=http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/archives/individual/2008_11/015816.php
| first=Steve
| last=Benen
| title=Political Animal: 'The Gore Effect'
| publisher='']''
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| accessdate=2010-01-12
| accessdate=2010-06-08
| archiveurl =
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| quote =
}}</ref> }}</ref>


<ref name="Bolt_2008-11-26_HeraldSun">{{cite news <ref name="Bolt_2008-11-26_HeraldSun">{{cite news
| title=Al Gore rains on his party | title=Al Gore rains on his party
| first=Andrew | first=Andrew
| last=Bolt | last=Bolt
| authorlink = Andrew Bolt | author-link = Andrew Bolt
| url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/opinion/al-gore-rains-on-his-party/story-e6frfifx-1111112535643 | url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/opinion/al-gore-rains-on-his-party/story-e6frfifx-1111112535643
| work=] |work=Herald Sun
| location=Melbourne | location=Melbourne, Australia
| date=2006-11-17 | date=November 17, 2006
| archiveurl =
| archivedate =
| quote =
}}</ref> }}</ref>

<ref name="Cori_2007-06-21_GlobeMail">Howard, Cori, "Green peace of mind", '']''. Toronto, Ont.: Jun 21, 2007. pg. L.5.</ref>


<ref name="Brainard">{{cite news <ref name="Brainard">{{cite news
| url=http://www.cjr.org/the_observatory/global_cooling_confused_covera.php?page=all | url=https://www.cjr.org/the_observatory/global_cooling_confused_covera.php?page=all
| title=Global Cooling, Confused Coverage | title=Global Cooling, Confused Coverage
| last=Brainard | last=Brainard
| first=Curtis | first=Curtis
| date=November 26, 2008 | date=November 26, 2008
| work=] | work=]
| publisher= | access-date=June 8, 2010
}}</ref>
| page=
| accessdate=2010-06-08
| archiveurl =
| archivedate =
| quote =
}}</ref>


<ref name="Joyce_2009-03-04_weathernewengland">Joyce, Joe, , March 4, 2009, New England News Channel website, (not available anymore) for Joyce's identification of post with WBZ-TV, see Web page titled {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612085933/http://wbztv.com/bios/wbz.weather.boston.9.1674237.html |date=June 12, 2010 }} (not available anymore), both Web pages retrieved June 13, 2010</ref>
<ref name="Chivian_2007-10-16_NYT">, NYT October 16, 2007 Eric Chivian, M.D. director of the Center for Health and the Global Environment, Harvard Medical School.</ref>


<ref name="Gavin_2009-01-27">{{cite web <ref name="Lovely_2008-11-25_Politico">{{cite web
| url=http://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/blogs/YeasandNays/If_its_Al_Gore_its_cold_0127.html |url=http://www.politico.com/news/stories/1108/15931.html
| title=If it's Al Gore, it's cold |title=Tracking 'The Gore Effect'
| last=Gavin |last=Lovely
| first=Patrick W. |first=Erika
|work=]
| coauthors=Jeff Dufour
|publisher=]
| date=2009-01-27
|date=November 25, 2008
| publisher=]
|access-date=June 13, 2010
| page=1
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100217043654/http://www.politico.com/news/stories/1108/15931.html
| accessdate=2010-06-12
|archive-date=February 17, 2010
| archiveurl =
|quote=For several years now, skeptics have amusedly eyed a phenomenon known as “The Gore Effect” to half-seriously argue their case against global warming. The so-called Gore Effect happens when a global warming-related event, or appearance by the former vice president and climate change crusader, Al Gore, is marked by exceedingly cold weather or unseasonably winter weather. While there’s no scientific proof that The Gore Effect is anything more than a humorous coincidence, some climate skeptics say it may offer a snapshot of proof that the planet isn’t warming as quickly as some climate change advocates say.
| archivedate =
|url-status=dead
| quote =
|df=mdy-all
}}</ref> }}</ref>


<ref name="Scowen_2007-02-17_GlobeMail">{{cite news|title=The New Climate Almanac |first=Peter |last=Scowen |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/archives/article741856.ece|newspaper=The Globe and Mail |publisher=CTVglobemedia Publishing Inc. |location=Toronto, Canada |date=March 31, 2009 |access-date=July 1, 2010 |quote=It happened in Canada this year, sort of, when tickets to a Feb. 21 speech by Mr. Gore at the University of Toronto went on sale – on the coldest Feb. 7 on record for downtown Toronto. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805103757/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/archives/article741856.ece |archive-date=August 5, 2011 }}</ref>
<ref name="Joyce_2009-03-04_weathernewengland">Joyce, Joe, , March 4, 2009, New England News Channel website, for Joyce's identification of post with WBZ-TV, see Web page titled , both Web pages retrieved June 13, 2010</ref>
<ref name="Siegel_2009-03-02_HuffingtonPost">{{cite web

| url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/a-siegel/fire-and-ice_b_171064.html
<ref name="Lovely_2008-11-25_Politico">{{cite web
| title=Fire and Ice...
| url = http://www.politico.com/news/stories/1108/15931.html
| first=A.
| title = Tracking 'The Gore Effect'
| last = Lovely | last=Siegel
| work=]
| first = Erika
| date=March 2, 2009
| work = ]
| access-date=January 10, 2009
| publisher = ]
| date = 2008-11-25
| accessdate = 2010-06-13
| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5qSe17adw
| archivedate = 2010-06-13
| quote = For several years now, skeptics have amusedly eyed a phenomenon known as “The Gore Effect” to half-seriously argue their case against global warming. The so-called Gore Effect happens when a global warming-related event, or appearance by the former vice president and climate change crusader, Al Gore, is marked by exceedingly cold weather or unseasonably winter weather. While there’s no scientific proof that The Gore Effect is anything more than a humorous coincidence, some climate skeptics say it may offer a snapshot of proof that the planet isn’t warming as quickly as some climate change advocates say. }}</ref>

<ref name="Marowits_2009-11-02_NBBJ"> Ross Marowits New Brunswick Business Journal Nov. 2 2009</ref>

<ref Name="Martenstein_2009-09-13_DieZeit">, by Harald Martenstein, Die Zeit, March 13 2009</ref>

<ref name="Mitchell_2006-09-24_NYT"> September 24, 2006 By HEIDI S. MITCHELL. NYT </ref>

<ref name="Peckham_2007_SD_p126">]</ref>

<ref name="Rajghatta_2007-06-05_TimesofIndia"> Chidanand Rajghatta, 5 June 2007, ] "Hurricane Katrina and other climatic aberrations as the Al Gore effect — the relentless campaign to alert the world to the issue by the man Bush did not win against."</ref>

<ref name="Sayre_2007-02-19_TimeMagazine">{{cite web
| url = http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1587253,00.html
| title = Measuring the Al Gore Effect
| last = Sayre
| first = Carolyn
| authorlink = Carolyn Sayre
| work = ]
| publisher = ]
| date = 2007-02-19
| page = 169.8: p20
| accessdate = 2010-06-14
| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5qUNhha32
| archivedate = 2010-06-14
| quote =
}}</ref>

<ref name="Scowen_2007-02-17_GlobeMail">Scowen, Peter, "AL GORE EFFECT, THE", definition in , February 17, 2007, '']'', quoting from Calvin, Bill, , entry, "Urban Dictionary" website, both retrieved June 13, 2010</ref>

<ref name="Siegel_2009-03-02_HuffingtonPost">{{cite web
| url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/a-siegel/fire-and-ice_b_171064.html
| title=Fire and Ice...
| first=A.
| last=Siegel
| work=]
| date=2009-03-02
| accessdate=2009-01-10
| archiveurl =
| archivedate =
| quote =
}}</ref>

<ref name="Vrazilek_2006-05-15_CBS"> Jessica Vrazilek, 15 May 2006, ], "Call it the Al Gore Effect. At the end of a presidential campaign, losing candidates either retreat, keep up the good fight or attempt the arduous task of redefining themselves. Kerry's both fighting and redefining these days. "</ref>

<ref name="Waller_2009-12-26_Times">{{cite web
| url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/banking_and_finance/article6967897.ece
| title=The year of living precariously
| last=Waller
| first=Martin
| date=26 December 2009
| work=]
| publisher=]
| accessdate=2010-06-10
| location=]
| archiveurl =
| archivedate =
| quote =
}}</ref> }}</ref>


<ref name="Warren_2008-11-02_OttawaCitizen">{{cite news <ref name="Warren_2008-11-02_OttawaCitizen">{{cite news
| url=http://www.canada.com/ottawacitizen/columnists/story.html?id=900daa9c-969f-4687-9c7c-51dfff49950f&p=2 | url=http://www.canada.com/ottawacitizen/columnists/story.html?id=900daa9c-969f-4687-9c7c-51dfff49950f&p=2
| title=Save us, please, from those who would save the earth | title=Save us, please, from those who would save the earth
| work=] |work=]
| first=David | first=David
| last=Warren | last=Warren
| date=2008-11-02 | date=November 2, 2008
| page=A.14 | page=A.14
| archiveurl = | url-status = dead
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160303211907/http://www.canada.com/ottawacitizen/columnists/story.html?id=900daa9c-969f-4687-9c7c-51dfff49950f&p=2
| archivedate =
| archive-date= March 3, 2016
| quote =
| quote = This is an example of what is now called, in urban parlance, the "Gore effect," after the Nobel-prize-winner and former U.S. vice-president. It is defined as, "The phenomenon that leads to record cold temperatures wherever Al Gore goes to deliver an important statement on global warming, or by extension, to sharp temperature drops wherever a major discussion of global warming takes place."
}}</ref> }}</ref>

<ref name="Wright_2007-12-17_Star"> Published On Mon Dec 17 2007 Lisa Wright Toronto Star.</ref>

<ref name="Zito_2006-07-02_Pittsburglive">, Salena Zitom, 2 July 2006, ] "But the Al Gore effect was still resonating,"</ref>


}} }}


== Literature == ==Further reading==
* {{cite book * {{cite book
|ref=refPeckham2007 |ref=refPeckham2007
|first=Aaron |first=Aaron
|last=Peckham |last=Peckham
|title=Mo' Urban Dictionary: Ridonkulous Street Slang Defined |title=Mo' Urban Dictionary: Ridonkulous Street Slang Defined
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u27ferHysRMC&q=Gore+Effect
|location=Kansas City, Missouri
|location=Kansas City, Missouri
|publisher=Andrews McMeel Publishing
|publisher=Andrews McMeel Publishing
|year=2007
|isbn=978-0-7407-6875-0 |year=2007
|isbn=978-0-7407-6875-0
<!--|page=126--> <!--|page=126-->
}} }}
{{Al Gore}}


] ]
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Latest revision as of 16:19, 23 September 2024

For the type of special effect used in filmmaking, see Special effect. For other uses, see Environmental activism of Al Gore.

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The Gore effect or Al Gore effect refers to coincidence between occurrences of unseasonably cold weather and some events associated with global warming activism, particularly those attended by former Vice President of the United States and Nobel Peace Prize recipient Al Gore, which was created and "amusedly" used by global warming deniers.

Usage

Citing the crowdsourced Urban Dictionary, Peter Scowan of The Globe and Mail reported the term as "the phenomenon that leads to unseasonably cold temperatures, driving rain, hail, or snow whenever Al Gore visits an area to discuss global warming". Erika Lovely of Politico described it as occurring when "a global warming-related event, or appearance by...Al Gore, is marked by exceedingly cold weather or unseasonably winter weather". The phenomenon was reportedly first observed in January 2004 when a speech by Gore to a global warming rally held in New York City met extremely cold winter weather; according to Andrew Bolt after another Gore speech took place on a strikingly cold day in Boston in the same year. "Climate skeptics" use the term "half-seriously" in relation to the weather conditions at global warming venues. German authors Daniel Rettig and Jochen Mai described the effect in 2012 in a popular science book about psychological mechanisms and memes, but referred to it as selective perception. CNN meteorologist Rob Marciano describes use of the effect as a mere in-joke among weather forecasters: "in the weather community, we kind of joke about it. It's just a bad timing. Every time there's some big weather climate conference, there seems to be a cold outbreak. ... But, globally, we are still warming."

Curtis Brainard of the Columbia Journalism Review has called coverage of the Gore effect "asinine", noting the distinction between short-term weather and long-term climate, while Steve Benen of the Washington Monthly called focus on the claim "insulting". Michael Daly criticized "delight in noting coincidences between events relating to favorite subject and severe winter weather." Environmentalist A. Siegel has called the jokes a "shallow observation" from "those who don't get that weather isn't climate". Phenomena attributed to the Gore effect are "chalked up as coincidence", according to Joe Joyce, a weather forecaster and environmental reporter. Media Matters for America quoted Patrick J. Michaels, a climate change denying climatologist and commentator with the libertarian Cato Institute in Washington with the observation that "the predictable distortion of extreme weather goes in both directions". Kalee Kreider, a spokesperson for Gore, told Erika Lovely: "As amusing as this little study sounds, we don’t think it should distract us from the reality."

See also

References

  1. ^ Lovely, Erika (November 25, 2008). "Tracking 'The Gore Effect'". politico.com. Politico. Archived from the original on February 17, 2010. Retrieved June 13, 2010. For several years now, skeptics have amusedly eyed a phenomenon known as "The Gore Effect" to half-seriously argue their case against global warming. The so-called Gore Effect happens when a global warming-related event, or appearance by the former vice president and climate change crusader, Al Gore, is marked by exceedingly cold weather or unseasonably winter weather. While there's no scientific proof that The Gore Effect is anything more than a humorous coincidence, some climate skeptics say it may offer a snapshot of proof that the planet isn't warming as quickly as some climate change advocates say.
  2. Scowen, Peter (March 31, 2009). "The New Climate Almanac". The Globe and Mail. Toronto, Canada: CTVglobemedia Publishing Inc. Archived from the original on August 5, 2011. Retrieved July 1, 2010. It happened in Canada this year, sort of, when tickets to a Feb. 21 speech by Mr. Gore at the University of Toronto went on sale – on the coldest Feb. 7 on record for downtown Toronto.
  3. Warren, David (November 2, 2008). "Save us, please, from those who would save the earth". Ottawa Citizen. p. A.14. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. This is an example of what is now called, in urban parlance, the "Gore effect," after the Nobel-prize-winner and former U.S. vice-president. It is defined as, "The phenomenon that leads to record cold temperatures wherever Al Gore goes to deliver an important statement on global warming, or by extension, to sharp temperature drops wherever a major discussion of global warming takes place."
  4. Bolt, Andrew (November 17, 2006). "Al Gore rains on his party". Herald Sun. Melbourne, Australia.
  5. Ich denke, also spinn ich: Warum wir uns oft anders verhalten, als wir wollen, Daniel Rettig, Jochen Mai, Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, 2012, Chapter Gore effect, p. 47 ff Online, reception of the book see
  6. Transcript, "American Morning" program, January 5, 2010, CNN, retrieved June 13, 2010.
  7. Brainard, Curtis (November 26, 2008). "Global Cooling, Confused Coverage". Columbia Journalism Review. Retrieved June 8, 2010.
  8. Benen, Steve (November 25, 2008). "Political Animal: 'The Gore Effect'". The Washington Monthly. Retrieved June 8, 2010.
  9. Daly, Michael (December 20, 2009). "The Gore Effect brings snow to New York City". Daily News. New York.
  10. Siegel, A. (March 2, 2009). "Fire and Ice..." The Huffington Post. Retrieved January 10, 2009.
  11. Joyce, Joe, "Fun Stories That Make You Go…”Hmmm.”, March 4, 2009, New England News Channel website, (not available anymore) for Joyce's identification of post with WBZ-TV, see Web page titled "Bios/Weather/Joe Joyce" Archived June 12, 2010, at the Wayback Machine (not available anymore), both Web pages retrieved June 13, 2010
  12. "Right-wing media seize on snow at Copenhagen conference to deem climate change a 'fraud'". Media Matters for America. December 18, 2009. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014.

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