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| '''Antenna array''' may refer to: | |||
| *an '''] array''' of ]s used in ] | |||
| *a ''']''', also known as a ], an electronically steerable directional antenna typically used in ] and in wireless communication systems, in view to achieve ], ] (MIMO) communication or ] | |||
| *'''See below:''' | |||
| An '''antenna array''' is a group of isotropic radiators such that the currents running through them are of different amplitudes and phases. <ref name=antenna-array/> These are radiators of EM frequency and energy. Antenna arrays are the solution to the problem defined as the limitations of operating a single antenna. <ref name=antenna-array/> An example of the problem is that although a dipole antenna allows for better control of direction than an isotropic (omni-directional) antenna - as the length of the dipole increases, the control of direction decreases. Hence control by changing the length of a single antenna is very limited. Greater flexibility and control can be obtained for directing the beam with an arrangement of multiple radiators.<ref name=antenna-array/> | |||
| There are a few different general types of antenna arrays. When the array is arranged in a straight line this is called a ''linear array''. <ref name=antenna-array/> Antennas arranged in parallel lines on one plane has a ''plane array'' in two dimensions.<ref name=antenna-array/> Many planes in a group of arrays or antennas results in a ''three dimensional array''. An antenna array may consist of a group of isotropic (omni-directional) radiators. Or, the array may have a group of radiators that are identical. <ref name=antenna-array/> In a group of identical radiators all the antennas must be share the same orientation in space. <ref name=antenna-array/> The same orientation results in the desired effect of reinforcement or cancellation of the electric field intensity. The same orientation ensures polarization in the same direction in space. <ref name=antenna-array>{{cite book | |||
| | last =Swarte | |||
| | first =V.V. | |||
| | title =Electromagnetic fields and waves | |||
| | publisher =New Age International Limited | |||
| | date =1993, Reprint-2006 | |||
| | location = New Dehli | |||
| | pages =396, 397, | |||
| | url =http://books.google.com/books?id=Rbqie5eQwwcC&pg=PA396&dq=antenna+array#v=onepage&q=antenna%20array&f=false | |||
| | isbn =8122404685 }}</ref> | |||
| The gain of an antenna array is typically proportional to the number of individual antennas, but is limited to how accurately they can be phased together for example in a ]. The loss due to phase errors is described by ]. | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{reflist}} | |||
| {{disambig}} | |||
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