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{{Short description|Greek mythical character}}
{{other uses}}
{{About|the figure in Greek mythology|the configuration management library|Augeas (software)}}
In ], '''Augeas''' (or '''Augeias''', ]: Ἀυγείας), whose name means "bright", was king of ] and husband of ]. Some say that Augeas was one of the ].<ref>]. '']'', .</ref>


In ], '''Augeas''' (or '''Augeias''', {{IPAc-en|ɔː|ˈ|dʒ|iː|ə|s}}, {{langx|grc|Αὐγείας}}), whose name means "bright", was king of ] and father of ]. Some ancient authors say that Augeas was one of the ].<ref>], ; ], ''Fabulae'' </ref> He is known for his stables, which housed the single greatest number of cattle in the country and had never been cleaned, until the time of the great hero ]. The derivative adjective ''augean'' came to signify a challenging task, typically improving or fixing something that is currently in a bad condition.<ref>, Cambridge Dictionary, Retrieved November 7 2024</ref><ref>, Merriam-Webster, Retrieved November 7 2024</ref>
He is best known for his stables, which housed the single greatest number of cattle in the country and had never been cleaned — until the time of the great hero ].


== Family ==
Augeas' lineage varies in the sources—he was said to be either the son of ] and Nausidame,<ref>Hyginus. ''Fabulae'', .</ref> or of ], king of Elis, and Nausidame,<ref>]. '']'', .</ref> or of ],<ref>]. '']'', .</ref> or of ] and ].<ref>Apollodorus. ''The Library'', .</ref> His children were ], ], ] (who was the mother of ] by Poseidon),<ref>Hyginus. ''Fabulae'', .</ref> ], and ].
Augeas's lineage varies in the sources: he was said to be either the son of ]<ref>] ad ], p. 303; ] ad ], 1.172; Apollodorus, </ref> either by ]<ref name=":022">Hyginus, ''Fabulae'' </ref> or ],<ref>], ''Chiliades'' </ref> or of ],<ref>], </ref> or of ], or of ] and ].<ref name=":1">], 2.88</ref> In the latter account, Augeas was probably the brother of ],<ref>Pausanias, .</ref> ]<ref>Hyginus, ''Fabulae'' </ref> and ].<ref>Eustathius on Homer, pp. 303 & 1598</ref> His children were ], ], ],<ref>Homer, '']'' 11.740; Hyginus, ''Fabulae'' </ref> ],<ref>Homer, ''Iliad'' 2.624</ref> and ].<ref>], 4.33.3</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+<big>Comparative table of Augeas' family</big>
! rowspan="2" |Relation
! rowspan="2" |Names
! colspan="10" |Sources
|-
|''Homer''
|''Theocritus''
|''Apollonius''
|''Diodorus''
|''Strabo''
|''Apollodorus''
|''Orphic Argo''
|''Pausanias''
|''Hyginus''
|''Tzetzes''
|-
| rowspan="7" |''Parents''
|Helios
|
|✓
|✓
|
|
|✓
|✓
|✓
|
|
|-
|Phorbas and Hyrmine
|
|
|
|
|
|✓
|
|
|
|
|-
|Poseidon
|
|
|
|
|
|✓
|
|
|
|✓
|-
|Eleios
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|✓
|
|
|-
|Helios and Nausidame
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|✓
|
|-
|Phorbas
|
|
|
|✓
|
|
|
|
|
|✓
|-
|Helios and Iphiboe
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|✓
|-
|''Sibling''
|Actor
|
|
|
|✓
|
|✓
|
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="5" |''Children''
|Agasthenes
|✓
|
|
|
|
|
|
|✓
|
|
|-
|Agamede
|✓
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|✓
|
|-
|Phyleus
|
|✓
|
|
|✓
|✓
|
|✓
|
|✓
|-
|Eurytus
|
|
|
|✓
|
|
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|
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|-
|Epicaste
|
|
|
|
|
|✓
|
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|
|
|}


== Mythology ==
==The Fifth Labour of Heracles==
] rerouting the rivers Alpheus and Peneus. Roman mosaic, 3rd century AD.]] ] rerouting the rivers ] and ], to clean out the Augean stables. Roman mosaic, 3rd century AD.]]


The fifth Labour of ] was to clean the Augean stables. This assignment was intended to be both humiliating (rather than impressive, as had the previous labours) and impossible, since the livestock were divinely healthy (]) and therefore produced an enormous quantity of ]. These stables had not been cleaned in over 30 years, and over 1,000 cattle lived there. However, Heracles succeeded by rerouting the rivers ] and ] to wash out the filth. The fifth ] (] in ]) was to clean the Augean ({{IPAc-en|ɔː|ˈ|dʒ|iː|ə|n}}) stables. ] intended this assignment both as humiliating (rather than impressive, like the previous labours) and as impossible, since the livestock were divinely healthy (]) and therefore produced an enormous quantity of ] ({{lang|grc|ἡ<!----> ὄνθος}}). Those stables had not been cleaned in over thirty years,<ref>{{cite book
|last=Strouf
|first=Judie L. H.
|author-link=
|date=2005
|title=The literature teacher's book of lists
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FykPAAAACAAJ
|location=
|publisher=]
|page= 13
|isbn=0787975508
}}</ref> and 3,000 cattle lived there. However, Heracles succeeded by rerouting the rivers ] and ] to wash out the filth.


Augeas was irate because he had promised Heracles one tenth of his cattle if the job was finished in one day. He refused to honour the agreement, and Heracles killed him after completing the tasks. Heracles gave his kingdom to Augeas' son ], who had been exiled for supporting Heracles against his father. Augeas reacted angrily because he had promised Heracles one tenth of his cattle if the job was finished in one day. He refused to honour the agreement, and Heracles killed him after completing the tasks. Heracles gave his kingdom to ], Augeas' son, who had been exiled for supporting Heracles against his father.


According to the Odes of the poet ], Heracles then founded the ]: According to the odes of the poet ], Heracles then founded the ]:
{{cquote|the games which by the ancient tomb of Pelops the mighty Heracles founded, after that he slew Kleatos, Poseidon's godly son, and slew also Eurytos, that he might wrest from tyrannous Augeas against his will reward for service done.<ref>Pindar. , Project Gutenberg.</ref>}} {{cquote|the games which by the ancient tomb of Pelops the mighty Heracles founded, after that he slew Kleatos, Poseidon's godly son, and slew also Eurytos, that he might wrest from tyrannous Augeas against his will reward for service done.<ref>Pindar, , Project Gutenberg.</ref>
}}


The success of this labour was ultimately discounted because the rushing waters had done the work of cleaning the stables and because Heracles was paid. Eurystheus, stating that Heracles still had six Labours to do, then sent Heracles to defeat the ]. Eurystheus discounted the success of this labour because the rushing waters had done the work of cleaning the stables and because Heracles was paid. Stating that Heracles still had seven labours to do, Eurystheus then sent Heracles to defeat the ].


==Marriage to Medea== == Notes ==
{{Reflist}}
As related by Ovid in Metamorphoses, Augeas was married to Medea. After tricking Pelias's Daughter's into committing patricide, she flies to Polypemon where "Aegeus welcomed her, in that one act / At fault: to be his guest was not enough; / He joined her in the bond of matrimony." <ref>Ovid. ''Metamorphoses''. Oxford University Press, p. 156.</ref>


==References== ==References==
{{Wiktionary|Augeas|Augean|Augean stables}}
{{reflist}}
{{EB9 Poster|Augeias}}
*], ''The Library'' with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. ISBN 0-674-99135-4. .
*], '']'' translated by ]. Twelve volumes. ]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1989. Vol. 3. Books 4.59&ndash;8.
*Diodorus Siculus, ''Bibliotheca Historica. Vol 1-2''. Immanel Bekker. Ludwig Dindorf. Friedrich Vogel. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1888-1890. .
*], ''Fabulae from The Myths of Hyginus'' translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies.
*], ''Description of Greece'' with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918.
*Pausanias, ''Graeciae Descriptio.'' ''3 vols''. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903. .
*] to ] ''Alexandra'', marginal notes by Isaak and Ioannis Tzetzes and others from the Greek edition of Eduard Scheer (Weidmann 1881). . ]


{{Twelve tasks of Hercules}} {{Labours of Heracles}}
{{Authority control}}


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Latest revision as of 16:11, 28 November 2024

Greek mythical character This article is about the figure in Greek mythology. For the configuration management library, see Augeas (software).

In Greek mythology, Augeas (or Augeias, /ɔːˈdʒiːəs/, Ancient Greek: Αὐγείας), whose name means "bright", was king of Elis and father of Epicaste. Some ancient authors say that Augeas was one of the Argonauts. He is known for his stables, which housed the single greatest number of cattle in the country and had never been cleaned, until the time of the great hero Heracles. The derivative adjective augean came to signify a challenging task, typically improving or fixing something that is currently in a bad condition.

Family

Augeas's lineage varies in the sources: he was said to be either the son of Helios either by Nausidame or Iphiboe, or of Eleios, or of Poseidon, or of Phorbas and Hyrmine. In the latter account, Augeas was probably the brother of Actor, Tiphys and Diogeneia. His children were Epicaste, Phyleus, Agamede, Agasthenes, and Eurytus.

Comparative table of Augeas' family
Relation Names Sources
Homer Theocritus Apollonius Diodorus Strabo Apollodorus Orphic Argo Pausanias Hyginus Tzetzes
Parents Helios ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Phorbas and Hyrmine ✓
Poseidon ✓ ✓
Eleios ✓
Helios and Nausidame ✓
Phorbas ✓ ✓
Helios and Iphiboe ✓
Sibling Actor ✓ ✓
Children Agasthenes ✓ ✓
Agamede ✓ ✓
Phyleus ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Eurytus ✓
Epicaste ✓

Mythology

Heracles rerouting the rivers Alpheus and Peneus, to clean out the Augean stables. Roman mosaic, 3rd century AD.

The fifth Labour of Heracles (Hercules in Latin) was to clean the Augean (/ɔːˈdʒiːən/) stables. Eurystheus intended this assignment both as humiliating (rather than impressive, like the previous labours) and as impossible, since the livestock were divinely healthy (immortal) and therefore produced an enormous quantity of dung (ἡ ὄνθος). Those stables had not been cleaned in over thirty years, and 3,000 cattle lived there. However, Heracles succeeded by rerouting the rivers Alpheus and Peneus to wash out the filth.

Augeas reacted angrily because he had promised Heracles one tenth of his cattle if the job was finished in one day. He refused to honour the agreement, and Heracles killed him after completing the tasks. Heracles gave his kingdom to Phyleus, Augeas' son, who had been exiled for supporting Heracles against his father.

According to the odes of the poet Pindar, Heracles then founded the Olympic Games:

the games which by the ancient tomb of Pelops the mighty Heracles founded, after that he slew Kleatos, Poseidon's godly son, and slew also Eurytos, that he might wrest from tyrannous Augeas against his will reward for service done.

Eurystheus discounted the success of this labour because the rushing waters had done the work of cleaning the stables and because Heracles was paid. Stating that Heracles still had seven labours to do, Eurystheus then sent Heracles to defeat the Stymphalian Birds.

Notes

  1. Apollodorus, 1.9.16; Hyginus, Fabulae 14
  2. Augean, Cambridge Dictionary, Retrieved November 7 2024
  3. Augean, Merriam-Webster, Retrieved November 7 2024
  4. Eustathius ad Homer, p. 303; Scholia ad Apollonius Rhodius, 1.172; Apollodorus, 1.9.16
  5. Hyginus, Fabulae 14
  6. Tzetzes, Chiliades 4.361
  7. Pausanias, 5.1.9
  8. Apollodorus, 2.88
  9. Pausanias, 5.1.11.
  10. Hyginus, Fabulae 14
  11. Eustathius on Homer, pp. 303 & 1598
  12. Homer, Iliad 11.740; Hyginus, Fabulae 157
  13. Homer, Iliad 2.624
  14. Diodorus Siculus, 4.33.3
  15. Strouf, Judie L. H. (2005). The literature teacher's book of lists. Jossey-Bass. p. 13. ISBN 0787975508.
  16. Pindar, The Extant Odes of Pindar, Project Gutenberg.

References

The Twelve Labours of Heracles
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