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| {{Short description|Greek folk dance}} | |||
| '''Zeibekiko''' (]: ζεϊμπέκικο) is a ] improvisational ]. Its name comes from the ] people of ]. The term can also describe the music which accompanies the zeibekiko dance, played in a 9/4 rhythm. This rhythm is common in ] and is called ''zeybeği''. | |||
| {{pp-protected|small=yes}} | |||
| {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}} | |||
| {{Expand Greek|Ζεϊμπέκικο|fa=yes|topic=music|date=September 2022}} | |||
| {{Music of Greece}} | |||
| '''Zeibekiko''' ({{langx|el|Ζεϊμπέκικο}}, {{IPA-el|zei̯ˈbeciko|IPA}}) is a ], similar to Turkish ] dance.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chrysopoulos |first=Philip |date=4 April 2016 |title=Greek and Turkish Folk Dances With Common Origins, Still Popular Today |url=https://greekreporter.com/2016/04/04/greek-and-turkish-folk-dances-with-common-origins-still-popular-today/ |website=]}}</ref> | |||
| The zeibekiko is a personal dance. Only one man at a time may dance it. If another got up, it would be a cause for conflict and possible violence, in the past. Nowadays, men either wait till the dancing man stops and then they start dancing, or they stand up so the dancer gives them his place. Women were traditionally not allowed to dance the zeibekiko unless they were ]s. In modern times women (especially tough and strong ones) may dance the zeibekiko. The dancer is surrounded by other people, who crouch on their knees while clapping for him. | |||
| ==Origin and history== | |||
| Throwing plates at the dancer's feet rarely happens and is not part of the ], despite the belief of some foreigners that it is a widespread Greek custom. Throwing flowers or other items that won't injure anyone (for example, ] plates) for the crowd to find is more common. | |||
| It takes its name from the ], an irregular militia living in the ] of the ] from late 17th to early 20th centuries.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Babiniotis|first1=Georgios D.|title=Lexiko Tis Neas Ellinikis Glossas|date=2002|publisher=Kentro Lexikologias|location=Athens|isbn=960-86190-1-7|page=707|edition=2nd}}</ref> It was first seen at the end of the 17th century in cities such as ] and ]. ] mentions in his writings that it was danced in ] and in ] at local feasts.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Πάλλης|first1=Α.|title=Σελίδες της παλιάς γενιτσάρικης Τουρκίας|date=1941|publisher=Εκάτη|location=Athens|page=231}}</ref> Originally a dance for two armed people facing one another, it developed into an improvised dance for a single male.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Tyrovola|first1=V.|title=The evolutionary process of the dynamics of popular urban culture: The case of Zeibekiko dance|journal=Proceedings of the 17th Symposium of the Study Group of Ethnoarchaeology|date=1994|pages=107–113}}</ref> | |||
| The zeibekiko is commonly referred to as the dance of dances, requiring incredible ]ism, balance, and creativity. This creativity serves to add to the mood of the zeibekiko, one of self-expression and kinship with the traditionally sombre lyrics to which the dance is performed. Hence in the old days, applause was not sought nor commonly given, out of respect. This did not, however, lessen creativity, with dancers performing feats such as standing on a glass of wine or a chair, or picking up a table, adding a sense of braggadocio and humour. | |||
| After the population exchange between Greece and Turkey in 1922, the dance became popular also in mainland Greece, in many songs of '']'' music. | |||
| ==Characteristics== | |||
| The Zeibekiko usually has a rhythmic pattern of {{Time signature|9|4}}<ref>Kilpatrick, David. "Ethnomusicology", Vol. 6, No. 3, ''Canadian Issue'' (Sep., 1972), p. 577.</ref> or else {{Time signature|9|8}}. It is most commonly broken down as: | |||
| <score> | |||
| \new DrumStaff \with{ | |||
| \override StaffSymbol.line-count = #1 | |||
| } | |||
| \drummode { | |||
| \time 9/8 { | |||
| cl8 cl8 cl8 cl8 cl8 cl8 | |||
| } | |||
| } | |||
| </score> | |||
| or as: | |||
| <score> | |||
| \new DrumStaff \with{ | |||
| \override StaffSymbol.line-count = #1 | |||
| } | |||
| \drummode { | |||
| \time 9/8 { | |||
| cl16 cl8 cl16 cl8 cl8 cl8 | |||
| } | |||
| } | |||
| </score> | |||
| As a solo dance, it was traditionally performed by men, though it is now common for women to dance the Zeibekiko.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Wichmann |first1=Anna |title=When Women Started Dancing Zeibekiko |url=https://greekreporter.com/2022/07/22/women-zeibekiko-movies-greek/ |date=22 July 2022}}</ref> Due to the movements of the dancer, it is sometimes known as the "eagle dance".<ref>{{cite book|last1=McGinnis|first1=Maura|title=Greece : a primary source cultural guide|date=2004|publisher=Rosen Pub. Group|location=New York|isbn=978-0823939992|edition=1st}}</ref> The dance has no set steps, only certain figures and a circular movement. It takes place in an area little surpassing one square metre and mostly consists of improvised movements.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Holst|first1=Gail|title=Road to rembetika : music of a Greek sub-culture : songs of love, sorrow, and hashish|url=https://archive.org/details/roadtorembetikam00hols/page/268|url-access=registration|date=1994|publisher=D. Harvey|location=Athens|isbn=978-9607120076|page=|edition=Reprinted with amendments 1994.}}</ref> | |||
| Occasionally dancers perform feats such as standing on a glass of wine or a chair or fireplace, or picking up a table, adding a sense of a little ] and ].<ref>{{cite web|last=Many authors|script-title=el:Ζεϊμπέκικος|url=http://www.dance-pandect.gr/pds_cosmos/pop/pop_lhmma_gr.php?oid=E-F198C&ActionP=Play&mode=Med&Obj=T&eid=E-F198C&aa=1|work=Pandect: The World of Greek Dance|access-date=19 June 2013|language=el}}</ref> | |||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
| ⚫ | *] | ||
| *] | |||
| *] | *] | ||
| *] | |||
| *] | *] | ||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
| ==References== | |||
| ⚫ | ] | ||
| {{Reflist|2}} | |||
| ⚫ | ] | ||
| {{Greek dances}} | |||
| {{Music of Southeastern Europe (the Balkans)}} | |||
| {{Authority control}} | |||
| ⚫ | ] | ||
| {{Dance-stub}} | |||
Latest revision as of 05:46, 21 October 2024
Greek folk dance
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Zeibekiko (Greek: Ζεϊμπέκικο, IPA: [zei̯ˈbeciko]) is a Greek folk dance, similar to Turkish Zeybek dance.
Origin and history
It takes its name from the Zeybeks, an irregular militia living in the Aegean Region of the Ottoman Empire from late 17th to early 20th centuries. It was first seen at the end of the 17th century in cities such as Constantinople and Smyrna. Evliya Çelebi mentions in his writings that it was danced in Magnesia and in Aydın at local feasts. Originally a dance for two armed people facing one another, it developed into an improvised dance for a single male.
After the population exchange between Greece and Turkey in 1922, the dance became popular also in mainland Greece, in many songs of Laiko music.
Characteristics
The Zeibekiko usually has a rhythmic pattern of
4 or else
8. It is most commonly broken down as:
or as:
As a solo dance, it was traditionally performed by men, though it is now common for women to dance the Zeibekiko. Due to the movements of the dancer, it is sometimes known as the "eagle dance". The dance has no set steps, only certain figures and a circular movement. It takes place in an area little surpassing one square metre and mostly consists of improvised movements.
Occasionally dancers perform feats such as standing on a glass of wine or a chair or fireplace, or picking up a table, adding a sense of a little braggadocio and humor.
See also
- Antikristos
- Bouzouki
- Greek dances
- Hasapiko
- List of dances
- Rebetiko
- Kamilierikos
- Zeibekiko of Evdokia
- Zeibeks
- Zeybek dance
References
- Chrysopoulos, Philip (4 April 2016). "Greek and Turkish Folk Dances With Common Origins, Still Popular Today". Greek Reporter.
- Babiniotis, Georgios D. (2002). Lexiko Tis Neas Ellinikis Glossas (2nd ed.). Athens: Kentro Lexikologias. p. 707. ISBN 960-86190-1-7.
- Πάλλης, Α. (1941). Σελίδες της παλιάς γενιτσάρικης Τουρκίας. Athens: Εκάτη. p. 231.
- Tyrovola, V. (1994). "The evolutionary process of the dynamics of popular urban culture: The case of Zeibekiko dance". Proceedings of the 17th Symposium of the Study Group of Ethnoarchaeology: 107–113.
- Kilpatrick, David. "Ethnomusicology", Vol. 6, No. 3, Canadian Issue (Sep., 1972), p. 577.
- Wichmann, Anna (22 July 2022). "When Women Started Dancing Zeibekiko".
- McGinnis, Maura (2004). Greece : a primary source cultural guide (1st ed.). New York: Rosen Pub. Group. ISBN 978-0823939992.
- Holst, Gail (1994). Road to rembetika : music of a Greek sub-culture : songs of love, sorrow, and hashish (Reprinted with amendments 1994. ed.). Athens: D. Harvey. p. 268. ISBN 978-9607120076.
- Many authors. Ζεϊμπέκικος. Pandect: The World of Greek Dance (in Greek). Retrieved 19 June 2013.