Misplaced Pages

Pimelic acid: Difference between revisions

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Browse history interactively← Previous editContent deleted Content addedVisualWikitext
Revision as of 14:43, 30 August 2011 editLamro (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users84,272 edits link← Previous edit Latest revision as of 20:58, 16 November 2024 edit undoTeaktl17 (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users18,074 editsm →top: +wl 
(48 intermediate revisions by 31 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{chembox {{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
⚫ | verifiedrevid = 406963812
| Watchedfields = changed
⚫ | Name = Pimelic acid
⚫ | verifiedrevid = 447493998
| ImageFile = Pimelic acid.png
⚫ | Name = Pimelic acid
⚫ <!-- | ImageSize = 200px -->
| ImageName = Pimelic acid | ImageFile = Pimelic acid.png
⚫ | ImageSize = 240
⚫ | ImageFile1 = Pimelic-acid-3D-balls.png
| ImageAlt = Skeletal formula of pimelic acid
⚫ | ImageSize1 = 230px
⚫ | ImageFile1 = Pimelic acid molecule ball from xtal.png
| IUPACName = heptanedioic acid
⚫ | ImageSize1 = 240
⚫ | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| ImageAlt1 = Ball-and-stick model of the pimelic acid molecule
⚫ | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite}}
| PIN = Heptanedioic acid
⚫ |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
⚫ | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 111-16-0 | CASNo = 111-16-0
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
⚫ | SMILES = OC(=O)CCCCCC(=O)O
| UNII = BZQ96WX25F
⚫ | SMILES = OC(=O)CCCCCC(=O)O
| EINECS = 203-840-8
| PubChem = 385
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 376
| InChI = 1/C7H12O4/c8-6(9)4-2-1-3-5-7(10)11/h1-5H2,(H,8,9)(H,10,11)
| InChIKey = WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYAR
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C7H12O4/c8-6(9)4-2-1-3-5-7(10)11/h1-5H2,(H,8,9)(H,10,11)
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 30531
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|changed|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB01856
}} }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>4</sub> | Formula = C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>4</sub>
| Appearance = colorless or white solid
| MolarMass = 160.17 g/mol
| Density = 1.28 g/cm<sup>3</sup> | MolarMass = 160.17 g/mol
| Density = 1.28 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
| MeltingPt = 103-105 °C
| MeltingPtC = 103 to 105
⚫ | BoilingPt = Decomposes
| MeltingPt_notes =
⚫ | pKa1 = 4.71 pKa2 = 5.58 <references/>CRC Handbook of Chemcistry and Physics 83rd ed. p.8-52
⚫ | BoilingPt = decomposes
| pKa1 = 4.71 pKa2 = 5.58 </ref>CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 83rd ed. p.8-52
⚫ | pKa = 4.71 pKa2 = 5.58 <ref>CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 83rd ed. p.8-52</ref>
}} }}
}} }}


'''Pimelic acid''' is the ] with the ] HO<sub>2</sub>C(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>5</sub>CO<sub>2</sub>H. Derivatives of pimelic acid are involved in the biosynthesis of the ] called ]. Pimelic acid is one ] longer than a related ], adipic acid, a precursor to many polyesters and polyamides. It is the final member of the mnemonic used to aid recollection of the order of the first six dicarboxylic acids using their common (not IUPAC) nomenclature: ] '''Pimelic acid''' is the ] with the ] HO<sub>2</sub>C(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>5</sub>CO<sub>2</sub>H. Pimelic acid is one ] longer than a related ], ], a precursor to many polyesters and polyamides. However compared to adipic acid, pimelic acid is relatively small in importance industrially.<ref name=Ullmann/> Derivatives of pimelic acid are involved in the biosynthesis of the ] ] and the vitamin ].


== Synthesis ==
Pimelic acid has been synthesized from ] and from ].<ref>Snyder, H. R.; Brooks, A. L.; Shapiro, S. H. "Pimelic Acid from Cyclohexanone" and Müller, A. "Pimelic Acid from Salicylic Acid"
===Biosynthesis===
Organic Syntheses, Collected Volume 2, p.531 (1943).http://www.orgsyn.org/orgsyn/pdfs/CV2P0531.pdf</ref> In the former route, the additional carbon is supplied by dimethyl], which reacts with the enolate.
The biosynthesis of pimelic acid is unknown but is speculated to start with ].<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1111/mmi.13648|title=Pimelic Acid, the First Precursor of the ''Bacillus subtilis'' Biotin Synthesis Pathway, Exists as the Free Acid and Is Assembled by Fatty Acid Synthesis|year=2017|last1=Manandhar|first1=Miglena|last2=Cronan|first2=John E.|journal=Molecular Microbiology|volume=104|issue=4|pages=595–607|pmid=28196402 |s2cid=13732917|pmc=5426962}}</ref>


===Chemical and industrial routes===
⚫ ==See also==
Like other simple ]s, many methods have been developed for producing pimelic acid.
Pimelic acid is produced commercially by oxidation of ] with ]. Other routes include the relatively unselective oxidation of ] and the ] of ].<ref name=Ullmann>{{Ullmann|doi=10.1002/14356007.a08_523|chapter=Dicarboxylic Acids, Aliphatic|year=2000|last1=Cornils|first1=Boy|last2=Lappe|first2=Peter}}</ref>

====Niche methods====
Many other methods exist. Pimelic acid has been synthesized from ] and from ].<ref>{{cite journal|author=H. R. Snyder |author2=L. A. Brooks |author3=S. H. Shapiro |author4=A. Müller |title=Pimelic Acid|journal=Organic Syntheses|volume=11|page=42|year=1931|doi=10.15227/orgsyn.011.0042}}</ref> In the former route, the additional carbon is supplied by dimethyl], which reacts with the enolate.

In other syntheses, pimelic acid is made from cyclohexene-4-carboxylic acid,<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/ja01122a075|title=The Synthesis of Pimelic Acid from Cyclohexene-4-carboxylic Acid and its Derivatives|journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society|volume=74|issue=2|page=532|year=1952|last1=Werber|first1=Frank X.|last2=Jansen|first2=J. E.|last3=Gresham|first3=T. L.}}</ref> and a fourth method also exists based on the 1,4 reaction of malonate systems with ].<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/ja01122a024|title=Synthesis of Pimelic Acid and α-Substituted Pimelic Acid and Intermediates1|journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society|volume=74|issue=2|page=371|year=1952|last1=Warner|first1=Donald T.|last2=Moe|first2=Owen A.}}</ref>

Several patents exist for the production of pimelic acid.<ref>{{US patent|2826609}}</ref><ref>{{US patent|2800507}}</ref><ref>{{US patent|2698339}}</ref><ref>{{US patent|3468927}}</ref><ref>{{US patent|4888443}}</ref><ref>{{US patent|2673219}}</ref>

⚫ == See also ==
* ] * ]


==References== == References ==
{{reflist}} {{reflist}}


{{Navbox linear saturated dicarboxylic acids}}
⚫ ]


{{Authority control}}
]

]
⚫ ]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]

Latest revision as of 20:58, 16 November 2024

Pimelic acid
Skeletal formula of pimelic acid
Ball-and-stick model of the pimelic acid molecule
Names
Preferred IUPAC name Heptanedioic acid
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
DrugBank
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.492 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 203-840-8
PubChem CID
UNII
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C7H12O4/c8-6(9)4-2-1-3-5-7(10)11/h1-5H2,(H,8,9)(H,10,11)Key: WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • InChI=1/C7H12O4/c8-6(9)4-2-1-3-5-7(10)11/h1-5H2,(H,8,9)(H,10,11)Key: WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYAR
SMILES
  • OC(=O)CCCCCC(=O)O
Properties
Chemical formula C7H12O4
Molar mass 160.17 g/mol
Appearance colorless or white solid
Density 1.28 g/cm
Melting point 103 to 105 °C (217 to 221 °F; 376 to 378 K)
Boiling point decomposes
Acidity (pKa) 4.71 pKa2 = 5.58
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). ☒N verify (what is  ?) Infobox references
Chemical compound

Pimelic acid is the organic compound with the formula HO2C(CH2)5CO2H. Pimelic acid is one CH
2 unit longer than a related dicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, a precursor to many polyesters and polyamides. However compared to adipic acid, pimelic acid is relatively small in importance industrially. Derivatives of pimelic acid are involved in the biosynthesis of the amino acid lysine and the vitamin biotin.

Synthesis

Biosynthesis

The biosynthesis of pimelic acid is unknown but is speculated to start with malonyl CoA.

Chemical and industrial routes

Like other simple dicarboxylic acids, many methods have been developed for producing pimelic acid. Pimelic acid is produced commercially by oxidation of cycloheptanone with dinitrogen tetroxide. Other routes include the relatively unselective oxidation of palmitic acid and the carbonylation of caprolactone.

Niche methods

Many other methods exist. Pimelic acid has been synthesized from cyclohexanone and from salicylic acid. In the former route, the additional carbon is supplied by dimethyloxalate, which reacts with the enolate.

In other syntheses, pimelic acid is made from cyclohexene-4-carboxylic acid, and a fourth method also exists based on the 1,4 reaction of malonate systems with acrolein.

Several patents exist for the production of pimelic acid.

See also

References

  1. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 83rd ed. p.8-52
  2. ^ Cornils, Boy; Lappe, Peter (2000). "Dicarboxylic Acids, Aliphatic". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a08_523. ISBN 978-3527306732.
  3. Manandhar, Miglena; Cronan, John E. (2017). "Pimelic Acid, the First Precursor of the Bacillus subtilis Biotin Synthesis Pathway, Exists as the Free Acid and Is Assembled by Fatty Acid Synthesis". Molecular Microbiology. 104 (4): 595–607. doi:10.1111/mmi.13648. PMC 5426962. PMID 28196402. S2CID 13732917.
  4. H. R. Snyder; L. A. Brooks; S. H. Shapiro; A. Müller (1931). "Pimelic Acid". Organic Syntheses. 11: 42. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.011.0042.
  5. Werber, Frank X.; Jansen, J. E.; Gresham, T. L. (1952). "The Synthesis of Pimelic Acid from Cyclohexene-4-carboxylic Acid and its Derivatives". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 74 (2): 532. doi:10.1021/ja01122a075.
  6. Warner, Donald T.; Moe, Owen A. (1952). "Synthesis of Pimelic Acid and α-Substituted Pimelic Acid and Intermediates1". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 74 (2): 371. doi:10.1021/ja01122a024.
  7. U.S. patent 2,826,609
  8. U.S. patent 2,800,507
  9. U.S. patent 2,698,339
  10. U.S. patent 3,468,927
  11. U.S. patent 4,888,443
  12. U.S. patent 2,673,219
Linear saturated dicarboxylic acids (HO2C-R-CO2H)
Category:Dicarboxylic acids
Category: